WO2004051680A1 - 電気二重層コンデンサ用の分極性電極及び電気二重層コンデンサ用の分極性電極の製造方法並びに電気二重層コンデンサの製造方法 - Google Patents
電気二重層コンデンサ用の分極性電極及び電気二重層コンデンサ用の分極性電極の製造方法並びに電気二重層コンデンサの製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2004051680A1 WO2004051680A1 PCT/JP2003/015095 JP0315095W WO2004051680A1 WO 2004051680 A1 WO2004051680 A1 WO 2004051680A1 JP 0315095 W JP0315095 W JP 0315095W WO 2004051680 A1 WO2004051680 A1 WO 2004051680A1
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- electrode
- electric double
- layer capacitor
- polarizable electrode
- vacuum drying
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
- H01G11/84—Processes for the manufacture of hybrid or EDL capacitors, or components thereof
- H01G11/86—Processes for the manufacture of hybrid or EDL capacitors, or components thereof specially adapted for electrodes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
- H01G11/22—Electrodes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
- H01G11/22—Electrodes
- H01G11/30—Electrodes characterised by their material
- H01G11/32—Carbon-based
- H01G11/38—Carbon pastes or blends; Binders or additives therein
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/13—Energy storage using capacitors
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a polarizable electrode for an electric double-layer capacitor, a polarizable electrode for an electric double-layer capacitor, and a method for manufacturing an electric double-layer capacitor.
- the present invention relates to a polarizable electrode for an electric double layer capacitor, a method for manufacturing the same, and a method for manufacturing an electric double layer capacitor.
- Electric double-layer capacitors have farad-class large capacities and have excellent charge / discharge cycle characteristics, and are therefore used in applications such as backup power supplies for electric equipment and in-vehicle batteries.
- This electric double layer capacitor includes a pair of polarizable electrodes, a separator disposed between the polarizable electrodes, and an electrolyte.
- the polarizable electrodes separated by the separator are configured to act as an anode and a cathode, respectively.
- Activated carbon having fine pores is usually used as a material for the polarizable electrode of such an electric double layer capacitor.
- the electrolyte ion in the electrolyte solution is adsorbed and collected in the pores of the activated carbon to form an electric double layer, which forms the anode and cathode of the capacitor.
- a manufacturing method described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 7-105316 is disclosed.
- the production method described in this document is to form a mixture of activated carbon powder, a fluoropolymer resin, and a liquid lubricant (lubricating solvent) into a sheet, and then heat and extract the liquid lubricant. Is to remove it.
- This document does not disclose any specific means and to what extent the liquid lubricant is removed.
- activated carbon used for electric double-layer capacitors originally has a property that it has an excellent ability to adsorb chemical substances, and this adsorption ability is derived from the existence of the pores of the activated carbon described above.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a polarizable electrode having a small amount of a residual solvent such as a lubricating solvent, a method for manufacturing the same, and a method for manufacturing an electric double layer capacitor.
- the present invention takes the following measures.
- the polarizable electrode for example, the polarizable electrode 11 in the embodiment
- the polarizable electrode for the electric double-layer capacitor of the present invention is formed by binding activated carbon powder (for example, the activated carbon 1 in the embodiment) to a binder (for example, PTFE 2 in the embodiment). ) Is mixed, and the concentration of the organic compound (for example, residual IPA, DIPE, propylene, acetone, etc. in the embodiment) contained in the polarizable electrode is 300 (ppm) with respect to the weight of the polarizable electrode. It is characterized as follows. The organic compound does not include the binder in the polarizable electrode.
- the concentration of the organic compound contained in the polarizable electrode is less than 300 (ppm) based on the weight of the polarizable electrode.
- the amount of organic compounds remaining on the surface is reduced, and the formation of the electric double layer due to the adsorption of electrolyte ions is not hindered.
- the organic compound remaining in the pores is denatured or decomposed electrically or detrimentally during the operation of the capacitor, and further deteriorates the characteristics of the capacitor.
- the concentration of the organic compound exceeds 300 (ppm)
- the formation of the electric double layer due to the adsorption of electrolyte ions is hindered, and the above-mentioned problem occurs, so that the polarizable electrode for the electric double layer capacitor is used. It is not preferable because the electrode performance decreases.
- the polarizable electrode for an electric double layer capacitor of the present invention (for example, the polarizable electrode 11 in the embodiment) is the polarizable electrode for an electric double layer capacitor described above, and the organic compound (for example, , Residual IPA in the embodiment, DIPE, propylene, Acetone, etc.) in a range of 150 (ppm) or more and 300 (ppm) or less based on the weight of the polarizable electrode.
- the organic compound for example, Residual IPA in the embodiment, DIPE, propylene, Acetone, etc.
