WO2002032299A1 - Dispositif de mesure de caracteristiques optiques - Google Patents
Dispositif de mesure de caracteristiques optiques Download PDFInfo
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- WO2002032299A1 WO2002032299A1 PCT/JP2001/009084 JP0109084W WO0232299A1 WO 2002032299 A1 WO2002032299 A1 WO 2002032299A1 JP 0109084 W JP0109084 W JP 0109084W WO 0232299 A1 WO0232299 A1 WO 0232299A1
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B3/00—Apparatus for testing the eyes; Instruments for examining the eyes
- A61B3/10—Objective types, i.e. instruments for examining the eyes independent of the patients' perceptions or reactions
- A61B3/1015—Objective types, i.e. instruments for examining the eyes independent of the patients' perceptions or reactions for wavefront analysis
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B3/00—Apparatus for testing the eyes; Instruments for examining the eyes
- A61B3/10—Objective types, i.e. instruments for examining the eyes independent of the patients' perceptions or reactions
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B3/00—Apparatus for testing the eyes; Instruments for examining the eyes
- A61B3/10—Objective types, i.e. instruments for examining the eyes independent of the patients' perceptions or reactions
- A61B3/107—Objective types, i.e. instruments for examining the eyes independent of the patients' perceptions or reactions for determining the shape or measuring the curvature of the cornea
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an optical characteristic measuring device, and more particularly to an optical characteristic measuring device that graphically displays various data obtained by measurement under a plurality of conditions.
- optical devices used for medical use have been extremely diverse.
- this optical instrument is widely used as an optical characteristic measuring device for inspecting the refractive power of the eye, eye functions such as accommodation, and the inside of the eyeball.
- the measurement results of these various tests are important, for example, under what measurement conditions the subject's eye to be tested was placed.
- the pupil of the eye is small in bright places and large in dark places. Therefore, it is necessary to consider the illuminance as a measurement condition, and the measurement range of the eye to be measured is also important.
- the shape of the retina, cornea, and other parts contained in the eye is often unique to each patient, so that an ophthalmologist or the like can quickly diagnose the patient's eye to be measured. It is desirable that various data such as aberrations regarding each part of the eye to be measured be displayed collectively or by selecting desired data. Thus, the ophthalmologist and the like can explain the various diagnoses (findings) to the patient in an easily understandable manner.
- the various data correspond to the optical characteristics of the eye. For example, the various data are classified into numerical data and image data (graphic data), and the numerical data and the graphic data are captured by an imaging device of an optical device. It is necessary to process or combine various images taken by a CCD (for example, a CCD) so that they can be visually viewed. Furthermore, measurement results of various data, measurement data, and numerical data corresponding to the measurement results need to be displayed under multiple conditions. Disclosure of the invention
- the conventional optical characteristic measuring apparatus collectively displays various data obtained under a plurality of conditions, such as measurement data (measurement results) and image data and numerical data corresponding to the measurement results, or It is assumed that it is difficult to selectively display each of them to make them visually easy to see.
- the present invention provides an optical property measurement that collectively or selectively displays measurement data (measurement results) obtained under a plurality of conditions, image data and Z or numerical data corresponding to the measurement results. It is intended to provide a device.
- the present invention provides a method of sealing measurement data (measurement results), image data and image data or numerical data corresponding to the measurement results together or selectively, by sealing the whole eye to be measured, the cornea, the eye, or the like. It is an object of the present invention to provide an optical characteristic measuring device for displaying by using a graphic display or the like.
- An irradiation optical system including a light source unit that irradiates a light beam of a predetermined pattern to the eye to be measured, and a light receiving optical system including a light receiving unit that receives light reflected from the eye to be measured,
- an optical characteristic measuring device comprising: a display unit that graphically displays measurement data based on the light reception signal and a measurement result obtained by the calculation unit.
- An irradiation optical system including a light source unit that irradiates a light beam of a predetermined pattern to the eye to be measured, and a light receiving optical system including a light receiving unit that receives light reflected from the eye to be measured,
- a display unit for graphically displaying an optical refractive power distribution or a power map according to the measurement data obtained by the calculation unit;
- an optical characteristic measuring device provided with: BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a schematic optical system of an optical characteristic measuring apparatus 100 according to the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is an electric system block diagram showing an electric configuration of the optical property measuring apparatus 100 according to the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is a flowchart of the optical property measuring apparatus 100 according to the present invention.
- Figure 4 is a flow chart for displaying the rundle ring.
- FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram showing a first display example graphically displayed on the display unit 230.
- FIGS. 6A and 6B are explanatory views (1) and (2) showing modified examples of the first display example.
- FIG. 7F is an explanatory view (3) showing a modification of the first display example.
- FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram showing a second display example graphically displayed on the display unit 230.
- FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram showing a third display example graphically displayed on the display unit 230.
- FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram showing a fourth display example graphically displayed on the display unit 230.
- FIG. 11 is an explanatory view showing a modified example of the fourth display example.
- FIG. 12 is a flowchart showing corneal aberration measurement.
- FIG. 13 is an explanatory view showing a fifth display example graphically displayed on the display unit 23 °.
- FIG. 14 is an explanatory diagram showing a sixth display example graphically displayed on the display unit 230.
- FIG. 15 is an explanatory diagram showing a modification of the sixth display example.
- FIG. 16 is an explanatory diagram showing a seventh display example graphically displayed on the display unit 230.
- FIG. 17 is an explanatory diagram showing an eighth display example graphically displayed on the display unit 230.
- FIG. 18 is a diagram showing an expression form 600 of each aberration by a Zernike coefficient G ij.
- FIG. 19 is a diagram showing classification of aberrations by polar representation of Zernike polynomials Z ij.
- FIG. 20 is a diagram showing the classification of Zernike polynomials Z ij into aberrations by XY coordinate display.
- FIG. 21 is an explanatory diagram of calculation of a shape and Power.
- FIG. 22 is an explanatory diagram showing a ninth display example graphically displayed on the display unit 230.
- FIG. 23 is an explanatory diagram showing a first display example graphically displayed on the display unit 230.
- FIG. 24 is an explanatory view showing a first display example graphically displayed on the display unit 230.
- FIG. 25 is an explanatory view showing a first display example graphically displayed on the display unit 230.
- FIG. 26 is an explanatory diagram showing a thirteenth display example graphically displayed on the display unit 230.
- FIG. 27 is an explanatory diagram showing a 14th display example graphically displayed on the display unit 230.
- FIG. 28 is an explanatory diagram showing a fifteenth display example graphically displayed on the display unit 230.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a schematic optical system of an optical characteristic measuring apparatus 100 according to the present invention.
- the optical characteristic measuring device 100 is, for example, a device for measuring the optical characteristics of the eye 60 to be measured, which is an object, and includes a first illumination optical system 10 and a first light receiving optical system 20.
- a light receiving optical system 30, a common optical system 40, and an adjusting optical system 50 are provided.
- the retina 61 and the cornea 62 are shown in the figure.
- the first illumination optical system 10 includes, for example, a first light source unit 11 for emitting a light beam of a first wavelength, and a condensing lens 12, and an eye to be measured is provided by a light beam from the first light source unit 11. This is for illuminating a minute area on the retina (fundus) 61 of 60 so that its illumination conditions can be appropriately set.
