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WO2003066197A1 - Procede et appareil d'elimination de dioxines et de cendres volantes au moyen d'un plasma a haute temperature - Google Patents

Procede et appareil d'elimination de dioxines et de cendres volantes au moyen d'un plasma a haute temperature Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2003066197A1
WO2003066197A1 PCT/KR2002/000923 KR0200923W WO03066197A1 WO 2003066197 A1 WO2003066197 A1 WO 2003066197A1 KR 0200923 W KR0200923 W KR 0200923W WO 03066197 A1 WO03066197 A1 WO 03066197A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
flue gas
dioxin
cooling
thermal plasma
washing
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/KR2002/000923
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Sin Do Kim
Jong Ho Kim
Ae Kwon Yoo
Original Assignee
Tbi Co., Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Tbi Co., Ltd filed Critical Tbi Co., Ltd
Priority to AU2002307695A priority Critical patent/AU2002307695A1/en
Publication of WO2003066197A1 publication Critical patent/WO2003066197A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62D—CHEMICAL MEANS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES OR FOR COMBATING OR PROTECTING AGAINST HARMFUL CHEMICAL AGENTS; CHEMICAL MATERIALS FOR USE IN BREATHING APPARATUS
    • A62D3/00—Processes for making harmful chemical substances harmless or less harmful, by effecting a chemical change in the substances
    • A62D3/10—Processes for making harmful chemical substances harmless or less harmful, by effecting a chemical change in the substances by subjecting to electric or wave energy or particle or ionizing radiation
    • A62D3/19—Processes for making harmful chemical substances harmless or less harmful, by effecting a chemical change in the substances by subjecting to electric or wave energy or particle or ionizing radiation to plasma
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/32—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by electrical effects other than those provided for in group B01D61/00
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
    • B01D53/48—Sulfur compounds
    • B01D53/50—Sulfur oxides
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
    • B01D53/48—Sulfur compounds
    • B01D53/52—Hydrogen sulfide
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
    • B01D53/68—Halogens or halogen compounds
    • B01D53/70—Organic halogen compounds
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G7/00—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals
    • F23G7/06—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals of waste gases or noxious gases, e.g. exhaust gases
    • F23G7/061—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals of waste gases or noxious gases, e.g. exhaust gases with supplementary heating
    • F23G7/065—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals of waste gases or noxious gases, e.g. exhaust gases with supplementary heating using gaseous or liquid fuel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
    • F23J15/02—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material
    • F23J15/04—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material using washing fluids
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
    • F23J15/06—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of coolers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
    • H05H1/00—Generating plasma; Handling plasma
    • H05H1/24—Generating plasma
    • H05H1/26—Plasma torches
    • H05H1/28—Cooling arrangements
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62D—CHEMICAL MEANS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES OR FOR COMBATING OR PROTECTING AGAINST HARMFUL CHEMICAL AGENTS; CHEMICAL MATERIALS FOR USE IN BREATHING APPARATUS
    • A62D2101/00—Harmful chemical substances made harmless, or less harmful, by effecting chemical change
    • A62D2101/20—Organic substances
    • A62D2101/22—Organic substances containing halogen
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62D—CHEMICAL MEANS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES OR FOR COMBATING OR PROTECTING AGAINST HARMFUL CHEMICAL AGENTS; CHEMICAL MATERIALS FOR USE IN BREATHING APPARATUS
    • A62D2101/00—Harmful chemical substances made harmless, or less harmful, by effecting chemical change
    • A62D2101/20—Organic substances
    • A62D2101/28—Organic substances containing oxygen, sulfur, selenium or tellurium, i.e. chalcogen
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
    • B01D2257/30—Sulfur compounds
    • B01D2257/302—Sulfur oxides
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
    • B01D2257/30—Sulfur compounds
    • B01D2257/304—Hydrogen sulfide
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2259/00—Type of treatment
    • B01D2259/80—Employing electric, magnetic, electromagnetic or wave energy, or particle radiation
    • B01D2259/818—Employing electrical discharges or the generation of a plasma
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2204/00—Supplementary heating arrangements
    • F23G2204/20—Supplementary heating arrangements using electric energy
    • F23G2204/201—Plasma
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J2215/00—Preventing emissions
    • F23J2215/30—Halogen; Compounds thereof
    • F23J2215/301—Dioxins; Furans
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J2219/00—Treatment devices
    • F23J2219/80—Quenching
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
    • H05H2245/00—Applications of plasma devices
    • H05H2245/10—Treatment of gases
    • H05H2245/15—Ambient air; Ozonisers