- the concentration of the organic compound contained in the polarizable electrode is 150 (ppm) or more and 300 (ppm) or less, the organic compound remaining in the pores of the activated carbon powder The amount of the compound is reduced, and the formation of the electric double layer due to the adsorption of electrolyte ions is not hindered. Thereby, the electric double layer is sufficiently formed inside the pores of the activated carbon powder, and the diffusion resistance between the activated carbon powder and the electrolyte is reduced.
- the concentration of the organic compound exceeds 300 (ppm)
- the concentration of the organic compound is most preferably 0 (ppm)
- the high adsorption power of activated carbon requires high-temperature and long-time drying, which not only raises the cost but also increases the heat of the electrode body. Causes deterioration.
- the method for producing a polarizable electrode for an electric double layer capacitor comprises: an activated carbon powder (for example, activated carbon powder 1 in the embodiment), a binder (for example, PTFE2 in the embodiment) and an organic solvent for lubrication.
- an activated carbon powder for example, activated carbon powder 1 in the embodiment
- a binder for example, PTFE2 in the embodiment
- IPA3 in the embodiment
- an electrode forming step for example, from a raw material mixing process ST1 to a sheeting / rolling process ST4 in the embodiment
- the organic compound remaining in the electrode for example, residual IPA, DI PE, propylene, acetone, etc. in the embodiment
- a vacuum drying step for example, a vacuum drying step ST8 in the embodiment for removing the liquid until the pressure becomes zero.
- the organic compound remaining in the electrode is removed by the vacuum drying step until the concentration of the organic compound becomes 150 (ppm) or more and 300 (ppm) or less with respect to the weight of the polarizable electrode.
- the electrode drying for heating and removing the organic solvent for lubrication is performed.
- a step (for example, the continuous drying step ST 6 in the embodiment) may be performed. It is preferable that the amount of the organic compound remaining on the electrode after performing the electrode drying step be 800 (ppm) or less.
- an organic compound such as a lubricating organic solvent remaining after the electrode forming step is removed by a vacuum drying step until the concentration becomes 300 ppm or less. It is possible to reduce the amount of the organic compound remaining in the pores of the activated carbon, and it is possible to prevent the formation of the electric double layer by the adsorption of the electrolyte ion to the activated carbon powder. As a result, an electric double layer is sufficiently formed inside the pores of the activated carbon powder, and a polarizable electrode having a small diffusion resistance between the activated carbon powder and the electrolyte can be obtained.
- an electrode drying step of heating and removing the organic solvent for lubrication is performed after the electrode forming step, most of the organic compounds such as the organic solvent for lubrication can be removed before the vacuum drying step. This makes it possible to easily remove the organic compounds such as the organic solvent for lubrication, which could not be completely removed in the electrode drying step, to a concentration of 300 (ppm) or less by the vacuum drying step. That is, the vacuum drying time can be reduced.
- the method for producing a polarizable electrode for an electric double layer capacitor of the present invention is the method for producing a polarizable electrode for an electric double layer capacitor described above, wherein the organic compound remains after the electrode forming step.
- the organic compound remains after the electrode forming step.
- At least the lubricating organic solvent (for example, residual IPA in the embodiment) and a heat denatured product (for example, DIPE in the embodiment) generated by heating the lubricating organic solvent in the vacuum drying step are included. And special features.
- the lubricating organic solvent remaining after the electrode forming step and the lubricating organic solvent in the initial stage of the vacuum drying step are included in the polarizable electrode before vacuum drying.
- the heat denatured product generated by heating the solvent and a trace amount of organic impurities contained in the atmosphere of a series of manufacturing processes are adsorbed.
- the electric double layer is sufficiently formed inside the pores of the activated carbon powder, and the activated carbon powder is removed.
- a polarizable electrode having a small diffusion resistance between the powder and the electrolyte can be obtained.
- the method for manufacturing the electric double layer capacitor of the present invention includes a method of manufacturing a pair of polarizable electrodes (for example, a mixture of activated carbon powder (for example, activated carbon powder 1 in the embodiment) and a binder (for example, PTFE2 in the embodiment)).
- a pair of polarizable electrodes for example, a mixture of activated carbon powder (for example, activated carbon powder 1 in the embodiment) and a binder (for example, PTFE2 in the embodiment)).
- An electric double-layer capacitor for example, a separator 11 (for example, the separator 13 in the embodiment) disposed between the pair of polarizable electrodes 11 and 11) and an electrolytic solution.
- the method for manufacturing the electric double layer capacitor 17) according to the embodiment includes an activated carbon powder (for example, the activated carbon powder 1) in the embodiment, a binder (for example, PTFE2 in the embodiment), and an organic solvent for lubrication (for example, An electrode forming step (for example, from the raw material mixing step ST1 to the sheet rolling / rolling step ST4 in the embodiment) in which the material is kneaded with the IPA3 of the embodiment to form a sheet.
- an activated carbon powder for example, the activated carbon powder 1 in the embodiment
- a binder for example, PTFE2 in the embodiment
- an organic solvent for lubrication for example,
- An electrode forming step for example, from the raw material mixing step ST1 to the sheet rolling / rolling step ST4 in the embodiment in which the material is kneaded with the IPA3 of the embodiment to form a sheet.
