WO2003012012A1 - Procede de gazeification de la biomasse - Google Patents
Procede de gazeification de la biomasse Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2003012012A1 WO2003012012A1 PCT/JP2002/007658 JP0207658W WO03012012A1 WO 2003012012 A1 WO2003012012 A1 WO 2003012012A1 JP 0207658 W JP0207658 W JP 0207658W WO 03012012 A1 WO03012012 A1 WO 03012012A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- gasification
- gas
- biomass
- clay
- accelerator
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 110
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 59
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 69
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000011368 organic material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 57
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910021647 smectite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003134 recirculating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011147 inorganic material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 235000017166 Bambusa arundinacea Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 235000017491 Bambusa tulda Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 241001330002 Bambuseae Species 0.000 claims 1
- 239000005909 Kieselgur Substances 0.000 claims 1
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 235000015334 Phyllostachys viridis Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011425 bamboo Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003610 charcoal Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 9
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000004071 soot Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000003516 soil conditioner Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 4
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 3
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001172 regenerating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005979 thermal decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052902 vermiculite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010455 vermiculite Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019354 vermiculite Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 241000195493 Cryptophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010016807 Fluid retention Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229920002488 Hemicellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 240000000111 Saccharum officinarum Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007201 Saccharum officinarum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003377 acid catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002154 agricultural waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- HPTYUNKZVDYXLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum;trihydroxy(trihydroxysilyloxy)silane;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Al].[Al].O[Si](O)(O)O[Si](O)(O)O HPTYUNKZVDYXLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005420 bog Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004523 catalytic cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006482 condensation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007865 diluting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000502 fertility decrease Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005243 fluidization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002803 fossil fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011389 fruit/vegetable juice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007792 gaseous phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052621 halloysite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013379 molasses Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000243 photosynthetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007790 solid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000000629 steam reforming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010025 steaming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000000346 sugar Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000008163 sugars Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/46—Gasification of granular or pulverulent flues in suspension
- C10J3/54—Gasification of granular or pulverulent fuels by the Winkler technique, i.e. by fluidisation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C29/00—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring
- C07C29/15—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring by reduction of oxides of carbon exclusively
- C07C29/151—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring by reduction of oxides of carbon exclusively with hydrogen or hydrogen-containing gases
- C07C29/1516—Multisteps
- C07C29/1518—Multisteps one step being the formation of initial mixture of carbon oxides and hydrogen for synthesis
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/46—Gasification of granular or pulverulent flues in suspension
- C10J3/48—Apparatus; Plants
- C10J3/482—Gasifiers with stationary fluidised bed
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10K—PURIFYING OR MODIFYING THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF COMBUSTIBLE GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE
- C10K3/00—Modifying the chemical composition of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide to produce an improved fuel, e.g. one of different calorific value, which may be free from carbon monoxide
- C10K3/02—Modifying the chemical composition of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide to produce an improved fuel, e.g. one of different calorific value, which may be free from carbon monoxide by catalytic treatment
- C10K3/023—Reducing the tar content
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10K—PURIFYING OR MODIFYING THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF COMBUSTIBLE GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE
- C10K3/00—Modifying the chemical composition of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide to produce an improved fuel, e.g. one of different calorific value, which may be free from carbon monoxide
- C10K3/02—Modifying the chemical composition of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide to produce an improved fuel, e.g. one of different calorific value, which may be free from carbon monoxide by catalytic treatment
- C10K3/04—Modifying the chemical composition of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide to produce an improved fuel, e.g. one of different calorific value, which may be free from carbon monoxide by catalytic treatment reducing the carbon monoxide content, e.g. water-gas shift [WGS]
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
- C10J2300/0903—Feed preparation
- C10J2300/0906—Physical processes, e.g. shredding, comminuting, chopping, sorting
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
- C10J2300/0913—Carbonaceous raw material
- C10J2300/0916—Biomass
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
- C10J2300/0953—Gasifying agents
- C10J2300/0956—Air or oxygen enriched air
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
- C10J2300/0953—Gasifying agents
- C10J2300/0973—Water
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
- C10J2300/0983—Additives
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/16—Integration of gasification processes with another plant or parts within the plant
- C10J2300/164—Integration of gasification processes with another plant or parts within the plant with conversion of synthesis gas
- C10J2300/1656—Conversion of synthesis gas to chemicals
- C10J2300/1659—Conversion of synthesis gas to chemicals to liquid hydrocarbons
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/16—Integration of gasification processes with another plant or parts within the plant
- C10J2300/164—Integration of gasification processes with another plant or parts within the plant with conversion of synthesis gas
- C10J2300/1656—Conversion of synthesis gas to chemicals
- C10J2300/1665—Conversion of synthesis gas to chemicals to alcohols, e.g. methanol or ethanol
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
- Y02P20/129—Energy recovery, e.g. by cogeneration, H2recovery or pressure recovery turbines
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/141—Feedstock
- Y02P20/145—Feedstock the feedstock being materials of biological origin
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a biomass liquid fueling technology, and more particularly to an efficient method for gasifying biomass to produce a raw material gas for producing a liquid fuel such as methanol. Further, the present invention relates to the use of a useful gas obtained by gasification of biomass as a gaseous fuel, and the use of waste catalyst and ash-containing waste produced as by-products by performing the gasification method. It relates to its use as a soil conditioner. Hi
- biomass energy is often positioned at the top of renewable energies in view of the amount of reserves and the storability.
