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WO2002015687A2 - Systemes permettant d'humidifier les vegetaux et les sols - Google Patents

Systemes permettant d'humidifier les vegetaux et les sols Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2002015687A2
WO2002015687A2 PCT/US2001/025979 US0125979W WO0215687A2 WO 2002015687 A2 WO2002015687 A2 WO 2002015687A2 US 0125979 W US0125979 W US 0125979W WO 0215687 A2 WO0215687 A2 WO 0215687A2
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
composition
soil
polymer
composition according
mixtures
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US2001/025979
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English (en)
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WO2002015687A3 (fr
Inventor
Mark William Hamersky
Steven Daryl Smith
Original Assignee
The Procter & Gamble Company
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from US09/891,476 external-priority patent/US20020042346A1/en
Application filed by The Procter & Gamble Company filed Critical The Procter & Gamble Company
Priority to AU2001285104A priority Critical patent/AU2001285104A1/en
Publication of WO2002015687A2 publication Critical patent/WO2002015687A2/fr
Publication of WO2002015687A3 publication Critical patent/WO2002015687A3/fr

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K17/00—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials
    • C09K17/14—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials containing organic compounds only
    • C09K17/18—Prepolymers; Macromolecular compounds
    • C09K17/20—Vinyl polymers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F11/00—Other organic fertilisers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
    • C05G3/60—Biocides or preservatives, e.g. disinfectants, pesticides or herbicides; Pest repellants or attractants
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
    • C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K17/00—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials
    • C09K17/14—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials containing organic compounds only
    • C09K17/18—Prepolymers; Macromolecular compounds
    • C09K17/20—Vinyl polymers
    • C09K17/22—Polyacrylates; Polymethacrylates
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K17/00—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials
    • C09K17/14—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials containing organic compounds only
    • C09K17/18—Prepolymers; Macromolecular compounds
    • C09K17/32—Prepolymers; Macromolecular compounds of natural origin, e.g. cellulosic materials

Definitions

  • compositions, systems, methods, and articles of manufacture that provide soils, plants, or both, with moisture, and optionally, other active ingredients.
  • the compositions can be used as the sole source of moisture for a growing plant or as an adjunct source during periods of diminished watering.
  • the compositions, systems, methods, and articles of manufacture are particularly well suited for use in household and potted plant applications, but may also be applied to larger scale (e.g. , farming) applications.
  • Soils such as potting soils are commercially available from companies such as the Scotts Company of Marysville, Ohio. Commercially available potting soils typically contain about 40 to about 50% water. It would be desirable to store, ship, and supply potting soils dry to minimize weight and thus costs (e.g., shipping). However, dry soils, such as potting soils, suffer from die drawback that when a user attempts to wet the soil, channeling and run-through may occur. Channeling means void spaces form in the soil. Run-through means that the soil does not absorb water to its full capacity because water added to dry soil does not contact the entire surface area of the soil. This causes plants, seeds, or both, in the soil to receive insufficient water.
  • Plants require specific amounts of moisture to germinate, grow, and remain viable. Water serves many purposes, inter alia, as a transport for nutrients, and for support of cellular structure. Since antiquity irrigation has been a means for providing moisture to cultivated flora, inter alia, crops. Provided the source of water is plentiful, the means for delivering water is neither inexpensive nor a burden to available resources, for example, not prohibitively labor intensive, irrigation is a method of choice in diminished rain fall and arid environments.
  • compositions, systems, methods, and articles of manufacture that provide soils, plants, or both, with moisture, and optionally, other active ingredients. It has been surprisingly discovered that dry soil rewetting can be improved, moisture can be controllably delivered to a plant, or both, by a composition. In addition, the compositions of this invention can be used to deliver other beneficial agents to the soil, plant, or both.
  • This invention further relates to a system for providing moisture and optionally other ingredients to plants or other cultivated flora by a means that does not have the expensive requirement of an irrigation system and that does not require daily management by the user.
  • the compositions typically comprise: A. an active ingredient selected from the group consisting of
  • adjunct ingredients are preferably selected from the group consisting of: a) a stabilizer; b) an insecticide; c) a fertilizer comprising: i) a source of available nitrogen; ii) optionally a source of available phosphorous; iii) optionally a source of available potassium; iv) optionally a source of heavy metals; and v) the balance inert ingredients, carriers, and solubility aids; and d) combinations thereof.
