WO2003012741A1

WO2003012741A1 - Method for examining and analyzing color

Info

Publication number: WO2003012741A1
Application number: PCT/JP2002/007720
Authority: WO
Inventors: Michio Takechi; Atsuko Taguchi; Masao Yamagishi; Masaru Sato; Isao Miyazawa; Ryozo Takeyama; Tetsushi Shigeoka
Original assignee: Nakagawa Chemical Co.
Priority date: 2001-07-30
Filing date: 2002-07-30
Publication date: 2003-02-13
Also published as: JP2003042847A

Abstract

A view which is an object of color examination of is picked up by a camera (11) as a plurality of screens covering 360 °. The picked up color image is input and stored in a computer (12). Data including the date of examination and the place of examination is input through a keyboard (13). The stored color image is called to a display device (14), a plurality of images are combined with each other to form a panorama image, if necessary, and the image is subjected to color mosaic processing with reference to a color information table stored in the computer. Information on the area distribution ratio by color, the frequency of appearance, etc. of the mosaic color image is compared with the past data at the same point or data at other points, and environmental changes at the same point, thereby comparing and analyzing environmental change at the same point and environmental conditions at different examination points.

Description

Description Color Investigation and analysis method Technical field

The present invention relates to a method for investigating and analyzing the color of a survey object and a color survey and analysis device, and more specifically, to a method for investigating and analyzing the color of a survey object including a landscape, and a survey of the color. , Analysis equipment. Background art

Conventionally, in order to investigate changes in the environment, it is necessary to visually measure the color of the landscape at a certain vertical survey angle range and surrounding 360 ° from a certain survey point, and to convert this measurement result into data. Is being done. The color of this landscape is measured using a color chip composed of a number of color frames with different colors, and the color of the landscape and the color chip of the color chip are compared for each range of the subdivided landscape. This is done by selecting the color closest to the color of the landscape. If it is determined which color frame of the landscape corresponds to each subdivided range, corresponding color data (Munsell value, etc.) is obtained from the determined color frame number. This color data ranges from tens to hundreds at one survey point. At the time of recording this color data, data such as the survey site of the landscape, the survey area, the date and time of the survey, the degree of perspective of the observed landscape, whether it is natural or artificial, and the season of the survey, etc. are also collected at the same time. Based on the above, to obtain regional characteristics of landscape colors by comparison with other surveyed areas, to conduct surveys and analysis of colors, etc. at a certain area or at a certain surveying point, at the same surveying point, or at the same Comparison with past data is performed, and analysis of seasonal or seasonal changes in landscape color at the same point or the same area is performed. I have.

In such conventional color survey and analysis methods, it is necessary to take a long time to measure the color at one survey point due to human visual perception, and to collect and organize a large amount of data overnight. It required a lot of effort. Also, due to the luminous colorimetry, the colors perceived to correspond to the colors of the landscape may differ slightly depending on the observer, and training may be provided to ensure the objectivity of the data. There was a need to take various measures. Furthermore, comparisons with other landscapes and comparisons with past data at the same survey point are also numerical comparisons, and do not directly compare the visual color of the landscape, so it can only be understood by experts. there were.

In order to solve this, attempts have been made to display color data as a color image on a display screen, but at present no satisfactory results have been achieved.

The present invention has been made in view of the above-described circumstances, and enables a color survey of a survey target including a landscape or the like to be performed in a short period of time, and the obtained individual color data can be obtained manually. The purpose of the present invention is to provide an investigation of the color of an object, an analysis method and an investigation of the color, and an analysis device which do not require any input and which facilitates data processing, comparison of investigation results, and analysis. is there. Disclosure of the invention

According to the present invention, there is provided a step of photographing a color survey target with a camera, a step of inputting and storing a photographed color image, and a mosaic process of the input and stored color image with reference to a color information table. The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for investigating a color characterized by having a process.

In addition, the present invention provides a process of photographing a color survey target with a camera, a process of inputting and storing a photographed color image, and a process of inputting and storing the input and stored color images. A method for examining and analyzing colors characterized by comprising a step of mosaic processing an image with reference to a color information table and a step of analyzing information of a color image mosaiced by the mosaic processing It is.

In addition, the present invention provides a process of photographing a color survey target with a camera, a process of inputting and storing a photographed color image, and a mosaic processing of the input and stored color image by referring to a color information table. And a step of designating a partial area of the mosaiced image, and a step of selecting a color of the designated image area with reference to the second color information table. It provides a method for investigating and analyzing colors.

In addition, the present invention provides a method for examining a color and a method for examining and analyzing a panoramic image by connecting a plurality of stored color images before mosaic processing the stored color image with reference to a color information table. The purpose of the present invention is to provide a color survey method and a survey and analysis method characterized by the following.

