WO2004063261A1 - Procede de piegeage de composes libres contenus dans une composition polymerique - Google Patents
Procede de piegeage de composes libres contenus dans une composition polymerique Download PDFInfo
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- WO2004063261A1 WO2004063261A1 PCT/FR2003/003603 FR0303603W WO2004063261A1 WO 2004063261 A1 WO2004063261 A1 WO 2004063261A1 FR 0303603 W FR0303603 W FR 0303603W WO 2004063261 A1 WO2004063261 A1 WO 2004063261A1
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- Prior art keywords
- trapping
- polymers
- additives
- composition
- ethylene
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Classifications
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- B01J20/28—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J20/28054—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their surface properties or porosity
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- B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
- B01J20/06—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising oxides or hydroxides of metals not provided for in group B01J20/04
- B01J20/08—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising oxides or hydroxides of metals not provided for in group B01J20/04 comprising aluminium oxide or hydroxide; comprising bauxite
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- B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
- B01J20/10—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising silica or silicate
- B01J20/103—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising silica or silicate comprising silica
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- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
- B01J20/20—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising free carbon; comprising carbon obtained by carbonising processes
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- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/28—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J20/28054—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their surface properties or porosity
- B01J20/28069—Pore volume, e.g. total pore volume, mesopore volume, micropore volume
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/28—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J20/28054—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their surface properties or porosity
- B01J20/28078—Pore diameter
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
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- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/28—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J20/28054—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their surface properties or porosity
- B01J20/28078—Pore diameter
- B01J20/2808—Pore diameter being less than 2 nm, i.e. micropores or nanopores
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/28—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J20/28054—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their surface properties or porosity
- B01J20/28078—Pore diameter
- B01J20/28083—Pore diameter being in the range 2-50 nm, i.e. mesopores
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/28—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J20/28054—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their surface properties or porosity
- B01J20/28078—Pore diameter
- B01J20/28085—Pore diameter being more than 50 nm, i.e. macropores
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/28—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J20/28054—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their surface properties or porosity
- B01J20/28088—Pore-size distribution
- B01J20/28092—Bimodal, polymodal, different types of pores or different pore size distributions in different parts of the sorbent
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F6/00—Post-polymerisation treatments
- C08F6/001—Removal of residual monomers by physical means
- C08F6/005—Removal of residual monomers by physical means from solid polymers
Definitions
- the invention relates to a treatment of a polymer composition containing free compounds. This treatment is intended to capture or trap said free compounds.
- the invention also relates to the compositions and mixtures comprising such polymeric compositions obtained by said treatment.
- polymer composition or polymer composition (s) is understood to mean, in everything which follows, any composition based on polymer (s) of any kind: thermoplastic or thermosetting, rigid or elastomeric, amorphous, crystalline and / or semi-crystalline, homopolymer , copolymer, ...; these compositions can be mixtures of one or more different polymers with various additives, adjuvants and / or fillers conventionally added to polymers, such as stabilizers, plasticizers, polymerization catalysts, dyes, pigments, lubricants, flame retardants, reinforcements, etc.
- free compound any chemical compound * which it is possible to detect in the composition based on polymers by the use of detection and analysis means, such as for example by gas chromatography, liquid phase exclusion chromatography, elementary analysis of the residues, optionally coupled with mass spectrometry, olfactory detection carried out by a panel of trained testers, by dissolving the polymer or polymers of the composition in at least one solvent, then with the (s) ) precipitate in one or more non-solvent (s) containing an internal standard so as to isolate the free compounds to detect them, etc. * and which may prove to be harmful from the olfactory and / or toxicological and / or visual and / or mechanical strength point of view for the polymeric compositions which contain them.
- detection and analysis means such as for example by gas chromatography, liquid phase exclusion chromatography, elementary analysis of the residues, optionally coupled with mass spectrometry, olfactory detection carried out by a panel of trained testers, by dissolving the polymer or polymers of the
- the free compounds present in the polymer (s) compositions which can be trapped by the trapping method according to the invention can be unreacted monomers or residual monomers, low molecular weight oligomers, polymers, but also created some of the additives, adjuvants, stabilizers, plasticizers, polymerization catalysts, dyes, pigments, lubricants, flame retardants, reinforcements, polymerization solvents and / or fillers present in the compositions, which would not have reacted and / or would have degraded and / or would not have been completely eliminated (case of solvents) during the preparation of the composition proper and / or during its transformation and / or its shaping of semi-finished or finished articles.
- the content of residual styrene, toxic and reactive monomer is generally not less than 100-150 ppm; but it is desirable to further reduce this content for reasons of security and tightening of the legislation.
- compositions based on styrene copolymers such as SBS (styrene / butadiene / styrene), SEBS (styrene / ethylene / / butene / styrene) of elastomeric nature or ABS (acrylonitrile / butadiene / styrene), generally no butadiene, a very toxic and very reactive monomer, on the other hand, there are commonly about 10 ppm of residual styrene and especially of the order of 1,500 to 2,000 ppm of cyclohexane, solvent for the copolymerization reaction. It is desirable to reduce these contents for reasons of toxicity but also because it has been found that food packaging made of SBS, SEBS and / or ABS gives a taste to the foods with which they are in contact.
- SBS styrene / butadiene / styrene
- SEBS styrene / ethylene
- Degassing can, for example, be carried out in degassing silos supplied with nitrogen or hot air. Removal of residual monomers can also be carried out in the molten state in devices called devolatilizers, as is the case in the manufacture of polystyrene. In this case, the molten polymer is dispersed in an enclosure maintained under high vacuum, the free ones being thus entrained under the effect of the vacuum. Devolatilization can also be carried out in an extruder equipped with one or more degassing wells.
- the devolatilization technique in the molten state is more effective, but does not make it possible to significantly reduce the amount of residual compounds.
