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WO2003056693A1 - Control apparatus for the starting of a three-phase high-voltage alternating-current motor - Google Patents

Control apparatus for the starting of a three-phase high-voltage alternating-current motor Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2003056693A1
WO2003056693A1 PCT/FI2002/001004 FI0201004W WO03056693A1 WO 2003056693 A1 WO2003056693 A1 WO 2003056693A1 FI 0201004 W FI0201004 W FI 0201004W WO 03056693 A1 WO03056693 A1 WO 03056693A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
voltage
motor
control
phase
controllable
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/FI2002/001004
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Aarno Ahola
Jarmo Paajanen
Original Assignee
Aarno Ahola
Jarmo Paajanen
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Aarno Ahola, Jarmo Paajanen filed Critical Aarno Ahola
Priority to AU2002350763A priority Critical patent/AU2002350763A1/en
Publication of WO2003056693A1 publication Critical patent/WO2003056693A1/en

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P1/00—Arrangements for starting electric motors or dynamo-electric converters
    • H02P1/16—Arrangements for starting electric motors or dynamo-electric converters for starting dynamo-electric motors or dynamo-electric converters
    • H02P1/26—Arrangements for starting electric motors or dynamo-electric converters for starting dynamo-electric motors or dynamo-electric converters for starting an individual polyphase induction motor
    • H02P1/28—Arrangements for starting electric motors or dynamo-electric converters for starting dynamo-electric motors or dynamo-electric converters for starting an individual polyphase induction motor by progressive increase of voltage applied to primary circuit of motor

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a control apparatus for the starting of a three- phase high-voltage alternating-current motor for which the electric power feed is implemented using a transformer that raises the voltage of a low-voltage three- phase voltage source, such as a supply network, to produce a feed voltage for the motor.
  • high-voltage cage induction motors having a nominal voltage exceeding 3 kV, typically 6, 6.6 or 11 kV, can not be started by simply closing a switch in the stator circuit, because the large current surge causes disturbances in the supply network an in other electric apparatus. For this reason, high-voltage cage induction motors need to be provided with various starting arrangements.
  • a high-voltage cage induction motor is started by means of a high- voltage starting system connected before the motor and comprising e.g. a star- delta connection.
  • a high-voltage cage induction motor is started by means of a high- voltage starting system connected before the motor and comprising e.g. a star- delta connection.
  • This type of high-voltage systems are complicated and expensive.
  • the object of the present invention is to eliminate the above-mentioned drawbacks.
  • the control apparatus of the invention for starting a three-phase high- voltage alternating-current motor is characterized in that the control apparatus is a low-voltage system connected before a transformer, the starting of the motor being controlled via the transformer from a low-voltage source.
  • control apparatus comprises controllable semiconductor switches connected to each phase of the low-voltage supply network and their control unit for controlling the motor in a stepless manner at start-up.
