WO2002012538A2 - Acides nucleiques et proteines d'e. coli pathogenes, et leurs utilisations - Google Patents
Acides nucleiques et proteines d'e. coli pathogenes, et leurs utilisations Download PDFInfo
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- WO2002012538A2 WO2002012538A2 PCT/FR2001/002536 FR0102536W WO0212538A2 WO 2002012538 A2 WO2002012538 A2 WO 2002012538A2 FR 0102536 W FR0102536 W FR 0102536W WO 0212538 A2 WO0212538 A2 WO 0212538A2
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- coli
- sεq
- nucleic acid
- pathogenic
- sequence
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12Q—MEASURING OR TESTING PROCESSES INVOLVING ENZYMES, NUCLEIC ACIDS OR MICROORGANISMS; COMPOSITIONS OR TEST PAPERS THEREFOR; PROCESSES OF PREPARING SUCH COMPOSITIONS; CONDITION-RESPONSIVE CONTROL IN MICROBIOLOGICAL OR ENZYMOLOGICAL PROCESSES
- C12Q1/00—Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions
- C12Q1/68—Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions involving nucleic acids
- C12Q1/6876—Nucleic acid products used in the analysis of nucleic acids, e.g. primers or probes
- C12Q1/6888—Nucleic acid products used in the analysis of nucleic acids, e.g. primers or probes for detection or identification of organisms
- C12Q1/689—Nucleic acid products used in the analysis of nucleic acids, e.g. primers or probes for detection or identification of organisms for bacteria
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K39/00—Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
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- C12Q2600/00—Oligonucleotides characterized by their use
- C12Q2600/156—Polymorphic or mutational markers
Definitions
- the present invention relates to new markers of pathogenicity to 'Escherichia coli, which can be used in particular for the detection of pathogenic Escherichia coli of serotype 0157 producing shiga-toxins.
- Escherichia coli is a ubiquitous bacterium, frequently isolated in medical or food microbiology laboratories, and present in the normal state in the intestinal flora of man. Some strains are pathogenic, however, and associated with many intestinal and non-intestinal infections. Identification of the different strains of E. coli is conventionally based on the serological typing of their antigens O (somatic antigen) and H (flagellar antigen) by immunological methods.
- E. serotypes most common coli pathogens have been classified into 5 main groups, according to their mechanism of infection of the digestive tract: - ⁇ P ⁇ C, for: "enteropathogenic E. coli", which groups the classic enteropathogenic genes,
- ⁇ T ⁇ C for: "enterotoxigenic E. coli", which includes E. coli producing a stable or heat-sensitive toxin,
- ⁇ I ⁇ C for: "enteroinvasive E. coli", which groups together E. coli which mimic the capacity of Shigella to invade and multiply in the cells of the intestinal epithelium, and
- VT ⁇ C for: "verotoxin producing E. coli", or ST ⁇ C "shiga-toxin producing E. coli”, which groups together E. coli producing cytotoxins, called “Shiga- like toxins”, because of their analogy with the toxin secreted by Shigella dysenteriae type 1 or also verotoxins (VT), due to their toxic activity on Vero cells.
- ST ⁇ C colibacilli producing shiga-toxins
- HUS hemolytic uremic syndrome
- PTT thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura
- Hemolytic uremic syndrome occurs mainly in young children; it represents approximately 9% of STEC infections diagnosed in the United States. It is also the main cause of acute renal failure in children, and the fatality observed is around 3 to 5/1000. In France, recent studies have shown that the average annual incidence of HUS is 0.7 / 10,000 in children under the age of 15 and 1.8 / 10,000 in children under the age of 5 (DECLUDT et al , 2000, Epidemiol. Infect. 124: 215-220).
- STEC are also involved in animals, in more or less serious digestive infections. Symptoms observed include diarrhea and dysentery in calves or edema in pigs. In addition, healthy carriers of cattle could play a role in the transmission of STEC to humans, via water or contaminated foodstuffs of animal origin (meat, raw milk and milk-based products of raw milk), (BONNET et al., 1998, J.
