WO2003019255A1 - Dispositif athermique a fibre optique - Google Patents
Dispositif athermique a fibre optique Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2003019255A1 WO2003019255A1 PCT/FR2002/002924 FR0202924W WO03019255A1 WO 2003019255 A1 WO2003019255 A1 WO 2003019255A1 FR 0202924 W FR0202924 W FR 0202924W WO 03019255 A1 WO03019255 A1 WO 03019255A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- beams
- longitudinal
- support
- fiber
- longitudinal beams
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 title abstract description 9
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 229910001374 Invar Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005219 brazing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000916 dilatatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012886 linear function Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000679 solder Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005476 soldering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000930 thermomechanical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/02—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating
- G02B6/02057—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating comprising gratings
- G02B6/02076—Refractive index modulation gratings, e.g. Bragg gratings
- G02B6/02171—Refractive index modulation gratings, e.g. Bragg gratings characterised by means for compensating environmentally induced changes
- G02B6/02176—Refractive index modulation gratings, e.g. Bragg gratings characterised by means for compensating environmentally induced changes due to temperature fluctuations
- G02B6/0218—Refractive index modulation gratings, e.g. Bragg gratings characterised by means for compensating environmentally induced changes due to temperature fluctuations using mounting means, e.g. by using a combination of materials having different thermal expansion coefficients
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
- G02B6/34—Optical coupling means utilising prism or grating
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the field of optical fibers. It relates more particularly to the field of optical fibers comprising an integrated component.
- the present invention applies in particular to fiber optic devices comprising an integrated Bragg grating.
- it aims to propose a device for stabilizing the temperature and / or adjusting the Bragg wavelength of the photoinscribed networks in the optical fibers.
- Bragg gratings are periodic structures of the optical index, which have the particularity of reflecting a signal of well-defined wavelength, called "Bragg wavelength of the network”. Bragg network-based systems have already done great service and have given rise to an abundance of literature.
- optical components integrating such Bragg gratings are used for example to manufacture chromatic dispersion compensating filters (CDC), gain equalizing filters (FEG), or insertion / extraction multiplexer components (MIE).
- CDC chromatic dispersion compensating filters
- FEG gain equalizing filters
- MIE insertion / extraction multiplexer components
- optical filters provided with an integrated component, in particular a Bragg grating are sensitive to temperature.
- the properties of Bragg gratings, and in particular the Bragg wavelength of gratings vary:
- thermo-optical effects due to the expansion or compression of the fiber, or to the change in index of the Bragg grating
- the Bragg wavelength is: - an increasing function of the temperature
- Figures 1 and 2 attached respectively represent "half table-top” and "table-top” structures according to the state of the art.
- the “half table-top” or “table-top” assemblies consist of a beam 20 made of materials with a low coefficient of expansion such as Invar, ceramic, etc. and studs 30 and 32 made of material with high coefficient of expansion like aluminum for example.
- a fiber 10 comprising a Bragg grating is tensioned between the two pads 30 and 32 for the case of a "table-top” or between the pad 30 and the opposite end of the beam 20 for the case of a " half-table-top ”according to the type of assembly.
- the fiber attachment points 10 are referenced 12 and 14.
- a drawback of these arrangements is that, by their design, they have fairly large dimensions. These assemblies have for example a length of the order of 45 mm if they are composed of Invar for the beam 20 and aluminum for the studs 30 or 32. This length depends directly on the choice of materials and on the ratio between the expansion coefficients of the materials used. At the same time, the evolution of the integration of components in optical networks increasingly requires their miniaturization. Consequently, the “table-top” and “half-table-top” arrangements appear increasingly bulky. In addition, the current recommendations in the field of telecommunications impose severe tests of temperature rise and humidity of the components. Consequently, the bonding systems are not sufficient to meet these requirements and have been replaced by holding the fiber by brazing on the assembly.
- An object of the present invention is to provide an athermal assembly which does not have the aforementioned drawbacks, ie an assembly which can reach reduced dimensions and which has good reliability over time.