- the first wavelength of the illumination light beam emitted from the first light source unit 11 is a wavelength in the infrared region (for example, 80 nm).
- the first light source unit 11 has a large spatial coherence and a small temporal coherence.
- the first light source unit 11 is, for example, a super luminescence diode (sLD), and can obtain a point light source with high luminance.
- the first light source unit 11 is not limited to the SLD.
- a first diffused plate or the like is inserted to appropriately reduce the time coherence. It can be used.
- LEDs with small spatial coherence and temporal coherence can be used by inserting a pinhole or the like at the position of the light source in the optical path, as long as the light quantity is sufficient.
- the first light receiving optical system 20 is, for example, a collimating lens 21 and a part of a light beam (first light beam) reflected and returned from the retina 61 of the eye 60 to be measured, by at least one beam.
- a Hartmann plate 22 which is a conversion member for converting the beam into a beam, and a first light receiving portion 23 for receiving the plurality of beams converted by the Hartmann plate 22, and receives the first light beam as a first light beam It is for guiding to part 23.
- the first light receiving section 23 is a power CCD employing a CCD with low readout noise.
- An appropriate type such as a CCD for cooling the element can be applied.
- the transmission / reception optical system 30 mainly performs, for example, an alignment adjustment described later, and includes a second light source unit 31 for emitting a light beam of a second wavelength, condenser lenses 32, 34, and A beam splitter 13 and a second light receiving portion 35 are provided for guiding a light beam (second light beam) reflected from the cornea 62 of the eye 60 to be measured and returned to the second light receiving portion. And mainly to make alignment adjustments. Further, the second wavelength of the light beam emitted from the second light source unit 31 is different from, for example, the first wavelength (here, 780 nm), and a longer wavelength can be selected (for example, 940 nm).
- the common optical system 40 is disposed on the optical axis of the light beam emitted from the first illumination optical system 10 and is common to the first illumination optical system 10, the first light receiving optical system 20, and the light transmitting and receiving optical system 30. And includes, for example, a brachid ring 41, an afocal lens 42, a beam splitter 43, 45, and a condenser lens 44. After the alignment adjustment described later is completed, the brachid ring 41 projects an index of a pattern including a plurality of concentric annular zones.
- the beam splitter 43 transmits (reflects) the wavelength of the second light source unit 31 to the eye 60 to be measured, and reflects the second light flux returning from the cornea 62 of the eye 60 to be measured.
- the beam splitter 45 transmits (reflects) the wavelength of the first light source unit 11 to the eye 60 to be measured, and reflects the first light flux reflected from the retina 61 of the measured eye 60 and returned. It is formed of a transmitting mirror (for example, a polarizing beam splitter). By the beam splitters 43 and 45, the first and second light beams do not enter each other's optical system and cause noise.
- the adjustment optical system 50 mainly performs, for example, a working distance adjustment described later, and includes a third light source unit 51, a fourth light source unit 55, and condenser lenses 52, 53.
- a third light receiving section 54 is provided to mainly adjust the working distance.
- the alignment adjustment is mainly performed by the transmission / reception optical system 30.
- the luminous flux from the second light source unit 31 passes through the condenser lens 32, the beam splitters 33, 43, and the afocal lens 42, and is substantially parallel to the eye to be measured 60, which is the object. Illuminate with a luminous flux.
- the reflected light beam reflected by the cornea 62 of the eye 60 to be measured is emitted as a divergent light beam as if it were emitted from a point of 1/2 of the radius of curvature of the cornea 62. 2.
- the light is received as a spot image by the second light receiving section 35 via the beam splitters 43, 33 and the condenser lens 34.
- the optical characteristic measuring device 100 is moved up and down, left and right to adjust the spot image to be on the optical axis. Let it match.
- the alignment adjustment is completed.
- the cornea 62 of the eye 60 to be measured is illuminated by the third light source unit 51, and an image of the eye 60 to be measured obtained by this illumination is formed on the second light receiving unit 35. Therefore, this image may be used to make the center of the pupil coincide with the optical axis.
- adjustment of the working distance will be described.
- the working distance adjustment is mainly performed by the adjusting optical system 50.
- a parallel light flux near the optical axis emitted from the fourth light source unit 55 is irradiated toward the eye to be measured 60 and is reflected from the eye to be measured 60.
- the received light is received by the third light receiving unit 54 via the condenser lenses 52 and 53.
- a spot image from the fourth light source unit 55 is formed on the optical axis of the third light receiving unit 54.
- the spot image from the fourth light source unit 55 is formed above or below the optical axis of the third light receiving unit 54.
- the third light receiving unit 54 only needs to be able to detect a change in the light beam position in a plane including the fourth light source unit 55, the optical axis, and the third light receiving unit 54.
- One-dimensional CCD, position sensing device (PSD), etc. can be applied.
- a beam splitter 45 is inserted in the first light receiving optical system 20.
- the light from the first illumination optical system 10 is transmitted to the eye to be measured 60 by the muscle splitter 45, and the reflected light from the eye to be measured 60 is transmitted.
- the first light receiving section 23 included in the first light receiving optical system 20 receives light that has passed through the Hartmann plate 22 that is a conversion member, and generates a light receiving signal.
- the first light source unit 11 and the retina 61 of the eye 60 to be measured form a conjugate relationship.
- the retina 61 of the eye 60 to be measured and the first light receiving section 23 are conjugate.
- the Hartmann plate 22 and the pupil of the eye 60 to be measured form a conjugate relationship.
- the first light receiving optical system 20 forms a substantially conjugate relationship with the Hartmann plate 22 with the cornea 62 and the pupil, which are the anterior segment of the eye 60 to be measured.
- the anterior focal point of the afocal lens 42 substantially coincides with the cornea 62 and the pupil, which are the anterior segment of the eye 60 to be measured.
- the first illumination optical system 10 and the first light receiving optical system 20 assume that the light beam from the first light source unit 11 is reflected at the point where the light is condensed, and that the light reflected by the first light receiving unit 23 is It moves in conjunction with each other so that the signal peak due to is maximized. Specifically, the first illumination optical system 10 and the first light receiving optical system 20 move in the direction in which the signal peak at the first light receiving unit 23 increases, and stop at the position where the signal peak becomes maximum. . Thereby, the light beam from the first light source unit 11 is focused on the retina 61 of the eye to be measured.
- the lens 12 converts the diffused light of the light source 11 into parallel light.
- the aperture 14 is located at a position optically conjugate with the pupil of the eye or the Hartmann plate 2.
- the aperture 14 has a diameter smaller than the effective range of the Hartmann plate 21 so that so-called single-pass aberration measurement (a method in which the eye aberration affects only the light receiving side) is established.
- the lens 13 sets the fundus conjugate point of the real ray at the front focal position, and further, the rear focal position coincides with the aperture 14 to satisfy the conjugate relationship with the pupil of the eye.
- the beam diameter of the ray 24 may be about 1 mm, and the beam diameter of the ray 24 may be about 7 mm.
- the Hartmann plate 22 included in the first light receiving optical system 20 is a wavefront conversion member that converts a reflected light beam into a plurality of beams.
- a plurality of micro Fresnel lenses arranged in a plane perpendicular to the optical axis are applied to the Hartmann plate 22.