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a dioxin removal apparatus, and more
  • thermal plasma in which the flue gas emitted from waste incinerators is
  • the flue gas generated at the time of the waste incineration includes many kinds of environmental contaminants such as dioxin, nitrogen
  • dioxin refers to organic compound such as polychlorinated
  • PGDDs dibenzo-p-dioxins
  • PCDFs polychlorinated dibenxofurans
  • the dioxin is not decomposed well in the natural state because its molecular
  • Dioxin is generated through various paths. It is included mainly in
  • chlorinated precursors such as chlorinated phenol, chlorinated benzene,
  • dioxin is
  • °C is that chlorine is generated vigorously from chloride by catalysis of
  • the incinerator should be operated at
  • the dioxin removal apparatuses in use in wastes incineration facilities
  • SCR catalyst reactor
  • SNCR selective non-catalytic reduction
  • the incinerator is effective.
  • Such a method is effective in inhibiting the
  • the other is a method of adsorbing dioxin by allowing
  • activated carbon are sprayed into flue gas for the adsorbing dioxin
  • present invention is to provide a dioxin and particulate removal apparatus
  • the decomposition step keeps the temperature of the flue
  • reaction chamber for introducing flue gas containing dioxin
  • thermal plasma torch installed at one side of
  • reaction chamber using thermal plasma
  • cooling and washing chamber
  • a demister installed adjacent to the cooling and washing chamber for reducing
  • the thermal plasma torch makes a thermal plasma flame of
  • the thermal plasma torch includes a torch body formed of
  • a cylindrical hollow tube a cylindrical hollow tube; a cathode rod installed inside of the torch body; a
  • reaction chamber installed on a duct in-line of the wastes
  • reaction chamber having thermal
  • reaction chamber and having cooling water spraying nozzles mounted on the
  • wastewater discharging means for discharging wastewater generated in the
  • the temperature of the reaction chamber is maintained
  • the plasma torches are installed in the reaction
  • the reaction chamber is made of a heat resistant material
  • the cooling and washing chamber has cooling water spraying nozzles installed on the ceiling portion, reduces the
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic flow diagram showing the dioxin and particulate
  • FIG. 2 is a cross section showing an example of the thermal plasma
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic partial cross sectional view showing the dioxin
  • FIG. 4 is a cross sectional view showing the dioxin and particulate
  • FIG. 5 is a cross sectional view showing the dioxin and particulate
  • FIG. 6 and FIG. 7 are schematic cross sectional views showing the
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the dioxin and particulate
  • the decomposition step 100 according the present invention is performed in an incinerator of wastes incineration facilities.
  • the flue gas discharged in the decomposition step 100 progresses to
  • the flue gas discharged in the decomposition step 100 is at a high temperature of above 1000 °C, and
  • nitric oxide reacts with oxygen to produce nitrogen oxides(NOx).
  • the flue gas should be cooled to below the reaction temperature. Also, when
  • method according to the present invention includes a step of rapidly cooling
  • flue gas of a high temperature to below 200 °C, more preferably below 70 °C.
  • the cooling and washing step 200 is a process of cooling the flue gas
  • washing chamber wet scrubbing chamber
  • the cooling process is rapidly performed by using the latent heat of cooling
  • cooling water is sprayed directly to the flue gas of a high
  • washing step 200 is followed by the wastewater removal step. Cooling
  • removal step 300 is drained to the outside through a separate discharge step
  • thermal plasma of the present invention are simpler than a
  • FIG. 2 is a cross sectional view showing an example of
  • thermal plasma torches 20 use a direct current arc electric discharge or high
  • inert gases such as Ar and He or used gases such as N2,
  • thermal plasma or heat plasma
  • the plasma is much higher in temperature than low temperature plasma
  • particles are in non-equilibrium at a temperature near room temperature.
  • the thermal plasma torch 20 consists of a torch
  • a thermal plasma flame 27 a thermal plasma flame 27.
  • a cooling water inlet 28 and outlet 29 are installed in a hollow tube of the torch body 23 to allow circulation of
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic cross sectional view showing the thermal
  • a reaction chamber 24 is formed at the lower portion of the
  • thermal plasma to be discharged to the outside through a discharge outlet 37.
  • FIG. 4 and FIG. 5 are schematic cross sectional views
  • FIG. 4 and FIG. 5 the dioxin and particulate removal apparatus 10 using
  • thermal plasma according to the present invention includes the thermal
  • thermo-chemically decomposed in the reaction chamber 24 installed at the
  • a demister 40 for removing water generated in the cooling
  • washing room 30 and a storage tank 50 for temporarily storing cooling
  • frequency electric power source is connected between the plasma torch
  • nitrogen oxides that may be formed by the retention of flue gas at a
  • FIG. 5 is a cross sectional view showing the dioxin
  • thermo-chemically in the reaction chamber 24 is rapidly introduced into the reaction chamber 24
  • FIG. 6 and FIG. 7 are cross sectional view showing the
  • FIG. 6 and FIG.7 Another embodiments of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 6 and FIG.7,
  • cooling water are installed on a duct in-line of a wastes incineration facility.
  • reaction chamber 60 is installed for introducing
  • reaction chamber 60 is maintained above at least 900 °C, more preferably above 1500 °C. Especially, since the reaction chamber of the present embodiment is
  • a manifold of plasma torches disposed outside the thermal plasma torch 20, a manifold of plasma torches
  • chamber 60 can contact the thermal plasma flames sufficiently.
  • the thermal plasma flames sufficiently.
  • a manifold of plasma torches 20 are arranged in zigzags to
  • manifold of plasma torches 20 are askew arranged to agitate the flue gas to
  • reaction chamber 60 is made of a heat resistant
  • cooling unit 63 is installed outside the reaction chamber 60 for protecting the
  • reaction chamber 60 may be properly selected by a engineer skilled in the
  • reaction chamber 60 is rapidly transferred to the cooling and washing room
  • the flue gas is transferred to the cooling and washing room 90 by a blower and an inlet fan(not shown).
  • the cooling and washing room (90) is intended for the flue gas of a high
  • demister (40) is installed at the rear
  • the demister (40) is discharged to the outside through a cooling wastewater collecting part (53) and a discharge tube (55) installed below the cooling and
  • the dioxin and particulate removal apparatus As described above, the dioxin and particulate removal apparatus
  • thermal plasma can remove above 92% of dioxin, particulate, and other
  • apparatus may be applied to the treatment of flue gas discharged from not
  • apparatus using thermal plasma can completely combusts various pollutants