  • the invention further relates to a means to deliver preferred levels and types of active ingredients to the soil.
  • This invention further relates to a means for improving wettability of dry soil.
  • the means comprises the compositions of the present invention in various forms, inter alia, as a solid or a fluid such as a sprayable liquid, a pourable liquid, a gel, etc., or the composition can be delivered in conjunction with an article of manufacture as described herein.
  • This invention further relates to a means for delivering moisture to a plant that comprises the compositions of the present invention in various forms, inter alia, as a solid, sprayable liquid, soil injectable solution, etc. or the composition can be delivered in conjunction with an article of manufacture as described herein.
  • Anaerobically biodegradable means the ability of a polymer to be converted by microbes to the lowest metabolic constituent endpoints, namely, water, carbon dioxide, and methane, said metabolic endpoints are achievable under reduced or depleted oxygen conditions.
  • Cps means centipoise as measured by ASTM Standard D4287 performed at low shear rates (0.1-100 s "1 ).
  • EO ethylene oxide
  • PO propylene oxide
  • compositions that provide soils, plants, or both, with moisture, and optionally, other active ingredients.
  • the compositions typically comprise:
  • Viscosity of the composition depends on various factors, including the exact ingredients selected for A and B and the form of the composition.
  • the composition may be a solid or a fluid, such as a liquid or gel.
  • the composition is a liquid, e.g., a sprayable liquid or pourable liquid, and ingredient A is I or III; the composition has a viscosity of from about 10 centipoise (cps), preferably about 100 cps, more preferably from about 250 cps, still more preferably from about 500 cps, most preferably from about 800 cps to about 5000 cps, preferably to about 3000 cps, more preferably to about 1500 cps, most preferably to about 1000 cps.
  • cps centipoise
  • the composition is a solid (e.g., granules or powder).
  • the viscosity may be about 10 cps to greater than or equal to about 500,000 cps.
  • Ingredient A imparts wettability to soil, controlled release of moisture to plants, or both.
  • Ingredient I is a water soluble or water dispersible polymer capable of absorbing and controllably releasing water once the composition is delivered to soil, thereby providing controlled release of moisture.
  • Ingredient I may also impart some wettability to the soil.
  • Ingredient II is a surfactant that imparts wettability to the soil.
  • Ingredient II may also impart some water absorption and controlled release properties.
  • compositions of this invention release moisture in a manner which is utilizable to the plant.
  • Polymers Ingredient I is a water soluble or dispersible polymer.
  • the polymers of this invention can be biodegradable or non-biodegradable.
  • the polymer When the composition will be used to pre-treat soil, the polymer is preferably non-biodegradable.
  • the polymer When the composition will be used to post-treat soil, the polymer is preferably biodegradable.
  • Preferred biodegradable polymers are anaerobically biodegradable polymers.
  • the polymer is typically not crosslinked.
  • the amount of Ingredient I in the composition is 0 to about 20%, preferably about 0.01 to about 20%.
  • composition is designed to deliver and maintain certain levels of polymer to the soil, typically from about 0.1% to about 10%, preferably about 0.25% to about 5%, more preferably about 0.5% to about 2%, based on the weight of the soil.
  • these amounts are meant to be exemplary, not Umiting.
  • Vinyl Polymers and Copolymers One preferred class of polymer according to the present invention are polymers and copolymers which are herein defined as "vinyl monomers.”
  • the term “homopolymer” will stand for polymers which comprise only one monomer, inter alia, polyvinyl alcohol, but the term “polymer” will be used interchangeably herewith.
  • the term “polymer” will also be used interchangeably with the term “copolymer” throughout the present specification when describing polymeric materials in general and when no delineation between "homopolymer” and “copolymer” is required.