- the spherical component of the eye 60 to be measured, third-order astigmatism, and third- and fourth-order aberrations of Zer ⁇ ⁇ ke for the measurement target part (eye to be measured 60) are generally obtained. To measure, it is necessary to measure with at least 17 beams through the eye 60 to be measured.
- the micro Fresnel lens is an optical element, and includes, for example, an annular zone having a height pitch for each wavelength, and a blaze optimized for emission parallel to the focal point.
- the micro-Fresnel lens here achieves a high light-gathering rate (eg, 98%) by applying, for example, an eight-level optical path difference by applying semiconductor microfabrication technology.
- the reflected light from the retina 61 of the eye 60 to be measured passes through the afocal lens 42 and the collimating lens 21, passes through the Hartmann plate 22, and becomes the first light as the primary light. Light is collected on the light receiving section 23.
- the Hartmann plate 22 may include a microlens portion that performs a converging operation and an opening that performs a transmitting operation for each of at least 17 regions. Therefore, the Hartmann plate 22 includes a wavefront conversion member that converts the reflected light beam into at least 17 or more beams.
- FIG. 2 is an electric block diagram showing an electric configuration of the optical property measuring apparatus 100 according to the present invention.
- the electric drive system relating to the optical property measuring device 100 includes, for example, a calculation unit 210, a control unit 220, a display unit 230, a memory 240, and a first drive unit 250. And a second driving unit 260.
- the calculation unit 210 receives the light reception signal 4 obtained from the first light reception unit 23, the light reception signal ⁇ ⁇ obtained from the second light reception unit 35, and the light reception signal (10) obtained from the third light reception unit 54. At the same time, it calculates the total wavefront aberration, corneal wavefront aberration, Zernike coefficient, aberration coefficient, Streh I ratio, white light MTF, Landolt's ring pattern, etc. (details will be described later).
- the control unit 220 controls the lighting and extinguishing of the first light source unit 11 based on the control signal from the arithmetic unit 210, and controls the first drive unit 250 and the second drive unit 26.
- a signal ⁇ is output to the first light source unit 1 based on a signal corresponding to a calculation result in the calculation unit 210, and a signal 5 is output to the Placido ring 41.
- the first drive unit 250 moves the entire first illumination optical system 10 in the optical axis direction based on, for example, a light reception signal ⁇ ⁇ from the first light reception unit 23 input to the calculation unit. Yes, not shown
- the signal 2 is output to an appropriate lens moving means, and the lens moving means is driven.
- the first driving section 250 can move and adjust the first illumination optical system 10.
- the second driving unit 260 moves the entire first light receiving optical system 20 in the optical axis direction based on, for example, a light receiving signal ⁇ ⁇ from the first light receiving unit 23 input to the arithmetic unit. Yes, outputs signal (3) to appropriate lens moving means (not shown) and drives this lens moving means.
- the second driving section 260 can move and adjust the first light receiving optical system 20.
- FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing the operation of the optical property measuring apparatus 100 according to the present invention. Note that, for convenience of explanation, the description of the flowchart here is a schematic one, and a specific description will be given later.
- the measurement of the eye to be measured 60 is started by the measurer, and an image (for example, a Hartmann image or an anterior eye image) from the first light receiving unit 23 or the second light receiving unit 35 is acquired. Yes (S101).
- Zernike is based on the distance and coordinates of the Hartmann plate 22 and the first light receiving unit 23, which are numerical data on the Hartmann image in step S101.
- the Zernike coefficient is calculated based on the displacement due to the distortion of the Placido ring image, etc.
- step S103 Based on the Zernike coefficients, the wavefront or corneal difference of the eye 60 to be measured is calculated (S105).
- a display mode selection is made as to how the various data obtained from step S101-105 are displayed on the display section 230 (S107). These various data are collectively or selectively displayed as measurement data (measurement results) obtained under a plurality of conditions, image data and / or numerical data corresponding to the measurement results. Can be displayed graphically (see below for details). Further, various images and data or data are displayed on the display section 230 according to the display mode selected in step S107 (S109).
- step S109 When a display example different from the display example in step S109 is displayed on the display unit 230, the display mode is changed again to change the display mode selection selected in step S110. Mode selection is performed (S111). On the other hand, if the display mode selection selected in step S107 is not changed, it is determined whether or not to end the measurement (S113). If the measurement is not completed in step S113, an image is acquired again. On the other hand, when the measurement ends, the measurement ends.
- This image is, for example, a so-called Hartmann image obtained by passing through an opening formed on the Hartmann plate 22, and is also captured by the first light receiving unit 23 to which a CCD as an imaging unit is applied.
- This is the raw image that has been created.
- a plurality of beams converted by the Hartmann plate 22 are used. The irradiation position changes (corresponding to the arrow shown on the Hartmann image included in the display example described later).
- the Zernike coefficient is an important parameter for understanding the optical characteristics of the eye to be measured.
- This parameter is the operating principle of the calculation unit 210 that determines the optical characteristics of the eye 60 to be measured based on, for example, the inclination angle of the light beam obtained by the first light receiving unit 23 via the Hartmann plate 22.
- the optical property measuring apparatus 100 measures the wavefront aberration (W (X, Y)) of the eye 60 to be measured. For this reason, if the vertical and horizontal coordinates of the Hartmann plate 22, which is a conversion member, are (X, Y), and the vertical and horizontal coordinates of the first light receiving unit 23 are (X, y), generally, the following expression 3 is used. Similarly, the wavefront aberration W (X, Y) obtained has the relationship of the following Expression 1 and Expression 2. That is,
- f is the distance between the Hartmann plate 22 and the first light receiving unit 23 (
- the Zernike coefficient C tj is obtained by partially differentiating both sides of Expression 3 with the coordinates (X, Y) on the Hartmann plate 22.
- the measurer can select a desired display example from first to thirteen display examples described later.
- the measurer can also selectively display each element included in the first to thirteenth display examples.
- each element included in the first to thirteenth display examples will be described respectively.
- S 1 means tilt
- S 3, S 5, S (3 + 5) become coma-like aberrations
- S 2, S 4, S 6, S (4 +6) is a spherical-like aberration Note that, except for S2, aberrations higher than S3 are usually referred to as higher-order aberrations.
- symmetric aberration means fourth-order aberration + sixth-order aberration
- asymmetric aberration means third-order aberration + fifth-order aberration.
- the order of the higher-order aberrations is determined according to necessity, and is not limited to the sixth order.
- third-order + fifth-order + seventh-order is coma-like aberration
- fourth-order + sixth-order + 8th-order spherical aberration Meaning is coma-like aberration
- FIG. 18 is a diagram showing the expression form 60 ° of each aberration by the Zernike coefficient i.
- each item is divided into a name of each aberration, a Zernike aberration coefficient, a direction A x (for example, counterclockwise from the X axis), and the above-described RMS.
- the expression form 600 of each aberration includes an item 601 indicating third-order spherical aberration, an item 602 indicating fifth-order spherical aberration, an item 603 indicating seventh-order spherical aberration, and an item indicating third-order coma aberration.
- each of these aberrations is mainly or collectively or selectively displayed on the display unit 230 as an eye and cornea aberration display in fifth to eighth display examples described later.
