Classifications

• • G—PHYSICS
  • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
  • G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • G06Q30/00—Commerce
  • G06Q30/02—Marketing; Price estimation or determination; Fundraising

Definitions

• Classifying the product can be slow and manually intensive,. especially for a company that sells a large number and variety of products to many different countries. Not only does the classification involve importing exporting country laws, but it usually involves importing country laws as well.
• regulatory classification of a product is performed by using a computer to search a database for at least one classification covering the product; outputting a classification if the classification is found in the database; and, if no classification is found, ascertaining at least one classification in a different manner and entering any ascertained classifications to the database.
• Figure 1 is an illustration of a method of performing regulatory classification of a product.
• L0 Figure 2 is an illustration of an exemplary record for a classification database.
• Figure 3 is an illustration of an entry in a conversion table.
• Figure 4 is an illustration of a method of performing an audit check.
• Figure 5 is an illustration of a classification system.
• a classification request is formulated (block 110). Included in the classification request is information about the product.
• the 0 product information might include a product name, a product number or other identifier.
• the classification request may also specify search criteria, such as region, subject matter group, and the reason for classification.
• a classification request could request classification of a machine bolt for import into the United States with respect to a specific subject matter group.
• U.S. subject matter groups include import 5 classification (e.g., Harmonized Tariff Classification), export classification (e.g., Export Commodity Control Number), toxic goods (e.g., Toxic Goods Control Act Classification), etc.
• Regions could include geographic regions (e.g., European Union) and specific countries (e.g., Germany). Regions could also include standards bodies (e.g., standards for electrical security, FCC), which are not geographically bound.
• a computer is used to search a database for at least one classification covering the product information (block 112).
• Each record 210 in the database may include an identifier 210a, a classification 210b, a region 210c, and a subject matter group 210d (see Figure 2).
• Classifications for different subject matter groups may be searched if a subject matter group is not specified in the classification request. Thus, different subject matter classifications can be found for a single product or component.
• Classifications for different regions may be searched if a region is not specified in the classification request. Typically, classifications for the following two countries will be searched: the importing country, and the exporting country. Different countries usually have different classification groups. Thus, different country classifications can be found for a single product or component.
• a classification is found (block 114) if there is an exact match between the identifier in the classification request and an identifier in a database record (and all other search criteria is satisfied).
• a classification could be found if the identifier in the classification request is similar to the identifier in the database record, provided that products having similar identifiers are assured of being in the same class. Such an assurance may be provided, for example, by a strict product numbering policy.
• the corresponding classification or classifications are outputted (block 116).
• the classifications may be outputted by outputting a file with the classification, displaying (e.g., printing, showing on a video monitor) the classification, providing the classification back to a linked application, etc.
• the identifier or other product information may be outputted with the classifications.
• Outputting the classifications may include preparing import declarations, export declarations, toxic substance declarations, and other declarations according to the subject matters supported by the classification system. If the identifier is not matched, the classification may be ascertained in a different manner.
• a classification may be derived from attributes of the product (block 118).
• Exemplary attributes include, but are not limited to, size, length, weight, capacity, resistance, performance data, whether the product includes software, whether it is recorded on CD, tape, or disc, etc.
• a decision engine for this attribute-driven classification may be built as a decision tree, where the answer to a question determines the next set of questions to be asked, or the classification if enough details have been gathered.
• Exemplary questions for a screw are as follows.
• an attempt may be made to convert the classification from one region to another. If a classification is found in one region but not another (e.g., the exporting country but not the importing country), the classification may be derived from the classification of the same product or component in a different region (block 124).
• a lookup table may be used to convert the classification of one region to the classification of another region.
• An entry 310 in the lookup table is shown in Figure 3. The entry 30 identifies the local classification 310a, a different region 310b, and a corresponding classification of that different region 310c Any converted classifications are entered in the database (block 122) and outputted (block 116).
• the classification is placed on hold for review and approval by an expert (block 128).