- a winding step for example, a winding body (for example, the winding body 14 in the embodiment) obtained by overlapping and winding the electrode and a separator (for example, the separator 13 in the embodiment) to obtain a winding body (for example, the winding body 14 in the embodiment).
- the winding step ST7 and the organic compound remaining in the wound body after the wound body is inserted into the capacitor container is vacuum-dried to a concentration of 300 (ppm) or less with respect to the weight of the polarizable electrode.
- a vacuum drying step for example, a vacuum drying step ST8 in the embodiment to remove the electrolyte solution until it reaches a temperature, It is characterized by comprising.
- an electrode drying step of heating and removing the organic solvent for lubrication (for example, a continuous drying step ST6 in the embodiment) may be performed. It is preferable that the amount of the organic compound remaining on the electrode after performing the electrode drying step is 800 (ppm) or less.
- the organic conjugate such as a lubricating organic solvent remaining after the electrode forming step is subjected to a vacuum drying step to a concentration of 300 (ppm) or less based on the weight of the polarizable electrode.
- the amount of organic compounds remaining in the pores of the activated carbon powder can be reduced, and the formation of an electric double layer due to adsorption of the electrolyte ion on the activated carbon powder can be prevented.
- the electric double layer is sufficiently formed inside the pores of the activated carbon powder, and a polarizable electrode having a small diffusion resistance between the activated carbon powder and the electrolyte can be obtained.
- the vacuum drying step immediately before the liquid injection step there is no possibility that organic impurities contained in the atmosphere of the series of manufacturing steps are re-adsorbed to the polarizable electrode.
- the method for manufacturing an electric double layer capacitor according to the present invention is the method for manufacturing an electric double layer capacitor described above, wherein the organic compound includes the lubricating organic solvent remaining after the electrode forming step (for example, It is characterized by containing at least a residual IPA in the form and a thermally denatured product (for example, DIPE in the embodiment) generated by heating the lubricating organic solvent in the vacuum drying step.
- the organic compound includes the lubricating organic solvent remaining after the electrode forming step (for example, It is characterized by containing at least a residual IPA in the form and a thermally denatured product (for example, DIPE in the embodiment) generated by heating the lubricating organic solvent in the vacuum drying step.
- the lubricating organic solvent remaining after the electrode forming step and the lubricating organic solvent in the initial stage of the vacuum drying step The heat denatured product generated by heating and a small amount of organic impurities contained in the atmosphere of a series of manufacturing processes are adsorbed. By removing these by vacuum drying, an electric double layer is sufficiently formed inside the pores of the activated carbon powder, and an electric double layer capacitor having a small diffusion resistance between the activated carbon powder and the electrolyte can be obtained.
- FIG. 1 is a process diagram illustrating a method for manufacturing an electric double layer capacitor.
- FIG. 2 is a process diagram illustrating a method for manufacturing an electric double layer capacitor.
- FIG. 3 is a process chart illustrating a method for manufacturing an electric double layer condenser.
- FIG. 4 is a graph showing the relationship between the amount of residual IPA remaining on the polarizing electrode and the drying time in vacuum drying.
- Figure 5 shows the amount of all organic compounds remaining on the polarizable electrode and the drying time in vacuum drying.
- 6 is a graph showing a relationship with the graph.
- FIG. 6 is a graph showing the relationship between the initial resistance value of the internal resistance of the electric double layer capacitor and the drying time of vacuum drying.
- FIG. 7 is a graph showing the relationship between the resistance increase rate of the electric double layer capacitor and the drying time of vacuum drying.
- FIG. 8 is a graph showing the relationship between the total amount of organic compounds and water contained in the polarizable electrode after the vacuum drying step and the drying time of the vacuum drying when the continuous drying step is not performed.
- FIG. 9 is a graph showing the relationship between the total amount of organic compounds and water contained in the polarizable electrode after the vacuum drying step and the drying time of the vacuum drying when the continuous drying step was performed.
- the method for producing an electric double layer capacitor of the present invention comprises: an electrode forming step of kneading activated carbon powder, a binder, and an organic solvent for lubrication to form a sheet; and laminating and winding the electrode and the separator.
- an electrode drying step of heating and removing the lubricating organic solvent may be performed between the electrode forming step and the winding step.
- 1 to 3 show process diagrams for explaining the content of each process. Hereinafter, each step will be sequentially described with reference to FIGS.
- FIG. 1 shows a process diagram of an electrode forming process in which activated carbon powder, a binder, and a lubricating organic solvent are kneaded to form a sheet.
- the electrode forming process includes a raw material mixing process ST1 shown in FIG. 1A, a kneading process ST2 shown in FIG. 1B, a pulverizing process ST3 shown in FIG. 1C, and a sheet forming / rolling process ST shown in FIG. 1D. It consists of four.