- the solution consisting in installing a device of the vacuum devolatiser type is an expensive solution requiring a high investment.
- WO 98/25974 describes a composition comprising a copolymer of ethylene based on acid, such as ethylene / (meth) acrylic acid.
- This copolymer is mixed with a hydrophilic zeolite (zeolite having a Si0 2 / Al 2 0 3 ratio less than 100, preferably less than 35 and advantageously less than 3, adsorbing more than 10% of water at 25 ° C under pressure 4.6 Torr) so as to form a composition in which the content of residual monomeric acid, not having copolymerized and included in the polymer, is reduced.
- zeolite zeolite having a Si0 2 / Al 2 0 3 ratio less than 100, preferably less than 35 and advantageously less than 3, adsorbing more than 10% of water at 25 ° C under pressure 4.6 Torr
- WO 92/13029 relates to a process for the elimination of substances generating tastes and odors in plastic materials.
- the molecules responsible for these inconveniences are not disclosed.
- Tests carried out with hydrophilic SYLOSIV® 3A and 10A zeolites produce a weak effect as regards the elimination of the substances responsible for tastes / odors, while the hydrophobic zeolites ABSCENT® give good results.
- the teaching of this document does not make it possible to link a level of odor to a content of odorous compound since nothing is said in this document of the exact content (in ppm) of the residual compounds.
- WO 92/13899 describes a process for the elimination of substances generating tastes and odors in polyolefins. The molecules responsible for these inconveniences are not disclosed.
- hydrophobic zeolites Si0 2 / AI 2 ⁇ 3 ratio greater than 17, preferably greater than 100, adsorbing less than 10% water at 25 ° C under a pressure of 4.6 Torr are added directly to the polymerization reactor.
- the present invention provides a technical solution to this problem which is both simple, inexpensive and non-toxic.
- the process which is the subject of the present invention consists in capturing these free compounds contained in the polymer-based composition using at least one trapping additive having the following characteristics:
- the trapping additive according to the invention can, for example, be chosen from porous inorganic solids such as silicas, aluminas, silica-aluminas, organic solids, such as resins and carbonaceous solids, such as active carbon.
- porous inorganic solids such as silicas, aluminas, silica-aluminas, organic solids, such as resins and carbonaceous solids, such as active carbon.
- inorganic solids there will be mentioned very particularly the solids of ordered porosity and in particular those described in EP 1,138,377 and in EP 1,996,513 in the name of the applicant.
- the trapping additive according to the invention is preferably a carbonaceous material such as activated carbon.
- the compositions additivated with at least one of these additives are dark in color: black, gray, brown or brown, depending on the amount of carbon trapping additive, but also according to the nature of the polymers of the composition.
- Active carbon is generally produced by carbonization and activation of a carbon source of vegetable origin such as wood, sawdust, fruit shells or stones, lignite, peat, etc. from a source of carbon of fossil origin, such as coal, coal and / or petroleum or alternatively from a source of carbon of synthetic origin, for example high molecular weight polymer such as phenolic resin, alcohol resin furfuryl or vinyl chloride resin.
- a carbon source of vegetable origin such as wood, sawdust, fruit shells or stones, lignite, peat, etc.
- a source of carbon of fossil origin such as coal, coal and / or petroleum
- a source of carbon of synthetic origin for example high molecular weight polymer such as phenolic resin, alcohol resin furfuryl or vinyl chloride resin.
- Carbonization is generally carried out by heating the carbon source in a non-oxidizing atmosphere at temperatures generally between 300 and 1,500 ° C.
- Activation is carried out by heating the carbonized product thus obtained in a weakly oxidizing gas containing C0 2 or steam at a temperature ranging from 500 to 1,100 ° C so as to oxidize the carbonized product and give it a (more) porous structure and increase its specific surface.
- Activated carbon can also be prepared by the action of a dehydrating and / or oxidizing agent (H P0 4 , ZnCI 2 ) on woody materials by operating without prior carbonization at a relatively low temperature (generally less than 600 ° C), the chemical substance then being removed from the activated carbon by successive washes and if necessary by grinding to the desired particle size.
- a dehydrating and / or oxidizing agent H P0 4 , ZnCI 2
- Active charcoals of vegetable origin are preferred to coals of mineral origin since they contain less impurities (metals such as iron, etc.) and do not require additional treatment such as acid washing to lower this level of impurities.
- Polymers which are capable of generating free compounds either alone or in combination with any other constituents present in the polymer composition (other polymer (s), additives, adjuvants, stabilizers, plasticizers, polymerization catalysts, dyes, pigments , lubricants, flame retardants, reinforcements, polymerization solvents and / or fillers, such as wood, lignin, flame retardant fillers, etc., during the preparation, the shaping and / or the transformation of the composition may be polymers containing functions of the epoxide and / or glycidyl, ether type, of the mono-, di- or polycarboxylic acid type, unsaturated or not, aromatic or not, or functional acid derivative such as anhydride, ester, amide and / or imide, vinyl, aromatic vinyl, etc., it being understood that the definitions of the polymers given below may be redundant insofar as certain polymers contain several of the listed functions Rees previously.
- copolymers of ethylene and of at least one unsaturated epoxide which can be obtained by copolymerization of ethylene and of the unsaturated epoxide (s) or by grafting of the unsaturated epoxides on polyethylene.
- the grafting can be carried out in solvent phase or on molten polyethylene in the presence of a peroxide.
- radical polymerization processes usually operating at pressures between 200 and 2,500 bars.
- polyethylene is meant in the present specification, homo- and copolymers of ethylene.