- the position of the target wavefront is indicated by X and Y, and at the cross-section including the optical axis, the point where the normal of the wavefront at that position intersects the optical axis, Let L P be the distance to the wavefront position.
- the power P at this time is 1 / L P + 1 / L eye .
- L eye is the average axial length of the eye (for example, 0.017 (m)).
- the eye axis length may be configured to input a value measured by another device.
- the power distribution at each position (t) of the wavefront is represented by P (r, t).
- the power distribution P ( r , t) corresponds to an eye refractive power distribution (Ocular Refractive Power) described later.
- the wavefront aberration W (X, Y) in Equation 3 above is replaced with a power distribution P (r, t), and the same processing as described above is performed to obtain a Zernike coefficient Ci corresponding to the power distribution.
- the Zernike polynomials used are those of the polar coordinate system shown in FIG.
- spherical aberration, coma Obtain each aberration such as astigmatism.
- the power distribution Zernike polynomials Z;; case of approximating the type of aberrations is displayed classified as follows. Specifically, in the 0th-order, for terms without average power, sin or cos, spherical aberration, for sin (t) or GOS (t), coma, for sin (2t) or cos (2t), Astigmatism, sin (3t) or GOS (3t), is classified as sagittal, respectively.
- the power map of the anterior cornea is calculated from the reflection image of the Brachid ring from the anterior cornea.
- the reference center position is determined.
- the center position of the innermost Brachid ring image is obtained, and is associated with each ring.
- the center position of the innermost Brachid ring image is calculated by, for example, assuming that the ring is an ellipse, approximating each point on the ring by a function of least squares to an equation such as an ellipse, and calculating the center at that time.
- the distance r from the obtained center position of each ring to the position of each point on each ring is calculated. Next, the shape and power calculation will be described.
- the surface shape is a certain model curve f (r) at a distance "
- the cross-sectional shape is calculated.
- the model curve is, for example, an aspherical surface.
- Figure 21 (a) is an explanatory diagram (1) for shape and power calculations.
- df (r) / dr is approximated by the least-squares method as a function of the first derivative equation, and the coefficients A2, A4, ... are obtained.
- n corneal refractive power
- Figure 21 (b) is an explanatory diagram (2) for shape and power calculation.
- Refractive Power P r (r) is
- the power in one section is required.
- t means the radial r direction on the XY plane.
- the wavefront aberration W (X, Y) in Equation 3 is replaced with a power distribution P (t), and the same processing as described above is performed to obtain a Zernike coefficient corresponding to the power distribution.
- MTF is an index that indicates the transfer characteristics of spatial frequency, and is widely used to express the performance of optical systems. This MTF can be predicted by, for example, obtaining transfer characteristics of 0 to 100 sinusoidal density grids per degree.
- the monochromatic MTF is calculated from the wavefront aberration W (X, y).
- W (X, y) is an input value (measured value)
- corneal aberration may be corneal wavefront aberration obtained from the corneal shape.
- the pupil function f (X, y) is obtained from the wavefront aberration as follows.
- i is the imaginary number
- k is the wave number vector (27 ⁇ ).
- the white light MTF is calculated based on the monochromatic MTF obtained as described above.
- the MTF at each wavelength is weighted and added.
- I is expressed as MT “ ⁇ ,
- the visible light is weighted a lot and the calculation is performed.
- red, green, and blue are, for example, 656.2 nm, 587, 56 nm: 2, and 486.13 nm: 1, ,
- the white light MTF is measured at only one wavelength (840 nm), It may be obtained by calibrating other wavelengths based on the fixed result and correcting to white.
- MT F at each wavelength in the case of the aberration of the eye measuring the wavelength of the eye optical characteristic measuring apparatus, for example, when it is 840 nm, by the model eye Li respective wavelengths 84 0 n m Wavefront aberration of W84 .
- the chromatic aberration ⁇ ⁇ / ⁇ (x, y) corresponding to the amount of deviation from (X, y) is measured, and the chromatic aberration W A (x, y) is W 84 . It can be obtained by adding (x, y) and calculating the MTF from this wavefront aberration. That is,
- W A (x, y) W 840 (x, y) + W A (x, y)
- the measured corneal shape does not depend on the wavelength, but the refractive index of the cornea used when converting the shape into wavefront aberration depends on the wavelength.
- the MTF will again depend on the wavelength.
- the S treh I ratio (here, S) is calculated by dividing the center intensity I (0, 0) of the PSF, which is the intensity distribution of the point image obtained as described above, by the center of the PSF obtained in the case of an aberration-free optical system.
- Strength I It can be obtained by dividing by (0, 0). That is,
- Figure 4 is a flow chart showing the Landolt ring.
- a measurer for example, an ophthalmologist selects a predetermined one from a Landolt ring having a size corresponding to an appropriate visual acuity in order to examine a patient's visual acuity (S201).
- the luminance distribution function L and (x, y) indicating the pattern of the selected Randle ring may be obtained or may be stored in advance and read out (S203).
- the luminance distribution function L and (x, y) is expressed by the Hartmann plate 22 and the first light receiving unit 23.
- the XY coordinates between them the values of the lengths of the arrows given on the raw image taken above in the X and Y directions, respectively).
- F R (u, V) is obtained by performing a two-dimensional Fourier transform on the luminance distribution function L an d (x, y) (S205).
- OR (u, v) which is the frequency distribution after passing through the optical system of the eye, is obtained ( S 207).
- LandImage (X, Y) is obtained (S209).
- the Land Image (X, Y) obtained in step S209 is graphically displayed on the display screen of the display unit 230 (S211).
- the pupil size is displayed as “the visual appearance of the 0.7 eye Landolt ring” in both 03 (bright field) and 07 (dark field).
- FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram showing a first display example graphically displayed on the display unit 230.
- the display unit 230 includes, for example, a Hartmann image 300 which is a photographed raw image, an eye aberration map 310, An eye aberration display section 320, a white light MTF display 330, and a rundle ring appearance display 340 are displayed.
- the display section 230 includes, for example, the patient's name (here, Tokyo Mitsuko), measurement time (here, March 2, 200 ⁇ , 8:04 am), multiple measurement conditions (here, Wavefront measurement, which is the type of measurement, non-mydriatic, which is the type of the eye 60 to be measured, 840 nm, which is the measurement wavelength, and the measurement range of the eye to be measured, which is 6 ° (99 mm) are displayed.
- the patient's name here, Tokyo Mitsuko
- measurement time here, March 2, 200 ⁇ , 8:04 am
- multiple measurement conditions here, Wavefront measurement, which is the type of measurement, non-mydriatic, which is the type of the eye 60 to be measured, 840 nm, which is the measurement wavelength, and the measurement range of the eye to be measured, which is 6 ° (99 mm) are displayed.
- the Hartmann image 300 is, for example, an image based on the reflected light from the retina 61 of the eye 60 to be measured of the patient.
- the eyelid 301 of the patient is also displayed.
- the Hartmann image 300 includes a plurality of substantially parallel light fluxes through the Hartmann plate 22.
- the image point 302 assuming that the light is received on the light receiving unit 23 and the reflected light from the retina 61 of the eye 60 to be measured are substantially outwardly transmitted through the transmitting portion or the opening formed in the Hartmann plate 22.