• the classification request is routed to the appropriate expert, depending upon area of expertise, geographic coverage, product and technical knowledge, and priority of request. Classifications found by manual review are stored in the database (block 122).
• search request does not specify a subject matter group
• all subject matter groups for a specified region will be searched.
• a lookup table may be used to identify all of the subject matter groups for each region.
• the method of Figure 1 is performed on each product indicated in a classification request. If components of the product are classified, a separate classification request may be provided for each component. In that case, the product information would describe a component, and the method of Figure 1 would be performed on each component.
• the converted and attribute-driven classifications may be routed to a classification expert for approval, before they are finally saved and outputted. That way, the converted and attribute-driven classifications would be 'proposals' requiring expert approval (or modification).
• the attribute-driven classification and the classification conversion are optional. If both of these functions are performed, the order in which they are performed may be different than the order shown in Figure 1. For instance, the classification conversion may be performed before the attribute-driven classification.
• the database may be used in ways other than obtaining classifications. Audits, quality checks, and classification comparisons may be performed. Classification consistency may be measured, for example, by comparing the classifications from different countries, or different regulations. Business models may be systematically analyzed and evaluated for potential duty and tax savings.
• the computer may be programmed to perform automated duty recovery.
• the process for calculating the duty recovery could be linked with the classification . system, and from there retrieve historical classifications and/or duty rates and calculate the differences to be paid or requested.
• Figure 4 illustrates a method of performing an audit check.
• a group of the classification results is stored in a database (block 410), the group is randomly sampled (block 412), and a determination is made as to whether the sampled classification results were determined properly (block 414).
• FIG. 5 shows a system including a computer 510 programmed to perform the regulatory classification.
• the computer 510 provides an interface 512 for receiving classification requests from sources such as users 514 and linked applications 516.
• the interface 512 allows classification experts to request, assign, review and approve classifications, as well as enter questions for the attribute-driven classification.
• the interface 512 allows users supporting or executing different business processes (e.g., sales rep ' s, order administration, logistics personnel) to look up classifications and submit requests for classifications. It allows business partners such as customers and suppliers to look up classifications and request classifications.
• the interface 512 allows classifications to be assigned to multiple products as a single user activity, as opposed to assign product-by-product.
• the computer 510 also provides an engine 18.
• the engine 518 performs the functions shown in Figure 1.
• a database 520 stores classification records, and it may also maintain product and classification documentation.
• the database 520 also may store the questions that are used for attribute-driven classification.
• the information stored in the database 520 may be used to determine whether reasonable care has been applied when assigning classifications.
• the database 520 may store, maintain and provide information on classification schedules and tariffs, and duty tax rates. This allows the computer 510 to systematically analyze and evaluate business models for potential duty and tax savings.
• Classification requests for classifications that need manual support may be placed in a work buffer 522 and remain in the work buffer 522 until classification has been completed or cancelled.
• the classification requests in the work buffer 522 may be grouped and sorted organized according to requesting organization and function; requesting individual; requesting date; assigned priority; product attributes such as descriptions and product categories, requested classification subject area; or requested region. Such an organization makes it easier for an individual to find an entry in the work buffer.
• the database 520 and the work buffer 522 may be stored in the computer, as shown in Figure 5.
• the database 520 and the work buffer 522 may be stored in a standalone device (e.g., a network attached storage device) or another machine (e.g., another computer).
• the database 520 may be a central database. Use of a central database offers a single repository for product classification. The central database ensures that the same products receive the same classifications.
• the present invention is not limited to a single computer for performing the regulatory classification. Instead, the regulatory classification may be run on a distributed logic/data system having several computers.
• the regulatory classification may be performed by a dedicated system, or it may be integrated into another system, such as an order management system.
• the order management system might need export control numbers to determine whether an export license is needed for a particular transaction.
• the order management system might also make use of classifications for quotation, sales and marketing, order processing, procurement, importation, duty drawback, shipping, and hazardous materials documentation.

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• 2001
  • 2001-10-01 WO PCT/US2001/030702 patent/WO2003030057A2/fr active Application Filing

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