- a raw material for a polarizable electrode is put into a stirrer 31 and mixed to obtain a mixed powder 5.
- the raw materials to be charged are activated carbon powder 1, polyfluoroethylene 2 (hereinafter, referred to as PTFE 2), isopropyl alcohol 3 (hereinafter, referred to as IPA 3), and power pump rack 4 (hereinafter, referred to as CB4).
- PTFE 2 polyfluoroethylene 2
- IPA 3 isopropyl alcohol 3
- CB4 power pump rack 4
- the stirrer 31 for example, a general stirrer with a single shaft blade or the like can be used.
- Activated carbon 1 can be used, for example, after firing and carbonizing a non-graphitic material such as phenolic resin, performing an activation treatment (activation treatment) with water vapor or the like, and further pulverizing.
- PTFE2 binder
- IPA3 organic solvent for lubrication
- CB 4 is for imparting conductivity to the polarizable electrode. Is not limited to IPA, and other alcohols, ketones, etc. may be used, and CB4 may be acetylene plaque, ketjen black, or the like.
- the mixing ratio of each raw material is preferably, for example, 96 to 50 parts by weight of activated carbon 1, 2 to 20 parts by weight of PTFE2, 2 to 80 parts by weight of IPA3, and 0 to 20 parts by weight of CB4.
- the mixed powder 5 obtained in the raw material mixing step ST1 is put into a kneader 32 and kneaded, whereby a shear force is applied to the mixed powder to convert the PTFE 2 into a fiber. And the mixed powder is made into a lump 6.
- a kneader 32 for example, a general twin-screw kneader can be used.
- the lump 6 obtained in the kneading step ST2 is pulverized by the pulverizer 33 to obtain a granular substance.
- the pulverization is preferably performed, for example, until the particle size of the granular material becomes about 0 :!
- the crusher 33 for example, a general shear type crusher or the like can be used.
- a sheet molding machine 34 as shown in FIG. 1D is used.
- the sheet forming machine 34 includes a hopper 34a for charging the granular material 7 and a pair of rollers 34b, 34b arranged on the outlet side of the hopper 34a.
- the sheet 9 is obtained by being supplied between the rollers 34b and 34b and compressed. Subsequently, the sheet 9 is applied to a pair of rolling rollers 3.
- the sheet 8 for an electrode is obtained by sending to a rolling mill 35 composed of 5a and performing rolling. Rolling is preferably performed until the thickness of the electrode sheet 8 becomes about 130 to 160 m.
- FIG. 2 shows a process diagram of an electrode drying process in which IPA 3 (organic solvent for lubrication) is removed by heating to obtain a polarizable electrode.
- the electrode drying step includes a current collector bonding step ST5 shown in FIG. 2A and a continuous drying step ST6 shown in FIG. 2B.
- FIG. 2C is a perspective view of the electrode body.
- the continuous drying step ST6 is not an essential step in the present invention, but by performing this step, the concentration of the organic compound in the polarization electrode is reduced in advance, and the drying time in the vacuum drying step is reduced. Becomes possible.
- a bonding device 36 is used to collect and collect the electrode sheet 8 obtained in the sheeting and rolling step ST4 from an A1 foil.
- the electrode body sheet 10 is obtained by bonding the body 19.
- the bonding device 36 includes a transfer port 36a for applying the adhesive 11 to the current collector 19 and a bonding agent filled with the adhesive 11 for supplying the adhesive to the transfer roller 36a. It is composed of a developer container 36b, a current collector feed roller 36c opposed to the transfer roller 36a, and a sheet feeder 36d. The transfer roller 36a and the current collector roller 36c rotate and the current collector 19 is sent out, and at the same time, the adhesive 11 is applied to one surface of the current collector 19 by the transfer roller 36a.
- the electrode sheet 8 supplied from the sheet feeder 36 d is bonded to one surface of the current collector 19 via the adhesive 11.
- the electrode body sheet 10 is obtained.
- the electrode body sheet 10 shown in FIG. 2A has the electrode sheet 8 bonded to only one side of the current collector 19, but by repeating the process ST5, both sides of the current collector 19 are obtained.
- electrode body sheet 10 in which activated carbon powder 1 is arranged on both surfaces of current collector 19 is obtained.
- the electrode body sheet 10 obtained in the current collector bonding step ST5 is introduced into the continuous heating furnace 37 and heated to be included in the electrode sheet.
- the IPA 3 is removed by heating.
- the adhesive used for bonding the current collector 19 and the electrode sheet 8 in the preceding step ST5 is dried.
- the continuous drying oven 37 includes a transport path 37a through which the electrode body sheet 10 passes, and a pair of heating devices 37b and 37b opposed to each other across the transport path 37a. Heating device 37b, 37b is transported It is arranged along the transport direction of the road 37a. Further, the heating devices 37 b and 37 b can employ various types of drying methods, for example, types such as hot air drying and far infrared drying.
- a material that can heat the electrode body sheet 10 to a temperature higher than the boiling point of the organic solvent for lubrication (IPA 3) is preferable.