  • "Vinyl Polymers” are homopolymers which comprise one or copolymers which comprise two or more monomers having the formula:
  • R 1 X wherein each R 1 is independently hydrogen, C ⁇ -C 12 alkyl, -C 12 alkoxy, phenyl, substituted phenyl, benzyl, substituted benzyl, carbocyclic, heterocyclic, and mixtures thereof;
  • R 2 is hydrogen, -C 12 alkyl, and mixtures thereof;
  • crosslinkable vinyl monomers having the formula:
  • R 3 X wherein X is the same as defined herein above; R 3 is R 1 , -(CH 2 ) m CH 2 OH, -(CH 2 ) m C0 2 R' ,
  • crosslinkable vinyl monomers include maleic acid, fumaric acid, itaconic acid, citraconic acid, hydromuconic acid, vinyl acetate, and mixtures thereof.
  • Non-limiting examples of preferred vinyl monomers include, ethylene, propylene, butylene, styrene, vinyl alcohol, crotyl alcohol, acrylic acid, styrylacetic acid, methacrylic acid, crotonic acid, 3,3-dimethyl-acrylic acid, methyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, n-propyl acrylate, isopropyl acrylate, butyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate, ethyl methacrylate, n-propyl methacrylate, isopropyl methacrylate, butyl methacrylate, methyl 3,3-dimethyl-acrylate, ethyl 3,3-dimethyl- acrylate, n-propyl 3,3-dimethyl-acrylate, isopropyl 3,3-dimethyl-acrylate, butyl 3,3-dimethyl-acrylate, acrylamide, N-methyl acrylamide, N,N-dimethyl acrylamide
  • compositions of the present invention may also comprise one or more polysaccharide or polysaccharide derivatives as a suitable polymer or copolymer.
  • polysaccharides include cellulosic polymers such as carboxy methyl cellulose, carboxy ethyl cellulose, carboxy isopropyl cellulose, the salts thereof, hydroxyalkyl cellulose, xanthan, pectin, gum arabic, guar gum, carageenan, agar, locust bean, starch and the like.
  • Polysaccharides are preferred for use as ingredient I.
  • Polysaccharides are generally biodegradable.
  • Polyalkyleneoxy Polymers Other preferred polymers according to the present invention are the polyalkyleneoxy homopolymers and copolymers.
  • Non-limiting examples include polyethylene oxides, polyethylene glycols (PEG), methoxy polyethylene glycols (MPEG), and block co-polymers of polyethylene glycol and polypropylene glycol (EO/PO co-polymers, wherein said PO unit can be 1,2-propylene, 1,3-propylene, or mixtures thereof), for example PLURONICS ® available ex BASF.
  • PLURONICS ® available ex BASF.
  • EO/PO EO and PO/EO/PO co-polymers are also preferred.
  • the polyalkyleneoxy polymer has a molecular weight greater than or equal to 10,000 grams per mole.
  • polystyrene sulfonate examples include polystyrene sulfonate, and polyvinylpyrolidone.
  • the molecular weight of the polymer depends on various factors including the type of polymer, however, generally, the polymer has a molecular weight of about 1,000 to about 1,000,000.
  • Surfactants Ingredient II is a surfactant that is not harmful to plants.
  • the surfactants of this invention can be biodegradable or non-biodegradable.
  • the surfactant is preferably non-biodegradable.
  • the surfactant is preferably biodegradable.
  • the composition can be reapplied to the soil periodically to maintain the benefits of the composition. It is not widely recognized the types or levels of surfactant in soil that have phytotoxic or inhibitory effects. The level of surfactant needs to be maintained at certain levels to avoid injury to existing or germinating plants.
  • compositions are designed to deliver about 0.001% to about 1% surfactant, preferably about 0.01% to about 0.5%, more preferably about 0.05% to about 0.2% to the soil.
  • Ingredient II may be a nonionic surfactant, an amphoteric surfactant, or a combination of two or more surfactants. In limited amounts, anionic or cationic surfactants may also be used, although it is recognized these show stronger potential inhibitory effects on plant growth. The exact amount of ingredient II depends on various factors including the specific surfactant selected. However, the amount of ingredient II is typically about 0 to about 5% of the composition, preferably about 0.01% to about 5%. The composition is appropriately diluted or dosed to deliver the preferred amounts to the soil.
  • Suitable nonionic surfactants include copolymers of polyethylene oxide and polyalkylene oxides, having molecular weights less than 10,000 grams per mole.
  • Preferred polyalkyleneoxy surfactants include block co-polymers of polyethylene glycol and polypropylene glycol (EO/PO co-polymers, wherein said PO unit can be 1,2-propylene, 1,3-propylene, or mixtures thereof), EO/PO/EO, and PO/EO/PO surfactants. PO/EO/PO surfactants are preferred. Block copolymers of polyethylene glycol and polybutylene glycol can also be employed.