- the area point 303 when the light beam is received on the first light receiving unit 23 as a spread light beam is included.
- the solid line 304 (the starting point is the image point 302 and the ending point is the center of gravity of the area point 303) displayed in the Hartmann image 300 is vector-decomposed along the vertical and horizontal coordinate axes of the first light receiving unit 23.
- the value obtained in this case is a numerical value of the displacement of the luminous flux, and corresponds to ⁇ x and Ay required for obtaining the above Zernike coefficients.
- the solid line 304 which is the difference between the image point 302 and the area point 304, corresponds to the wavefront aberration of the subject's eye 60.
- the eye aberration map 3 10 includes, for example, a concentric circle 3 1 1 indicating the pupil in the bright field (here, 3 mm), a concentric circle 3 1 2 indicating the pupil in the dark field (here, 07 mm), It includes a plurality of substantially elliptical rings 3 13 in which the wavefront aberration calculated from the Zernike coefficients in consideration of the light beam deviation is shown by contour lines.
- a scale (0-360) at every 10 ° is displayed on the outer peripheral edge of the eye aberration map 310 so as to make it easy to visually recognize.
- a scale corresponding to the measurement range of the eye 60 to be measured for example, every 1.0 m, a scale of -5.0 to 5.0) 3 1 4 is displayed.
- the wavefront aberration all aberrations including low-order aberrations of the eye to be measured or higher-order (third-order and higher) aberrations are displayed as necessary.
- the wavefront aberration is displayed graphically by changing the color, density, etc., as necessary.
- second-order or higher order aberrations are displayed as initial values, but it is also possible to select to display first-order or higher order aberrations as total aberrations.
- Various numerical data in a bright field (here, 03 mm) and a dark field (here, 07 mm) are displayed on the eye aberration display section 320.
- the aberration components of the eye 60 to be measured for example, coma-like aberration and spherical-like aberration
- the diopter here, displayed as C, unit D
- the astigmatic axis here, displayed as A, unit.
- the visual acuity here, PVA
- the spherical power and the astigmatic power are obtained from the second order (S 2) of the Zernike coefficients.
- S 2 the second order of the Zernike coefficients.
- the plurality of substantially elliptical rings 3 13 displayed on the above-described eye aberration map 310 take these aberration coefficients into consideration.
- the white light MTF display 330 is an index indicating the appearance of a sine wave grid or the like.
- the horizontal axis is a spatial frequency (cycle / deg) (for example, 0 to 1 °).
- a value corresponding to 100 black lines) is displayed as a graph in which the vertical axis represents the degree of appearance of a black and white pattern (0 to 1).
- the visual acuity is 0.9 in a bright field (here, 03 mm)
- the diagonal lines on the graph indicate the normal range.
- the rundle ring appearance display 340 indicates, as described above, how the mark for visual acuity examination looks on the retina 61 of the patient.
- the appearance display 340 of the Randle ring is, for example, in a bright field (here, 03 mm). If this is the result of the measurement, the Randle ring corresponding to a visual acuity of 0.7 can be seen finely and finely without blurring. In the dark field (here, 07 mm), this measurement result indicates that the image looks thick because it is slightly blurred.
- FIG. 6A is an explanatory view (1) showing a modification of the first display example.
- the center of gravity of the image point used to measure the wavefront aberration is plotted on the Hartmann image 300, which is a raw image taken, with a black triangle 35 1
- a black triangle 351 corresponds to a grid point (small hole, opening or transmission part) provided on the Hartmann plate and a measured irradiation area point. It is arranged at the position of the center of gravity in the irradiation area. It shows that the center of gravity can be obtained by a method such as the so-called moment method based on the irradiation intensity and the irradiation position.
- the display unit 230 in the first display example (in addition to the eye aberration map 310), correspondence is taken, and the grid points provided on the Hartmann plate from which the measurement results are obtained.
- 5 shows an example of displaying an eye aberration map 360 in which is overlaid.
- FIG. 6 (b) is an explanatory view (2) showing a modification of the first display example.
- FIG. 7 is an explanatory view (3) showing a modification of the first display example.
- a bird's-eye view map 37 ° showing the three-dimensional shape in the measurement range of the eye 60 to be measured is displayed on the display unit 230 in the first display example, instead of the eye aberration map 310.
- the bird's-eye view map 370 includes, for example, a plane scale (here, 4.5-4.5) having the origin at the center point of the pupil and a body scale (here, according to the measurement range of 9 mm). (5.0 to +5.0 m) to indicate the three-dimensional shape.
- an appropriate display pattern can be selected and created using the Hartmann images 300 and 350 described above, the eye aberration maps 310 and 360, and the bird's-eye view map 370. .
- the display example described above by displaying the aberration coefficient in a bright place (small diameter, for example, 03 mm) and in a dark place (large pupil, for example, ⁇ ) mm, Both can be compared. Also, for example, ophthalmologists, laboratory technicians, etc. may use valuable numerical data that indicates that the value of the displayed aberration coefficient is large and that it is necessary to take some measure (for example, treatment by going to a hospital or hospitalization). Depending on the degree of attention, for example, the display may be such that the color changes as blue-light-blue ⁇ yellow-yellow-red as the distance from the normal value increases.
- the white light MTF display 330 can perform both the bright field and the dark field display.
- the corrected visual acuity may be displayed from the coefficient obtained by the measurement.
- a display in which the appearance of the Landolt's ring is estimated based on the corrected visual acuity may be displayed.
- the unit of the aberration may be any one of m, nm, ⁇ , etc. Further, selection of binocular display may be performed.
- FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram showing a second display example graphically displayed on the display unit 230.
- the display unit 230 includes, for example, a display 380 of Bratide measurement, a corneal aberration map 390, a corneal aberration display unit 400, a display 330 of white light MTF (03, 07 mm), and a view of a rundle ring. And 340 are displayed.
- the measurement range of the eye 60 to be measured is, for example, 012 mm.
- the display of the Bratide measurement 380 uses the luminous flux from the third light source 51 using the placido ring 41 that projects the index of the pattern composed of the plurality of concentric zones 38 1. Is irradiated onto the cornea 62 of the eye 60 to be measured, and the reflected light from the cornea 62 with the plurality of concentric rings 38 1 is displayed based on the light receiving signal received on the second light receiving unit 35. . Further, by removing or adjusting the Hartmann plate 22, it is also possible to perform measurement with the light receiving unit 23.
- the deviation from the concentric circle at each coordinate of the measured Placido ring 41 is defined as ⁇ X, A y, and the Zernike coefficient is calculated in the same manner as described above, and further, the corneal aberration can be obtained by calculating the wavefront.
- the corneal aberration map 390 is composed of a concentric circle 3 1 1 showing the pupil in the bright field (here, 03 mm), a concentric circle 3 1 2 showing the pupil in the dark field (here, 07 mm), and a light flux shift. And a contour line 39 1 indicating the corneal aberration calculated from the Zernike coefficient in consideration of the above. Note that, for example, a scale (0 to 360) every 10 ° is displayed on the outer peripheral edge of the corneal aberration map 390, so that it is easy to visually recognize.
