+

WO2002035245A1 - Dispositif électronique - Google Patents

Dispositif électronique Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2002035245A1
WO2002035245A1 PCT/EP2001/011979 EP0111979W WO0235245A1 WO 2002035245 A1 WO2002035245 A1 WO 2002035245A1 EP 0111979 W EP0111979 W EP 0111979W WO 0235245 A1 WO0235245 A1 WO 0235245A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
signal
voltage
electronic device
circuit part
square
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2001/011979
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Ronald H. Van Der Voort
Machiel A. M. Hendrix
Original Assignee
Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. filed Critical Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V.
Priority to EP01988867A priority Critical patent/EP1332377A1/fr
Priority to JP2002538176A priority patent/JP2004512531A/ja
Publication of WO2002035245A1 publication Critical patent/WO2002035245A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R21/00—Arrangements for measuring electric power or power factor
    • G01R21/001—Measuring real or reactive component; Measuring apparent energy
    • G01R21/002—Measuring real component
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R21/00—Arrangements for measuring electric power or power factor
    • G01R21/06—Arrangements for measuring electric power or power factor by measuring current and voltage
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R19/00—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof
    • G01R19/02—Measuring effective values, i.e. root-mean-square values
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R21/00—Arrangements for measuring electric power or power factor
    • G01R21/127—Arrangements for measuring electric power or power factor by using pulse modulation
    • G01R21/1271—Measuring real or reactive component, measuring apparent energy
    • G01R21/1273—Measuring real component

