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WO2002033620A1 - Systeme de securite personnelle reposant sur la detection d'evenements - Google Patents

Systeme de securite personnelle reposant sur la detection d'evenements Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2002033620A1
WO2002033620A1 PCT/US2001/029715 US0129715W WO0233620A1 WO 2002033620 A1 WO2002033620 A1 WO 2002033620A1 US 0129715 W US0129715 W US 0129715W WO 0233620 A1 WO0233620 A1 WO 0233620A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
data
emergency
message
event
biometric
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US2001/029715
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Gregory A. Calaman
Original Assignee
Calaman Gregory A
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Calaman Gregory A filed Critical Calaman Gregory A
Priority to AU2002211254A priority Critical patent/AU2002211254A1/en
Publication of WO2002033620A1 publication Critical patent/WO2002033620A1/fr

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/103—Measuring devices for testing the shape, pattern, colour, size or movement of the body or parts thereof, for diagnostic purposes
    • A61B5/11—Measuring movement of the entire body or parts thereof, e.g. head or hand tremor or mobility of a limb
    • A61B5/1112—Global tracking of patients, e.g. by using GPS
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/0002—Remote monitoring of patients using telemetry, e.g. transmission of vital signals via a communication network
    • A61B5/0015—Remote monitoring of patients using telemetry, e.g. transmission of vital signals via a communication network characterised by features of the telemetry system
    • A61B5/002—Monitoring the patient using a local or closed circuit, e.g. in a room or building
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/0002—Remote monitoring of patients using telemetry, e.g. transmission of vital signals via a communication network
    • A61B5/0015—Remote monitoring of patients using telemetry, e.g. transmission of vital signals via a communication network characterised by features of the telemetry system
    • A61B5/0022—Monitoring a patient using a global network, e.g. telephone networks, internet
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/41—Detecting, measuring or recording for evaluating the immune or lymphatic systems
    • A61B5/411—Detecting or monitoring allergy or intolerance reactions to an allergenic agent or substance
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/68—Arrangements of detecting, measuring or recording means, e.g. sensors, in relation to patient
    • A61B5/6801—Arrangements of detecting, measuring or recording means, e.g. sensors, in relation to patient specially adapted to be attached to or worn on the body surface
    • A61B5/6813—Specially adapted to be attached to a specific body part
    • A61B5/6828—Leg
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G16—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SPECIFIC APPLICATION FIELDS
    • G16H—HEALTHCARE INFORMATICS, i.e. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE HANDLING OR PROCESSING OF MEDICAL OR HEALTHCARE DATA
    • G16H40/00—ICT specially adapted for the management or administration of healthcare resources or facilities; ICT specially adapted for the management or operation of medical equipment or devices
    • G16H40/60—ICT specially adapted for the management or administration of healthcare resources or facilities; ICT specially adapted for the management or operation of medical equipment or devices for the operation of medical equipment or devices
    • G16H40/67—ICT specially adapted for the management or administration of healthcare resources or facilities; ICT specially adapted for the management or operation of medical equipment or devices for the operation of medical equipment or devices for remote operation
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G16—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SPECIFIC APPLICATION FIELDS
    • G16H—HEALTHCARE INFORMATICS, i.e. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE HANDLING OR PROCESSING OF MEDICAL OR HEALTHCARE DATA
    • G16H50/00—ICT specially adapted for medical diagnosis, medical simulation or medical data mining; ICT specially adapted for detecting, monitoring or modelling epidemics or pandemics
    • G16H50/20—ICT specially adapted for medical diagnosis, medical simulation or medical data mining; ICT specially adapted for detecting, monitoring or modelling epidemics or pandemics for computer-aided diagnosis, e.g. based on medical expert systems
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B2560/00—Constructional details of operational features of apparatus; Accessories for medical measuring apparatus
    • A61B2560/02—Operational features
    • A61B2560/0204—Operational features of power management
    • A61B2560/0214—Operational features of power management of power generation or supply
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/0002—Remote monitoring of patients using telemetry, e.g. transmission of vital signals via a communication network
    • A61B5/0031—Implanted circuitry
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/05—Detecting, measuring or recording for diagnosis by means of electric currents or magnetic fields; Measuring using microwaves or radio waves
    • A61B5/053—Measuring electrical impedance or conductance of a portion of the body
    • A61B5/0531—Measuring skin impedance
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/145—Measuring characteristics of blood in vivo, e.g. gas concentration or pH-value ; Measuring characteristics of body fluids or tissues, e.g. interstitial fluid or cerebral tissue
    • A61B5/1455—Measuring characteristics of blood in vivo, e.g. gas concentration or pH-value ; Measuring characteristics of body fluids or tissues, e.g. interstitial fluid or cerebral tissue using optical sensors, e.g. spectral photometrical oximeters
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G16—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SPECIFIC APPLICATION FIELDS
    • G16H—HEALTHCARE INFORMATICS, i.e. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE HANDLING OR PROCESSING OF MEDICAL OR HEALTHCARE DATA
    • G16H10/00—ICT specially adapted for the handling or processing of patient-related medical or healthcare data
    • G16H10/20—ICT specially adapted for the handling or processing of patient-related medical or healthcare data for electronic clinical trials or questionnaires
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G16—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SPECIFIC APPLICATION FIELDS
    • G16H—HEALTHCARE INFORMATICS, i.e. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE HANDLING OR PROCESSING OF MEDICAL OR HEALTHCARE DATA
    • G16H20/00—ICT specially adapted for therapies or health-improving plans, e.g. for handling prescriptions, for steering therapy or for monitoring patient compliance
    • G16H20/30—ICT specially adapted for therapies or health-improving plans, e.g. for handling prescriptions, for steering therapy or for monitoring patient compliance relating to physical therapies or activities, e.g. physiotherapy, acupressure or exercising
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G16—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SPECIFIC APPLICATION FIELDS
    • G16H—HEALTHCARE INFORMATICS, i.e. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE HANDLING OR PROCESSING OF MEDICAL OR HEALTHCARE DATA
    • G16H50/00—ICT specially adapted for medical diagnosis, medical simulation or medical data mining; ICT specially adapted for detecting, monitoring or modelling epidemics or pandemics
    • G16H50/80—ICT specially adapted for medical diagnosis, medical simulation or medical data mining; ICT specially adapted for detecting, monitoring or modelling epidemics or pandemics for detecting, monitoring or modelling epidemics or pandemics, e.g. flu

Definitions

  • the invention relates in general to an apparatus, method, and data structure for providing personal security via event detection, including automatic generation of an emergency signal based on an emergency event. More particularly, the invention relates to an apparatus, method, and data structure for facilitating communications between an event-detecting device and an emergency services provider, and other various features. The invention also relates to an apparatus, method, and data structure for providing personal health monitoring via continuous, automatic measurement of biometric parameters, analysis of these parameters, and communication of the analyzed parameters to a healthcare provider. Finally, the invention relates to an apparatus, method, and data structure for biometric data aggregation, reporting, and delivery to healthcare industry companies.