- alpha-olefins advantageously those having from 3 to 30 carbon atoms; as examples of alpha olefins, mention may be made of propylene, 1 -butene, 1 -pentene, 3-methyl-1 -butene, 1 -hexene, 4-methyl-1 -pentene, 3 -methyl-1 - pentene, 1-octene, 1-dececene, 1 -dodecene, 1 -tetradecene, 1 -hexadecene, 1 -octadecene, 1 -eicocene, 1 -dococene, 1 - tetracocene, 1-hexacocene, 1-octacocene, and 1 -triacontene; these alpha-olefins can be used alone or as a mixture of two or more than two, - esters of unsaturated carboxylic acids such as, for example,
- alkyl (meth) acrylates the alkyls being able to have up to 24 carbon atoms
- examples of alkyl acrylate or methacrylate are in particular methyl methacrylate, ethyl acrylate, n- acrylate butyl, isobutyl acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, - vinyl esters of saturated carboxylic acids such as, for example, vinyl acetate or propionate.
- - dienes such as, for example, 1,4-hexadiene.
- the polyethylene can comprise several of the preceding comonomers.
- the polyethylene which can be a mixture of several polymers, comprises at least 50% and preferably 75% (in moles) of ethylene, its density can be between 0.86 and 0.98 g / cm 3 .
- the MFI viscosity index at 190 ° C. under a load of 2.16 kg
- polyethylenes examples include - low density polyethylene (LDPE)
- HDPE high density polyethylene
- LLDPE linear low density polyethylene
- VLDPE very low density polyethylene
- metallocene catalysis the polyethylene obtained by metallocene catalysis, that is to say the polymers obtained by copolymerization of ethylene and of alphaolefin such as propylene, butene, hexene or octene in the presence of a monosite catalyst generally consisting of an atom of zirconium or titanium and two cyclic alkyl molecules linked to the metal. More specifically, metallocene catalysts are usually composed of two cyclopentadienic rings linked to the metal. These catalysts are frequently used with aluminoxanes as cocatalysts or activators, preferably methylaluminoxane (MAO). Hafnium can also be used as the metal to which cyclopentadiene is attached. Other metallocenes can include transition metals of groups IV A, VA, and VI A. Metals of the lanthamide series can also be used.
- unsaturated epoxides there may be mentioned: - aliphatic glycidyl esters and ethers such as allyl glycidylether, vinyl glycidylether, maleate and glycidyl itaconate, glycidyl (meth) acrylate, and
- alicyclic glycidyl esters and ethers such as 2-cyclohexene-1 - glycidylether, cyclohexene-4,5-diglycidyl dicarboxylate, cyclohexene-4-glycidyl carboxylate, 5-norbomene-2-methyl-2-glycidyl carboxylate and endo cis-bicyclo (2,2, 1) -5-heptene-2,3-diglycidyl dicarboxylate.
- the polymers with epoxide and / or glycidyl functions also include the polymers listed above, part of the monomer or monomers with epoxy and / or glycidyl function being replaced by unsaturated monomers copolymerizable with the monomers with epoxy and / or glycidyl functions, and in particular the esters
- (meth) acrylics such as for example ethylene-methyl methacrylate terpolymers- (meth) acrylate.
- the polymer with epoxide and / or glycidyl functions can advantageously be an ethylene / alkyl (meth) acrylate / unsaturated epoxide copolymer.
- it can contain up to 40% by weight of alkyl (meth) acrylate, preferably 5 to 40% and up to 10% by weight of unsaturated epoxide, preferably 0.1 to 8%.
- the epoxide is advantageously glycidyl (meth) acrylate.
- the alkyl (meth) acrylate is chosen from methyl (meth) acrylate, ethyl acrylate, n-butyl acrylate, isobutyl acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl acrylate.
- the amount of alkyl (meth) acrylate is advantageously from 20 to 35%.
- the MFI is advantageously between 5 and 100 (measured in g / 10 min at 190 ° C under 2.16 kg), the melting temperature is between 60 and 110 ° C. This copolymer can be obtained by radical polymerization of the monomers.
- LOTADER® GMA ethylene-methyl methacrylate-glycidyl methacrylate terpolymer sold by ATOFINA.
- polymers with acid and / or acid anhydride functions mention may be made of polyolefins grafted with an unsaturated carboxylic acid anhydride as well as the copolymers of olefin and of unsaturated carboxylic acid anhydride which are obtained for example by radical polymerization and more particularly those based on ethylene as defined above.
- the unsaturated carboxylic acid anhydride can be chosen from maleic, itaconic, citraconic, allylsuccinic, cyclohex-4-ene-1, 2-dicarboxylic, bicyclo (2,2,1) hept-5-ene-2 anhydrides, 3- dicarboxylic, 4-methylenecyclohex-4-ene-1, 2- dicarboxylic and x-methylbicyc! O (2,2,1) hept-5-ene-2,2-dicarboxylic.
- Maleic anhydride is advantageously used. It would not be departing from the scope of the invention to replace all or part of the anhydride with one or more unsaturated carboxylic acids such as for example (meth) acrylic acid.
- copolymers of ethylene and of the unsaturated carboxylic acid anhydride that is to say those in which the unsaturated carboxylic acid anhydride is not grafted
- these are the copolymers ethylene, unsaturated carboxylic acid anhydride and optionally another monomer which can be chosen from the comonomers mentioned above for the ethylene copolymers intended to be grafted.
- the ethylene-maleic anhydride and ethylene - (meth) acrylate (s) of alkyl (s) - maleic anhydride copolymers are used.
- copolymers generally comprise from 0.2 to 10% by weight of maleic anhydride, from 0 to 40% and preferably 5 to 40% by weight of alkyl (meth) acrylate.
- Their M FI is between 20 and 100 (190 ° C - 2.16 kg).
- the alkyl (meth) acrylates have already been described above.
- the melting temperature is between 80 and 120 ° C.