- a scale for example, every 1.0 ⁇ m, a scale of -5.0-5.0 corresponding to the measurement range (here, 012 mm) of the eye 60 to be measured. 3 1 4 is displayed.
- the corneal aberration display unit 400 provides, instead of the spherical aberration map 310 described above, a spherical power S, an astigmatic power C, and an astigmatic axis A of 1 (focal length (unit: meter) of the eye) instead of the cornea.
- a spherical power S a spherical power S
- an astigmatic power C an astigmatic axis A of 1 (focal length (unit: meter) of the eye
- the corneal aberration indicated here by D, unit D
- the radius of curvature mm the radius of curvature mm
- the axial direction indicated by A, unit
- the maximum H indicating the radius of curvature and V indicating the minimum radius of curvature
- the eye aberration display unit 230 is calculated based on the entire eye (that is, the retina 61), whereas the corneal aberration display unit 400 is calculated based on only the cornea 62. Therefore, the eye aberration display section 320, and corneal aberration The specific numerical data displayed on the display unit 400 is different as shown in the figure.
- FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram showing a third display example graphically displayed on the display unit 230.
- the axial power map 410 based on the corneal shape and the refractive power map 420 instead of the brachid measurement display 380 are shown.
- Or Instantaneous Power Map 430 are displayed together or selectively.
- the measurement range here is, for example, 0.9 mm, and the measurement range of the above-mentioned corneal aberration map 390 is also displayed in the same manner.
- a scale for example, 0.5D
- the measurement range here, 09 mm
- FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram showing a fourth display example graphically displayed on the display unit 230.
- the display unit 230 includes, for example, an eye aberration map 310, a corneal aberration map 390, and an intraocular map calculated based on the eye and corneal aberration maps 310, 390.
- An (internal) aberration map 440 and an intraocular (internal) aberration display section 450 are displayed.
- the intraocular (internal) aberration map 440 is displayed based on, for example, the intraocular aberration coefficient displayed in the intraocular (internal) aberration map 440.
- the intraocular aberration coefficient is calculated by, for example, subtracting a corneal aberration coefficient for displaying the corneal aberration map 390 from an entire eye aberration coefficient for displaying the eye aberration map 310. Data.
- FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram showing a modification of the fourth display example.
- the eye aberration map 3 1 ⁇ In addition to the corneal aberration map 390 and the intraocular (internal) aberration map 440, the grid points provided on the Hartmann plate for which the corresponding measurement results were obtained can be overlaid on the color map of each aberration.
- An example is shown in which an eye aberration map 460, a corneal aberration map 470, and an intraocular (internal) aberration map 480, respectively, are displayed in a ray display.
- FIG. 12 is a flowchart showing corneal aberration measurement.
- the corneal vertex is used as a reference, and a corneal shape map (Hight Map) showing the height of the corneal shape according to the light receiving position of the brachydrilling is shown. It is calculated (S301).
- the shape of the reference spherical surface that fits as much as possible to the corneal shape determined in step S301 is calculated (S302). Thereby, the calculation accuracy of the Zernike coefficient can be improved. It suffices to find the required location according to the measurement range (for example, 03, ⁇ 7).
- the component of the reference spherical surface is subtracted from the component of the corneal shape (S303).
- a residual component having only a difference from the reference spherical surface is obtained.
- the spherical aberration of the reference spherical surface is calculated (S304).
- the wavefront aberration of the residual component obtained in step S303 is calculated (S305).
- a selection is made between the second measurement mode to be combined (S306).
- the process proceeds to step S307, and when the second measurement mode is selected, the process proceeds to step S309.
- the wavefront difference between them is calculated. Obtained as corneal wavefront aberration (S307). Further, a Zernike coefficient of the corneal wavefront aberration obtained in step S307 is calculated (S308). The Zernike coefficient indicates corneal aberration.
- step S306 when the second measurement mode is selected, the reference spherical surface The Zernike coefficient is calculated from the wavefront aberration of (S309).
- a Zernike coefficient is calculated from the wavefront aberration of the residual component obtained in step S305 (S310).
- the corneal aberration is obtained by combining the Zernike coefficients obtained in steps S309 and S310 (S311).
- FIG. 13 is an explanatory diagram showing a fifth display example graphically displayed on the display unit 230. As shown in FIG. 13
- the display unit 230 displays, for example, the aberration of the eye and the aberration of the cornea collectively.
- the display of the aberration of the eye is the raw image taken in the first display example described above.
- Lutmann image 300 (displayed here as Image, and detailed images are omitted), all aberrations of the subject's eye including at least second-order aberrations, and third- and third-order aberrations
- a Bratide image 3800 here, denoted as Image
- the axial power map 410 shown in the third display example and the corneal higher order aberration map 395.
- an eye and corneal aberration display section 490 including numerical data corresponding to eye aberration and corneal aberration is displayed on the display section 23 °.
- the display form of the total aberration 3 15 and the higher-order aberration 3 16 is substantially the same as the eye aberration map 3 10 described in detail in the first display example. Omitted.
- the display form of the corneal higher order aberration map 395 is described in detail in the second display example, and is substantially the same as the corneal aberration map 390, and the detailed display is omitted here.
- the scales 3 14 displayed near the respective maps here are the same as the scales described in detail in the first display example.
- the unit of the scale 314 scale can be changed as appropriate.
- the scale unit of the total aberration 315 is not limited to 1.5, 0 to 5.0 ⁇ m, but is 11.0. It may be set to ⁇ 10.0 ⁇ m, or 15.0 to 15.0 ⁇ m.
- a scale 3 19 indicating the diopter value (D) is displayed near the Axial Power map 4 10.
- the scale 3 19 displayed near each map is the same as the scale described in detail in the second display example.
- the scale unit of the scale 319 can be changed as appropriate, and is not limited to 35.5 to 52.0 (D).
- the Axial Power Map 410 is displayed as the power map of the cornea, but instead of this Axial Power Map 410, for example, the Refractive Power 420, Instantaneous Power 430, and the Zernike coefficient, the coefficient C 21 of the term corresponding to the spherical component of the total aberration of the cornea, which will be described later, is replaced by the coefficient C 21 of the term corresponding to the spherical component of the Zernike coefficient representing the total aberration of the eye. All aberrations of the first order or higher (selectable) may be selectively displayed.
- the display area of each aberration map may display an aberration map calculated based on a pupil diameter in a dark place (for example, 06) or a pupil diameter of a mydriatic pupil (for example, 08).
- the display area of the power map of the cornea can be changed.
- the eye and corneal aberration display unit 490 corresponds to, for example, the eye aberration display unit 320 shown in the first display example for the eye aberration display, and similarly, the eye and the cornea aberration display unit 490 shows the second for the corneal aberration display.
- the corneal display section 400 shown in the display example corresponds to the corneal display section 400 shown in the display example.
- numerical data on the mydriasis described later are also displayed.
- the eye and cornea aberration display unit 490 displays numerical data classified into, for example, a bright place, a dark place, and a mydriasis according to the diameter of the pupil.
- specific numerical values are omitted.
- the photoperiod is a so-called photopic vision, in which a relatively high level of brightness is observed at a brightness of several cd / m 2 or more. It just means looking at things.