- VT2 vha, VT2 vhb, SLTII-v (VT ⁇ ) and SLT Il-va (NT ⁇ -va) were identified as the main pathogenicity factors involved in these infections (CALD ⁇ RWOOD et al., 1987, Proc. ⁇ at. Acad. Sci. 84: 4364-4368).
- shiga-toxins are not responsible on their own for the pathogenicity of ST ⁇ C; other bacterial virulence factors could also play a role in the pathogenic power of these colibacilli:
- enterocytic erasure locus L ⁇ which codes for proteins involved in the adhesion of bacteria and the alteration of the cytoskeleton of intestinal cells, in particular the intimin coded by the eae gene (B ⁇ BAKH ⁇ et al., 1992, F ⁇ MS Microbiol Lett. 70: 63-68; Me DANIEL et al., 1995, Proc. Nat. Acad., Sci. 92: 1664-1668; Me DANIEL et al., 1997, Mol. Microbiol. 23: 399-407) ,
- fEHEC factor for adhesion has been described as a factor which contributes to the adhesion capacity of the bacterium (NICHOLLS et al., 2000, Mol. Microbiol., 35: 275-288), and
- This control involves the sensitive and specific detection of STEC responsible for these pathologies and in particular STEC serotype 0157.
- the virulence plasmid of 90 kb is present in ST ⁇ C pathogens of other serotypes (BONNET et al., cited above), and the LEE locus is present both in pathogenic STECs of different serotypes (PRADEL et al., cited above) and in EPECs, notably in O127: H6 (PERNA et al., 1998, Infect. Immun., 66: 3810-3817; PRADEL et al, cited above).
- Cytotoxicity tests on cell cultures constitute the reference method used in food hygiene to detect the presence of bacteria producing shiga-toxins or verotoxins.
- the principle of these tests is based on the cytopathogenicity of verotoxins on African green monkey kidney cells. Subsequently, confirmation of the antigenic types of verotoxin is required using anti-VT1 and anti-VT2 antibodies.
- This technique has the advantage of being very sensitive, however it is not specific to the colibacilli producing shiga-toxins of serotype 0157.
- a series of transfers in selective media is necessary in order to promote the development of verotoxic bacteria. prior to the determination of toxins on a cell culture; it takes 5 to 6 days before obtaining the first results, and costs are high. This test is therefore not a routine method usable in the food industry.
- E. coli O157: H7 and O157: H " which do not ferment sorbitol in 24 hours, and which in addition do not produce ⁇ -glucuronidase.
- E. coli O157 : H7 and O157: H " appear as white colonies on sorbitol agars, while the colibacilli producing shiga-toxins of other serotypes (026, OU I and 0103) and the numerous non-pathogenic colibacilli, which are capable of fermenting sorbitol, appear as pigmented colonies. These methods are however insufficient because there are atypical mutants of E.
- the ⁇ LISA type immunological methods are based on the detection of O and H antigens or shiga toxins (VT1 and VT2) using specific antibodies.
- the immunological tests currently available are not satisfactory; in fact, other bacteria such as Citrobacter freundii, Salmonella O from group N and Hafnia senior have cross-reactivity with respect to the anti-0157 sera used (B ⁇ TT ⁇ LH ⁇ IM et al, 1993, J. Clin. Microbiol, 31: 760 -761; BORCZYK et al, 1987, Int. J. Food Microbiol, 4: 347-349; CHART et al, 1992, Epidemiol. Infect, 108: 77-85; SHIMADA et al, 1992, Curr. Microbiol, 25: 215-217).
- STEC 0157 cannot be identified using a single PCR reaction targeting one of these genes. Indeed, the somatic antigens 0157 and flagellar H7, which can be carried by strains of E. non-pathogenic coli alone are not markers of pathogenicity.