  • the polyalkyleneoxy surfactants are generally non-biodegradable.
  • Suitable surfactants include PLURONIC ® surfactants, which are known in the art and commercially available from BASF Corporation.
  • a preferred PLURONIC ® surfactant is 25R2, which has a total molecular weight of 3,100, 20% of which represents EO units.
  • Nonionic surfactants may also include alkylated polyalkylene oxides, such as C6-C18 alkyl polyethoxylates. Many closely related materials, including combinations of alkyl polyethyleneoxide polypropyleneoxide surfactants, and alkyl capped alkyl polyalkylene oxides derivatives.
  • surfactants may be biodegradable or non-biodegradable, depending on a few factors, such as degree of branching in the alkyl group, and use of poly(C3 or higher) alkyleneoxide substituents.
  • Suitable surfactants include Neodol surfactants, which are known in the art and commercially available form Shell Corporation.
  • nonionic surfactants include alkyl polyhydroxy derivatives, including but not limited by alkyl polyglucosides, polyhydroxy fatty acid amides, acyl saccharides, and ethoxylated sorbitol esters.
  • Suitable amphoteric surfactants include compounds in the class of betaines.
  • Preferred betaines include MIRANOL ® surfactants, which are known in the art and commercially available from Rhodia.
  • a preferred MIRANOL ® surfactant is MIRANOL ® Ultra 32 (disodium lauroampho diacetate sodium glycolate).
  • Ingredient A comprises a combination of ingredients I and II.
  • compositions of this invention may comprise one or more carriers. Suitable carriers include solvents, preferably water.
  • Adjunct Ingredients The compositions of this invention may comprise one or more adjunct ingredients non- limiting example of which are plant nutrients including fertilizers and heavy metals, insecticides, herbicides, stabilizers, wetting agents, and the like. Fertilizers
  • compositions of the present invention comprise from about 0.01%, preferably from about 0.05%, more preferably from about 1%, most preferably from about 3% to about 7%, preferably to about 6%, more preferably to about 5%, most preferably to about 4% by weight, of a fertilizer on a dry weight basis. If the dry composition is added to water to generate the viscous polymer solution, the amount comprising the composition will be lower in concentration.
  • a preferred embodiment of the present invention comprises a fertilizer comprising: i) from about 10% to about 100% by weight, a source of available nitrogen; ii) optionally from about 1% to about 25% by weight, a source of available phosphorous; iii) optionally from about 1% to about 25% by weight, a source of available potassium; iv) optionally from about 0.01% to about 5% by weight, a source of heavy metals; and v) the balance inert ingredients, carriers, and solubility aids.
  • Non-liming examples of sources of available nitrogen include, urea, ammonium nitrate, potassium nitrate, and mixtures thereof.
  • Non-limiting examples of available phosphorous includes ammonium phosphate, hydrated phosphorous pentoxide, and mixtures thereof.
  • Available sources of potassium include any suitable water soluble potassium salt.
  • Non-limiting examples of sources of heavy metals include chelated iron (chelated with EDTA), manganese, and zinc.
  • the formulator may add to the polymers of the present invention one or more commercially available fertilizers, inter alia, Scotts Master Collection ® (15N, 13P, 13K), Schultz Plant Food (20N, 30P, 20K).
  • compositions of the present invention may comprise from about 0.01%, preferably from about 0.05%, more preferably from about 0.1%, most preferably from about 0.5% to about 1%, preferably to about 0.75% by weight, of one or more insecticides.
  • Non-limiting examples of suitable insecticides include 1-naphthalenol (Sevin ® ), phosphorothioic acid, 0,0-diethyl 0-[6- methyl-s-(l-methylethyl)-4-pyrirnidinyl] ester (Diazinon ® ), phosphorothioic acid 0,0-diethyl O- (3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinyl) ester (Dursban ® ), and mixtures thereof.
  • compositions of the present invention may comprise from about 0.001%, preferably from about 0.005%, more preferably from about 0.01%, most preferably from about 0.05% to about 1%, preferably to about 0.5%, more preferably to about 0.25%, most preferably to about 0.1 % by weight, of the amount of polymer which is present in said composition.