  • control apparatus comprises in each phase inverse-parallel connected semiconductor elements, at least one of which is controllable, and the control unit contains triggering circuits for controlling the semiconductor elements, and that, to generate a control signal, the triggering circuit in each phase is connected to the triggering circuits in the other two phases in such manner that the triggering circuit produces a control signal for the controllable semiconductor switch by combining signals obtained from the control signals of the other two phases.
  • a preferred embodiment of the apparatus of the invention is characterized in that the control circuit comprises first resistors connected between the triggering circuits of different phases, and second resistors connected between the first resistors and the triggering circuit.
  • the apparatus of the invention is suited for use in many applications, e.g. in motors controlling the fore propeller mechanisms of ships,- where high-voltage cage induction motors have to be started relatively frequently.
  • the control system may consist of a low-voltage apparatus, which is both smaller and more economical in price than high-voltage apparatus.
  • starting jerks can be avoided especially in high-power motors.
  • Fig. 1 presents a cage transformer fed cage induction motor and a motor starter according to the invention
  • Fig. 2 presents a more detailed illustration of the control unit.
  • Fig. 1 shows an 11-kV high-voltage cage induction motor M1 as used e.g. for controlling the fore propeller mechanism of a ship, a transformer T1 (step-up transformer) and a low-voltage soft-starter S1 for controlling the three-phase cage induction motor M1 at start-up.
  • the starter circuit S1 is connected via a power supply switch Q1 to a three-phase supply network L1 - L3, e.g. to a main control panel having a voltage of e.g. 440 V.
  • the starter circuit S1 comprises first and second thyristors T1 and T2 connected in inverse-parallel between the supply network L1, L2 and L3 and the transformer, the second thyristor T2 having its anode connected to the supply network and its cathode to the output terminal while the first thyristor T1 has its cathode connected to the supply network and the anode to the output terminal.
  • the thyristors form the power stage G1 , G2 and G3 in each phase of the starter circuit.
  • the control circuit controlling the first thyristors has triggering circuits TRIGG1 for each thyristor and first resistors R1 connected between the triggering circuits TRIGG1 of different phases, and second, variable resistors R2 connected between the first resistors and the triggering circuit.
  • the triggering circuit of each phase is thus connected to the control circuits of the two other phases so that the control circuit produces a control signal of thyristor T1 by combining signals obtained from the control signals of the other two phases.
  • the apparatus works as follows: When the switch Q1 is closed, the line voltage is connected to the inverse-parallel circuit and the motor is started. Via thyristor T2, which is controlled by a firing circuit (not shown) known in itself, the positive half-cycle of the sinusoidal voltage is passed to the motor, whereas the negative half-cycle is routed via thyristor T1 , which is controlled by a triggering circuit TRIGG1. As the motor is picking up speed, the triggering circuit increases the firing angle of the thyristor until, when the thyristor is fully or nearly fully turned on, current ceases to flow through a firing angle monitoring unit MON1, whereafter the motor can be fed directly from the power network via a controllable switch unit (not shown). Thus, the motor is started by means of thyristors T1 and T2 and driven directly by line power during normal operation. The acceleration rate can be adjusted by varying the second resistor in each phase simultaneously.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Motor And Converter Starters (AREA)