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a electronic device for generating a power signal P av , which is a measure of the average power taken from a voltage source NB supplying a sine- shaped voltage Vs.
  • Such a electronic device is well-known and frequently comprises a multiplier.
  • a electronic device which is comparatively inexpensive to manufacture by virtue of its comparatively simple structure, and which enables a power signal to be generated which is a comparatively accurate measure of the power supplied by the voltage source NB.
  • circuit part I for generating a signal U which is a measure of the effective value of the voltage Ns
  • circuit part II for generating a square-wave voltage Nb which is in phase with the sine-shaped voltage Ns
  • circuit part III for generating a signal which is a measure of the product Q of a current Is supplied by the voltage source NB and the square-wave voltage Vb,
  • circuit part IN for generating a signal Q av which is a measure of the average value of the signal Q
  • circuit part V for generating a signal which is a measure of the product of the signal Q av and the signal U, the signal generated by the circuit part N forming the power signal P av .
  • a electronic device in accordance with the invention can be embodied so as to be comparatively simple. It has also been found that a electronic device in accordance with the invention enables a power signal to be generated, which is a very accurate measure of the power supplied by the voltage source NB, said power signal additionally being highly temperature-independent.
  • the power signal P av is directly proportional to the power supplied by the voltage source.
  • the current Is taken from the voltage source Vb is not sine-shaped but can be described, using Fourier analysis, as the sum of an infinite number of sine-shaped terms, the first term having a frequency equal to the frequency of the sine-shaped voltage Ns, and the other terms having a frequency that is a multiple of the frequency of the sine-shaped voltage Ns.
  • the square- wave voltage Vb can be described, using said Fourier analysis, as the sum of an infinite number of sine-shaped terms. Due to the symmetry of the square-wave voltage, however, this sum only comprises terms whose frequency is an odd number of times the frequency of the sine-shaped voltage Ns. From this it can be derived that the product P of the current Is and the square-wave voltage Vb can be expressed as the sum of an infinite number of terms, each term being a product of two sine functions. Only if both sine functions in such a product have the same frequency, the relevant term of the product P has a finite average value.
  • the power signal P av can be expressed as the sum of an infinite number of terms, each term of the square- wave voltage Vb yielding a term of the power signal P av .
  • the first term of the power signal P av represents the power supplied by the voltage source VB.
  • the second term and the higher terms of P av will make a comparatively large, or less large, contribution to the value of P av .
  • the value of P av deviates more from the first term of P av , which represents the power supplied by the voltage source VB, as the shape of the current Is deviates more from a sine shape. It has been found, however, that in many applications the power signal P av generated in the manner described hereinabove is a sufficiently accurate measure of the power supplied. If, however, the second term and the higher terms of the power signal P av lead to an insufficiently accurate representation of the power supplied, then the second and, if desirable, also a random number of the higher terms of P av can be zeroed.
  • the shape of the square- wave voltage Vb is chosen to be such that, in each half period, said square-wave voltage becomes equal to zero not only for the phase angles 0° and 180° but also for the phase angles 20° and 160°, it is achieved that the second term in the sum of terms, which describes the square-wave voltage Vb, is equal to zero.
  • the second term of the power signal P av is also equal to zero.
  • the difference between the first term of P av which represents the power supplied by the voltage source VB, and the (total) value of the power signal P av is smaller than it would be if the square- wave voltage Vb is equal to zero only at the instants at which Vs is equal to zero.
  • the second and the third term are equal to zero now.
  • the second and the third term of the power signal P av are also equal to zero. Consequently, the difference between the first term of P av , which represents the power supplied by the voltage source VB, and the value of the power signal P av has decreased further.
  • the difference between the first term of the power signal P av , which represents the actual power supplied by the voltage source VB, and the (total) value of the power signal P av can be reduced to any value by increasing the number of zero-axis crossings of the square- wave voltage Vb.
  • elimination of the second term or, at the most, the second and the third term from the sum describing the square-wave voltage Vb leads, in the majority of the practical applications, to a sufficiently small difference between the first term of the power signal P av and the total value of the power signal P av . Satisfactory results were obtained with embodiments of a electronic device in accordance with the invention, wherein the circuit part I comprises a rectifier and a low-pass filter, and with embodiments wherein the circuit part IV comprises a low-pass filter.
  • the circuit part II and the circuit part III comprise - a switching element
  • control circuit coupled to a control electrode of the switching element for rendering the switching element conducting and non-conducting if the phase angle ⁇ m has a value at which the square- wave voltage Vb is zero.
  • Such a control circuit can be obtained, for example, by means of a microprocessor wherein the values of the phase angle ⁇ m at which the switching element must be rendered conducting or non-conducting are fixed in a memory forming part of the microprocessor.
  • a electronic device in accordance with the invention can very suitably form part of a power supply circuit provided with a circuit part VI for generating a current from the sine-shaped voltage Vs, which current can be used to energize a load.
  • This load may be, for example, a lamp.
  • Fig. 1 shows a power supply circuit provided with an embodiment of a electronic device in accordance with the invention and with a circuit part for generating a current from a sine-shaped voltage Vs, which current can be used to energize a lamp, and Fig. 1 also shows a lamp connected to this power supply circuit, and
  • Fig. 2 shows the shape of a square- wave voltage generated by a part of the power supply circuit shown in Fig. 1.
  • Kl and K2 are input terminals which are to be connected to a supply voltage source VB supplying a sine-shaped supply voltage.
  • Input terminal Kl is connected to a first input of circuit part VI for generating a current from a sine-shaped voltage Vs supplied by the voltage source VB, which current can be used to energize a lamp.
  • Input terminal K2 is formed, via a sensor SE, by an ohmic resistor connected to a second input of circuit part VI.
  • a lamp La connects a first output of circuit part VI to a second output of circuit part VI.
  • Input terminal Kl is also connected to a first input of comparator COMP and to a first input of rectifier DB which, in this example, is formed by a diode bridge.
  • a second input of comparator COMP is connected to a ground terminal.