  • the composition comprises 10% by weight of a polymer
  • said composition comprises at least 0.0001% by weight of a stabilizer when said stabilizer is present.
  • Non-limiting examples of stabilizers include tetrakis[methylene(3,5-di-tert-buty;l-4- hydroxyhyrocinnamate)] methane (Irganox 1010 ® ), 2,6-bis(l,l-dimethylethyl)-4-methylphenol (BHT), and mixtures thereof.
  • compositions described above may be prepared by any convenient means such as combining all ingredients and mixing at room temperature or at elevated temperature (e.g., up to about 33 °C.
  • This invention further relates to methods of using the compositions described above, to provide wettability to dry soil or to provide controlled release of moisture to plants in soil treated with a composition described above, or both.
  • the composition may be used to pre-treat the soil or post-treat the soil.
  • Pre-treat generally means that the composition is applied to the soil, e.g., by a manufacturer, before the soil reaches an end user.
  • Post-treat means that the composition is applied to the soil after the soil is used, e.g., by an end user who applies the composition after putting the soil in a pot with or without a plant or seed.
  • the method comprises applying a composition described above to soil, wetting the soil with water, and optionally planting seeds and/or plants in the soil.
  • the composition may be periodically reapplied, for example, when the surfactant and/or polymer degrades over time.
  • the composition is preferably periodically reapplied when ingredient A is biodegradable.
  • the composition is reapplied with a frequency (e.g., once per month) sufficient to maintain the benefits described above.
  • the composition described above is a liquid applied by, e.g., spraying, sprinkling, pouring, or placing a flexible, water dissovable package on the surface of the soil.
  • the soil may be dried to remove some or all of any carrier such as water that may be present.
  • a composition described above is applied by injection beneath the surface of the soil.
  • ingredient A is selected from the group consisting of ingredient I and ingredient III.
  • ingredient I may be diluted in water and applied to the soil, e.g., by application to the surface of the soil or mixing with the soil.
  • the soil may then optionally be dried.
  • Ingredient II may then be applied to the soil, e.g., by application to the surface of the soil or by mixing with the soil.
  • the soil may then optionally be dried again.
  • this method may be employed except that the order of addition of ingredients I and II is reversed.
  • a first composition comprising ingredient II and ingredient B may be applied to the soil.
  • the soil is then optionally dried. This embodiment offers the advantage that the soil may be shipped dry, as described above.
  • a second composition comprising ingredient I and ingredient B may be applied to the soil before or after drying and/or shipping.
  • kits When the composition will be used to post-treat soil, a kit may be marketed.
  • the kit preferably contains soil, a composition described above, and information, instructions, or both, that describe to a user how to use the composition with the soil.
  • the soil treated with a first composition comprising a surfactant may be packaged with (or separately from) a second composition comprising ingredient II and ingredient B.
  • the kit preferably contains information, instructions, or both, that describe to a user how to use the second composition with the soil and/or how to reapply the second composition periodically.
  • compositions are prepared by combining the ingredients in Tables I-V, below. TABLE I weight %
  • Carboxy methyl cellulose having an average molecular weight of about 250,000 daltons.
  • Polyethylene glycol having an average molecular weight of about 200,000 daltons.
  • Polymethyl methacrylate/polyacrylic acid copolymer having an average molecular weight of about 200,000 daltons.
  • Carboxy methyl cellulose having an average molecular weight of about 90,000 daltons.
  • Treatments are carried out on small (150 g) portions of soil in pots that are kept in a chamber maintained at 20% relative humidity and 22 °C. The weight is recorded with time.
  • a sample is prepared by injecting a measured amount (25g) of treatment (1-2 wt% polymer dissolved in water) beneath the soil.
  • the sample is tested according to Reference Example 1.
  • Polyethylene oxide having a molecular weight of 100,000 is used as the polymer.
  • the results are in Table VI.
  • a sample is prepared by injecting a measured amount (25g) of treatment (1-2 wt% polymer dissolved in water) beneath the soil.
  • the sample is tested according to Reference Example 1.
  • Poly(acrylamide/acrylic) acid copolymer having a molecular weight of 78,000 is used as the polymer.
  • the results are in Table VI.