- verotoxin genes are by definition carried by all STEC strains; the virulence factors described on the 90 kb plasmid (enterohemolysin, catalase peroxidase, serine protease) are present in STECs of different serotypes (BONNET et al, cited above) and a homolog of the LEE locus is present in both STECs of different serotypes (PRADEL et al, cited above) and in EPECs (PERNA et al, cited above). Consequently, the demonstration of only one of these virulence genes is not sufficient to identify a STEC of serotype 0157.
- the inventors have identified strains of E. pathogenic coli, in particular in all pathogenic colibacilli of serotype 0157 producing shiga- toxins, the presence of a nucleic acid insert representing a new locus, absent from the non-pathogenic strains.
- This locus is inserted between positions 93848 and 93849 of the genome sequence of E. coli Kl 2 (GenBank U82664); this insertion site is precisely located between the stop codons of two open reading phases (Genbank AAB40241 and Genbank AAB40242) in opposite orientation, which in the genomic sequence of E. strains non-pathogenic coli such as strain K12 are directly adjacent.
- the inventors also noted the presence of a similar locus, inserted at the same position, in pathogenic E. coli strains, belonging to serotypes other than 0157. On the other hand, they observed no insertion at this position in all of the non-pathogenic strains that have been tested. The presence of an insert at this position therefore constitutes a new genetic marker of virulence useful for the detection of strains of E. pathogenic coli.
- nucleic acid sequences originating from such an insert also constitute markers useful for the detection of strains of E. pathogenic coli, and in particular for the specific detection of strains of pathogenic bacteria carrying said insert; for example, nucleic acid sequences originating from the insert present in a strain of serotype 0157 producing shiga-toxins allow a specific detection of all the E. coli of serotype 0157 producing shiga-toxins.
- the present invention relates to a nucleic acid molecule derived from a pathogenic strain of E. coli, characterized in that it is selected from the group consisting of: a) a nucleic acid molecule representing a locus inserted into the genome of said pathogenic strain, at the location of said genome corresponding to that located in E. coli Kl 2, between positions 93848 and 93849 of the GenBank sequence U82664; b) a nucleic acid molecule comprising the molecule a) defined above, and between 1 and 2500 bp of the sequence upstream of the insertion site of said molecule, and / or between 1 and 2500 bp downstream of the site insertion of said molecule. c) a nucleic acid molecule constituting a fragment of at least 15 bp, preferably at least 25 to 30 bp, of the molecule a) above; d) a nucleic acid molecule constituting a fragment of at least
- said fragment comprising at least a portion of the molecule a) and at least a portion of the sequence upstream from the insertion site of said molecule a), or at least a portion of the sequence downstream of the insertion site of said molecule a).
- Nucleic acid molecules in accordance with the invention can in particular be derived from the genome of a pathogenic bacterium of the species Escherichia coli, chosen from E. coli ST ⁇ C of serotype 0157, 077, 079, or 0145, the Escherichia coli ST ⁇ C or ⁇ P ⁇ C of serotype 055, and Escherichia coli ⁇ P ⁇ C of serotype 0127.
- a pathogenic bacterium of the species Escherichia coli chosen from E. coli ST ⁇ C of serotype 0157, 077, 079, or 0145, the Escherichia coli ST ⁇ C or ⁇ P ⁇ C of serotype 055, and Escherichia coli ⁇ P ⁇ C of serotype 0127.
- nucleic acid molecules according to the invention derived from the genome of E.
- coli O157: H7 are represented in the sequence list in the annex under respectively the numbers S ⁇ Q ID NO: 1, S ⁇ Q ID NO: 2, S ⁇ Q ID NO: 11 to 17, S ⁇ Q ID NO: 19, S ⁇ Q ID NO: 21 and S ⁇ Q ID NO: 23.
- the present invention also relates to nucleic acid molecules capable of specifically hybridizing, under stringent conditions, with any of the molecules a) to d) above.