  • An output of comparator COMP is connected to a first input of microprocessor MP.
  • Input terminal K2 is connected to a second input of rectifier DB.
  • a first output of rectifier DB is connected to a first input of operational amplifier OAl via ohmic resistor R7.
  • a second output of rectifier DB is connected to a ground terminal.
  • a second input of operational amplifier OAl is also connected to a ground terminal.
  • the first input of operational amplifier OAl is connected to an output of operational amplifier OAl by means of an ohmic resistor R8.
  • Ohmic resistor R8 is shunted by capacitor C2.
  • Rectifier DB, operational amplifier OAl, ohmic resistors R7 and R8, and capacitor C2 jointly form a circuit part I for generating a signal U which is a measure of the effective value of the voltage Vs.
  • Operational amplifier OAl, ohmic resistors R7 and R8 and capacitor C2 jointly form a low-pass filter.
  • the output of operational amplifier OAl is also connected to a second input of microprocessor MP.
  • a series arrangement of ohmic resistors Rl , R3 and R4 connects a first input of operational amplifier OA2 to a second input of operational amplifier OA2.
  • a junction point of ohmic resistors Rl and R3 is connected to an end of the sensor SE.
  • a junction point of ohmic resistors R3 and R4 is connected to a ground terminal by means of a switching element S.
  • the first input of operational amplifier OA2 is connected to an output of operational amplifier OA2 by means of an ohmic resistor R2.
  • the resistance value of Rl is chosen to be equal to that of R2.
  • the output of operational amplifier OA2 is connected to a first input of operational amplifier OA3 by means of an ohmic resistor R5.
  • a second input of operational amplifier OA3 is connected to a ground terminal.
  • the first input of operational amplifier OA3 is connected to an output of operational amplifier OA3 by means of an ohmic resistor R6.
  • Ohmic resistor R6 is shunted by capacitor Cl.
  • the output of operational amplifier OA3 is connected to a third input of microprocessor MP.
  • a first output of microprocessor MP is connected to a control electrode of the switching element S.
  • Microprocessor MP, switching element S, operational amplifier OA2 and ohmic resistors Rl , R2, R3 and R4, in this example, jointly form a circuit part II for generating a square- wave voltage and a circuit part III for generating a signal which is a measure of the product Q of a current Is supplied by the voltage source VB and the square- wave voltage.
  • Ohmic resistors R5 and R6, capacitor Cl and operational amplifier OA3 jointly form a low-pass filter which, in this example, forms a circuit part IV for generating a signal Q av which is a measure of the average value of the signal Q.
  • a second output of the microprocessor MP is connected to a third input of circuit part VI.
  • Fig. 1 The operation of the example shown in Fig. 1 is as follows. If the input terminals Kl and K2 are connected to a supply voltage source VB generating a sine-shaped voltage Vs, then the circuit part VI takes a current Is from the voltage source VB and generates a current through the lamp La. The signal at the output of comparator COMP changes from high to low, or conversely, at each zero-axis crossing of the sine-shaped voltage Vs. This signal is also present on the first input of microprocessor MP. On the second input of said microprocessor, a signal U is present which is generated by the circuit part I, and which is a measure of the effective value of the sine-shaped voltage Vs.
  • a signal is present which is proportional to the instantaneous value of the current Is.
  • This signal is multiplied by a square- wave voltage having the same frequency as the voltage Vs and being in phase with the signal on the first input of the microprocessor and hence also with Vs.
  • This multiplication can be attributed to the fact that the microprocessor renders the switching element S conducting or nonconducting at predetermined instants in each period of the square- wave voltage.
  • These predetermined instants are defined in a Table present in a memory forming part of the microprocessor.
  • the square-wave voltage has a zero-axis crossing for each one of said predetermined instants.
  • the signal at the output of comparator COMP can be used directly as a control signal for the switching element S.
  • the signal Q which is a measure of the instantaneous value of the product of the current Is and the square- wave voltage Vb, is present at the output of operational amplifier OA2.
  • a signal Q av is generated from this signal Q by circuit part IV, said signal Q av being a measure of the average value of signal Q and being present at the output of operational amplifier OA3 and the third input of the microprocessor MP.
  • the microprocessor generates a power signal P av , which is a measure of the average power supplied by the voltage source VB, by multiplying the signal U and the signal Q av .
  • the signal U and the signal Q av are DC signals which do not vary substantially with respect to time, so that the multiplication can be carried out using simple means, and a low "sampling rate" of the microprocessor is sufficient.
  • the power signal P av consists of an infinite number of terms, the first of which represents the power supplied by the voltage source VB.
  • m is a natural number and n is an odd number which is larger than or equal to 3
  • N+l is the number of zero-axis crossings of the square- wave voltage VB per half period.
  • the value of P av is compared by the microprocessor with a reference signal, which is a measure of a desired value of the power supplied, and the microprocessor generates a control signal which depends on the result of this comparison.
  • This control signal is present at the second output of the microprocessor and the third input of the circuit part VI. Under the influence of the control signal, the operating state of the circuit part VI is continuously adapted such that the value of P av is substantially equal to the desired value of the power supplied.
  • a phase angle in degrees is plotted along the horizontal axis, and the voltage in arbitrary units is plotted along the vertical axis.
  • this shape of the square- wave voltage Vb has zero-axis crossings at instants which correspond to the phase angles 0°, 20°, 160°, 180°, 200°, 340° and 360°. If this shape of the square- wave voltage is realized by rendering the switching element conducting or non-conducting at instants which correspond to these phase angles, it is achieved that the second term of the signal P av is equal to zero. As indicated hereinabove, a random number of terms of the signal P av can be reduced to zero by adapting the shape of the square-wave voltage Vb.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Measurement Of Current Or Voltage (AREA)
  • Rectifiers (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un circuit permettant de mesurer la puissance alimentée par une source de tension alimentant une tension de forme sinusoïdale, par établissement d'une moyenne de la multiplication de la valeur instantanée du courant alimenté par la source de tension et d'une tension carrée synchronisée avec la tension de forme sinusoïdale et par multiplication du résultat par la valeur réelle de la tension.
PCT/EP2001/011979 2000-10-26 2001-10-16 Dispositif électronique WO2002035245A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP01988867A EP1332377A1 (fr) 2000-10-26 2001-10-16 Dispositif electronique
JP2002538176A JP2004512531A (ja) 2000-10-26 2001-10-16 電子デバイス