- Such copolymers are commercially available; they are prepared by radical polymerization at a pressure which can be between 200 and 2500 bars and are sold in the form of granules. They can be powdered for example by microgranulation using the technique of cutting under water from the company GALA (Virginia, USA) or by cryogenic grinding.
- polymers with acid derivative functions of ester type mention may be made of polymers of (alkyl) acrylate type or acrylic polymers, homo-and copolymers of one or more (alkyl) acrylates, which are in particular described in KIRK OTHMER, Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology, 4 th edition, vol 1, pages 292-293 and vol 16, pages 475-478. Mention may also be made of the copolymers of one or more alkyl (acryl) acrylates and of at least one monomer chosen from acrylonitrile, butadiene, styrene, isoprene, provided that the proportion of (alkyl) alkyl acrylates is at least 50 mol%.
- the acrylic polymers are either made up of the monomers mentioned above, or additionally contain at least one impact modifier.
- Impact modifiers for acrylic polymers are generally random or block copolymers of at least one monomer chosen from styrene, butadiene, isoprene and at least one monomer chosen from acrylonitrile, (alkyl) acrylates of 'alkyl; they can be of core-shell type.
- These impact modifiers for acrylic polymers can be mixed with the acrylic polymer or else be introduced during the polymerization of the acrylic polymer or else prepared simultaneously during the polymerization of the acrylic polymer; the amount of impact modifier (s) can generally represent up to 30% of the weight of the acrylic polymer.
- polymers containing acid derivatives of the ester type mention may also be made of polymers containing units derived from one or more esters vinyl of saturated carboxylic acids such as for example vinyl acetate or propionate. Mention may for example be made of the copolymers of ethylene and of vinyl acetate, sold in particular under the names EVATANE®, ELVAX®, ULTRATHENE®.
- polymers having amide functions mention may be made of polymers resulting from condensation:
- amino acids such as aminocaproic, amino-7-heptanoic, amino-1 1 -undecanoic (PA-1 1) and amino-12-dodecanoic (PA-12) acid from one or more lactams such as caprolactam (PA-6), oenantholactam and lauryllactam;
- salts or mixtures of diamines such as hexamethylenediamine, dodecamethylenediamine, metaxylylenediamine, bis-p aminocyclohexylmethane and trimethylhexamethylene diamine with diacids such as isophthalic, terephthalic, adipic, azelaic, and dodecanedicarboxylic;
- PA 6-12 resulting from the condensation of hexamethylene diamine and of 1,12-dodecanedioic acid as examples of aliphatic polyamides resulting from the condensation of an aliphatic diamine having from 6 to 12 atoms of carbon and an aliphatic diacid having 9 to 12 carbon atoms and amino acids include:
- the polymer with amide functions can be plasticized.
- the plasticizer (s) are generally chosen from benzene sulfonamide derivatives, such as n-butyl benzene sulfonamide (BBSA), ethyl toluene sulfonamide or N-cyclohexyl toluene sulfonamide; esters of hydroxy benzoic acids, such as 2-ethyl hexyl parahydroxybenzoate and 2-decyl hexyl parahydroxybenzoate; esters or ethers of tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol, such as oligoethyleneoxytetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol; and esters of citric acid or hydroxy-malonic acid, such as oligoethyleneoxy malonate.
- BBSA n-butyl benzene sulfonamide
- esters of hydroxy benzoic acids such as 2-ethyl hexyl parahydroxybenzoate and 2-
- a particularly preferred plasticizer is n-butyl benzene sulfonamide (BBSA).
- BBSA n-butyl benzene sulfonamide
- the plasticizer (s) can be introduced into the polyamide during the polycondensation or subsequently.
- the proportion of plasticizer can generally range up to 30% by weight of the polymer with amide functions.
- the amide-functional polymer can also be a copolymer with polyamide blocks and polyether blocks (PEBA) resulting from the copolycondensation of polyamide blocks with reactive ends with polyether blocks with reactive ends, such as, inter alia:
- PEBA polyether blocks
- polyamide blocks with diamine chain ends with polyoxyalkylene blocks with dicarboxylic chain ends 1) polyamide blocks with diamine chain ends with polyoxyalkylene blocks with dicarboxylic chain ends. 2) polyamide sequences containing dicarboxylic chain ends with polyoxyalkylene sequences containing diamine chain ends obtained by cyanoethylation and hydrogenation of aliphatic dihydroxylated polyoxyalkylene alpha sequences called polyetherdiols.
- the polyamide sequences with dicarboxylic chain ends originate, for example, from the condensation of polyamide precursors in the presence of a chain-limiting dicarboxylic acid.
- the polyamide sequences with diamine chain ends originate, for example, from the condensation of polyamide precursors in the presence of a chain limiting diamine.
- the polymers containing polyamide blocks and polyether blocks can also comprise units distributed randomly. These polymers can be prepared by the simultaneous reaction of the polyether and the precursors of the polyamide blocks. For example, polyetherdiol, polyamide precursors and a chain-limiting diacid can be reacted. A polymer is obtained which essentially has polyether blocks, polyamide blocks of very variable length, but also the various reactants which have reacted randomly which are distributed randomly (statistically) along the polymer chain.
- Polyetherdiamine, polyamide precursors and a chain-limiting diacid can also be reacted.
- a polymer is obtained which essentially has polyether blocks, polyamide blocks of very variable length, but also the various reactants which have reacted randomly which are distributed randomly.
- the amount of polyether blocks in these copolymers with polyamide blocks and polyether blocks generally represents 10 to 70% by weight of the copolymer.
- the polyetherdiol blocks are either used as such and copolycondensed with polyamide blocks with carboxylic ends, or aminated to be transformed into polyether diamines and condensed with polyamide blocks with carboxylic ends. They can also be mixed with polyamide precursors and a diacid chain limiter to make polymers containing polyamide blocks and polyether blocks having randomly distributed units.