- the amount and efficiency of biomass supply are limited, and only electric power can be supplied.
- biomass such as sugars such as sugarcane juice and molasses, and starches such as corn dirt, can be used as raw materials.
- biomass as a whole could be used, including cellulose and hemicellulose, which account for the majority of photosynthetic products, and technologies to produce liquid fuels for power or transportation, such as fuel oil, could be developed. Although large, such technology has not yet reached a technical and economic stage of practical use.
- Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 7-138580 As an example of a conventional technique for obtaining a gas for synthesizing methanol by gasifying an organic substance such as biomass, for example, there is a method described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 7-138580. This is a method of partially oxidizing an organic substance with air or oxygen and water vapor, and adjusting the molar ratio of supplied steam to carbon in the organic substance to be 1 to 10; Furthermore, the combustion or gasification temperature is adjusted to be 700 to 900 ° C.
- Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Hei 9-111254 discloses that a gas generated by such a method is used to convert a tar gas in a gas into a gas cracking furnace provided with a nickel-containing alloy or a nickel catalyst provided downstream of the gasification furnace.
- Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 7-41767 proposes a method of decomposing biomass in a vertical retort at 600 to 1200 ° C, usually 800 to 1100 ° C in the presence of water.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems of the related art, and has been made to allow a gasification reaction of biomass to proceed efficiently and effectively under a relatively low temperature condition, and furthermore, has a problem associated with the generation of tar and soot.
- the purpose is to provide a method that can eliminate the problem.
- a biomass gasification method is a method for producing a raw material gas for producing a liquid fuel such as methanol by gasifying biomass, the method comprising an organic substance containing biomass.
- the organic material is brought into fluid contact with a gasification accelerator composed of a clay having a catalytic function and Z or a heat medium function in a gasification reaction zone in a gasification reaction zone in the presence of a gasifying agent under an elevated temperature. It is characterized by including the step of converting raw materials into useful gas for liquid fuel production.
- the present invention provides a gasification accelerator to which a by-product such as char generated in the gasification process is adsorbed, which is extracted from the gasification reaction zone and introduced into the regeneration zone.
- the adsorbed by-products adhering to the gasification accelerator are removed by combustion or by the carbonaceous gasification reaction under the condition of high temperature by partial combustion, and the gasification of the heated state thus regenerated is promoted.
- the method may further include a step of recirculating an agent to the gasification reaction zone.
- the present invention includes the use of a useful gas obtained by performing the above-described gasification method as a gaseous fuel.
- a raw material gas containing carbon monoxide and hydrogen obtained by the above gasification method is subjected to component adjustment by a shift reaction device as needed to remove carbon dioxide, and then a methanol synthesis reaction is carried out. Thereby producing a liquid fuel.
- the present invention includes the use of waste catalyst and ash-containing waste produced by performing the above gasification method as a soil improvement material.
- the gasification of biomass can be efficiently performed under relatively mild temperature conditions of about 400 to 750 ° C. during the gasification reaction. It is possible. ⁇
- the method for gasifying biomass is a method for producing a raw material gas for producing a liquid fuel such as methanol by gasifying biomass, and pulverizing an organic material containing biomass.
- a gasification reaction zone in the gasification reaction zone, in the presence of a gasifying agent in a heated condition, the raw material is brought into fluid contact with a solid gasification accelerator having a catalytic function and / or a heat medium function, thereby miniaturizing the powder. It is characterized by including the step of converting biomass feedstock into useful gas for liquid fuel production.
- a gasification accelerator to which by-products such as chars generated in the gasification process are adsorbed is extracted from the gasification reaction zone, introduced into the regeneration zone, and the gas is introduced into the regeneration zone.