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP00203714 2000-10-26
EP00203714.1 2000-10-26

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2002035245A1 true WO2002035245A1 (fr) 2002-05-02

Family

ID=8172179

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP2001/011979 WO2002035245A1 (fr) 2000-10-26 2001-10-16 Dispositif électronique

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US6597230B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP1332377A1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2004512531A (fr)
CN (1) CN1211665C (fr)
WO (1) WO2002035245A1 (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6890920B2 (en) 2001-10-26 2005-05-10 Pharmacia & Upjohn Company Quaternary ammonium compounds
US8605234B2 (en) 2008-12-05 2013-12-10 Koninklijke Philips N.V. Light guide, patterned light emitting diode device, illumination system and method of generating the light guide or patterned light emitting diode device
US11520157B2 (en) 2018-09-15 2022-12-06 Qxp Technologies Inc. Polarization attenuator and polarization attenuation method

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR101251794B1 (ko) * 2011-09-30 2013-04-08 삼성전기주식회사 전력 측정 시스템
US20190265281A1 (en) * 2016-08-19 2019-08-29 Lucis Technologies (Shanghai) Co., Ltd. Electric power management system and method

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4437059A (en) * 1980-10-21 1984-03-13 Rochester Instrument Systems, Inc. Wattmeter
US4495463A (en) * 1982-02-24 1985-01-22 General Electric Company Electronic watt and/or watthour measuring circuit having active load terminated current sensor for sensing current and providing automatic zero-offset of current sensor DC offset error potentials

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3553428A (en) * 1968-08-30 1971-01-05 Du Pont Apparatus and method for controlling the power supplied to a load
US4112264A (en) * 1976-12-28 1978-09-05 Bowne Time Sharing, Inc. Testing and switching system including remotely controllable stations for information transmission and communications networks and systems
US4318010A (en) * 1978-01-17 1982-03-02 General Atomic Company Apparatus for producing square shaped pulses from a generally sinusoidally shaped signal
CH648934A5 (de) * 1978-12-01 1985-04-15 Landis & Gyr Ag Verfahren zur messung elektrischer leistung.
US4295189A (en) * 1979-12-04 1981-10-13 The University Of Auckland Apparatus and method for generating waveforms which are particularly suitable for a PWM-driven motor