The present invention also provides means for inputting and storing a captured image converted into R, G, and B signals, means for performing mosaic processing on the input and stored captured image with reference to a color information table, And a color surveying or surveying / analyzing apparatus characterized by having display means for displaying a color image. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

FIG. 1 shows an example of a color examination and analysis device of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a schematic explanatory view for explaining one embodiment of the method for investigating and analyzing the color of a landscape according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram illustrating an example of a procedure for inputting photographing information in the landscape survey and analysis method of the present invention. FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram for explaining the local maintenance steps of FIG. 3 in more detail.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram for explaining the data input step of FIG. 3 in more detail.

FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram for explaining an example of creating a color image information database overnight in the landscape survey and analysis method of the present invention. Detailed description of the invention

Hereinafter, the method for investigating and analyzing colors of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to an example of the method for investigating and analyzing colors of a landscape, which is one embodiment of the method of the present invention.

FIG. 1 shows an example of the configuration of a color examination and analysis device according to the present invention. In Fig. 1, 11 is a photographing device such as a camera used for photographing a landscape, 12 is an image input board 13, a data writing circuit, a storage device such as a memory, a search circuit, and a color. Equipped with the means required for color survey and analysis, such as information tables, comparison circuits, and data output circuits, and performs mosaic processing of captured landscapes, analysis of mosaiced images, and simulation. The computer 14 is a display device such as a display for displaying the processing result, and the reference numeral 15 is a command input means such as a keyboard and a mouse for inputting a command from the outside to the computer.

The outline of the survey and analysis method of the color of the landscape is explained with reference to Fig. 2. First, a landscape is photographed at a survey point to conduct a color survey of the landscape (step 201). The photographing information is input to the computer, and the photographed image is input and stored in the combination via the image input board 13 (step 202). This input and stored digital image is input to a storage device such as a memory which is set in advance and stored. Mosaic processing is performed based on the color of the information table (step 203). Based on the mosaiced image information, a color analysis of the landscape (step 204) or a color simulation (step 205) is performed. Specific modes for carrying out the invention

Each of the above steps will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. First, for landscape photography, a digital camera 11 with a built-in CCD was installed at the survey site, and the surrounding 360-degree landscape was divided into, for example, 10 photographs, for example, from north to east, south, and west. Shoot one by one in the order of. At this time, photographing may be performed with a normal camera using color photographic film. The scenery does not have to be photographed from the north as described above, and the number of images may be more or less than 10 as long as the scenery of 360 degrees can be photographed. Furthermore, if it is not necessary to obtain a 360-degree panoramic image, it is not necessary to capture the entire 360-degree surrounding landscape. However, in the color survey of the landscape, it is necessary to compare the secular change and seasonal change at a certain shooting point, or to compare the data with other points. It is also desirable to make it as constant as possible. In addition, from the viewpoint of comparing colors, it is desirable to shoot the landscape at a certain time on a sunny day.

After photographing, the 10 images taken are input to the computer 12 together with the photographing information. Normally, data is input before the image data captured by the digital camera 11 is input to the computer. This will be described with reference to FIG. It should be noted that the input of the data regarding the shooting information may be performed after the input of the image. Input of data relating to shooting information starts with input of regional maintenance information as shown in FIG. 3 (step 301). In this area maintenance information input, information on measurement points is input and set as shown in Fig. 4 (step 401). The setting information includes, for example, the survey area and measurement points.

Subsequently, color information data is input (step 302), and here colorimetric information is input. For example, as shown in Fig. 5, the colorimetric information includes the name of the measurement area where the image was taken, the name of the measurement point, the survey year, the date and time of the survey, the four seasons data, the distance data of the photographed landscape, whether natural or artificial, For example, a semi-natural day. These data may be input from the screen using the keyboard 15, or may be read from a data file (for example, a flexible disk) created in advance. After inputting these information, the input information is saved in a data file in the computer. In addition, a search key is input and set so that such information can be searched (step 303). The search key can be an item of the above colorimetric information. By setting the search key, input information can be searched and confirmed. Therefore, it is possible to search for input information or to confirm whether there is an error in input information. Furthermore, specify the conditions for examining the distribution of the color information of the input analog or digital image. Set the data (step 304), and specify the display method for the color distribution under the conditions specified in the data settings. Is displayed on the display device by (step 305). In the present invention, a program is created based on a preset system design so that each of these steps can be executed, and the created program is stored in a computer in advance.