- the adsorbed by-product adhering to the gasification accelerator is removed by a carbonaceous gasification reaction under high temperature conditions by combustion or partial combustion, and the heated gasification accelerator thus regenerated is subjected to the gasification reaction. It may further include the step of recirculating to the zone.
- the biomass raw material to which the method of the present invention can be applied is not particularly limited, and includes all organic useful materials from which a useful liquid fuel component such as methanol can be obtained. Specific examples include woody materials derived from forests and mountain forests, plants and algae resources from bogs, rivers, grasslands, and oceans, forestry and agricultural wastes, and waste plastics.
- the pulverization or pulverization of these organic-based raw materials including biomass is essential for increasing the contact area (specific surface area) during the gasification reaction to perform the reaction effectively and efficiently.
- the degree of pulverization of the raw material is suitably from 300 to 300 im, preferably from about 300 to 600 jum.
- such an organic material is mixed with a gasification accelerator comprising a clay having a catalytic function and / or a heat medium function in a gasification reaction zone in the presence of a gasifying agent under elevated temperature conditions. Make fluid contact. Biomass gasification is considered to proceed in the presence of water vapor and air according to the following reaction.
- a mixture of heated steam and air may be used as a gasifying agent as a component necessary for such gasification, but more preferably, steam is used to prevent a reduction in the concentration of generated gas. It is desirable to use only. Steam is particularly desirable because it has the function of fluidizing the catalyst and stripping the oil on the catalyst. Furthermore, as described below, by introducing air in the regeneration zone, the by-product adsorbed on the clay catalyst can be removed by combustion or by partial combustion and carbonaceous gasification reaction.
- the optimal range of the input amount and temperature condition of the gasifying agent introduced into the gasification reaction zone can be appropriately selected depending on the type, amount, and properties of the biomass raw material to be reacted.
- the input amount of steam as the gasifying agent is in the range of 0.3 to 2.5, preferably 0.5 to 1.0 in terms of steam / biomass ratio. The details of the temperature conditions for the gasification reaction will be described later.
- the introduction of steam is preferably carried out in such a manner that powder flows.Steaming in the gasification reaction zone by such fluidization, polymers of biomass liberated in the gas phase, and thermal decomposition products And fluid contact gasification with good contact between the catalyst particles.
- the gasification accelerator to be brought into fluid contact in the gasification reaction is made of clay having a catalytic function and / or a heat transfer medium function.It is necessary to consider the type of biomass, the design of downstream equipment, and the cost of the whole process, One can be selected.
- the gasification accelerator is preferably a smectite clay, a vermiculite clay, a kaolin-serpentine clay, a mudstone clay, more preferably a smectite clay, a vermiculite clay, a force-oliginate. It comprises at least one member selected from the group consisting of clay, halloysite clay and mixtures thereof.
- As gasification accelerators besides clay as an essential component, other minerals,
- At least one selected from shells, silica-alumina-based catalysts, transition metal-supported inorganic material-based catalysts, metal oxide catalysts, and mixtures thereof can be further added as needed.
- the particle size of the gasification accelerator is preferably about 10 to 5 10 m, and more preferably 60 to: L 20 m.
- the optimum range of the amount of the gasification accelerator to be used can be appropriately selected depending on the type and properties of the gasification accelerator and the biomass raw material to be used, and the equipment used.
- the present inventor has found that by contacting the biomass raw material in a fluidized state with a gasification accelerator made of clay as described above during the gasification reaction, the above-mentioned difficult problems can be solved at once. This has led to the completion of the present invention.
- the evening portion is formed by the polymer released from the solid phase biomass in the gas phase remaining without undergoing decomposition, or by the condensation or polymerization of thermal decomposition products having unsaturated bonds. . It is considered that such a free component is immediately decomposed or its polymerization is suppressed by, for example, a metal catalyst having an affinity for a hydrogen atom and the presence of a proton-donating acid catalyst.
- the gasification reaction proceeds by bringing the above-mentioned finely powdered gasification accelerator into contact with the finely powdered biomass in a fluidized state, whereby the gaseous phase in the gas phase is reduced.
- introducing the gasification accelerator into the reaction system as described above allows the gasification accelerator to act as a heat medium, thereby increasing the efficiency of the gasification reaction. It is also important in making progress.
- an extremely easily available or inexpensive clay component such as smectite clay is used as a gasification accelerator, and this is continuously used in the regeneration zone.
- the gasification reaction can be performed while regenerating. According to this method, a part of the gasification accelerator is continuously replaced at a relatively high exchange rate, and carbon deposited on the gasification accelerator due to the decomposition reaction is removed in the regeneration zone.