  • a universal problem encountered by every individual on Earth at some point in his or her life is a personal distress situation.
  • Personal distress situations can result from violent crimes, medical emergencies, or accidents — sport, automobile, work, etc.
  • there is no clear means of resolution for the victim he or she is physically immobilized (such as with a heart attack) or circumstantially immobilized (such as with a robbery with a gun to the victim's head).
  • the security product the victim has Ghosen is unlikely to be useful for the particular event.
  • help may never come, or it may arrive too late.
  • Over 1.5 million deaths occur every year resulting from the three aforementioned major categories of personal distress situations. It is believed that most of these deaths could have been prevented if appropriate help could have been summoned to the victim in a timely manner.
  • each product is designed to resolve only a single type of unfavorable situation and is largely useless for other types.
  • each product has other inherent limitations posed by geography or sociopolitical factors. The following table characterizes the problems with the current solutions in three different types of unfavorable situations.
  • the healthcare community "flies blind” in treating the patient and understanding how treatments affect the average disease sufferer for a particular chronic disease. Attempts to refine disease management programs are limited by the quantity and sample frequency of the information collected, since information is only collected from the mainstream disease sufferer during the occasional doctor's office visit. Collecting the information on a more continuous basis is impossible. This produces scenarios where, for instance, the effectiveness of a particular medication in treating a chronic disease cannot be reliably ascertained beyond that accomplished through the original clinical trials.
  • Unpaid home healthcare - such as that provided by a son or daughter - has an enormous financial impact on working professionals, personally costing them an average $659,000 in lost wages, Social Security, and pension contributions, time off, promotion passovers, or early retirements over their professional careers.
  • the invention satisfies the need and avoids the drawbacks of the prior art by providing an apparatus, method, and data structure for providing personal security via event detection or manual activation; an apparatus, method, and data structure for providing personal health monitoring between patients and doctors; and an apparatus, method, and data structure for the collection, aggregation, reporting, and delivery of biometric health data to health care companies.
  • personal security is provided by automatic generation of an emergency message in response to an emergency event. This emergency message may be then transmitted to an emergency services provider.
  • personal health monitoring is provided by continuous collection of physiological parameters and their subsequent transmittal to a medical professional.
  • business-to-business biometric data reporting is provided by computerized warehousing of continuously collected physiological parameters, the aggregation or de-individualization of the data, and the transmittal of such data to health care businesses either on-demand or upon agreed intervals.
  • an apparatus and method capable of automatically sensing a user's distress and distress type, identifying the user's spatial location, and communicating with local emergency management services to summon help to the victim are set forth.
  • the apparatus and method may include the structure for and steps of sensing an emergency event, detecting a geographic location of the emergency event, generating an emergency message based on the emergency event and the geographic location, communicating the emergency message directly to an emergency services provider or to an interim computer system which then transmits the message to an emergency services provider, and powering the requisite structures.
  • the system may also contain the structure for and steps of providing a feedback signal to the user, allowing the user to manually generate an emergency message, and allowing transmission of the user's medical information, or any combination of these features.
  • the emergency message and medical information may be generated in a variety of languages, and most preferably in the official language in the user's geographic location.
  • an apparatus and method for continuously collecting physiological parameters from a person, transmitting these data to a remote Internet site, applying health analysis algorithms and rules, displaying the information, and delivering the information to the user's healthcare provider are set forth.
  • the system may also provide the ability to generate a priority message to a user's health-care provider based on rules applied to data collected by the system. Further, the system may provide the ability to generate trend analysis for use by other parts of a health care delivery chain.
  • the system may additionally provide access to a personalized health and personal security site on the Internet, which may rely on the user's data trend analysis to deliver content to the user of the user's selection.
  • An additional feature of the system is that it may provide electronic interfaces that allow physicians' networks and insurers to "stamp" the user's medical record information into a memory of the unit whenever the user has an interaction with a part of the health care delivery chain and for emergency personnel to retrieve this information using a video and/or audio output mechanism on the unit.
  • This latter feature may extend to the capability to retrieve a detailed view of the user's medical record information from a remote Internet computer system through a microbrowser software system installed on the unit.
  • an apparatus and method for populating a computerized data warehouse of continuously collected physiological parameters from users, the aggregation and de-individualization of the data in the warehouse into data marts, the apphcation of reporting algorithms to the data, the generation of reports or views of the data, and the on- demand or scheduled delivery of the information to companies in the health care industry are set forth.