- the oligonucleotides P388M, P388G, P388D, P388F and P388C are in particular usable as molecular hybridization probes, useful for the detection, of a nucleic acid molecule a) in accordance with the invention derived from the genome of a bacterium E coli ST ⁇ C of serotype 0157.
- the present invention encompasses in particular the pairs of primers which can be used for the amplification of a nucleic acid molecule a) b) c) or d) according to the invention.
- the present invention further relates to the recombinant vectors, and in particular the recombinant plasmids containing a nucleic acid molecule according to the invention.
- Nucleic acid molecules in accordance with the invention can for example be obtained by polymerase chain reaction, from the DNA of a pathogenic E. coli strain comprising the locus defined above. Especially :
- a nucleic acid molecule a) in accordance with the invention can be obtained by using a pair of amplification primers, one of which hybridizes comprising a primer which hybridizes at each of the ends of the molecule a),
- a nucleic acid molecule b) according to the invention can be obtained by using a pair of amplification primers comprising a primer hybridizing upstream of the insertion site of molecule a) and a primer hybridizing downstream of the insertion site of molecule a); suitable primers can be chosen by a person skilled in the art, respectively from the 2500 bp sequence upstream from position 93848 of the GenBank U82664 sequence, and from the 2500 bp sequence downstream from position 93849.
- Amplification conditions will of course be used to amplify large fragments, and in particular comprising a step of extending primers of sufficient duration.
- the pair of primers P388L / P388P can be used, which hybridizes on either side of the site of insertion of a molecule a) according to the invention.
- This pair amplifies a fragment of 682 bp when the amplification is carried out from the genome of the non-pathogenic E. coli type strain Kl 2, whereas it amplifies a larger size with pathogenic E. coli; it amplifies in particular a fragment of 3316 bp (S ⁇ Q ID NO: 11) with all the E. coli producing shiga-toxins of serotype 0157.
- a nucleic acid molecule c) according to the invention can be obtained by using a pair of primers which hybridize with internal sequences of the molecule a)
- a nucleic acid molecule d) according to the invention can be obtained using a pair of primers comprising a primer hybridizing with an internal sequence of the molecule a) and a primer hybridizing with a sequence located upstream of the insertion site of molecule a) or a primer hybridizing with a sequence located downstream of the insertion site of molecule a).
- P388P / P388L (S ⁇ Q ID NO: 9 / S ⁇ Q ID NO: 3), P388L / P388M (S ⁇ Q ID NO: 3 / S ⁇ Q ID
- the present invention also relates to the use of a nucleic acid molecule in accordance with the invention for screening for E. pathogenic coli, and in particular for the specific screening for E. strains. coli serotype 0157 producing shiga toxins.
- the present invention relates to a method for screening for E. pathogenic coli, characterized in that it comprises the detection of the presence in the genome of the E. coli bacteria present in the test sample, of a locus inserted at the location of said genome corresponding to that located in E. coli K12, between positions 93848 and 93849 of the GenBank sequence U82664.
- the detection method comprises at least one step of chain amplification by polymerase using a pair of primers comprising a primer hybridizing with the genome region of E. coli defined by the 2500 bp sequence upstream of position 93848 of the GenBank sequence U82664, and a primer hybridizing with the genome region of E. coli defined by the 2500 bp sequence downstream of position 93849 of the GenBank sequence U82664.
- the determination of the size of the amplification product, and its comparison with that obtained using the same pair of primers, from the genome of a non-pathogenic strain, for example the strain type E. coli K12 makes it possible to detect insertion of a locus according to the invention.
- the size of the amplification product for the same pair of primers can also make it possible to distinguish different groups of E. pathogenic coli.
- the amplification is carried out under conditions which do not make it possible to amplify large fragments.
- the absence of amplification product makes it possible, in this case, to detect the insertion of a locus in accordance with the invention.
- this mode of implementation does not make it possible to distinguish different groups of E. pathogenic coli.
- the detection method comprises at least one step of chain amplification by polymerase using a pair of primers which hybridize with internal sequences of a molecule a) as defined above.