- polymers with commercial amide functions mention may, for example, be made of NYLON®, GRILAMID®, RILSAN® which are aliphatic polyamides and PEBAX®, VESTAMID® which are PEBA.
- polyurethanes they consist of flexible polyether blocks which are residues of polyetherdiols and rigid blocks (polyurethanes) which result from the reaction of at least one diisocyanate with at least one short diol.
- the short chain extender diol can be chosen from the glycols mentioned above in the description of polyetheresters.
- the polyurethane blocks and the polyether blocks are linked by bonds resulting from the reaction of the isocyanate functions with the OH functions of the polyetherdiol.
- polyesterurethanes for example those comprising diisocyanate units, units derived from amorphous polyester diols and units derived from a short chain extender diol. They may contain plasticizers.
- plasticizers By way of example of commercial thermoplastic polyurethanes, mention may, for example, be made of ELASTOLLAN® from Elastogran Bayer.
- polymers containing ether functions mention may be made of polyoxyalkylenes and in particular polyoxymethylene (POM), block copolymers poly- (propylene oxide-ethylene oxide) and polyphenyleneoxide (PPO).
- POM polyoxymethylene
- PPO polyphenyleneoxide
- polyalkylene glycols which are polyethers terminated by hydroxyl functions, such as polyethylene glycol (PEG), polypropylene glycol, polytetramethylene glycol (PTMG) as well as polyetheresters which are copolymers with polyester blocks and polyether blocks .
- PEG polyethylene glycol
- PTMG polytetramethylene glycol
- polyetheresters which are copolymers with polyester blocks and polyether blocks .
- They consist of flexible polyether blocks which are the residues of polyetherdiols and of rigid segments (polyester blocks) which result from the reaction of at least one dicarboxylic acid with at least one diol unit of short chain extender.
- the polyester blocks and the polyester blocks are linked by ester bonds resulting from the reaction of the acid functions of the acid with the OH functions of the polyetherdiol.
- the short chain extender diol can be chosen from the group consisting of neopentylglycol, cyclohexanedimethanol and aliphatic glycols of formula HO (CH2) nOH in which n is an integer ranging from 2 to 10.
- the diacids are aromatic dicarboxylic acids having from 8 to 14 carbon atoms. Up to 50 mol% of the aromatic dicarboxylic acid may be replaced by at least one other aromatic dicarboxylic acid having 8 to 14 carbon atoms, and / or up to 20 mol% may be replaced by an aliphatic acid dicarboxylic having from 2 to 12 carbon atoms.
- aromatic dicarboxylic acids By way of example of aromatic dicarboxylic acids, mention may be made of terephthalic, isophthalic, bibenzoic acid, naphthalene dicarboxylic acid, 4,4'-diphenylenedicarboxylic acid, bis (p-carboxyphenyl) methane, ethylene bis p- benzoic acid, 1-4 tetramethylene bis (p-oxybenzoic acid), ethylene bis (para oxybenzoic acid), 1,3-trimethylene bis (p-oxybenzoic acid).
- glycols By way of example of glycols, mention may be made of ethylene glycol, 1, 3 trimethylene glycol, 1, 4-tetramethylene glycol, 1, 6-hexamethylene glycol, 1, 3 propylene glycol, 1, 8 octamethylene glycol, 1, 10-decamethylene glycol and 1, 4-cyclohexane dimethanol.
- the polyester block and polyether block copolymers are, for example, copolymers having polyether units derived from polyetherdiols such as PEG, PPG or PTMG, dicarboxylic acid units such as terephthalic acid and glycol (ethane diol) units or butane diol, 1-4.
- copolyetheresters are for example described in patents EP 402 883 and EP 405 227.
- These polyetheresters are thermoplastic elastomers; they may contain plasticizers.
- ALCON®, HOSTAFORM which are POM, ARNITEL®, HYTREL®, LOMOD® which are block polyether esters as well as PEBAX®, VESTAMID® which are block polyether ester amide.
- polymers with vinyl functions we mean polymers, homo- and copolymers, which derive in particular from vinyl monomer (s), such as vinyl chloride.
- vinyl monomer such as vinyl chloride.
- vinyl polymers mention may be made of polyvinyl chloride (PVC), superchlorinated PVC, etc.
- polymers with aromatic vinyl functions we mean polymers, homo- and copolymers, which derive in particular from aromatic monomer (s) with ethylenic unsaturation, such as styrene, vinyltoluene, alphamethyl styrene, methyl-4-styrene, methyl-3-styrene, methoxy-4-styrene, hydroxymethyl-2-styrene, ethyl-4-styrene, ethoxy-4-styrene, dimethyl-3,4 -styrene, chloro-2-styrene, chloro-3-styrene, chloro-4-methyl-3-styrene, ter-butyl-3-styrene, dichloro-2,4-styrene, dichloro-2 , 6-styrene and vinyl-1-naphthalene.
- aromatic monomer (s) with ethylenic unsaturation such as sty
- polystyrene PS
- PS modified with elastomers copolymers of styrene and acrylonitrile
- SAN modified with elastomers in particular ABS that one obtains for example by grafting (graft polymerization) of styrene and acrylonitrile on a trunk of polybutadiene or of butadiene-acrylonitrile copolymer, mixtures of SAN and ABS, polyalpha-methyl styrene, chloropolystyrene.
- the elastomers mentioned above can for example be EPR (usual abbreviation of ethylene propylene rubber or ethylene propylene elastomer), EPDM (usual abbreviation of ethylene propylene diene rubber or ethylene-propylene-diene elastomer), polybutadiene , the acrylonitrile-butadiene copolymer, polyisoprene, the isoprene-acrylonitrile copolymer.