On the other hand, a color image taken by the digital camera 11 is read into the computer via the image input board 13 (step 202). When the landscape is photographed using color photographic film, the photographed image is read by an image reading device (scanner), and the read data is sent to a computer via an image input port 13. Just read it. The analog data of 10 blank images read into this computer is converted into digital data (jpg Z bmp data) and stored in the memory of the combination. As described above, the image data may be directly input to the computer 12 from a digital camera or an image reading device, or the color image data may be temporarily captured by another computer and stored in a file, and then stored. The data may be input to the computer 12 via a flexible disk, for example, and stored. In this example, the image data is treated as data having a width of 394 pixels and a height of 395 pixels.

Next, the mosaic processing of this input and stored image is performed (step 203). Before performing the mosaic processing of this image, first, 10 color images are sequentially retrieved from the memory and sequentially arranged in a row on the display device from the north to display the landscape of the survey point in a panoramic manner. Performs screen processing such as erasing unnecessary screen parts, such as overlapping parts, to create a 360-degree panoramic image. The data of the panoramic image of a certain measurement point formed in this way is saved in the memory if necessary as a panoramic image or 10 screens.

The formed panoramic image is then subjected to mosaic processing. At this time, the size of the grid is specified to determine the size of the mosaic. The scanned image is divided into designated dalids, the color of the dalid is determined for each dalid, and a mosaic is displayed as a set of dalids of the obtained color. At this time, the color of each grid is first determined as a representative color of each grid, and the color of this representative color and the color information table (color information) are obtained. The colors in one palette are compared, and the color closest to the representative color is displayed as the grid color. The method of calculating the representative color of the grid is as follows: (1) The method of setting the center color of the grid as the representative color, (2) The average color of the grid (the sum of the values of all pixels for each RGB, and (Divided by the number of pixels in the code) as the representative color, and (3) a method in which the color at the specified coordinates is used as the representative color. The method of (3) is convenient to adopt when there is a particularly noticeable color in the screen. In the above methods (1) to (3), for example, first, a remarkable color part is specified by the method (3), and that part is mosaiced, and then the remaining part is subjected to the method of (1) or (2). They may be used in combination, if necessary, such as by mosaicking by a method. The created mosaiced panorama image is registered as a panorama and saved in a panorama file. The panorama image stored in this file is programmed so that it can be displayed as a mosaic image even in continuous tone as a 360 degree panorama image or as each screen (1Z10 screen). Before the panoramic image is formed, mosaic processing of each image may be performed. Thereafter, the image may be converted into a panoramic image.

The color of the color information table used in the mosaic processing of the panoramic image is selected from colors that are considered to be frequently used from existing color patches such as the Munsell color patch or PCCS color patch, and read in advance by the computer. Stored in memory. The number of colors in this color information table is, for example, 260 colors. The number of colors may be, for example, 500 or may be smaller than 260 colors. Increasing the number of colors provides more detailed information, but it takes time to calculate the mosaic processing, and when comparing data, the frequency of use per color is reduced, and when investigating the tendency of colors appearing in the landscape Comparisons can be difficult. Also, if the number of colors is too small, when comparing the color information of the landscape, it may be difficult for the color of the landscape to be distinguished. This color information table is displayed on the screen as needed. The display format on the screen is, for example, a color arrangement in which all the color frames or the selected color frame in the color information table are arranged with the horizontal axis as hue and the vertical axis as tone (brightness + saturation). An arrangement of frames in a list (color palette) is a typical example. Of course, the arrangement format of the color frames in this color palette may be other than the above-described example.

The horizontal axis represents one of the three attributes, hue, lightness, and saturation, or a combination of the two, and the vertical axis represents color attributes other than the color attribute used for the horizontal axis. Any frame may be used as long as the frames are arranged. For example, even if the hue is specified and fixed, and the horizontal axis and the vertical axis are lightness and the horizontal axis is saturation, and the horizontal axis and the vertical axis have two attributes of color, three types are selected. Good. In other words, the arrangement format of color frames in the color palette may be any format that can be expressed using the three attributes of color. Depending on the method of selecting the color attribute for each axis, blank spaces may increase in the color palette, making it difficult to use.Therefore, an optimal arrangement is provided according to the contents of the color survey and analysis method of the present invention. A color palette can be selected and used. Also, a plurality of such color information tables may be set as necessary, such as a standard, a specific area, a natural or man-made object, and one of them may be selected and used.

The mosaic image processed in this way is used as information for analyzing landscape colors, comparing colors with other landscapes, and analyzing colors including color simulations. For example, in the analysis of landscape colors, the color area composition ratio of the mosaic image displayed on the screen is obtained, or the appearance frequency of the color is reduced, and the appearance frequency is calculated in the mosaic image displayed on the screen. Color and its composition ratio (for example, the number of appearances for each color frame appearing on the screen), and the display and frequency of only the appearance colors on the color palette This can be done by displaying the image on the screen together with the image. For example, the color tendency of the landscape at the measurement point can be ascertained from the type of color frame that appears, the frequency of appearance, and the color bias on the screen. The obtained data is stored in the memory. These data can be used for comparison of data at multiple locations or for data at the same location.