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4437059A (en) * 1980-10-21 1984-03-13 Rochester Instrument Systems, Inc. Wattmeter
US4495463A (en) * 1982-02-24 1985-01-22 General Electric Company Electronic watt and/or watthour measuring circuit having active load terminated current sensor for sensing current and providing automatic zero-offset of current sensor DC offset error potentials

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
REN-JUN LI ET AL: "Microprocessor based fast active power measurement", INDUSTRIAL AND COMMERCIAL POWER SYSTEMS TECHNICAL CONFERENCE, 1994. CONFERENCE RECORD, PAPERS PRESENTED AT THE 1994 ANNUAL MEETING, 1994 IEEE IRVINE, CA, USA 1-5 MAY 1994, NEW YORK, NY, USA,IEEE, 1 May 1994 (1994-05-01), pages 55 - 59, XP010121689, ISBN: 0-7803-1877-3 *

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6890920B2 (en) 2001-10-26 2005-05-10 Pharmacia & Upjohn Company Quaternary ammonium compounds
US7439397B2 (en) 2001-10-26 2008-10-21 Pfizer Inc Phenol derivative
US8605234B2 (en) 2008-12-05 2013-12-10 Koninklijke Philips N.V. Light guide, patterned light emitting diode device, illumination system and method of generating the light guide or patterned light emitting diode device
US11520157B2 (en) 2018-09-15 2022-12-06 Qxp Technologies Inc. Polarization attenuator and polarization attenuation method

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US6597230B2 (en) 2003-07-22
JP2004512531A (ja) 2004-04-22
CN1211665C (zh) 2005-07-20
EP1332377A1 (fr) 2003-08-06
CN1394283A (zh) 2003-01-29
US20020196011A1 (en) 2002-12-26

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
JP3312167B2 (ja) 電気エネルギ消費量をデジタル的に測定するための方法および装置
US4829239A (en) Multimeter
US5517106A (en) Method and apparatus for digitally measuring electrical power
US4282576A (en) Indicator diagram based AC electric energy meter
JPS61175574A (ja) 容量性交流電圧分圧器の直流電圧成分を除去するための方法および回路装置
CA1205864A (fr) Dispositif de commutation de gain a erreur reduite pour wattmetre
US3959724A (en) Electronic wattmeter
US4315316A (en) Digital arrangement for determining average current of a circuit by monitoring a voltage
US4384251A (en) Pulse-duty-cycle-type evaluation circuit for a variable inductance
CN100462725C (zh) 用于计量电功率的计量仪
EP1332377A1 (fr) Dispositif electronique
US6259259B1 (en) Method and apparatus for automatically adjusting the measurement range of admittance level sensors
US4498138A (en) Electronic watt/var transducer
US4596951A (en) Electronic circuit for measuring AC electrical energy
US4281281A (en) Reference voltage source
AU549384B2 (en) Electronic watt/var transducer
KR840002377B1 (ko) 전자식 무효 전략량계
GB2093292A (en) Apparatus and methods for analogue-to-digital conversion and for deriving in-phase and quadrature components of voltage and current in an impedance
CN118276631B (zh) 相位差确定电路以及射频电源设备
FI67967C (fi) Referensspaenningskaella
KR900008302B1 (ko) 디지탈 적산 전력계의 역률 측정회로 및 방법
KR100350062B1 (ko) 정확하게 임피던스를 측정하는 장치 및 그 방법
KR0139780B1 (ko) 능동 전력필터의 보상전류 검출회로 및 그 검출방법
JPS61244106A (ja) 正弦波電圧発生回路
SU1140058A1 (ru) Измеритель @ -параметров

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
WWE Wipo information: entry into national phase

Ref document number: 018032273

Country of ref document: CN

ENP Entry into the national phase

Ref country code: JP

Ref document number: 2002 538176

Kind code of ref document: A

Format of ref document f/p: F

WWE Wipo information: entry into national phase

Ref document number: 2001988867

Country of ref document: EP

121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application
WWP Wipo information: published in national office

Ref document number: 2001988867

Country of ref document: EP

点击 这是indexloc提供的php浏览器服务，不要输入任何密码和下载