  • a system for providing personal security to an individual contains a computer-readable memory for storing data for access by an application program and includes a data structure stored in the computer-readable memory.
  • the data structure may include information used by the application program and may contain an emergency event field having information associated with the presence or absence of an emergency event, a physiological feedback field, a distress rules processing field for processing the physiological feedback field, a geographic positioning field for identifying the location of the individual, and a distress message management field for generating an emergency message corresponding to an emergency event.
  • the data structure may also contain a voice processing field for converting the emergency message into a voice message, a power management field for controlling power to the system, a heat flash indicator field for providing a feedback signal to the individual, a networking field for downloading updated information from an external computer, and a configuration update field authenticating the updated information.
  • Figure 1 illustrates a personal security system worn by an individual for a preferred embodiment of the invention.
  • Figure 1 A illustrates another preferred embodiment of the personal security system shown in Figure 1.
  • Figure IB illustrates a pager-like device of a preferred embodiment of the personal security system shown in Figures 1 and 1 A.
  • Figures 2A and 2B illustrate a side view and a cutaway view of the preferred embodiment of the personal security system of the invention shown in Figure 1.
  • Figure 3 illustrates a schematic depiction of a preferred embodiment of the personal security system according to principles of the invention.
  • FIGS. 4A and 4B illustrate a flowchart of a preferred operation of the personal security system according to principles of the invention.
  • Figure 5 illustrates a personal security system for an alternative embodiment of the invention.
  • Figure 6 illustrates a detailed view of the wearable unit for the embodiment of the invention shown in Figure 5.
  • Figure 7 illustrates a detailed view of the computer unit for the embodiment of the invention shown in Figure 5.
  • Figure 1 depicts a system 10 for providing personal security to a user via event detection, according to one aspect of the invention.
  • the system 10 is included in a wearable anklet device 20 and is worn at or near the ankle of the wearer.
  • the system 10 may also be worn at or near the wrist of the wearer or at any other location on the body in which the system 10 contacts the skin of the wearer.
  • the system 10 need not be located within a single unit as it may be distributed among two or more structures.
  • the system 10 may be located within two pieces: a sensory device 20A, which may be either a non-invasive device worn on the wrist, ankle, chest, or any other suitable location on the body in which contact with the skin of the wearer maybe made or an invasive, injectable or implantable device, and a pager-like unit 20B, which may be worn on the belt or any other suitable location on or near the body or woven into or clipped onto an article of clothing.
  • a sensory device 20A which may be either a non-invasive device worn on the wrist, ankle, chest, or any other suitable location on the body in which contact with the skin of the wearer maybe made or an invasive, injectable or implantable device
  • a pager-like unit 20B which may be worn on the belt or any other suitable location on or near the body or woven into or clipped onto an article of clothing.
  • the pager-like unit 20B will contain the majority of electronics and logic of the system 10 (described below), a power supply (not shown) and a short-range radio-frequency transceiver 20D, while the sensory device 20A includes one or more sensors (described below), a power supply (not shown), and a short-range radio- frequency transceiver 20C.
  • the short-range radio-frequency transceivers 20C, 20D will comply with the Bluetooth specification; however, these devices may be of any suitable type.
  • the distribution of components between the sensory device 20A and the pager-like unit 20B may be of any arrangement which allows suitable performance of the system according to the principles of the invention and is not limited to the described distribution of components.
  • the sensory device 20A may be in the form of a ring, finger sleeve, or a patch worn on the forehead or any other suitable location on the body.
  • the pager-like unit 20B may include a back-lit liquid-crystal- diode display screen 20E and a button 20F, which, when depressed, will display the user's time- stamped, key medical-record information.
  • this medical record information may include currently prescribed medication, past major medical events, drug and other allergies, and medical ailments; however, the medical record information that may be displayed in the display screen 20E is not limited to the specific medical categories described and may include other pertinent non-medical data as well.
  • the display screen 20E may show information provided to the pager-like unit 20B by a remote data base (not shown), such as an Internet site.
  • the pager-like unit 20B may also include a connectivity indicator symbol 20G which indicates the operational status of the system 10, such as whether the system 10 is operating correctly or the system is connected to an external communication link.
  • the indicator symbol 20G may be any suitable type of light device, or the indicator may be displayed on part of the display screen 20E.
  • the description of the system 10 that follows is not limited to a single device such as wearable anklet device 20; the system 10 may also be applied to a two- piece device, such as that shown in Figure 1 A, or any other suitable multi-part device.
  • Figures 2 A and 2B depict the system 10 in a side view and a cutaway view, respectively, for the wearable anklet device 20 shown in Figure 1.
  • the system 10 includes an external component level 100, an internal component level 200, a system bus 300, and a software component level 400.
  • the external component level 100 is preferably embedded into the surface of the wearable anklet device 20.
  • the wearable anklet device 20, the sensory device 20A, the pager-like device 20B, or other such device may be weatherproof, shoGkproof, and "bodyproof,” i.e., impervious to water, sweat, body heat, and physical punishment.
  • bodyproof i.e., impervious to water, sweat, body heat, and physical punishment.
  • the distribution of the external component level 100, the internal component level 200, the system bus 300, the software component level 400, and the specific elements described below which are included within these components may be distributed in any suitable manner between the sensory device 20A and the pager-like device 20B in the embodiment shown in Figure 1 A or in any suitable manner among the components of a device having two or more structures.
  • the external component level 100 may include an event sensor 110 for sensing a physiological event from the wearer.
  • the event sensor 110 is an electrogalvanic skin response sensor such as the MindDrive manufactured by The Other 90%, Inc.