  • a sample is prepared by injecting a measured amount (25g) of treatment (1-2 wt% polymer dissolved in water) beneath the soil.
  • the sample is tested according to Reference Example 1.
  • Carboxy methyl cellulose having a molecular weight of 250,000 is used as the polymer.
  • the results are in Table VI.
  • Example 21 Water is injected beneath the soil surface as in Example 21.
  • the sample is tested according to Reference Example 1.
  • Examples 21-23 and Comparative Examples 1-3 show that the polymer solutions retain water longer than traditional watering or distributing a chemically cross-linked gel placed beneath the soil.
  • the location of the water also plays a role, i.e., water alone injected beneath the soil surface performs better than water placed on the surface, but not as well as a polymer solution injected beneath the soil.
  • Example 23 Four bean seeds are placed in a pot with soil treated as in Example 23. This treatment allows for germination and substantial growth.
  • Comparative Example 5 Four bean seeds are placed in a pot with soil treated with hydrated Agrosoke pellets.
  • CMC carboxy methyl cellulose
  • Example 25 is repeated except that the commercial product, Agrosoke, is used according to package directions to treat the soil instead of the carboxy methyl cellulose solution.
  • Example 25 is repeated except no soil treatment is used.
  • Example 25 and Comparative Examples 6-7 show that the carboxy methyl cellulose injection results in a much healthier plant and Agrosoke provides little to no benefit over conventional watering in this test protocol.
  • a solution is prepared by dissolving carboxymethylcellulose in water. The solution is poured on top of 150g of soil (which contains about 45g water). Water retention (expressed by weight of the sample) is measured periodically over 6 days.
  • a solution is prepared and tested according to Reference Example 2.
  • the solution contains 1.3% carboxy methyl cellulose.
  • a solution is prepared and tested according to Reference Example 2.
  • the solution contains 3.3% carboxy methyl cellulose.
  • Example 28 A solution is prepared and tested according to Reference Example 2. The solution contains 5% carboxy methyl cellulose.
  • a solution is prepared and tested according to Reference Example 2.
  • the solution contains 0.1% carboxy methyl cellulose.
  • the 3.3% solution is about equivalent to the carboxy methyl cellulose injection discussed above.
  • pouring a solution on top would be easier for a consumer to perform and appreciate.
  • the injection would require a device to deliver the composition beneath the soil and would be a change in habit for a consumer.
  • Reference Example 3 Soil Rewetting 30grams dry potting soil from the Scotts Company of Marysville, Ohio is placed in a small (4") pot. The experiments are conducted at ambient conditions (25 °C and 40% relative humidity. The “initial absorption” is the amount of weight uptake exhibited by the pot until the first sight of leakage (run-through). The “ultimate capacity” represents the total amount of uptake displayed by the pot over a 2 minute period and represents total water capacity for the pot. In some cases, the soil is pretreated with a solution and then dried (referred to as "deposition"). For either initial or ultimate capacity, the larger the absorbed amount, the better the performance of the treatment.
  • Table VII shows that the best two performers are MIRANOL ® (an amphoteric surfactant) and PLURONIC ® 25R2 (a nonionic surfactant).
  • MIRANOL ® an amphoteric surfactant
  • PLURONIC ® 25R2 a nonionic surfactant.
  • the differing routes (i.e., deposition and solution) mentioned above are evaluated in re-wetting of dried potting mix (Scotts).
  • the surfactant treatment appears to be more efficient in re- wetting the soil, although the polymer (polystyrene sulfonate) system is by no means optimized. Without wishing to be bound by theory, it is expected that the polymer system will deliver a longer-lasting benefit from its reluctance to migrate, which should enhance substantivity to the soil.
  • Another interesting feature of the data is the ability of the surfactant solution to initially rewet to -90% of the 2 minute watering. All the other treatments exhibit less rapid wetting. In effect, the use of the surfactant solution allows the consumer to deliver the maximum amount of water to dried soil in the shortest amount of time.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Plant Pathology (AREA)
  • Soil Conditioners And Soil-Stabilizing Materials (AREA)
  • Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
  • Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
  • Fertilizers (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne des compositions qui permettent d'humidifier des sols humides et/ou des végétaux, et éventuellement d'apporter d'autres substances actives. Ces compositions peuvent être utilisées comme source unique d'eau pour des plantes cultivées ou comme source auxiliaire pendant les périodes peu humides. Ces compositions conviennent particulièrement bien à des plantes en pot et domestiques. Ces compositions comprennent une substance active sélectionnée dans le groupe constitué d'un polymère, d'un tensioactif et de combinaisons de ces éléments.