- IPA 3 organic solvent for lubrication
- the electrode body sheet 10 is transported from the upstream of the continuous drying oven 37 on the transport path 37 al, and is placed between the pair of drying devices 37 b and 37 b. IPA is volatilized and removed by heating by passing through the electrode sheet 10.
- the amount of the organic compound remaining in the electrode sheet 10 after the continuous drying step ST6 is preferably 800 (ppm) or less.
- concentration preferably 800 (ppm) or less.
- an electrode body 12 having a polarizable electrode 11 attached to both surfaces of a current collector 19 is formed. Is obtained.
- FIG. 3 shows a winding step ST7, a vacuum drying step ST8, and an injection step ST9.
- the electrode body 12 (the polarizable electrode 11) and the separator 13 are overlaid and wound to obtain a wound body 14. That is, as shown in Fig. 3A Then, a separator 13 is arranged between the pair of electrode bodies 12 and 12, and then the electrode bodies 12 and 12 and the separator 13 are simultaneously wound as shown in FIG. 3B. Wound body 14 is used.
- the electrolytic solution component volatilized in the atmosphere for example, propylene carbonate (hereinafter referred to as PC)
- PC propylene carbonate
- acetone or alcohol may be re-adsorbed to the activated carbon powder of the polarizable electrode 11.
- organic compounds these re-adsorbed volatile components and the above-mentioned residual IPA, DIPE, propylene and the like are collectively referred to as “organic compounds”.
- the wound body 14 obtained in the winding step ST7 is introduced into the capacitor container 15, and thereafter, the wound body 14 (Polarizable electrode 11) Organic compounds remaining in (Polarizable electrode 11) are removed by vacuum drying until the concentration becomes 300 (ppm) or less, more preferably 150 (ppm) or more and 300 (ppm) or less. I do.
- the wound body 14 is evacuated together with the capacitor container 15 as shown in FIG. 3C. It was placed in a dryer 3 8, 1 0 P a 1 at pressures 2 0 D wound body 1 4 C over 2 0 0 ° C below the temperature (polarizable electrodes 1 1) dried under vacuum.
- the drying time is preferably 40 hours or more when the continuous drying step ST6 is performed, and is preferably 72 hours or more when the continuous drying step ST6 is omitted.
- the organic compound remaining on the polarizable electrode 11 is reduced to 300 (ppm) or less, more preferably 150 (ppm) or more and 300 (ppm) or less with respect to the weight of the polarizable electrode. Remove until concentration in range. That is, it is removed by vacuum drying until the total amount of re-adsorbed components such as PC, acetone, alcohol, etc., residual IPA, DIPE, propylene, etc. is less than 300 (ppm).
- the concentration of the organic compound exceeds 300 (ppm)
- the concentration of the organic compound is most preferably 0 (ppin)
- the concentration of the compound is in the range of 150 to 300 (ppm)
- the formation of the electric double layer is not largely hindered, and the diffusion resistance between the activated carbon powder and the electrolyte becomes excessive. There is no possibility that the electrode performance will drop significantly.
- the electrolyte is injected from the nozzle 39, and the sealing body 16 is joined to the capacitor container 15 by welding or the like.
- an electric double layer capacitor 17 is obtained.
- the electrolyte a solution in which quaternary ammonium salt is dissolved in PC can be used.
- the polarizable electrode 11 for the electric double layer capacitor described above is a mixture of activated carbon powder 1 and PTFE 2, and the residual IPA, DIPE, propylene, PC, acetone, The concentration of organic compounds such as alcohols becomes 300 (ppm) or less. Therefore, according to the polarizable electrode 11, the amount of the organic compound remaining in the pores of the activated carbon powder is reduced, so that there is no possibility that the formation of the electric double layer by the adsorption of the electrolyte ions is hindered. Thereby, an electric double layer is sufficiently formed inside the pores of the activated carbon powder, and the diffusion resistance between the activated carbon powder and the electrolyte can be reduced.
- the concentration of the organic compound is most preferably 0 (ppm)
- the residual IPA remaining after the electrode forming steps ST1 to ST4 is removed by the vacuum drying step ST8 until the concentration becomes less than 300 (ppm). Therefore, the amount of the organic compound remaining in the pores of the activated carbon powder can be reduced, and the formation of the electric double layer due to the adsorption of the electrolyte ions to the activated carbon powder can be prevented. As a result, an electric double layer is sufficiently formed inside the pores of the activated carbon powder, and a polarizable electrode 11 having a small diffusion resistance between the activated carbon powder and the electrolyte is obtained.
- the vacuum drying step ST8 is provided immediately before the injection step ST9, so that the organic compounds contained in the atmosphere of the series of manufacturing steps are polarizable. There is no risk of re-adsorption to the electrode 11.