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Treating Waste Gases (AREA)
  • Separation Of Particles Using Liquids (AREA)
  • Filtering Of Dispersed Particles In Gases (AREA)
  • Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
  • Plasma Technology (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un nouvel appareil d'élimination de dioxines, notamment, un appareil d'élimination de particules et de dioxines et un procédé utilisant un plasma thermique. Selon ledit procédé, les fumées engendrées à partir d'installations d'incinération de déchets sont complètement brûlées, et puis, elles sont rapidement refroidies par des eaux pulvérisées de manière à empêcher la denovo-synthèse de la dioxine ou la génération de nitrates au cours du processus subséquent et, simultanément, divers polluants environnementaux contenus dans les fumées sont éliminés par lavage. Ledit procédé de cette invention comporte une étape de décomposition reposant sur une destruction thermo-chimique des fumées contenant des dioxines, de la suie, des particules, et des produits de combustion incomplets, générés à partir d'une installation d'incinération à l'aide d'un plasma thermique, une étape de refroidissement et de lavage consistant à refroidir rapidement les fumées chaudes à l'étape de décomposition et, simultanément, à laver les polluants des fumées, une étape de déshydratation servant à diminuer le contenu d'eau dans les fumées refroidies à l'étape de refroidissement et de lavage, et une étape de déchargement des eaux résiduaires permettant de décharger l'eau de refroidissement utilisée à l'étape de lavage et de refroidissement (200) et à l'étape de déshydratation (300).
PCT/KR2002/000923 2002-02-07 2002-05-17 Procede et appareil d'elimination de dioxines et de cendres volantes au moyen d'un plasma a haute temperature WO2003066197A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU2002307695A AU2002307695A1 (en) 2002-02-07 2002-05-17 Method and apparatus for excluding dioxin and fly ash using high temperature plasma

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
KR2002/7143 2002-02-07
KR1020020007143A KR20030067241A (ko) 2002-02-07 2002-02-07 고온 플라즈마를 이용한 다이옥신 및 분진 제거방법 및 그장치

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2003066197A1 true WO2003066197A1 (fr) 2003-08-14

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Country Status (4)

Country Link
JP (1) JP2003251146A (fr)
KR (1) KR20030067241A (fr)
AU (1) AU2002307695A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2003066197A1 (fr)

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WO2006021945A1 (fr) * 2004-08-26 2006-03-02 E.S.T. Ecological Systems Ltd. Procédé et système servant à traiter un rejet chimique
ITPI20080072A1 (it) * 2008-08-06 2010-02-07 Reco 2 S R L Metodo e apparato per purificare gas
EP1955757A3 (fr) * 2007-02-08 2010-11-24 Clean Technology Co., Ltd. Système de traitement de gaz d'échappement
EP1839318A4 (fr) * 2004-10-15 2010-11-24 Global Environmental Concepts Dispositif et procede de production de faisceau d'electrons a arc electrique
WO2011072358A1 (fr) * 2009-12-17 2011-06-23 Jose Manoel Martins Jose Solidification de polluants sous forme de blocs multi-usages
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WO2015125016A1 (fr) * 2014-02-18 2015-08-27 Ugra S.R.L. Procédé et appareil pour purifier un gaz contenant des polluants
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US20210410264A1 (en) * 2017-01-23 2021-12-30 Edwards Korea Ltd. Nitrogen oxide reduction apparatus and gas treating apparatus
CN114534433A (zh) * 2022-01-28 2022-05-27 安徽正通环境科技有限公司 一种烟气中二噁英的脱除方法及装置
CN114832867A (zh) * 2021-02-02 2022-08-02 国家能源投资集团有限责任公司 提高蜂窝脱硝催化剂低温活性的起活方法
CN116688665A (zh) * 2023-06-05 2023-09-05 江苏永纪实业集团有限公司 一种用于硫酸净化的烟气净化设备及净化工艺

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