- the mydriasis is a so-called dilate, which means a state in which the diameter is further enlarged as compared with general scotopic vision. This means that the subject's pupil naturally expands more than in a dark place when the subject spends a long time in. Note that The pupil diameters corresponding to the time, the darkness, and the mydriasis can be respectively changed.
- display Z non-display can also be selected.
- the total aberration map 3 15 has at least second-order aberrations here, it includes a first-order aberration (tilt) so that a special shape such as a keratoconus can be displayed. Since a case may be assumed, the first-order aberration or more may be displayed as the total aberration.
- FIG. 14 is an explanatory diagram showing a sixth display example graphically displayed on the display unit 230. As shown in FIG.
- the display unit 230 selectively displays, for example, eye aberrations and corneal aberrations.
- eye aberration display a Hartmann image 300, which is a raw image taken in the first display example described above (here, displayed as Image 385, detailed images are omitted)
- Coma-like aberration map 3 1 showing the higher-order aberrations including third-order and higher-order aberrations 3 16 and the higher-order aberrations included in the higher-order aberrations 3 16 as asymmetric and symmetric aberrations, respectively.
- 7. Includes a spherical-like aberration map 318, a wavefront aberration S map 50,000 corresponding to the spherical component, and a wavefront aberration C map 510 corresponding to the astigmatism (the L component).
- a placid image 380 (displayed as Image 385 here), which is a display of the placid measurement shown in the second display example. , Detailed image is omitted), and the description is omitted because it is almost the same as the eye aberration display.
- the eye and cornea aberration display unit 495 includes an eye and cornea aberration display unit 490 that collectively displays the eye and cornea aberrations shown in the fifth display example. , Or Cornea aberrations are selectively displayed.
- the map 500 of the wavefront aberration S corresponding to the spherical component is, for example, a diopter value (S m) corresponding to the amount of movement of the first light receiving optical system 20 by the second drive unit 260.
- t is calculated based on J and the value obtained by converting the Zernike coefficient corresponding to the spherical component obtained from the obtained Hartmann image 300 into a diopter value. That is,
- the first light receiving optical system 2 When displaying the map 500 of this wavefront aberration S, the first light receiving optical system 2
- the diopter value (S m .t. R ) corresponding to the amount of movement of 0 is converted to a Zernike coefficient, and the Zernike coefficient corresponding to the spherical component obtained from the Hartmann image 300 is added to this. calculate.
- FIG. 15 is an explanatory diagram showing a modification of the sixth display example.
- a map 500 of the wavefront aberration S corresponding to the spherical component, and a map of the wavefront aberration C corresponding to the astigmatism (the L-vision component) instead of the map 5110, the total aberration map 315 shown in the fifth display example and the higher-order aberration map 316 shown in the total aberration map 315 and the sixth display example were calculated.
- the point image intensity distribution (PSF) 520 is displayed, and the display positions of the high-order aberration map 316, the coma-like aberration map 317, and the spherical-like aberration map 318 are changed and displayed. The example shown is shown.
- the point image intensity distribution (PSF) 520 is displayed in a mode that displays the point image intensity distribution (PSF) affected by third-order and higher-order aberrations, and a point for all aberrations including second-order and higher.
- a mode for displaying the image intensity distribution (PSF) can be selected.
- the eye and cornea aberration display sections 495 are the same as those in the sixth display example, and a description thereof will be omitted.
- FIG. 16 is an explanatory diagram showing a seventh display example graphically displayed on the display unit 230. As shown in FIG.
- the display unit 230 individually displays the aberration of the eye and the aberration of the cornea.
- the aberration is represented by, for example, a spherical component, an astigmatism component, a coma aberration, They are displayed as sagittal aberration and residual aberration, respectively.
- the display section 230 has a map 500 of the wavefront aberration S corresponding to the spherical component shown in the sixth display example, and a map of the wavefront aberration C corresponding to the astigmatism (astigmatic component).
- each wavefront aberration here is the same form as the eye aberration map shown in the first display example, and the detailed display is omitted.
- the map 510 of the wavefront aberration C corresponds to the item 607 of the third-order astigmatism.
- the coma aberration map 525 corresponds to the item 604 of the third-order coma aberration.
- the sagittal aberration map 530 corresponds to the item 605 of sagittal aberration.
- the third-order spherical aberration map 540 corresponds to the item 601 of the third-order spherical aberration.
- the fifth-order astigmatism map 550 corresponds to the fifth-order astigmatism item 608.
- the fifth-order spherical aberration map 560 corresponds to the item 602 of the fifth-order spherical aberration.
- the value described in item 602 is displayed in the mean square error (RMS2) of the aberration coefficient displayed near the fifth-order spherical aberration map 560.
- the residual aberration map 570 includes terms other than the terms of the Zernike polynomials used as higher-order aberrations (specifically, Z 4 , Z 44 , Z 5 , Z 51 , Z 52 , Z 53 , Z 54
- FIG. 17 is an explanatory diagram showing an eighth display example graphically displayed on the display unit 230.
- the display unit 230 selectively displays the aberrations of the eye and the respective aberrations of the cornea.
- the upper part of the display unit 230 includes a No, a Rutman image 300, a total aberration map 3 15 Astigmatism + higher-order aberration map 580, higher-order aberration map 3 16 are displayed.
- spherical aberration (including each order) 585, coma (including each order) 5 9 0, higher order astigmatism (excluding astigmatism component) 5 95, sagittal aberration map 5 30 is displayed.
- the astigmatism + high-order aberration map 580 is, for example, a high-order aberration map 316 shown in the fifth display example and a wavefront aberration map 5 1 corresponding to the astigmatism component shown in the sixth display example. Displayed based on 0.
- the spherical aberration 585 is displayed based on, for example, each spherical aberration of the order described above.
- the coma aberration 590 is displayed based on, for example, each of the above-mentioned order frame differences.
- the high-order astigmatism 595 is displayed, for example, based on each of the above-mentioned high-order astigmatisms (except for the third-order astigmatism corresponding to the random number component).
- FIG. 22 is an explanatory diagram showing a ninth display example that is graphically displayed on the display unit 230.
- a corneal refractive power map (Ref ract ive Power Map) 610 and an eye refractive power distribution (OGUThat Ref ract ive Power Map) 6 20
- Numerical data display section 630 relating to the display of is displayed.
- the display elements of the numerical data display section 630 include, for example, average power in bright places and dark places, spherical aberration, coma aberration, astigmatism, sagittal aberration, residual aberration, and total. It is.
- the display form of the corneal refractive power 6 10 and the eye refractive power distribution 6 20 is the same as that of the eye aberration map described in detail in the first display example. Is omitted.
- the unit is D (diopter).
- these displays can be monochrome or color code maps as required.
- FIG. 23 is an explanatory diagram showing a tenth display example graphically displayed on the display unit 230.
- the display unit 230 includes, for example, an ocular refractive power distribution (Ocular Refractive Power Map) 61 O, an eye aberration map (higher-order aberration) 64 0, and numerical data relating to these displays.
- Display section 650 is displayed.
- the display elements of this numerical data display section 650 include, for example, average power in a bright place and in a dark place, spherical aberration, coma, astigmatism, sagittal aberration, residual aberration, and total. included.