  • Electrogalvanic skin sensors use a technique called galvanic skin response (GSR); this technique measures the conductivity and electrical activity of the skin in order to sense physiological events.
  • GSR galvanic skin response
  • the MindDrive technology is capable of distinguishing between physiological signals generated by thoughts and signals generated by the autonomic nervous system.
  • the event sensor 1 10 may be of any type that senses a physiological event' — such as a pulse oximeter, electrical pulse meter, or blood chemistry detector — generated by the wearer.
  • the physiological data measured by the sensor 110 are not limited to GSR measurements and may also include non-invasive or invasive pulse oximetry, electrical pulse, and blood-chemistry measurements, or any other pertinent physiological data collected by invasive or non-invasive measurements which are sufficient to enable a medical professional to monitor a broad range of conditions, including, but not limited to, cardiovascular disease or diabetes mellitus.
  • an injectable chip is inserted into a patient and is employed to collect blood-chemistry data according to the principles of the invention.
  • One useful injectable chip is made by Sensors for Medical Systems (SFMS).
  • the external component level 100 may also contain a manual entry input device 120, a feedback stimulator 130, and an input/output (I/O) port 140.
  • the manual entry device 120 is a four-button, full logic keystrip allowing entry and interpretation of two different code sequences: one for manual initiation of a distress resolution process and one for canceling a distress resolution already in progress.
  • the manual entry input device 120 may also be of any other type that allows manual initiation and cancellation of distress resolution processes.
  • the feedback stimulator 130 generates a heat flash to notify the wearer that an emergency event has been sensed by the system 10.
  • the feedback stimulator 130 may, however, be any suitable device that notifies the wearer that notification of an emergency event has been received by an emergency management service (EMS) including, but not limited to, visual, audio, and aromatic indicators. These indicators may be activated in a predetermined sequence and may be deactivated automatically or manually.
  • EMS emergency management service
  • the I/O port 140 is an infrared device used to communicate with an external computer (not shown) in order to download a combination of data pertinent to the wearer and may include medical, behavioral, and physical data; however, the I/O port may be of any type that enables suGh communication.
  • the internal component level 200 may include a power generator 210 and an energy storage device 220 for generating and storing the energy used by the system, respectively.
  • the power generator 210 is a kinetic power supply such as the Seiko Kinetic power subsystem; however, any suitable power supply may be used.
  • the energy storage device 220 is a type of capacitive storage; however, any suitable energy storage device may be used.
  • a long-life battery (not shown) may be used in place of the combination of the power generator 210 and energy storage device 220.
  • the internal component level 200 may also include a geographical positioning system antenna 230, a geographical positioning system device 240, a wireless communication transceiver device 250, a wireless communication transceiver antenna 260, and a voice synthesizer device 270.
  • the geographical positioning system device 240 is a Global Positioning System (GPS) chipset, such as the SiRF Star i/LX RF and DSP GPS chipsets; however, any suitable geographical positioning system may be used.
  • GPS Global Positioning System
  • the wireless communication transceiver device 250 is a combination satellite and cellular communicator; however, any suitable transceiver device may be used such as a satellite-only system, a cellular system (such as a code-division multiple-access system or any other suitable cellular system), or any other suitable communication system or combination of communication systems.
  • the voice synthesizer device 270 may be an analog-to-digital — digital-to-analog chipset such as that commonly used in an interactive voice response system (IVR); however, any suitable synthesizer device may be used to generate voice signal.
  • Antennas used for the geographical positioning system antenna 230 and the wireless communication transceiver antenna 260 are well known in the art.
  • the wearer's body could also serve as the antenna for communicating via the geographical positioning system device 240 and the wireless communication system device 250.
  • the geographical positioning system device 240 may be augmented by an inertial navigation system (not shown) such as that manufactured by Point Research.
  • system bus 300 is a printed circuit board as is well known in the art.
  • the system bus 300 is used for communication between the external component level 100 and the software component level 400 and between the internal component level 200 and the software component level 100.
  • the software component level 400 may include a central processing unit (CPU) 410, a read-only memory (ROM) 420, and a random-access memory (RAM) 440.
  • the CPU 410 may be an Intel StrongARM, a Motorola ColdFire, or an ARM, Ltd's ARM7 processor; however, any suitable processor may be used.
  • the ROM 420 and RAM 440 may be of any known type.
  • a real-time operating system (RTOS) 450 and an application process component 460 may be running in the CPU 410 and utilizing the ROM 420 and RAM 440.
  • the RTOS 450 is preferably an embedded Java Virtual Machine (JVM), such as the Vx Works made by WindRiver Systems; however, any suitable software operating system may be used.
  • JVM Java Virtual Machine
  • the application process component 460 has several functions or “threads”: a power management thread 461, a physiological feedback thread 462, a distress rules processing thread 463, a geographic location input handling thread 464, a distress message management thread 466, a heat flash indicator thread 467, a networking thread 468, and a configuration update thread 469.
  • the "bodyproof ' anklet device 20 in which the system 10 is located is worn by a user.
  • the components in the system 10 may receive energy from the energy storage device 220, which in turn may be powered by the power generator 210.
  • the power generator 210 may generate power from the motion of the wearer much like a self-winding watch is powered.
  • the metering of energy to the system may be controlled by the power management thread 461.
  • Figures 4A and 4B illustrate one aspect of the operation of the system in the presence of a detected event.
  • Physiological data may be collected by the event sensor 110, as seen at step 1000. These physiological data may then be sent to the physiological feedback thread 462 for fransforming the data into body state information, as seen at step 1100.