- the invention provides a fiber optic device comprising at least one component integrated into the fiber and a support on which the fiber is fixed at two points located on either side of the integrated component, characterized in that the support comprises two longitudinal beams linked to transverse beams by hinge means, the two longitudinal beams being able to slide relative to each other in their longitudinal direction and two studs supporting the fixing points of the ends of the fiber, the device further comprising a compensating element of predetermined length having a coefficient of expansion greater than that of the support, each end of which is fixed to one of the beams, said element being able, during a temperature variation, to cause the sliding of the beams relative to each other and the displacement of the fiber attachment points relative to each other.
- Such a device has the advantage that the fiber is fixed to the elements of the device having the lowest coefficient of expansion. This characteristic ensures good adhesion of the fixing points when they are made by brazing.
- the length of the assembly of the invention can be reduced.
- the length of a “table-top” or “half-table-top” assembly is at least equal to the length of the fiber to be compensated, plus the length of the compensation pad.
- the factor limiting the size of the device is no longer the length of the different dilating elements but the length of the integrated component. Such devices can therefore reach a length of 25 mm.
- the hinge means advantageously allow the pivoting of the beams constituting the support with respect to each other and therefore facilitate the sliding of the two longitudinal beams relative to each other.
- the longitudinal beams are parallel to each other.
- the compensating element extends in a general direction substantially parallel to the longitudinal beams.
- the compensating element extends substantially along a diagonal of the frame formed by the support.
- the support can be in one piece.
- the longitudinal beams are formed from materials having different coefficients of expansion.
- the transverse beams can be formed from a material different from that used for the longitudinal beams. This characteristic makes it possible to improve the elasticity of the frame formed by the longitudinal and transverse beams.
- the longitudinal beams and / or the transverse beams may have different sections or shapes. This feature can also improve the elasticity of the frame.
- the hinge means can be constituted by thinning of the junctions between the longitudinal and transverse beams.
- Each of the studs can be formed by a protuberance from one of the longitudinal beams, the protrusions being positioned near the opposite ends of the longitudinal beams and facing each other.
- the compensating element has a general shape of S (it comprises a useful part in the form of a beam and two protuberances at the ends of the beam, the protrusions being directed in opposite directions, on either side of the beam), each end being fixed to one of the longitudinal beams.
- the studs being positioned near the opposite ends of the longitudinal beams, the compensating element can be fixed to each beam at its end opposite the end supporting a stud.
- FIGS. 1 and 2 already commented on schematically represent devices conforming to the state of the art
- FIG. 3 is an example of a device according to the invention
- - Figure 4 is a schematic representation of the device when it is in its "equilibrium position”
- FIG. 5 is a schematic representation of the device during a rise in temperature
- FIGS. 6 is a diagrammatic representation of the device during a temperature decrease
- FIG. 7 represents the deformation of the structure of FIG. 3 during a temperature increase of + 50 ° C
- FIG. 8 represents the deformation of the structure of FIG. 3 during a temperature drop of -50 ° C
- FIG. 9 is an alternative embodiment of the device of Figure 1.
- the optical fiber device 100 shown is "in equilibrium position".
- This fiber optic device 100 comprises a one-piece support 1 in the form of a generally rectangular frame consisting of two longitudinal beams 20 and 22 parallel and two transverse beams 30 and 32 connecting the ends of the beams 20 and 22.
- the support has been machined at the junctions between the beams 20, 22, 30 and 32 so as to reduce its thickness at these junctions.
- These thickness reductions constitute zones 42, 44, 46, 48 of lesser resistance or "hinge" which allow the beams 20, 22, 30 and 32 to slightly pivot with respect to each other.
- Each longitudinal beam 20 and 22 comprises near one of its ends a protuberance denoted respectively 60 and 62.
- the protrusions 60 and 62 of the beams 20 and 22 are each positioned at an opposite end of the support 1.
- An optical fiber 10 comprising an integrated component is fixed at two points 50 and 52 of the protrusions 60 and 62 so that the integrated component is located between the two fixing points.
- the fiber optic device further comprises a beam 70 in the general shape of an S (the beam 70 comprises a useful part and two protrusions at its ends, the protrusions being directed in opposite directions, on either side of the beam) each end of which is fixed to one of the beams 20 and 22 at the end opposite to that having a protrusion 50 or 52.