- the vacuum drying step ST 8 at least before the vacuum drying step ST 8, at least residual IPA is adsorbed in the polarizing electrode 11, and the vacuum drying step ST 8 In the initial stage, the residual IPA is heated, and the heat denatured product, DIPE, is adsorbed, and a small amount of volatile organic substances contained in the atmosphere of a series of manufacturing processes are also adsorbed. By removing these by vacuum drying, an electric double layer is sufficiently formed inside the pores of the activated carbon powder, and an electric double layer capacitor 17 having a smaller diffusion resistance between the activated carbon powder and the electrolyte can be obtained. .
- activated carbon powder was produced as follows. First, carbonization treatment was performed by holding the phenol resin in a nitrogen stream at 900 ° C. for 2 hours. Next, the obtained raw material carbon-containing re-heated in a nitrogen stream, by flowing 5% steam and 5% diacid of nitrogen mixed gas containing carbon Upon reaching 8 0 0 D C, 9 0 The activation treatment was performed by holding at 0 ° C for 2 hours. The activated carbon thus obtained was pulverized with a pole mill until the average particle diameter became about 2 to 15 m to obtain activated carbon powder.
- an electrode forming step of kneading the obtained activated carbon powder, a binder (polytetrafluoroethylene) and an organic solvent for lubrication (isopropyl alcohol (IPA)) to form a sheet was performed. That is, with respect to 84 parts by weight of the obtained activated carbon powder, 8 parts by weight of polytetrafluoroethylene powder (for example, Teflon 6J (registered trademark) manufactured by DuPont-Mitsui Fluorochemicals Co., Ltd.) Parts by weight of acetylene black (for example, Denka Black (registered trademark)) was mixed.
- polytetrafluoroethylene powder for example, Teflon 6J (registered trademark) manufactured by DuPont-Mitsui Fluorochemicals Co., Ltd.
- acetylene black for example, Denka Black (registered trademark)
- an adhesive for example, G-5780A manufactured by noisychi Tape Industry Co., Ltd.
- an adhesive for example, G-5780A manufactured by noisychi Tape Industry Co., Ltd.
- the sheet was attached to both sides of the current collector to obtain an electrode body sheet (current collector bonding step).
- the electrode body sheet was cut into a length of 1200 mm to form an electrode body, and two electrode bodies were prepared.
- a 50 m thick rayon separator was sandwiched between the two electrode bodies, and the electrode body and the separator were spirally wound into a wound body (winding step).
- the obtained wound body was inserted into a hollow cylindrical capacitor container having an inner diameter of 50 mm and a height of 130 mm.
- the condenser container accommodating the wound body was placed in a vacuum dryer, and vacuum dried under the conditions of a pressure of 10-a, a temperature of 160 ° C, and a drying time of 72 hours (vacuum drying step).
- an electrolyte is prepared in which a quaternary ammonium salt (triethylmethylammonium tetrafluoroborate) is dissolved in the PC at a concentration of 1.8 mol / L, and the electrolyte is vacuum-dried.
- the electric double-layer capacitor of Example 1 was manufactured by injecting a liquid into a capacitor container (injection step) and sealing with a sealing body.
- the electric double layer capacitor of Example 2 was manufactured through the same steps as in Example 1 except that the drying time in the vacuum drying step was 96 hours.
- An electric double layer capacitor of Example 3 was manufactured through the same steps as in Example 1 except that the drying time in the vacuum drying step was set to 120 hours.
- An electric double layer capacitor of Comparative Example 1 was manufactured through the same steps as in Example 1 except that the drying time in the vacuum drying step was set to 24 hours. (Production of electric double layer condenser of Comparative Example 2)
- the electric double layer capacitor of Example 2 was manufactured through the same steps as in Example 1 except that the drying time in the vacuum drying step was set to 48 hours.
- An electric double layer capacitor of Comparative Example 3 was manufactured through the same steps as in Example 1 except that the drying time in the vacuum drying step was set to 144 hours.
- a part of the polarizable electrode after the vacuum drying step was sampled, filled in a sample tube of a thermal desorption device of ATD400 manufactured by PerkinElmer Inc., and heated at 350 ° C. for 10 minutes while flowing a Helium gas.
- the vaporized components were collected in an internal trap. This component was introduced into a gas chromatograph and analyzed for vaporized components (organic compounds).
- the column used for the gas chromatograph was SPB-1 (60 m long, 0.25 mm inside diameter, 25 m film thickness) manufactured by Spelco.
- a hydrogen flame detector (FID) was used as the detector, and the quantification was calibrated with the intensity of pentene, and was performed assuming that the peak intensity due to FID was proportional to the carbon number.
- the qualitative analysis of each peak was performed by mass spectrometry. The results of the analysis are shown in FIGS. 4 and 5 and Table 1.
- the electric double layer capacitors of Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3 were subjected to aging treatment at 60 ° C., and then the initial internal resistance was measured.
- the charging was performed at a charging current of 3 OffiA until the terminal voltage reached 2.5 V, and the resistance was measured after leaving the terminal voltage at 2.5 V for 100 hours at 45 ° C. Then, the rate of increase of the resistance value from the initial stage to 1000 hours was determined.