For example, by accumulating survey data at each measurement point for a long period of time for each season and building a database, seasonal comparisons at each measurement point and aging comparisons in the same season can be easily performed. It is possible to easily compare the color of the scenery between each measurement point and another measurement point, compare the color distribution between one area and another area, compare the season, and compare the data over time. It will be possible to do so. That is, a plurality of related mosaic images are called from the same night on the same screen, and the images projected on these display screens are directly compared with each other by visual observation, or color appearance frequency data (for example, color used, composition , Etc.) on the screen can be easily performed. This data comparison is directly appealing to the visual sense and can be performed instantaneously when needed, making it highly useful as an explanatory material. For example, such data comparison makes it easy and accurate to investigate the extent of environmental damage. Of course, these comparisons can be made by printing out the required mosaic image with a printer and comparing a plurality of images printed with this printer. Furthermore, image display is convenient if it is possible to display mosaic images by changing the size of the grid, digital images, and analog images.

In addition, conducting landscape surveys at multiple locations within the same area, processing the images at each location in the same way as above, and accumulating data will allow for multiple locations within the same area. By taking the average of the data and positioning this value as the color distribution characteristic of this area, this area and other areas It is possible to compare the color data of each region with each season, compare the color of each region with the same region data at a certain point, and compare the color of the same region in the same season over time. Changes can be learned, and the characteristics of the colors of the scenery in the area can be clarified and used as environmental improvement data.

Further, a color simulation can be performed using the mosaiced image. That is, a color harmonized with a certain color in the computer is stored in advance as a second color information table. An arbitrary area on the image is specified on the screen, and a color that matches the surrounding color specified as the color of this area is selected and displayed by a program for selecting from the second color information table. By registering multiple colors that harmonize with a certain color, it is possible to select the optimal color that matches the surrounding colors by sequentially replacing and displaying the colors in the specified area with the registered colors Becomes The specification of the area on the image may be performed by, for example, pen input, or by synthesis with another image. By such a simulation, for example, when a bridge is to be built, the color of the bridge that matches the surrounding scenery throughout the four seasons is determined, or the color of the building when building is set to match the color of the surrounding landscape. Data can be used for various purposes. The color survey and analysis method of the present invention has been described above based on the survey and analysis of landscape colors.However, the color survey and analysis method of the present invention is limited to the survey and analysis of landscape colors. However, it can also be applied to surveys and analyzes in other fields besides landscape, such as methods for examining color changes such as the degree of fading of paint and the degree of metal corrosion, and simulation of makeup such as makeup. Although the image has been described as a panoramic image, the mosaic image need not be a panorama image. Also, the comparison of the images is not limited to the panoramic image, but may be of each one-shot image. Also, if the data can be modified and added as appropriate, it will be convenient for use because the data can be updated and corrected. The invention's effect

As described in detail above, according to the present invention, color investigation can be performed in a short time, and the obtained individual color data need not be manually input, and data processing and investigation results can be obtained. The effect is that comparison and analysis can be simplified.

Claims

B 冃 Range of request

1. A step of photographing a color survey object with a camera, a step of inputting and storing the photographed color image, and a step of mosaicing the input and stored color image with reference to a color information table A color survey method characterized by the following:

2. The process of photographing the color survey object with the camera, the process of inputting and storing the captured color image, and the process of mosaicing the input and stored color image with reference to the color information table. And a method of analyzing and analyzing color information of a color image mosaiced by mosaic processing.

3. The process of photographing the color survey object with a camera, the process of inputting and storing the captured color image, and the process of mosaicing this input and stored color image with reference to a color information table. A step of designating a partial area of the mosaiced image; and a step of selecting a color of the designated image area with reference to a second color information table. Analysis method.

4. A plurality of stored color images are connected to form a panoramic image before the stored color image is subjected to mosaic processing with reference to a color information table. Investigation method of the color described.

5. A plurality of stored color images are connected to form a panoramic image before the stored color image is subjected to mosaic processing with reference to a color information table. Investigation and analysis method of color described in.

6. Before the stored color image is processed into a mosaic by referring to the color information table, the stored color images are connected to form a panoramic image. 4. The color investigation and analysis method according to claim 3, wherein the method is an image.

7. Means for inputting and storing captured images converted to R, G, B signals, means for performing mosaic processing on the input and stored captured images with reference to a color information table, and processing for converting the mosaiced color images A color survey or survey and analysis device characterized by having means for displaying.