- EPR effective abbreviation of ethylene propylene rubber or ethylene propylene elastomer
- EPDM usual abbreviation of ethylene propylene diene rubber or ethylene-propylene-diene elastomer
- polybutadiene the acrylonitrile-butadiene copolymer
- polyisoprene polyisoprene
- isoprene-acrylonitrile copolymer the isoprene-acrylonitrile copolymer.
- the shock PS can be obtained (i) either by mixing PS with elastomers such as polybutadiene, copolymers of butadiene and acrylonitrile, polyisoprene or isoprene-acrylonitrile copolymers, (ii) or more usually by grafting the styrene (graft polymerization) on a trunk of polybutadiene or of butadiene-acrylonitrile copolymer.
- elastomers such as polybutadiene, copolymers of butadiene and acrylonitrile, polyisoprene or isoprene-acrylonitrile copolymers
- Styrenic polymers also include the polymers listed above, part of the styrenic monomer or monomers of which is replaced by unsaturated monomers which can be copolymerized with styrenic monomers, and in particular (meth) acrylic esters.
- styrene copolymers examples include styrene-chorostyrene copolymers, styrene-propylene copolymers, styrene-butadiene copolymers, styrene-isoprene copolymers, styrene-vinyl chloride copolymers, styrene-acetate copolymers vinyl, styrene-alkyl acrylate copolymers (methyl acrylate, ethyl, butyl, octyl, phenyl, ...), styrene-alkyl methacrylate copolymers (methyl methacrylate, ethyl, butyl, octyl, phenyl, ...), styrene-methyl chloroacrylate copolymers and styrene-acrylonitrile- (meth) acrylate copolymers.
- polystyrene examples include FINAPRENE® (SBS & SBR), KRALON® (ABS), KRATON® (SBS & SEBS), LACQRAN® (ABS), LACQRENE® (PS and PS modified shock) LACQSAN® (SAN) DYLARC® (SMA) (poly styrene.
- Maleic co-anhydride with high maleic anhydride content examples include poly styrene.
- polymers which are capable of generating free compounds with the possible other constituents of the polymer composition include additives, adjuvants, stabilizers, plasticizers, polymerization catalysts, dyes, pigments, lubricants, flame retardants, reinforcements, polymerization solvents and / or fillers, etc.
- functionalized polyolefins carrying at least one carboxylic acid or anhydride function carboxylic acid.
- the functionalized polyolefins can be non-functionalized polyolefin polymers with reactive units (functionalities); non-functionalized polyolefins are conventionally homo- or copolymer or copolymers of alpha olefins or of diolefins, such as, for example, ethylene, propylene, butene-1, octene-1, butadiene.
- non-functionalized polyolefins are conventionally homo- or copolymer or copolymers of alpha olefins or of diolefins, such as, for example, ethylene, propylene, butene-1, octene-1, butadiene.
- LDPE low density polyethylene
- HDPE high density polyethylene
- LLDPE linear low density polyethylene
- VLDPE very low density polyethylene
- metallocene polyethylene metallocene polyethylene
- ethylene / alpha-olefin copolymers such as ethylene / propylene, EPR (abbreviation of ethylene-propylene-rubber, i.e. ethylene-propylene rubber) and ethylene / propylene / diene (EPDM) .
- EPR abbreviation of ethylene-propylene-rubber, i.e. ethylene-propylene rubber
- EPDM ethylene / propylene / diene
- SEBS styrene / ethylene-butene / styrene
- SBS styrene / butadiene / styrene
- SIS styrene / isoprene / styrene
- SEPS styrene / ethylene-propylene / styrene
- the non-functionalized polyolefins are chosen from homopolymers or copolymers of propylene and any homopolymer of ethylene or copolymer of ethylene and of a comonomer of alpha olefinic type such as propylene, butene, hexene, l octene or 4-methyl 1 -pentene.
- examples include PP, high density PE, medium density PE, linear low density PE, low density PE, very low density PE.
- polyethylenes are known to those skilled in the art as being produced according to a “radical” process, according to a “Ziegler” type catalysis or, more recently, according to a so-called “metallocene” catalysis.
- the non-functionalized polyolefins can also be chosen from amorphous polyalphaolefins (APAO).
- APAO amorphous polyalphaolefins
- the APAOs derived from ethylene, propylene, butene or hexene are used.
- ethylene propylene butene copolymers with a high butene content or ethylene propylene butene copolymers with a high propylene content or homo or copolymers of butene are used.
- the reactive units or functionalities are the acid or anhydride functions.
- the preceding polyolefins grafted or co- or ter polymerized by carboxylic acids or the corresponding salts or esters such as (meth) acrylic acid or also by anhydrides of carboxylic acids such as l maleic anhydride.
- a functionalized polyolefin is for example a PE / EPR mixture, the weight ratio of which can vary within wide limits, for example between 40/60 and 90/10, said mixture being co-grafted with an anhydride, in particular maleic anhydride, according to a grafting rate for example of 0.01 to 5% by weight.
- the functionalized polyolefins can be chosen from
- SEBS styrene / ethylene-butene / styrene
- SBS styrene / butadiene / styrene
- SIS styrene / isoprene / styrene
- SEPS styrene / ethylene-propylene / styrene
- EVA ethylene and vinyl acetate copolymers, containing up to 40% by weight of vinyl acetate
- alkyl (meth) acrylate copolymers containing up to 40% by weight of alkyl (meth) acrylate;
- the functionalized polyolefin can also be a co- or ter polymer of ethylene and at least one of the following monomers: alkyl (meth) acrylate or ester vinyl of saturated carboxylic acid and anhydride such as maleic anhydride or (meth) acrylic acid.