- the beam 70 is made of a material having a coefficient of expansion greater than that of the material constituting the support 1.
- the beam 70 can be made of aluminum or stainless steel, while the support 1 is made of Invar or Covar .
- FIGS. 4 to 6 schematically illustrate the operation of the device 100 of FIG. 3.
- the various constituent elements of the device of FIG. 3 the support 1 consisting of two longitudinal beams 20 and 22 and transverse 30, 32, the hinges 42, 44, 46, 48 positioned at the junction between the beams 20, 22, 30 and 32, the protrusions 60 and 62 of the beams 20 and 22, the fixing points 50 and 52 of the fiber 10, as well as the S-shaped beam 70, the ends of which are fixed to the beams 20 and 22.
- the device 100 is in its "equilibrium position".
- the support forms a perfect rectangle.
- the support 1 and the beam 70 expand, the expansion of the support 1 being less significant than that of the beam 70.
- the beams 20, 22 and 70 tend to elongate, the elongation of the beam 70 being greater than that of the beams 20 and 22.
- the elongation of the beam 70 causes the beam 20 to slide relative to the beam 22 in their longitudinal direction in the direction indicated by the arrows.
- the support 1 is deformed, this deformation being authorized by the hinges 42, 44, 46 and 48.
- the support 1 forms a parallelogram.
- the fixing points 60 and 62 of the fiber 10 tend to approach, releasing the tensile stress of the fiber 10.
- the support 1 and the beam 70 contract, the beam 70 contracting more significantly than the beams 20 and 22 of the support 1.
- the beam 70 causes the beams 20 and 22 to slide relative to each other in their longitudinal direction, in the direction indicated by the arrows.
- the support 1 deforms, this deformation being authorized by the hinges 42, 44, 46 and 48.
- the support 1 forms a parallelogram (inverted with respect to that of FIG. 5).
- the fixing points 50 and 52 of the fiber 10 tend to move away, increasing the tensile stress in the fiber 10. 5
- An assembly is thus produced which reduces the stress in the fiber 10 when the temperature increases and increases this stress when the temperature drops so as to mechanically compensate for the thermo-optical effects of the fiber 10.
- Figures 7 and 8 show the deformation of the support 1 and the 0 beam 70 respectively during a temperature rise of + 50 ° C and during a temperature decrease of -50 ° C compared to the temperature of " equilibrium position ”of the assembly. In these figures, the deformations have been amplified 30 times.
- the fiber 10 is fixed on the low expansion material 5 forming the support 1. It is thus possible during its assembly to position the fiber on the support 1 alone and then come to fix the beam 70. In this way , setting the wavelength of the integrated component to a particular value can be performed a posteriori by shearing the support 1 then fixing the beam 70. 0
- brazing of the fiber on the least expanding material ensures the good adhesion of it. Soldering on a low expansion material ensures better grip in a wide range of temperatures. This is due to compression stresses on the fiber present at high and low temperatures.
- the fiber can also be fixed to the studs by bonding.
- the support comprises a one-piece frame. It is of course possible to produce a support comprising beams connected to each other by welds.
- the longitudinal and transverse beams can be made of different materials. The materials are chosen flexible enough to allow the beams to pivot relative to each other and ensure the "hinge" effect.
- one of the longitudinal beams 20 or 22 is made of Invar and the other longitudinal beam is made of Covar.
- These two materials with low expansion coefficients have complementary thermal expansion curves, which makes it possible to obtain a flatter athermicity curve for the device.
- the use of different materials for the production of the support makes it possible to refine the thermal compensation of the device obtained.
- the longitudinal and / or transverse beams can have different sections or shapes in order to further improve the athermicity obtained.
- the studs 60 and 62 are fixed on the longitudinal beams 20 and 22. It is also possible to fix these studs on the transverse beams 30 and 32. In this case, the studs will be preferably located at the opposite ends of the transverse beams 30 and 32 so that the deformation of the support 1 causes the attachment points 50 and 52 located on the studs to move towards or away from each other.
- the fiber 10 is positioned diagonally with respect to the longitudinal beams 20 and 22 parallel.