- the catalytic cracking reaction can be efficiently performed while maintaining the catalytic activity of the gasification promoter.
- the gasification method according to the present invention can be roughly divided into two modes depending on the selection of the reaction conditions in the reaction zone.
- One method is to operate the reaction vessel that constitutes the gasification reaction zone in a relatively high temperature range of about 500 to 800 ° C to avoid carbon deposition on the gasification accelerator.
- a regeneration zone for the gasification promoter is not required.
- the reaction zone may include a supply means for supplying the finely divided biomass raw material, a supply means for supplying a gasifying agent such as steam, and a separation means for removing the finely divided gasification accelerator and ash from the produced gas. .
- Another more preferred embodiment is one in which the reaction is carried out in a lower temperature range of about 450-750 ° C., in which a carbonaceous component is deposited on the gasification accelerator, and the carbon content is reduced. Is removed by combustion in a regeneration zone provided separately from the reaction zone, or by partial combustion and carbonaceous gasification reaction.
- a regeneration tower for regenerating such a gasification accelerator is equipped with an air supply device and a device that separates the catalyst from the flue gas, and the catalyst can circulate through both the reaction tank and the regeneration tower. They are connected by such pipes.
- the gasification reaction occurs not only in the reaction tank, but also in the piping upstream of the reaction tank.
- oxygen is supplied for performing partial oxidation.
- air it is necessary to separate and purify oxygen from air.
- the gas for methanol synthesis is diluted with nitrogen.
- the air since air is used for combustion, there is no need to separate oxygen, and the air is supplied to the regeneration tower, and the exhaust gas is separated from the gas produced from the reaction tank by a gun. Since it is discharged as a stream, there is no problem that the gas for methanol synthesis is diluted with nitrogen.
- the product gas obtained in this way contains no tar or soot, is clean, and has a hydrogen / carbon monoxide ratio close to 2: 1 and is a raw material gas suitable for methanol synthesis.
- a preferred embodiment of the present invention includes a step of recovering at least a part of the heat generated in the regeneration zone and / or the waste heat and effectively utilizing the recovered heat and / or waste heat. The heat recovered in this way can be effectively used for drying and heating the biomass raw material, generating steam as a gasifying agent, and the like.
- the biomass polymer and the pyrolysis product liberated in the gas phase can be promptly removed. It is effective in that it can be decomposed, but it also transfers the energy required for the reaction to biomass by heat conduction due to contact between biomass and gasification accelerator and radiation from gasification accelerator. It is presumed that this gasification promoter also plays an important role as a heat transfer medium.
- this gasification promoter also plays an important role as a heat transfer medium.
- by-products are adsorbed on the catalyst surface, and the heat generated as the chars adsorbed in the regeneration tower burns is transferred to the reaction zone to transfer the biomass. Also has the function of heating.
- the multi-functionality of the gasification accelerator dramatically improves the heat balance of the gasification reaction process, enabling efficient gas synthesis under mild temperature and pressure conditions. Gas production becomes possible.
- the present invention includes a method for producing a liquid fuel such as methanol from the useful raw material gas obtained by the above method. Specifically, the generated gas obtained in the above process is adjusted for components by a shift reaction device as necessary, carbon dioxide is removed by a carbon dioxide removal device, and then the catalyst is reacted by a catalyst reaction in a methanol synthesis device. Evening knol can be synthesized. Therefore, a method for synthesizing a metal from the obtained product gas can be appropriately carried out by known means. Further, in the present invention, since the gasification accelerator used is made of clay, the mixture of waste catalyst (clay) and ash discarded after the reaction is directly reduced to soil and effectively used as a soil conditioner. Is also possible.
- soil conditioners are particularly useful when there is a concern that the soil will gradually decrease in fertility / productivity due to continued harvesting of biomass.
- Use of such waste as a soil conditioner is preferable in improving acidic soil and replenishing mineral components to the soil.
- the soil can be improved by improving the nutrient adsorption power and water retention of clay. It is possible to increase one's own productivity.
- the useful gas obtained by performing the above-described gasification method can be used as it is as a gaseous fuel.
- a stainless steel reaction vessel with an inner diameter of 43 mm and a height of 500 mm is filled with either activated clay or silica sand as a fluid medium, and fluidized with nitrogen gas and water vapor.
- the powder was charged and gasified.
- the activated clay was granulated by adding water, dried, calcined at 600 to 65 ° C., and sieved. A portion having a particle size of 74 to 125 / m was used.
- Silica sand having a particle size of 250 to 300 jum was used.