- the results are shown in FIGS. 6 and 7 and Table 2.
- the main organic compounds detected were isop-propyl alcohol (IPA), diisopropyl ether (DIPE), propylene, isopropyl acetate, ethanol, acetone, and acetoaldehyde.
- DIPE isop-propyl alcohol
- DIPE diisopropyl ether
- propylene isopropyl acetate
- ethanol ethanol
- acetone acetone
- acetoaldehyde acetoaldehyde
- Ethanol and acetone are considered to be components adsorbed on activated carbon from the atmosphere during the capacitor manufacturing process.
- acetoaldehyde was generated by oxidation of ethanol.
- Figure 4 shows the relationship between the amount of IPA detected, the amount of IPA remaining on the polarizable electrode after vacuum drying (hereinafter referred to as residual IPA), and the vacuum drying time.
- FIG. 5 shows the relationship between the amount of all organic compounds detected, that is, the amount of all organic compounds remaining on the polarizable electrode after vacuum drying, and the vacuum drying time.
- Table 1 shows the relationship between the amount of residual IPA, the amount of pre-organic matter, and the vacuum drying time.
- the residual IPA decreases as the drying time increases.
- the amount of the organic compound is 2799 (ppm)
- the amount of all the organic compounds is less than 300 (ppm). It turns out that it becomes.
- the drying time exceeds 120 hours, the total amount of organic compounds becomes almost constant at about 150 (ppm). This indicates that it is difficult to further reduce organic compounds due to the adsorption of activated carbon.
- FIG. 6 shows the relationship between the initial resistance value of the internal resistance of the capacitor and the vacuum drying time
- FIG. 7 shows the relationship between the resistance increase rate after 1000 hours and the vacuum drying time.
- the drying time is more than 4 0 hrs
- the initial resistance value is 8. 5 ⁇ cm 2 order of 6.
- Greatly decreases to about 3 Omega cm 2 it thereafter resistance nearly constant
- the rate of increase in resistance drops significantly from about 2.5 times the initial value of 1 to about 1.5 times, and is almost constant thereafter. It turns out that it becomes.
- the electrode sheet after the current collector bonding step is introduced into a hot air type continuous drying oven, and continuous drying (continuous drying step) is performed under the condition that hot air at a temperature of 150 ° C is blown at a flow rate of 10 L / min for 4 minutes.
- the electric double layer capacitor of Example 4 was manufactured in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the drying time in the vacuum drying step was changed to 48 hours. (Production of electric double layer capacitor of Comparative Example 4)
- Comparative Example 4 An electric double layer capacitor of Comparative Example 4 was manufactured in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the continuous drying step was not performed and the drying time in the vacuum drying step was set to 48 hours. Note that Comparative Example 4 is the same as Comparative Example 2 in Experimental Example 1.
- Example 4 For Example 4 and Comparative Example 4, the analysis of organic compounds by gas chromatography was performed in the same manner as in Experimental Example 1, and the amount of water was analyzed by a Karl Fischer device. Table 3 shows the analysis results of the polarizable electrode of Example 4. The units of the numerical values in Table 3 are all (ppm).
- Example 4 In Example 4 and Comparative Example 4, the initial resistance value and the rate of increase in resistance were measured in the same manner as in Experimental Example 1. Table 4 shows the results. Table 3
- the main organic compounds detected were isopropyl alcohol (IPA), diisopropyl ether (DIPE), propylene, isopropyl acetate, Ethanolyl, acetone, and acetoaldehyde.
- DIPE, propylene, and isopropyl acetate are considered to be compounds formed by oxidation, dehydration condensation, etc. of isopropyl alcohol in the continuous drying step and the vacuum drying step.
- Ethanol, acetone, etc. are considered to be components adsorbed from the atmosphere in the capacitor manufacturing process.
- Acetaldehyde is considered to be mainly generated by oxidation of ethanol.
- a polarizable electrode was manufactured in the same manner as in Comparative Example 4 except that the drying time in the vacuum drying step was set to 24, 72, 96, and 144 hours. The total amount of compound and water was analyzed.
- FIG. 8 shows the dependence of the total amount of organic compounds and water contained in the polarizable electrode after the vacuum drying step on the vacuum drying time when the continuous drying step was not performed.
- a polarizable electrode was produced in the same manner as in Example 4 except that the drying time in the vacuum drying step was set to 24, 72, 96, and 144 hours.
- the total amount of compound and water was analyzed.
- FIG. 9 shows the dependence of the total amount of organic compounds and moisture contained in the polarizable electrode after the vacuum drying step on the vacuum drying time when the continuous drying step was performed.
- black circles indicate the water content
- black squares indicate the organic compound amount.
- the concentration of the organic compound contained in the polarizable electrode is 300 (ppm) or less. The amount of the organic compound remaining in the pores is reduced, so that the formation of the electric double layer due to the adsorption of the electrolyte ion is not obstructed.