Abstract

Control apparatus for the starting of a high-voltage alter-nating-current motor (M1) with a voltage rating of at least 3 kV, the electric power supply to said motor being implemented using a transformer (T1) that raises the voltage of a low-voltage, at most 1-kV three-phase voltage source, such as a supply network, to produce a high voltage feeding the motor. The control apparatus is a low-voltage system connected before the transformer, the starting of the motor being controlled via the transformer from the low-voltage source.

Description

CONTROL APPARATUS FOR THE STARTING OF A THREE-PHASE HIGH- VOLTAGE ALTERNATING-CURRENT MOTOR
The present invention relates to a control apparatus for the starting of a three- phase high-voltage alternating-current motor for which the electric power feed is implemented using a transformer that raises the voltage of a low-voltage three- phase voltage source, such as a supply network, to produce a feed voltage for the motor.
Because of their large starting current, high-voltage cage induction motors having a nominal voltage exceeding 3 kV, typically 6, 6.6 or 11 kV, can not be started by simply closing a switch in the stator circuit, because the large current surge causes disturbances in the supply network an in other electric apparatus. For this reason, high-voltage cage induction motors need to be provided with various starting arrangements.
At present, a high-voltage cage induction motor is started by means of a high- voltage starting system connected before the motor and comprising e.g. a star- delta connection. This type of high-voltage systems are complicated and expensive.
The object of the present invention is to eliminate the above-mentioned drawbacks. The control apparatus of the invention for starting a three-phase high- voltage alternating-current motor is characterized in that the control apparatus is a low-voltage system connected before a transformer, the starting of the motor being controlled via the transformer from a low-voltage source.
An embodiment of the apparatus of the invention is characterized in that the control apparatus comprises controllable semiconductor switches connected to each phase of the low-voltage supply network and their control unit for controlling the motor in a stepless manner at start-up. An embodiment of the apparatus of the invention is characterized in that the control apparatus comprises in each phase inverse-parallel connected semiconductor elements, at least one of which is controllable, and the control unit contains triggering circuits for controlling the semiconductor elements, and that, to generate a control signal, the triggering circuit in each phase is connected to the triggering circuits in the other two phases in such manner that the triggering circuit produces a control signal for the controllable semiconductor switch by combining signals obtained from the control signals of the other two phases.
A preferred embodiment of the apparatus of the invention is characterized in that the control circuit comprises first resistors connected between the triggering circuits of different phases, and second resistors connected between the first resistors and the triggering circuit.
Other embodiments of the apparatus of the invention are characterized by what is presented in the other claims.
The apparatus of the invention is suited for use in many applications, e.g. in motors controlling the fore propeller mechanisms of ships,- where high-voltage cage induction motors have to be started relatively frequently. In the apparatus of the invention, as the starting is controlled from a low-voltage network via a transformer, the control system may consist of a low-voltage apparatus, which is both smaller and more economical in price than high-voltage apparatus. In addition, by using the apparatus of the invention, starting jerks can be avoided especially in high-power motors.
In the following, the invention will be described in detail by the aid of an example with reference to the attached drawings, wherein
Fig. 1 presents a cage transformer fed cage induction motor and a motor starter according to the invention, and Fig. 2 presents a more detailed illustration of the control unit.
Fig. 1 shows an 11-kV high-voltage cage induction motor M1 as used e.g. for controlling the fore propeller mechanism of a ship, a transformer T1 (step-up transformer) and a low-voltage soft-starter S1 for controlling the three-phase cage induction motor M1 at start-up. The starter circuit S1 is connected via a power supply switch Q1 to a three-phase supply network L1 - L3, e.g. to a main control panel having a voltage of e.g. 440 V.
The starter circuit S1 comprises first and second thyristors T1 and T2 connected in inverse-parallel between the supply network L1, L2 and L3 and the transformer, the second thyristor T2 having its anode connected to the supply network and its cathode to the output terminal while the first thyristor T1 has its cathode connected to the supply network and the anode to the output terminal. The thyristors form the power stage G1 , G2 and G3 in each phase of the starter circuit.
The control circuit controlling the first thyristors has triggering circuits TRIGG1 for each thyristor and first resistors R1 connected between the triggering circuits TRIGG1 of different phases, and second, variable resistors R2 connected between the first resistors and the triggering circuit. For generating a control signal, the triggering circuit of each phase is thus connected to the control circuits of the two other phases so that the control circuit produces a control signal of thyristor T1 by combining signals obtained from the control signals of the other two phases.
The apparatus works as follows: When the switch Q1 is closed, the line voltage is connected to the inverse-parallel circuit and the motor is started. Via thyristor T2, which is controlled by a firing circuit (not shown) known in itself, the positive half-cycle of the sinusoidal voltage is passed to the motor, whereas the negative half-cycle is routed via thyristor T1 , which is controlled by a triggering circuit TRIGG1. As the motor is picking up speed, the triggering circuit increases the firing angle of the thyristor until, when the thyristor is fully or nearly fully turned on, current ceases to flow through a firing angle monitoring unit MON1, whereafter the motor can be fed directly from the power network via a controllable switch unit (not shown). Thus, the motor is started by means of thyristors T1 and T2 and driven directly by line power during normal operation. The acceleration rate can be adjusted by varying the second resistor in each phase simultaneously.
It is obvious to the skilled person that different embodiments of the invention are not limited to the example described above, but that they may be varied within the scope of the claims presented below.