  • the body state information may then be sent to the distress rules processing thread 463, as seen at step 1200; at this step, the body state information may be compared to a general "rules base" to enable decision making about the physiological data.
  • the system 10 may distinguish between the wearer experiencing a heart attack (i.e., the wearer's heartbeat has stopped) and the wearer experiencing an accident or a crime (i.e., the wearer's heartbeat has spiked). If an emergency event is detected, as seen at step 1300, information concerning the type and severity of the event may be sent to the distress message management thread, as seen at step 1500.
  • a heart attack i.e., the wearer's heartbeat has stopped
  • an accident or a crime i.e., the wearer's heartbeat has spiked.
  • Information may also be sent to the geographic location input handling thread 464 concerning the existence of an emergency event by activating the geographic positioning system device 240 and the geographic positioning system antenna 230, as seen at step 1600.
  • the geographic location input handling thread 464 receives the geographic location of the wearer from the geographic positioning system device 240, a country/region lookup table may be accessed to determine what country or part of a country the wearer is located, as seen at step 1700.
  • the geographic location handling thread 464 may determine an official or local language spoken in the geographic location, as seen at step 1800.
  • the geographic location handling thread 464 may send the geographic location of the wearer and the official or local language of that geographic location to the distress message management thread 465.
  • the distress message management thread 465 may be converted into a plain language.sentence, as seen at step 1900.
  • the plain language sentence may then be sent to the voice processing thread 466 where it may be converted into a synthesized voice message using the voice synthesizer device 270 in the official or local language, as seen at step 2000.
  • a contact number for the local EMS is determined at step 2100.
  • the contact number and the synthesized voice message may then be sent back to the distress message management thread 465 and then on to the wireless communication transceiver device 250 and the wireless communication transceiver antenna 260, as seen at step 2200.
  • the plain language sentence may initially be created in the proper language.
  • the system 10 may contact the local EMS at the appropriate contact number.
  • the system 10 may begin speaking to a dispatcher at the EMS using a series of prompts and recognition of the dispatcher's speech in the manner of an interactive voice response system (TVR).
  • the wireless communication transceiver device 260 may then send a notification to the distress message management thread 465 indicating that the EMS has received the synthesized voice message, as seen at step 2300.
  • the distress message management thread 465 may then send a notification to the heat flash indicator thread 467 which may then send a signal to the feedback stimulator 130, as seen at step 2500.
  • the feedback stimulator 130 may indicate to the wearer via audio, visual, aromatic, or other indicators that the local EMS has been notified of the emergency event.
  • the system 10 will preferably come equipped with a default number of language sets and emergency numbers built in when purchased.
  • the wearer may be able to configure the system 10 with a particular set (e.g., five) of languages and regions of travel (to which the emergency numbers would correspond) upon purchase.
  • the system 10 While the system 10 is worn, should the wearer pass from one language area to another, as detected by the geographical positioning system transceiver and antenna 240, 230, the proper language may be unloaded from the ROM 420 of the system 10.
  • the system 10 may connect via the Internet (by TCP/IP, for example) to a web server and download the language set and emergency numbers for the correct regional language. This connection via the Internet, of course, would not be necessary if the wearer moves to a new area whose language and emergency numbers are already loaded into the system 10.
  • the system 10 may also operate in a manual mode.
  • the wearer may depress a sequence of buttons on the manual entry device 120 indicating that the wearer is experiencing or observing an emergency event.
  • data from the manual entry device 120 may be sent directly to the distress rules processing thread 463, and processing may then proceed as discussed above beginning with step 1200.
  • the manual entry device 120 may be used to cancel the processing of an emergency event detected automatically or entered manually.
  • the system 10 may be used to hold a combination of data pertinent to the wearer and may include medical, behavioral, and physical data. These data may be downloaded into the system 10 upon the initial configuration of the system 10 or at any necessary time thereafter. These data may be loaded by connecting the I/O port 140 of the system 10 to an external computer database (not shown). The networking thread 468 may then be used to download medical data specific to the wearer from the external database to the system 10. Once the data are downloaded, they may be sent to the configuration update thread 469 to authenticate the data and apply the updates to the ROM 420 of the system 10. In one embodiment of the invention, these wearer-specific data may be transmitted to the EMS along with the transmission of emergency event information, as discussed above.
  • wearer-specific data may be converted to a plain language sentence and then to a synthesized voice signal in the proper language (these steps are not shown) — as was done with the emergency event data as shown in steps 1900 and 2000 — or may be created directly in the proper language.
  • Examples of wearer-specific data may be a type of medication taken by the wearer, an illness or condition the wearer has, or other such information that would be relevant to an emergency care provider.
  • An important example of wearer-specific data that could be sent to the EMS would be a list of drugs to which the wearer is allergic.
  • the system 10 may also transmit data pertinent to the wearer that may be stored in the ROM 420 and transmitted through the I/O port 140 to a local reader device (not shown), such as a handheld display terminal carried by an on-site emergency medical technician (EMT).
  • a local reader device such as a handheld display terminal carried by an on-site emergency medical technician (EMT).
  • EMT on-site emergency medical technician
  • this type of data transmission is a direct transmission type. This functionality may allow medical data specific to the wearer to be transmitted directly in a local manner in lieu of continued communication with the EMS, with the EMS then communicating with the on-site EMT. Access to this function may be controlled by a security algorithm that may be supplied by entering a code through the keystrip or through the EMT's local reader device.
  • the code is preferably a one-time-use code generated by the system 10 and transmitted to the EMS dispatcher, and then provided to the EMT upon dispatch.
  • the system 10 may display data pertinent to the wearer on the liquid-crystal-diode display screen 20E of the pagerlike unit 20B in order that the wearer or the EMT may directly observe the wearer's data from the system 10.