- the electric double layer is sufficiently formed inside the pores of the activated carbon powder, and the diffusion resistance between the activated carbon powder and the electrolyte is reduced. This makes it possible to obtain an electric double layer capacitor having a small internal resistance and a large capacitance.
- the organic compound such as a lubricating melter solvent remaining after the electrode forming step is removed by a vacuum drying step until the concentration becomes 300 (ppm) or less.
- the amount of the organic compound remaining in the pores of the activated carbon powder can be reduced, and the formation of the electric double layer due to the adsorption of the electrolyte ions to the activated carbon powder can be prevented.
- an electric double layer is sufficiently formed inside the pores of the activated carbon powder, and a polarizable electrode having a small diffusion resistance between the activated carbon powder and the electrolyte can be obtained.
- an electric double layer capacitor of the present invention since the vacuum drying step is provided immediately before the liquid injection step, organic impurities contained in the atmosphere of the series of manufacturing steps may be re-adsorbed to the polarizable electrode. And an electric double layer capacitor with a small internal resistance can be obtained.
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Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
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US10/536,321 US7057879B2 (en) | 2002-11-29 | 2003-11-26 | Polarizable electrode for electric double-layer capacitor, process for producing the polarizable electrode and process for producing the electric double-layer capacitor |
EP03812306A EP1566820A4 (en) | 2002-11-29 | 2003-11-26 | POLARIZABLE ELECTRODE FOR AN ELECTRIC DUAL LAYER CAPACITOR, PROCESS FOR PRODUCING THE POLARIZABLE ELECTRODE AND PROCESS FOR PRODUCING THE ELECTRIC DUAL LAYER CONDENSER |
JP2004556843A JPWO2004051680A1 (ja) | 2002-11-29 | 2003-11-26 | 電気二重層コンデンサ用の分極性電極及び電気二重層コンデンサ用の分極性電極の製造方法並びに電気二重層コンデンサの製造方法 |
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JP2002-349175 | 2002-11-29 | ||
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US (1) | US7057879B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1566820A4 (ja) |
JP (1) | JPWO2004051680A1 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR100694786B1 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN100446138C (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2004051680A1 (ja) |
Cited By (1)
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JP2007035770A (ja) * | 2005-07-25 | 2007-02-08 | Tdk Corp | 電気化学素子用電極の製造方法および電気化学素子の製造方法 |
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US20060238958A1 (en) * | 2005-04-25 | 2006-10-26 | Power Systems Co., Ltd. | Positive electrode for electric double layer capacitors and method for the production thereof |
CN103943377A (zh) * | 2013-01-21 | 2014-07-23 | 天津普兰纳米科技有限公司 | 多孔电极制备 |
CN104124472B (zh) * | 2013-04-26 | 2016-06-01 | 明冠新材料股份有限公司 | 一种动力锂电池铝塑膜双面涂布单次复合制备方法 |
US20150062779A1 (en) * | 2013-08-30 | 2015-03-05 | Corning Incorporated | Edlc electrode and manufacturing process thereof |
US9293268B2 (en) | 2013-11-22 | 2016-03-22 | Corning Incorporated | Ultracapacitor vacuum assembly |
US10312028B2 (en) | 2014-06-30 | 2019-06-04 | Avx Corporation | Electrochemical energy storage devices and manufacturing methods |
KR20190003793A (ko) | 2016-05-20 | 2019-01-09 | 에이브이엑스 코포레이션 | 울트라커패시터용 전극 구조 |
KR102386805B1 (ko) | 2016-05-20 | 2022-04-14 | 교세라 에이브이엑스 컴포넌츠 코포레이션 | 울트라커패시터용 비수 전해질 |
KR20180138564A (ko) | 2016-05-20 | 2018-12-31 | 에이브이엑스 코포레이션 | 고온용 울트라커패시터 |
MY195773A (en) | 2016-05-20 | 2023-02-11 | Kyocera Avx Components Corp | Multi-Cell Ultracapacitor |
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- 2003-11-26 EP EP03812306A patent/EP1566820A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2003-11-26 WO PCT/JP2003/015095 patent/WO2004051680A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2003-11-26 JP JP2004556843A patent/JPWO2004051680A1/ja active Pending
- 2003-11-26 KR KR1020057009522A patent/KR100694786B1/ko not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-11-26 US US10/536,321 patent/US7057879B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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US20060007639A1 (en) | 2006-01-12 |
KR100694786B1 (ko) | 2007-03-14 |
CN1717757A (zh) | 2006-01-04 |
CN100446138C (zh) | 2008-12-24 |
EP1566820A1 (en) | 2005-08-24 |
JPWO2004051680A1 (ja) | 2006-04-06 |
KR20050086872A (ko) | 2005-08-30 |
EP1566820A4 (en) | 2009-02-18 |
US7057879B2 (en) | 2006-06-06 |
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