- the compensation element is not necessarily produced in the form of an S-beam such as those shown in the figures. It may, for example, be a straight beam positioned on bosses produced asymmetrically on the inner faces of the beams 20 and 22.
- the compensation element is a straight beam 70 extending substantially along a diagonal of the frame formed by the support 1.
- the direction of expansion of the compensating element 70 should preferably have a maximum component in the longitudinal direction of the device (direction along which the fiber extends 10).
- Such an assembly can have a reduction of up to 45% in its length compared to the old assemblies (the longitudinal dimensions can reach 25mm). This reduction in length is in fact limited only by the size of the integrated component.
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Light Guides In General And Applications Therefor (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR01/10994 | 2001-08-22 | ||
FR0110994A FR2828940B1 (fr) | 2001-08-22 | 2001-08-22 | Dispositif athermique a fibre optique |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2003019255A1 true WO2003019255A1 (fr) | 2003-03-06 |
Family
ID=8866652
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/FR2002/002924 WO2003019255A1 (fr) | 2001-08-22 | 2002-08-22 | Dispositif athermique a fibre optique |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
FR (1) | FR2828940B1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2003019255A1 (fr) |
Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO1998059267A1 (fr) * | 1997-06-19 | 1998-12-30 | Uniphase Fibre Components Pty, Limited | Boitier pour reseau de bragg, stable en temperature et a post-reglage permettant un ajustement precis de la frequence centrale |
JP2000121844A (ja) * | 1998-10-14 | 2000-04-28 | Furukawa Electric Co Ltd:The | 光ファイバブラッグ回折格子の温度補償装置 |
US6101301A (en) * | 1998-04-17 | 2000-08-08 | Lucent Technologies Inc. | Temperature-compensated optical fiber gratings with fine wavelength tuning |
WO2000054082A1 (fr) * | 1999-03-10 | 2000-09-14 | Jds Uniphase Corporation | Mecanisme de commande de tension pour dispositifs a reseaux de bragg |
US6147341A (en) * | 1998-02-13 | 2000-11-14 | Lucent Technologies Inc. | Temperature compensating device for fiber gratings |
US6243527B1 (en) * | 1998-01-16 | 2001-06-05 | Corning Incorporated | Athermalization techniques for fiber gratings and temperature sensitive components |
WO2002039160A1 (fr) * | 2000-11-09 | 2002-05-16 | Cambridge University Technical Services Ltd. | Plate-forme a coefficient de dilatation thermique regule |
-
2001
- 2001-08-22 FR FR0110994A patent/FR2828940B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2002
- 2002-08-22 WO PCT/FR2002/002924 patent/WO2003019255A1/fr not_active Application Discontinuation
Patent Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO1998059267A1 (fr) * | 1997-06-19 | 1998-12-30 | Uniphase Fibre Components Pty, Limited | Boitier pour reseau de bragg, stable en temperature et a post-reglage permettant un ajustement precis de la frequence centrale |
US6243527B1 (en) * | 1998-01-16 | 2001-06-05 | Corning Incorporated | Athermalization techniques for fiber gratings and temperature sensitive components |
US6147341A (en) * | 1998-02-13 | 2000-11-14 | Lucent Technologies Inc. | Temperature compensating device for fiber gratings |
US6101301A (en) * | 1998-04-17 | 2000-08-08 | Lucent Technologies Inc. | Temperature-compensated optical fiber gratings with fine wavelength tuning |
JP2000121844A (ja) * | 1998-10-14 | 2000-04-28 | Furukawa Electric Co Ltd:The | 光ファイバブラッグ回折格子の温度補償装置 |
WO2000054082A1 (fr) * | 1999-03-10 | 2000-09-14 | Jds Uniphase Corporation | Mecanisme de commande de tension pour dispositifs a reseaux de bragg |
WO2002039160A1 (fr) * | 2000-11-09 | 2002-05-16 | Cambridge University Technical Services Ltd. | Plate-forme a coefficient de dilatation thermique regule |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 2000, no. 07 29 September 2000 (2000-09-29) * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FR2828940B1 (fr) | 2004-08-27 |
FR2828940A1 (fr) | 2003-02-28 |
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