- alkyl (meth) acrylate denotes in the above methacrylates and C1 to C12 alkyl acrylates, and can be chosen from methyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, acrylate of n-butyl, iso butyl acrylate, ethyl-2-hexyl acrylate, cyclohexyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate and ethyl methacrylate.
- the olefinic copolymers functionalized or not mentioned above can be copolymerized in a statistical or sequenced fashion and have a linear or branched structure.
- the molecular weight, the MFI index, the density of these polyolefins can also vary to a large extent, which a person skilled in the art will appreciate.
- the MFI the usual abbreviation for Melt Flow Index, is the melt flow index. It is measured according to standard ASTM 1238.
- the functionalized polyolefins are chosen from any polymer comprising alpha olefinic units and units carrying polar reactive functions such as the carboxylic acid or carboxylic acid anhydride functions.
- polymers mention may be made ter polymers of ethylene, alkyl acrylate and maleic anhydride as some Lotader ® marketed by ATOFINA or polyolefins grafted with maleic anhydride as some OREVAC ® marketed by ATOFINA as well as terpolymers of ethylene, alkyl acrylate and (meth) acrylic acid or terpolymers of ethylene, vinyl acetate and maleic anhydride like certain OREVAC ® marketed by ATOFINA.
- polymers which are capable of generating free compounds with the possible other constituents of the polymer composition include other polymer (s), additives, adjuvants, stabilizers, plasticizers, polymerization catalysts, dyes, pigments, lubricants, flame retardants, reinforcements, polymerization solvents and / or fillers, etc.
- fluoropolymers corresponding to polymers having in their chain at least one chosen monomer among the compounds containing a vinyl group capable of opening to polymerize and which contain, directly attached to this vinyl group, at least one fluorine atom, a fluoroalkyl group or a fluoroalkoxy group.
- the trapping method according to the invention comprises a step where the trapping additive (s) are brought into contact and mixed in an intimate and homogeneous manner with the polymer composition; this mixing can take place during the manufacture of the composition itself, for example during the formulation of the polymers on the basis of the composition with additives and / or fillers and / or during its transformation into semi-finished articles ( films, inserts, masterbatches, etc.) or finished (molded objects, mono- or multilayer films, composite materials, laminates, etc.) by known techniques such as extrusion, extrusion blow molding, slush molding, injection, injection -blowing, calendering, coating, sheathing, thermoforming, profiling, tube shaping, etc.
- the trapping additive or additives are added wholly or in part to the polymer composition in the form of a masterbatch.
- the invention also relates to polymer compositions, preferably in solid form, comprising:
- polymers capable of generating free compounds with any other constituents of the polymer composition (other polymer (s), additives, adjuvants, stabilizers, plasticizers, polymerization catalysts, dyes, pigments, lubricants, flame retardants, reinforcements, polymerization solvents and / or fillers, etc.), during the preparation, shaping and / or transformation of the composition as defined above, - optionally additives and / or fillers for polymers, and in particular compounds intended to adsorb polar and / or small compounds, such as zeolites,
- one or more free compounds as defined above at a content generally less than or equal to 2,000 ppm, and preferably less than or equal to 1,000 ppm, and advantageously less than or equal to 500 ppm.
- the trapping additive is added in an amount sufficient to reduce the amount of free compounds in the polymer composition. This quantity is defined by a person skilled in the art as a function of the desired result, that is to say the percentage of trapping of volatile compounds or else the desired final content of free compounds.
- the polymer composition preferably in solid form, comprises up to 10% by weight of one or more trapping additives as defined above.
- the trapping method according to the invention is effective when it is used for polymer compositions whose content of free compounds is less than or equal to 2,000 ppm, preferably less than or equal to 1,000 ppm, and advantageously less than or equal to 500 ppm.
- the effectiveness of the trapping additive (s) is likely to be less important for contents of free compounds much greater than the value of 2,000 ppm.
- the trapping additive can be introduced into the composition either pure or in the form of a masterbatch.
- the masterbatch generally comprises from 20 to 80 parts by weight of at least one of the polymers constituting the base or binder of said masterbatch and 80 to 20 parts by weight of the trapping additive.
- the choice of the binder of the masterbatch will be made according to known appraisal criteria such as compatibility, miscibility and / or processability with the trapping additive and with the polymers present in the polymer composition (which are not necessarily identical to those which are present in the polymer composition).
- the binder of the masterbatch will for example be chosen from copolymers of ethylene, of the ethylene / vinyl acetate (EVA) or ethylene / (meth) alkyl acrylate type, for example the ethylene / vinyl acetate or ethylene / (meth) acrylate copolymers marketed by ATOFINA under the names EVATANE® and LOTRYL® respectively.
- EXAMPLE 1 Manufacturing of a raw dashboard skin
- a formulation is prepared by dry mixing of 47% by weight of a formulation A and of 53% by weight of a formulation B, the constituents of which (parts by weight) are indicated below:
- the formulations A and B were previously prepared by compounding on a twin-screw extruder.
- LOTADER® 8900 is an ethylene / methyl acrylate / glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) terpolymer sold by ATOFINA, from MFI 6 (190 ° C. under a load of 2.16 kg) and containing 28% by weight of units derived from acrylate and 7.8% of units derived from GMA.
- GMA ethylene / methyl acrylate / glycidyl methacrylate
- LOTADER® 7500 is an ethylene / methyl acrylate / maleic anhydride (MAH) terpolymer marketed by ATOFINA, of MFI 70 (190 ° C under a load of 2.16 kg) and containing 20% by weight of units derived from acrylate and 3% of units derived from MAH.
- MAH ethylene / methyl acrylate / maleic anhydride
- REGALITE R 1125 is a tackifying resin
- IRGAFOS 168 is an antioxidant
- IRGANOX 1010 is an antioxidant (tetrakis- [methylene-3-di-t-butyl-3,5-hydroxyphenyl) propionate] methane)
- LUCALEN 3110 M is an ethylene / butyl acrylate / acrylic acid copolymer sold by BASELL containing 8% by weight of derivative units acrylate and 4% by weight of units derived from acrylic acid of MFI 6-8 (190 ° C. under a load of 2.16 kg).