Claims

1. Control apparatus for the starting of a high-voltage alternating-current motor (M1) with a voltage rating of at least 3 kV, the electric power supply to said motor being implemented using a transformer (T1) that raises the voltage of a low- voltage, at most 1-kV three-phase voltage source, such as a supply network, to produce a high voltage feeding the motor, characterized in that the control apparatus is a low-voltage system connected before the transformer, the starting of the motor being controlled via the transformer from the low-voltage source.
2. Apparatus according to claim 1 for controlling a three-phase alternating- current motor, characterized in that the control apparatus comprises controllable semiconductor switches (T1, T2) connected to each phase of the low- voltage supply network, and their control unit for controlling the motor in a stepless manner at start-up.
3. Apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the control apparatus has in each phase inverse-parallel connected semiconductor elements (T1, T2), at least one of which is controllable, and the control unit contains trig- gering circuits (TRIGG1) for controlling the controllable semiconductor elements, and that, to generate a control signal, the triggering circuit in each phase is connected to the triggering circuits in the other two phases in such manner that the triggering circuit produces a control signal for the controllable semiconductor switch by combining signals obtained from the control signals of the other two phases.
4. Apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the control apparatus comprises first resistors (R1) connected between the triggering circuits of different phases, and second resistors (R2) connected between the first resis- tors and the triggering circuit.
5. Apparatus according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that both semiconductor elements are controllable.
6. Apparatus according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the second resistor is variable to allow adjustment of acceleration.
7. Apparatus according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the apparatus comprises a controllable switch unit for feeding the motor via the aforesaid semiconductor elements and directly from the power network during normal operation.
8. Apparatus according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the apparatus comprises in at least one phase a monitoring unit (MON1) connected to the terminals of the inverse-parallel connected semiconductor elements, said monitoring unit being used especially during start-up for monitoring the firing angle of the controllable semiconductor element and for controlling the switch.
9. Apparatus according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the second resistors in the motor control circuit in each phase are connected to each other by their control elements.
PCT/FI2002/001004 2001-12-14 2002-12-11 Control apparatus for the starting of a three-phase high-voltage alternating-current motor WO2003056693A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU2002350763A AU2002350763A1 (en) 2001-12-14 2002-12-11 Control apparatus for the starting of a three-phase high-voltage alternating-current motor

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FI20012470A FI20012470A7 (en) 2001-12-14 2001-12-14 Control equipment for starting a three-phase high-voltage alternating current motor
FI20012470 2001-12-14

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2003056693A1 true WO2003056693A1 (en) 2003-07-10

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FI (1) FI20012470A7 (en)
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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102916626A (en) * 2012-11-06 2013-02-06 陕西科技大学 Three-phase chopper control soft starter
CN102916625A (en) * 2012-11-06 2013-02-06 陕西科技大学 Complementary-pulse two-phase voltage regulation soft starter

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5716585A (en) * 1980-07-03 1982-01-28 Shinko Electric Co Ltd Operating method for motor by inverter
EP0351821A2 (en) * 1988-07-19 1990-01-24 A-Teollisuus Oy Apparatus for the control of a three-phase a.c. motor, especially a squirrel-cage motor
JPH03143281A (en) * 1989-10-26 1991-06-18 Ekon Kk Starter for high voltage ac induction motor
WO1999052202A1 (en) * 1998-04-07 1999-10-14 Electronica Industrial A.G.R., S.L. New digital control device applicable to alternating current motors

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5716585A (en) * 1980-07-03 1982-01-28 Shinko Electric Co Ltd Operating method for motor by inverter
EP0351821A2 (en) * 1988-07-19 1990-01-24 A-Teollisuus Oy Apparatus for the control of a three-phase a.c. motor, especially a squirrel-cage motor
JPH03143281A (en) * 1989-10-26 1991-06-18 Ekon Kk Starter for high voltage ac induction motor
WO1999052202A1 (en) * 1998-04-07 1999-10-14 Electronica Industrial A.G.R., S.L. New digital control device applicable to alternating current motors

Non-Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 15, no. 365 (E - 1111) 13 September 1991 (1991-09-13) *
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 6, no. 77 (E - 106) 14 May 1982 (1982-05-14) *

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102916626A (en) * 2012-11-06 2013-02-06 陕西科技大学 Three-phase chopper control soft starter
CN102916625A (en) * 2012-11-06 2013-02-06 陕西科技大学 Complementary-pulse two-phase voltage regulation soft starter
CN102916625B (en) * 2012-11-06 2015-11-04 陕西科技大学 Complementary pulse two-phase voltage regulation soft starter

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FI20012470A0 (en) 2001-12-14
FI20012470A7 (en) 2003-06-15
AU2002350763A1 (en) 2003-07-15

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