  • the system 10 may audibly communicate data pertinent to the wearer using the speech synthesizing component of the pager-like unit 20B in order that the wearer or the EMT may directly hear the wearer's data from the system 10.
  • the code may be transmitted directly to the display terminal carried by the EMT if the EMT is called to the location of the wearer of the system 10 via another method than the system's 10 built-in communication components. For example, if the EMT witnesses an accident, the EMT may wish to collect information from the system 10 without receiving information from the EMS. In this scenario, it would not be necessary for the system 10 to communicate with the EMS because the EMT would be on the scene.
  • the system 10 may transmit data through the I/O port 140 or may display data pertinent to the wearer on the liquid-crystal-diode display screen 20E of the pager-like unit 20B in order that the wearer or the EMT may directly observe the wearer's data from the system.
  • the system 10 may also have a long-term-storage device 430 that operates in a manner which is similar to a "black box" on an aircraft.
  • the long-term-storage device 430 is of the flash-memory type.
  • the long-term-storage device 430 may record an audio or other type of communication between the system 10 and the EMS and may be protected to ensure that it is not written over.
  • the long-term-storage device 430 may be adapted such that the audio or other type of communication may be accessed only through a special reader device (not shown), which may communicate with the system 10 through the I O port 140.
  • the special reader device may be held by the EMS or any other entity authorized to access data from the above-referenced block of memory.
  • the special reader device would use a unique master security identification code to access the long-term-storage device 430 storing the recorded audio or other type of communication.
  • the system 10 may call the EMS or any other authorized entity and copy the recorded audio or other type of communication to a central computer (not shown), using the same protocol as that for downloading a new language or other configuration information into the system 10.
  • the system 10 may overwrite the previous audio or other type of communication and record the current audio or other type of communication.
  • the long-term-storage device 430 is not limited to storing audio or other type of communication between the system 10 and the EMS; the long-term-storage device may also record "raw" physiological data at pre-defined intervals or any other type of suitable recording of data according to the principles of the invention.
  • the system 10 may communicate directly with a personalized health and personal security Internet site (not shown). This communication mode may take place alone or in addition to the communication mode with the EMS described above.
  • emergency event or other data may be sent directly to the personalized health and personal security Internet site, which, in turn, may generate alerts to the user's healthcare provider based on appropriate algorithms in the biometric engine on the host Internet site's computers or any other computer to which the host Internet site is connected.
  • the biometric engine may be capable of providing trend analysis of emergency event data or other data collected by the system 10 from the user.
  • the biometric engine may, in turn, generate content to be delivered to the user.
  • the personalized health and personal security Internet site may generate and transmit data pertinent to the user, including medical, behavioral, or other data, to the system 10. These data may include "stamps" indicating that the user has had an interaction with a part of the health care delivery chain. These data may be processed through the networking thread 468 and the configuration thread 469 in order to update the ROM 140 of the system 10. These data stored in the ROM 140 of the system 10 may then be used as part of the data transmitted as part of an emergency event message. In addition, in a two-part system such as that shown in Figures 1 A and IB, these data may be displayed on the display screen 20E of the pager-like device 20B by pressing button 20G.
  • Physiological data may be collected in long-term-storage device 430.
  • the emergency event data may be uploaded to the host Internet site.
  • the memory of the long-term-storage device may be purged in full or in part in order to continue collection of physiological data.
  • a health monitoring system 3010 for providing personal security services is illustrated as having three major components: a wearable unit 3020, which may be worn by a subscriber, a global communications network 3030, and a computer system 3040. As depicted, the wearable unit 3020 communicates with the computer system 3040 via the via the global communications network 3030.
  • the wearable unit 3020 maybe divided into two or more structures, and as shown in Figure 6, wearable unit 3020 is separated as a communication component 3022 and a sensor component 3027.
  • the communication component 3022 preferably contains similar communications elements as described above in connection with the embodiment associated with Figure 3, namely a geographical positioning system antenna 3230, a geographical positioning system device 3240, a wireless communication transceiver device 3250, and a wireless communication transceiver antenna 3260.
  • a preferred geographical position system device 3240 may be similar to that described in connection with the geographical positioning system device 240; however, any suitable geographical positioning system device may be employed.
  • wireless communication transceiver device 3250 is the same as wireless communication transceiver device 250; however, any suitable wireless communication transceiver device may be used.
  • the communication component 3022 may be equipped with similar external features as the pager-like unit 20B described above, namely, a short-range transceiver 3022 A, a back-lit liquid-crystal-diode-display screen 3022E, a button 3022F, which, when depressed, will display the subscriber's time-stamped, key medical-record information, and a connectivity indicator symbol 3022G which indicates the operational status of the wearable unit 3020.
  • the type of information that maybe displayed on the back-lit liquid-crystal-diode-display screen 3022E is similar to that described above for the pager-like unit 20B.
  • the communication component 3022 may also be equipped with software to enable communication via wireless access protocol (WAP) with an emergency services system. Also, the communication component 3022 may have a button or sequence of buttons that allows a subscriber to generate an emergency message to be transmitted to the computer system 3040 via the communication network 3030.
  • WAP wireless access protocol
  • the sensor component 3027 may be worn by a subscriber and may be a similar type of element as that described for the embodiment employing the event sensor 110 as discussed above in connection with Figure 3.
  • the sensor component 3027 may also have a short-range transceiver 3027A in order to communicate with the shore-range transceiver 3022A located in the communication component 3022.
  • sensor component 3027 may measure GSR data, non-invasive pulse oximetry and blood-chemistry measurements, and any other pertinent physiological data collected by invasive or non-invasive measurements which are sufficient to enable a medical professional to monitor a broad range of conditions, including, but not limited to, cardiovascular disease or diabetes mellitus.