PCT/US2001/025979 2000-08-21 2001-08-20 Systemes permettant d'humidifier les vegetaux et les sols WO2002015687A2 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU2001285104A AU2001285104A1 (en) 2000-08-21 2001-08-20 Systems for delivering moisture to plants and soils

Applications Claiming Priority (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US22674100P 2000-08-21 2000-08-21
US60/226,741 2000-08-21
US28713901P 2001-04-27 2001-04-27
US60/287,139 2001-04-27
US09/891,476 US20020042346A1 (en) 2000-08-21 2001-06-26 Systems for delivering moisture to plants and soils
US09/891,476 2001-06-26

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Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1891854A1 (fr) 2006-08-21 2008-02-27 Shell Internationale Researchmaatschappij B.V. Procédé et composition pour irriguer des plantes
US7985742B2 (en) 2002-04-24 2011-07-26 Archer Daniels Midland Company Synergistic compositions of polysaccharides as natural and biodegradable absorbent materials or super absorbents
WO2013098425A1 (fr) * 2011-12-27 2013-07-04 Acciona Infraestructuras, S.A. Composition polymère pour la stabilisation de sols, la réduction de la poussière et de l'érosion de talus
US8784681B2 (en) 2008-03-31 2014-07-22 Rhodia Operations Self-situating stimuli-responsive polymer compositions in soil additives and methods for use
WO2015144596A1 (fr) 2014-03-24 2015-10-01 Lamberti Spa Agents hydratants
WO2019030183A1 (fr) 2017-08-08 2019-02-14 Lamberti Spa Procédé destiné à améliorer la rétention d'eau de sols
US20210037723A1 (en) * 2019-08-07 2021-02-11 Bayer Cropscience Lp Plant health with in situ formed water absorbing hydrogels

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US3458953A (en) * 1965-03-24 1969-08-05 Pearl B Scherr Method of treating soil
CH635126A5 (de) * 1979-07-31 1983-03-15 Isaflex Ag Verfahren zur verbesserung des wasserhaushaltes und zur auflockerung von wuestenboeden und von topfkulturboeden und mittel zu dessen ausfuehrung.
WO1993003112A1 (fr) * 1991-08-02 1993-02-18 Ronald Peter Hansen Solution pour l'irrigation des racines de plantes
JPH09121617A (ja) * 1995-10-30 1997-05-13 Yazaki Corp 発芽促進材及び植物種子の播種方法
JP3445447B2 (ja) * 1996-08-23 2003-09-08 信越化学工業株式会社 ドライスポットの発生防止及び治療方法

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7985742B2 (en) 2002-04-24 2011-07-26 Archer Daniels Midland Company Synergistic compositions of polysaccharides as natural and biodegradable absorbent materials or super absorbents
EP1891854A1 (fr) 2006-08-21 2008-02-27 Shell Internationale Researchmaatschappij B.V. Procédé et composition pour irriguer des plantes
US8784681B2 (en) 2008-03-31 2014-07-22 Rhodia Operations Self-situating stimuli-responsive polymer compositions in soil additives and methods for use
WO2013098425A1 (fr) * 2011-12-27 2013-07-04 Acciona Infraestructuras, S.A. Composition polymère pour la stabilisation de sols, la réduction de la poussière et de l'érosion de talus
WO2015144596A1 (fr) 2014-03-24 2015-10-01 Lamberti Spa Agents hydratants
US9464227B2 (en) 2014-03-24 2016-10-11 Lamberti Spa Moisturizing agents
CN106133046A (zh) * 2014-03-24 2016-11-16 蓝宝迪有限公司 保湿剂
WO2019030183A1 (fr) 2017-08-08 2019-02-14 Lamberti Spa Procédé destiné à améliorer la rétention d'eau de sols
US20210037723A1 (en) * 2019-08-07 2021-02-11 Bayer Cropscience Lp Plant health with in situ formed water absorbing hydrogels

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