- cryogenic grinding is carried out until the average particle size is close to 200 ⁇ m and then the powder with 2 parts by weight of magnesium stearate is introduced into a rapid mixer. and 0.6 parts by weight of AEROSIL silica (micronized silica) per 100 parts of formulated powder.
- AEROSIL silica micronized silica
- the nickel mold for dashboard is treated at 100 ° C. with a release agent and baking is carried out at 120 ° C. for 20 minutes.
- the powder is deposited in excess on a mold at a temperature between 180 and 280 ° C (the mold was placed at least 20 min in an oven at 340 ° C), the excess powder is removed after 15 s of contact .
- the film formed on the mold is
- a dashboard skin is prepared from the powder described in Example 1, to which one of the trapping additives has been added in amounts of between 1 and 5 parts by weight.
- the trapping additives are active carbon sold by the applicant under the name ACTICARBONE®.
- the characteristics, including the porosity and surface characteristics of these 2 trapping additives, are indicated below: Trapping additive activated carbon 3 S activated carbon CXV specific surface BET (m 2 / g) 979 1,521 microporous volume (cm 3 / g) 0.38 0.596 mesoporous volume (cm 3 / g) 0.385 0.668 macroporous volume (cm 3 / g ) 0.198 0.38 total pore volume (cm 3 / g) 0.963 1.644
- dashboard skins are prepared from the powder described in Example 1, to which 1 or 2 trapping additives may or may not be added in quantities of between 1 and 5 parts by weight.
- the trapping additives are active carbon sold by the applicant under the name ACTICARBONE®.
- the porosity and surface characteristics of these trapping additives are as follows:
- ENO 25K SM LSM BET specific surface (m 2 / g) 1830 755 875 917 microporous volume (cm 3 / g) 0.727 0.321 0.341 0.358 mesoporous volume (cm 3 / g) 0.818 0.129 0.265 0.283 macroporous volume (cm 3 / g) 0.498 0.113 0.134 0.134 total pore volume (cm 3 / g) 2.043 0.563 0.740 0.775
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Nanotechnology (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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EP03796174A EP1569991A1 (fr) | 2002-12-11 | 2003-12-05 | Procede de piegeage de composes libres contenus dans une composition polymerique |
AU2003298425A AU2003298425A1 (en) | 2002-12-11 | 2003-12-05 | Method of trapping free compounds contained in a polymer composition |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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FR02/15629 | 2002-12-11 | ||
FR0215629A FR2848562B1 (fr) | 2002-12-11 | 2002-12-11 | Procede de piegeage de composes libres contenus dans une composition polymerique |
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WO2004063261A1 true WO2004063261A1 (fr) | 2004-07-29 |
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PCT/FR2003/003603 WO2004063261A1 (fr) | 2002-12-11 | 2003-12-05 | Procede de piegeage de composes libres contenus dans une composition polymerique |
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Country | Link |
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EP (1) | EP1569991A1 (fr) |
AU (1) | AU2003298425A1 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR2848562B1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2004063261A1 (fr) |
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FR2967081A1 (fr) * | 2010-11-08 | 2012-05-11 | Lorraine Inst Nat Polytech | Procede de purification d'un melange visqueux contenant un ou plusieurs contaminants |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO1992013899A1 (fr) * | 1991-02-07 | 1992-08-20 | Neste Oy | Procede permettant d'eliminer les matieres indesirables dans la production des materiaux plastiques |
EP0587293A1 (fr) * | 1992-08-12 | 1994-03-16 | Courtaulds Textiles (Holdings) Limited | Revêtement anti-brié |
EP0588459A1 (fr) * | 1992-09-18 | 1994-03-23 | Rohm And Haas Company | Procédé d'élimination de composés organiques instantanement oxydables de courants gazeux |
DE19638086A1 (de) * | 1996-09-11 | 1998-03-12 | Basf Ag | Verfahren zur Minderung der Geruchsemission wässriger Polymerisatdispersionen |
WO1998025974A1 (fr) * | 1996-12-12 | 1998-06-18 | E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Perfectionnement d'une composition pour emballage |
-
2002
- 2002-12-11 FR FR0215629A patent/FR2848562B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2003
- 2003-12-05 AU AU2003298425A patent/AU2003298425A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2003-12-05 WO PCT/FR2003/003603 patent/WO2004063261A1/fr not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2003-12-05 EP EP03796174A patent/EP1569991A1/fr not_active Ceased
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO1992013899A1 (fr) * | 1991-02-07 | 1992-08-20 | Neste Oy | Procede permettant d'eliminer les matieres indesirables dans la production des materiaux plastiques |
EP0587293A1 (fr) * | 1992-08-12 | 1994-03-16 | Courtaulds Textiles (Holdings) Limited | Revêtement anti-brié |
EP0588459A1 (fr) * | 1992-09-18 | 1994-03-23 | Rohm And Haas Company | Procédé d'élimination de composés organiques instantanement oxydables de courants gazeux |
DE19638086A1 (de) * | 1996-09-11 | 1998-03-12 | Basf Ag | Verfahren zur Minderung der Geruchsemission wässriger Polymerisatdispersionen |
WO1998025974A1 (fr) * | 1996-12-12 | 1998-06-18 | E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Perfectionnement d'une composition pour emballage |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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FR2848562B1 (fr) | 2006-07-07 |
AU2003298425A1 (en) | 2004-08-10 |
EP1569991A1 (fr) | 2005-09-07 |
FR2848562A1 (fr) | 2004-06-18 |
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