  • One preferred sensor component 3027, an injectable chip, is described above.
  • the sensor component 3027 and the communication component 3022 may each be equipped with short-range radio transceivers 3027 A, 3022 A in order for the sensor component 3027 and the communication component 3022 to communicate with each other.
  • the short-range radio transceivers are of a type made by Bluetooth; however, any suitable transceivers may be used.
  • the global communication network 3030 may be a satellite system, a cellular system, or a combination of these or other suitable systems.
  • the cellular system is a CDMA system, a point-to-point system, or a specialized mobile radio system; however, any suitable cellular system may be employed.
  • the computer system 3040 communicates with the wearable unit 3020 via the global communication network 3030 and may communicate with other computer systems via a variety of known communication links.
  • the computer system 3040 preferably is an Internet-based system; however, any suitable computing system may be used.
  • the computer system 3040 may have several component modules: a configuration engine 3050, a content management system 3060, a health monitor data engine 3070, a business-to- business (B2B) interface manager 3080, an event history system 3090, a distress event engine 3100, a customer records management (CRM) system 3110, an electronic store (e-store) 3120, and a knowledge management system 3130.
  • the computer system 3040 may be built from one or more individual computers with the individual computers connected by one or more of a variety of known links, including Internet-based connections.
  • the configuration engine 3050 may serve several functions. One may be to provide a location for subscribers of the personal security services to sign up for the service via an Internet or other suitable link.
  • the configuration engine 3050 may also serve as the repository for medical information provided by a subscriber or one or more of that subscriber's health-care providers.
  • the configuration engine 3050 may also serve to record changes or updates to a subscriber's records.
  • the content management system 3060 may allow a subscriber to select various news stories related to that subscriber's interests or medical condition via a rich-content delivery platform.
  • the content management system 3060 may allow a subscriber to personalize the content and to change what content is seen when that subscriber logs into the Internet site provided to that subscriber via the personal security services.
  • One preferable content management system is of the type manufactured by Vignette; however, any suitable content management system may be used.
  • the health monitor data engine 3070 may contain a collection of biometric data, i.e., physiological data that have been analyzed for a subscriber and stored as sequential records. In another embodiment, the health monitor data engine 3070 may collect data from a single subscriber or from various subscribers to create views of trends or summaries of medical information; by employing aggregate mathematical functions, which are sometimes referred to as "data marts." One type of data mart may show how an individual subscriber responds to a particular type of medical treatment, in a continuous or nearly continuous manner. Another type of data mart may provide aggregate information to a doctor or pharmaceutical company regarding a group of subscribers with respect to a particular treatment or drug.
  • the data marts that may be employed in conjunction with the health monitor data engine 3070 are preferably designed to handle multi-dimensional ad hoc queries, e.g., the compliance level with the course of treatment for all males with a right-ventricular arrhythmia.
  • the B2B interface manager 3080 may communicate with health-maintenance organizations (HMOs).
  • HMOs health-maintenance organizations
  • the B2B interface manager may serve to adjust data formats for various target systems.
  • the event history system 3090 may store records of communications between the wearable unit 3020 and an EMS.
  • the event history system 3090 may also record various alerts generated by the health monitoring system 3010, and may page a physician or other health personnel when a subscriber is experiencing a distress event.
  • the event history system 3090 uses an Oracle database; however, any suitable database system may be used.
  • the distress event engine 3100 may receive a distress signal from the wearable unit 3020 via transmission of an emergency data packet.
  • the emergency data packet from the wearable unit 3020 may contain GPS data or data provided by an inertial navigation system.
  • the distress event engine 3100 may map the GPS data provided by the wearable unit 3020 coordinates, which then may be used to determine the actual location of the subscriber, which maybe defined in degrees of longitude and latitude or any other suitable metric.
  • the mapping of the GPS data is done by a system manufactured by Navtech; however, any suitable system for mapping the GPS data may be used.
  • the distress event engine 3100 may then contact the appropriate EMS by way of searching a database of public service answering points (PSAPs) maintained by the distress event engine 3100.
  • PSAPs public service answering points
  • the distress event engine 3100 may then generate synthesized speech in the proper language in order to communicate with the EMS.
  • the speech processing system is one manufactured by Lernout & Hauspie; however, any suitable speech processing system may be used.
  • the distress event engine 3100 may send an event notification message back to the wearable unit 3020 via the communication network 3030.
  • the CRM system 3110 may be used to manage individual subscriber accounts and may serve as the customer service link to the health monitoring system 3010.
  • the e-store 3120 may have a link to the CRM system 31 10 and may serve as the standard "shopping cart" for subscribers to the personal security system.
  • the e-store 3120 may have links to other Internet sites which may be of interest to the subscribers.
  • the knowledge management system 3130 may store subscribers feedback on the performance of the health monitoring system 3010. The subscriber feedback may then be used by operators of the health monitoring system 3010 to contemplate changes to and make improvements to the health monitoring system 3010.
  • a subscriber may enroll in the personal security service by accessing the configuration engine 3040 via a secure Internet connection.
  • the subscriber provides essential medical and demographic information to the configuration engine 3040; the subscriber's health-care providers may also provide various medical information to the configuration engine 3040, also via a secure Internet connection.
  • the medical data provided to the configuration engine by the subscriber is then downloaded to the subscriber's wearable unit 3020 via the global communication network 303.
  • the wearable unit 3020 is worn by the subscriber.
  • the subscriber When the subscriber experiences an emergency event, the subscriber manually presses a button or sequence of buttons on the communication component 3022 of the wearable unit 3020.