- the display form of the eye refractive power distribution (OGU lar Refractive Power Map) 610 and the eye aberration map (high-order aberration) 640 are shown in the first display example of the eye. This is the same form as the aberration map, and a detailed display example is omitted.
- these displays can be a monochrome or color code map as required.
- FIG. 24 is an explanatory diagram showing a first display example graphically displayed on the display unit 230. As shown in FIG.
- an optical system refractive power distribution (Ocu l ar I nterna l Opt i cs Refract i ve Power Map) 660 inside the eyeball and a numerical data display section 670 associated with this display are displayed.
- the display elements of the numerical data display section 6 are, for example, average power in a bright place and in a dark place, spherical aberration, coma, astigmatism, sagittal aberration, residual aberration, and total.
- the display form of the optical system refractive power distribution 660 inside the eyeball is the same form as the eye aberration map shown in the first display example, and the display example is omitted.
- the optical system refractive power distribution 660 inside the eyeball can be obtained, for example, as the difference from the eye refractive power distribution 62 ° shown in the ninth display example to the corneal refractive power map 610. it can.
- the display here can be a monochrome or color code map, if necessary.
- FIG. 25 is an explanatory diagram showing a 12th display example graphically displayed on the display unit 230.
- the display unit 230 includes, for example, an optical system refractive power distribution (Ocular Internal Optics Refractive Power Map) 660 inside the eyeball, an aberration distribution (Ocular Internal Optics Aberration Map) 675 inside the eyeball, and a numerical data display unit 680 related to this display. indicate.
- the numerical data display section 680 includes various display elements as shown in the figure.
- the display form of the distribution here is the same as that of the eye aberration map shown in the first display example, and the display example is omitted.
- the optical system refractive power distribution 660 inside the eyeball is the same as the distribution shown in the first display example.
- the aberration distribution inside the eyeball (Ocular Internal Optics Aberration Map) is the same as the intraocular aberration 440 shown in the fourth display example.
- the display here may be a monochrome or color code map, if necessary.
- FIG. 26 is an explanatory diagram showing a thirteenth display example that is graphically displayed on the display unit 230.
- the display unit 230 displays, for example, an axial power map (Axial Power Map) 685 of the cornea, an instantaneous power map (690), and a numerical data display unit 695 relating to this display.
- the display elements of the numerical data display section 695 include, for example, average power, spherical aberration, coma, astigmatism, astigmatism, sagittal aberration, residual aberration, and including.
- the display forms of the corneal axial power map (Axial Power Map) 685 and the instantaneous power map (Instantaneous Power Map) 690 are the same as the eye aberration map shown in the first display example.
- the display example is omitted.
- the display here can be a monochrome or color code map, if necessary.
- ⁇ which is displayed in the above-described numerical data display sections in the light place, in the dark place, and for analyzing the entire cornea, can be set as appropriate.
- the measurement data (measurement result) obtained under a plurality of conditions, the image data and / or numerical data corresponding to the measurement result are converted as necessary. Collectively or selectively, it can be graphically displayed on the display unit 23 ⁇ .
- the Hartma shown in each of the above display examples In the image-aberration diagram, the anterior eye image, the spot barycenter position used for analysis, and the reference grid point corresponding to the spot barycenter position can also be displayed in a superimposed manner. (Example of 14th display)
- FIG. 27 is an explanatory diagram showing a fourteenth display example graphically displayed on the display unit 230.
- FIG. 9 shows a display mode that can be displayed instead of or in addition to the MTF display in FIG. 5 shown as the first display example or FIG. 8 shown as the second display example.
- Fig. 27 On the left side, a figure showing the PSF showing the optical characteristics of the eye 60 to be measured on a plane by contour lines is arranged, and on the right side, a figure showing the MTF in a planar view by contour lines is arranged. . Next to them, numerical data of the so-called StrehI ratio is displayed. The PSF diagram on the plane shown here is shown normalized by the Strehl ratio.
- FIG. 28 is an explanatory diagram showing a fifteenth display example graphically displayed on the display unit 230.
- FIG. 11 shows a display mode that can be displayed instead of or in addition to the MTF display in FIG. 5 shown as the first display example or FIG. 8 shown as the second display example.
- a diagram in which the PSF indicating the optical characteristics of the eye 60 to be measured is shown on a plane by contour lines is arranged in the lower stage, and a diagram in which the PSF is displayed in three dimensions is arranged in the upper stage.
- the PSF figure on the plane shown here is displayed as normalized by the Streh I ratio.
- the MTF indicating the optical characteristics of the eye 60 to be measured is cross-sectioned in a two-dimensional or predetermined axial direction, or in one or more of the X direction, the y direction, and the average thereof (eg, For example, the figure shown in section 3) is placed in the upper row, and the figure shown in a plane by contour lines is placed in the lower row.
- the optical characteristic measuring apparatus 100 needs, for example, measurement data (measurement results) obtained under a plurality of conditions, image data and / or numerical data corresponding to the measurement results. According to the above, it is possible to collectively or selectively display a graphic on the display unit 230.
- the anterior eye image, the spot centroid position that could be used for analysis, and the reference grid point corresponding to this spot centroid position are all superimposed. They can also be displayed together.
- measurement data obtained under a plurality of conditions
- image data and / or numerical data corresponding to the measurement results can be displayed together or selectively.
- measurement data (measurement results), image data and / or numerical data corresponding to the measurement results are collectively or selectively displayed on the entire eye to be measured, the cornea, and the eye. can do.
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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- Biophysics (AREA)
- Ophthalmology & Optometry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
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Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US10/399,612 US6905209B2 (en) | 2000-10-18 | 2001-10-16 | Optical characteristics measuring device |
AU2001294271A AU2001294271A1 (en) | 2000-10-18 | 2001-10-16 | Optical characteristics measuring device |
EP01974885A EP1334691A4 (en) | 2000-10-18 | 2001-10-16 | DEVICE FOR MEASURING OPTICAL PROPERTIES |
Applications Claiming Priority (8)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2000318559 | 2000-10-18 | ||
JP2000-318559 | 2000-11-17 | ||
JP2000-351796 | 2000-11-17 | ||
JP2000350659 | 2000-11-17 | ||
JP2000-350659 | 2000-11-17 | ||
JP2000351796A JP4652558B2 (ja) | 2000-10-18 | 2000-11-17 | 光学特性測定装置 |
JP2001-119086 | 2001-04-18 | ||
JP2001119086A JP2002209854A (ja) | 2000-10-18 | 2001-04-18 | 光学特性測定装置 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2002032299A1 true WO2002032299A1 (fr) | 2002-04-25 |
Family
ID=27481715
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP2001/009084 WO2002032299A1 (fr) | 2000-10-18 | 2001-10-16 | Dispositif de mesure de caracteristiques optiques |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6905209B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1334691A4 (ja) |
AU (1) | AU2001294271A1 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2002032299A1 (ja) |
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WO2004019771A1 (en) * | 2002-08-29 | 2004-03-11 | Kabushiki Kaisha Topcon | Method and apparatus for measurement and correction of refractive power distribution data |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP1334691A1 (en) | 2003-08-13 |
AU2001294271A1 (en) | 2002-04-29 |
US20030189690A1 (en) | 2003-10-09 |
EP1334691A4 (en) | 2009-01-07 |
US6905209B2 (en) | 2005-06-14 |
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