- the detection method comprises at least one step of chain amplification by polymerase using a pair of primers comprising a hybridizing primer with an internal sequence of a molecule a) as defined above, and a primer hybridizing with the region of the genome of E. coli defined by the 2500 bp sequence upstream of position 93848 of the GenBank sequence U82664, or a primer hybridizing with the region of the genome of E. coli defined by the 2500 bp sequence downstream of position 93849 of the GenBank sequence U82664.
- the inventors studied the sensitivity and the specificity of the pairs of primers P388C / P388D, P388F / P388D and P388F / P388G for the detection of ST ⁇ C-0157.
- the three pairs of primers have equivalent sensitivity and detect the 55 ST ⁇ C-O157 tested as well as the E. coli of serotype 055, which is explained by the clonal origin of these two serotypes (F ⁇ NG et al, 1998, J. Infect. Dis, 177: 1750-1753; WHITTAM et al, 1993, Infect. Immun, 61: 1619-1629).
- no signal is obtained with the bacteria Citrobacter and Hafnia alvei which exhibit cross-immunological reactions with the 0157 antigen.
- the pair P388F / P388D is preferably used for the specific detection of all E. coli producing shigotoxins of serotype 0157.
- this pair of primers has a particularly high specificity and does not give any positive reaction with STECs from other serotypes (30 serotypes tested) as well as with non-STEC E. coli of serotype 0157 or other serotypes ( 55 tested) and bacteria from other species.
- the oligonucleotides in accordance with the invention can also be used as primers in a PCR-ELISA type technique.
- the present invention also relates to a nucleic acid molecule obtained by polymerase chain reaction of a non-pathogenic E. coli with using the pair of primers P388P / P388L.
- This molecule can be used as a control, in the context of a detection method according to the invention.
- said molecule is obtained from E. coli Kl 2 and is constituted by a fragment of 682 bp (S ⁇ Q ID NO: 10).
- the present invention also relates to any protein encoded by an open reading frame present on a nucleic acid molecule according to the invention, and in particular on a molecule derived from a strain of E. coli serotype 0157 producing shiga toxins.
- FIG. 1 illustrates the genetic organization of the E. locus. coli O157: H7, called SIL 0157 , inserted into the genome of E. coli between positions 93849 and 93848, (with reference to the genome type of non-pathogenic E. coli Kl 2, Genbank U82664).
- the regions indicated in white represent the homologous regions between the sequence of E.
- non-pathogenic coli Kl 2 (Genbank U82664) and the sequence of ST ⁇ C O157. ⁇ 7.
- the regions indicated in black represent the SIL 0157 locus.
- the large black arrows including accession numbers represent the open reading phases described in non-pathogenic E. coli.
- the large white arrows represent the potential open reading phases included in locus SIL 0157 .
- the small arrows indicate the positions of the different primers used for the PCR amplifications.
- the inventors analyzed this locus SIL 015 7, and thus highlighted highlighted open reading frames and, in particular 4 open reading frames encoding proteins hereinafter named IHP1, IHP2, IHP3 and IHP4, of respectively 338 , 140, 120 and 159 amino acids.
- the amino acid sequences of the proteins IHP1, IHP2, IHP3 and IHP4 are presented in the list in the appendix, respectively under the numbers S ⁇ Q ID NO: 18, 20, 22 and 24, the corresponding nucleotide sequences are presented in the list in the appendix, respectively under the numbers S ⁇ Q ID NO: 17, 19, 21 and 23.
- the proteins according to the invention represent new antigens potentially usable for the detection of pathogenic E. coli.
- the protein IHP1 which has homologies with proteins of the outer membrane and adhesins of other bacteria (Salmonella flagellin and adhesin from Neisseria, Yersinia, Haemophilus and Staphylococcus) constitutes a surface antigen which can potentially be used for the detection of E. coli producing shiga-toxins of serotype 0157.