  • the wearable unit may automatically initiate communication with the computer system 3040.
  • the communication component 3022 may then collect global positioning information via the geographical positioning system antenna 3230 and the geographical positioning system device; these data may be stored in a memory located in the communication component 3022.
  • the communication component 3022 may collect data physiological data from the sensor component 3027 via the short-range transceivers 3022 A, 3027A; these data may also be stored in the memory located in the communication component 3022.
  • the memory for storing data in the communication component 3022 serves as a "black box" for the communication component and may be of the same type as memory 430, described above.
  • the communication component 3022 may initiate a link with the computer system 3040 via the communication network 3030. As discussed above, this link may be made via a satellite system, a cellular system, or some combination of these or other systems.
  • the distress event engine 3100 may carry out several significant steps.
  • the distress event engine 3100 may convert GPS data or data provided by an internal navigation system on the wearable unit 3020 to actual geographic coordinates; these coordinates may then be used to search the database of PSAPs maintained by the distress event engine 3100 in order to determine how to reach the appropriate EMS.
  • the distress event engine 3100 may then generate synthesized speech corresponding to the emergency data packet and corresponding to the official language or an official language or an official language in the region where the subscriber is located and in order to communicate with the EMS.
  • the distress event engine 3100 may then notify the subscriber that the emergency event message has been received by the EMS; this notification is preferably made through the wearable unit 3020.
  • the event history system 3090 may store records of these communications. As described above, the event history system 3090 may also page a physician or other health-care professional to notify that person that the subscriber has experienced an emergency event; preferably, the event history system notifies the primary care health-care professional for the subscriber.
  • a communications unit may be enabled with wireless web connectivity, Bluetooth communications capability, and location resolution capability, or any other suitable communicative features.
  • the application program that collects the user's biometric parameters, initiates distress resolution, stores the user's medical record, and provides other content may reside on a remote, Internet-based computer system and may be downloaded at least once to the communications unit.
  • the application program may include web pages that may be displayed on a viewscreen on the communications unit and that are translated to a wireless web display format from a standard web display format via a wireless application server that resides on a remote Internet site.
  • the application program exchanges data streams with the remote, Internet-based application by interfacing to the host application through the wireless application server.
  • a data mining software application may interface with a biometric data warehouse and data marts.
  • a series of mathematical techniques may be utilized in data mining, such as k-nearest neighbor, neural networks, and genetic algorithms, and may be encoded in the data mining application as an analysis script for on-demand or schedule-driven activation.
  • the analysis script(s) analyze the data in the data warehouse and/or data marts.
  • the analyses may be used by healthcare industry companies to accelerate clinical trials for new drugs, medical treatments, and/or medical devices and/or to identify the most effective courses of medical treatment for particular classes of chronic disease.
  • the analyses may also be used by recreational, amateur, or professional athletes to evaluate performance as recorded by the overall system.
  • the analyses may be further used by expectant mothers to evaluate their health and the health of their unborn child.
  • the data mining application may be accessible via the Internet.
  • a fee-for-usage or result- generated system may be encoded in software that locks and unlocks access for users to the data mining application.
  • Such data mining applications may reside on a remote Internet computer system and may be Internet accessible.

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Abstract

L'invention concerne un appareil, un procédé et une structure de données assurant la sécurité personnelle, qui comportent un système complexe de technologies des composants utilisé pour détecter et communiquer l'état de détresse de son porteur au service d'urgence approprié, quel que soit le lieu où il se trouve sur terre. Les données physiologiques peuvent être recueillies par un détecteur d'événements (1000). Elles peuvent être ensuite transmises à un fil de retour physiologique dans lequel elles seront transformées en informations d'état physique (1100). Les informations d'état physique sont alors transmises aux fil de traitement de règles de détresse dans lequel les informations d'état physique sont comparées à « une règle de base » pour permettre la prise de décision par rapport aux données physiologiques (1200). Si un événement urgent est détecté (1300), les informations relatives au type et à la gravité de l'événement peuvent être transmises au fil de gestion de messages de détresse (1500).
PCT/US2001/029715 2000-10-16 2001-09-24 Systeme de securite personnelle reposant sur la detection d'evenements WO2002033620A1 (fr)

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WO2012083905A1 (fr) * 2010-12-23 2012-06-28 Gruenter Reiner Procédé destiné à garantir une assistance médicale correcte et aussi rapide que possible à un individu
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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1687733A4 (fr) * 2003-10-29 2011-06-08 Patientrack Pty Ltd Systeme et procede facilitant la dispense de soins de sante
WO2012083905A1 (fr) * 2010-12-23 2012-06-28 Gruenter Reiner Procédé destiné à garantir une assistance médicale correcte et aussi rapide que possible à un individu
CH710067A1 (fr) * 2014-08-26 2016-02-29 Geosatis Sa Bande de confort destinée à être portée avec un bracelet de surveillance électronique.
WO2016030349A1 (fr) * 2014-08-26 2016-03-03 Geosatis Sa Bande de confort à porter avec un bracelet de surveillance électronique
WO2017059846A1 (fr) 2015-10-07 2017-04-13 Petrovic, Vladan Procédé permettant de garantir une prise en charge médicale d'un individu la plus rapide possible
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WO2018233732A1 (fr) 2017-06-22 2018-12-27 Vladan Petrovic Procédé pour garantir une prise en charge médicale la plus rapide possible d'un individu
CN111145893A (zh) * 2019-09-25 2020-05-12 苏州维伟思医疗科技有限公司 一种医疗数据的分级管理系统及其方法
CN111145893B (zh) * 2019-09-25 2024-04-19 苏州维伟思医疗科技有限公司 一种医疗数据的分级管理系统及其方法

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