- Example 2 The same reaction vessel as in Example 1 was once used as a gasification accelerator, then charged with activated clay as a fluidizing medium, and similarly fluidized with nitrogen gas and steam. In the regeneration of activated clay, which was gasified by charging cellulose powder from the upper part, the adsorbed char was completely removed by heating at 850 ° C for 60 minutes, and the particle size was 74 to 125 jum by sieving. Was used.
- the main experimental conditions and the results are as follows.
- a gasification accelerator made of clay is used in a gasification reaction zone. It is possible to provide a method that allows the gasification reaction to proceed efficiently and effectively under relatively low temperature conditions, and that can solve the problems associated with the generation of tar and soot.
- the useful gas obtained by such gasification of biomass can be used as a gaseous fuel, and the waste gas and ash produced as by-products by the gasification method are included. Waste can be effectively used as a soil conditioner, and it is extremely useful as an industrial technology suitable for a recycling-oriented society.
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- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Low-Molecular Organic Synthesis Reactions Using Catalysts (AREA)
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Description
Claims
Priority Applications (1)
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US10/485,608 US9187704B2 (en) | 2001-07-31 | 2002-07-29 | Method of biomass gasification |
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JP2001231093A JP4259777B2 (ja) | 2001-07-31 | 2001-07-31 | バイオマスのガス化方法 |
JP2001-231093 | 2001-07-31 |
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WO2003012012A1 true WO2003012012A1 (fr) | 2003-02-13 |
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PCT/JP2002/007658 WO2003012012A1 (fr) | 2001-07-31 | 2002-07-29 | Procede de gazeification de la biomasse |
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US (1) | US9187704B2 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP4259777B2 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN100383223C (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2003012012A1 (ja) |
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RU2723865C1 (ru) * | 2019-08-12 | 2020-06-17 | Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Кубанский государственный технологический университет" (ФГБОУ ВО "КубГТУ") | Способ получения синтез-газа из биомассы растительного происхождения |
WO2021181560A1 (ja) * | 2020-03-11 | 2021-09-16 | 株式会社クボタ | 非晶質シリカの製造方法及び非晶質シリカの製造装置 |
JP2022055446A (ja) * | 2020-09-29 | 2022-04-08 | 株式会社日立製作所 | 燃料製造方法および燃料製造システム |
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JPH0741767A (ja) * | 1993-07-26 | 1995-02-10 | Osaka Gas Co Ltd | バイオマスの熱分解方法 |
EP0648829A1 (en) * | 1993-10-19 | 1995-04-19 | Mitsubishi Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Process for the gasification of organic materials, processes for the gasification of glass fiber reinforced plastics, and apparatus |
DE4409643A1 (de) * | 1994-03-21 | 1995-09-28 | Karlfried Cost | Gaserzeuger mit umlaufendem Lößlehm |
JPH09111254A (ja) * | 1995-10-23 | 1997-04-28 | Kansai Electric Power Co Inc:The | 有機物のガス化・分解装置 |
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2001
- 2001-07-31 JP JP2001231093A patent/JP4259777B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
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2002
- 2002-07-29 CN CNB028150058A patent/CN100383223C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2002-07-29 WO PCT/JP2002/007658 patent/WO2003012012A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2002-07-29 US US10/485,608 patent/US9187704B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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JPH0586374A (ja) * | 1991-09-26 | 1993-04-06 | Teikoku Sekiyu Kk | 炭水化物を可燃性のガスに分解する方法 |
JPH05213778A (ja) * | 1992-01-10 | 1993-08-24 | Agency Of Ind Science & Technol | セルロース系バイオマスからの炭化水素の製造方法 |
JPH0741767A (ja) * | 1993-07-26 | 1995-02-10 | Osaka Gas Co Ltd | バイオマスの熱分解方法 |
EP0648829A1 (en) * | 1993-10-19 | 1995-04-19 | Mitsubishi Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Process for the gasification of organic materials, processes for the gasification of glass fiber reinforced plastics, and apparatus |
DE4409643A1 (de) * | 1994-03-21 | 1995-09-28 | Karlfried Cost | Gaserzeuger mit umlaufendem Lößlehm |
JPH09111254A (ja) * | 1995-10-23 | 1997-04-28 | Kansai Electric Power Co Inc:The | 有機物のガス化・分解装置 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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CN1537156A (zh) | 2004-10-13 |
JP4259777B2 (ja) | 2009-04-30 |
CN100383223C (zh) | 2008-04-23 |
US20040180971A1 (en) | 2004-09-16 |
JP2003041268A (ja) | 2003-02-13 |
US9187704B2 (en) | 2015-11-17 |
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