- the present invention also relates to any peptide representing a fragment of at least 5 amino acids, and preferably at least 7 to 15 amino acids of a protein according to the invention.
- the present invention further relates to: - expression cassettes comprising the nucleotide sequences coding for the proteins or peptides in accordance with the invention, placed under the transcriptional control of an appropriate promoter, in particular a promoter allowing the expression of said proteins or said peptides in transformed host cells.
- the expression cassettes contain the sequences coding for one of the proteins IHP1 to IHP4, as defined above (SEQ ID NO: 17, 19, 21 and 23).
- vectors comprising an insert consisting of the nucleotide sequences coding for the proteins or peptides in accordance with the invention.
- these vectors are expression vectors comprising at least one expression cassette as defined above.
- Many vectors into which a nucleic acid molecule of interest can be inserted in order to introduce and maintain it in a eukaryotic or prokaryotic host cell are known in themselves; the choice of an appropriate vector depends on the intended use for this vector (for example replication of the sequence of interest, expression of this sequence, maintenance of the sequence in extrachromosomal form or else integration into the chromosomal material of the host ), as well as the nature of the host cell.
- the subject of the invention is furthermore prokaryotic or eukaryotic cells transformed with a plasmid or a recombinant vector in accordance with the invention.
- the recombinant vectors and the transformed cells according to the invention are useful in particular for the production of proteins and peptides according to the invention.
- the present invention also relates to antibodies, polyclonal or monoclonal, directed against a protein or a peptide in accordance with the invention.
- antibodies can be obtained by conventional methods, known in themselves, comprising in particular the immunization of an animal with a protein or a peptide in accordance with the invention, in order to make it produce antibodies directed against said protein or said peptide. Where appropriate, these antibodies may undergo additional steps of purification and / or elimination of any cross-reactions with other antigens, in particular by immuno-adsorption techniques.
- the techniques for the production and purification of recombinant proteins, the methods of immunization and the production of antibodies and the immunological techniques based on the detection of antigen-antibody complexes (ELISA, RIA, Western-Blot) are known in themselves. ; by way of example, there may be mentioned those described in Current Protocols in Molecular Biology (Frederick M. AUSUBEL, 2000, W ⁇ ley and son Inc, Library of Congress, USA) and in Current protocols in Immunology (John E. Coligan, 2000, W ⁇ ley and son Inc, Library of Congress, USA) .
- the present invention also relates to the use of at least one protein, a peptide, or an antibody in accordance with the invention for obtaining a medicament, intended for the prevention or treatment of an infection induced by a pathogenic E. coli bacterium, in particular an E. coli bacterium of serotype 0157 producing shigatoxins.
- the subject of the present invention is also the use of at least one protein, a peptide, or an antibody in accordance with the invention for the immunological detection of pathogenic E. coli, in particular for the screening of producing E. coli of serotype 0157. of shiga toxins.
- nucleic acid molecules, proteins and peptides, as well as the antibodies in accordance with the invention can also constitute reagents which can be used for the detection of strains of E. pathogenic coli, including all strains of E. coli producing shiga toxins of serotype 0157.
- the reagents according to the invention can be used for the search for E. strains. pathogenic coli, including all strains of E. coli of serotype 0157 producing shiga toxins in food products, in particular water, fresh food products such as meats, raw milk and derived products (cheeses, dairy products).
- E. coli infections in particular E. coli infections producing shigotoxins of serotype 0157 in humans and animals, from a biological sample, for example in faeces.
- the invention further relates to an E. coli detection kit.
- pathogenic coli including all strains of E. coli producing shiga toxins of serotype 0157, characterized in that it includes at least one reagent according to the invention.
- EXAMPLE 1 IDENTIFICATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF A LOCUS INSERTED IN THE CHROMOSOME OF E. COLI 0157: H7 BY ANALYSIS OF DNA POLYMORPHISM BY RAPD (RANDOMLY AMPLIFIED POL YMORPHIC DNA). 1. Identification of a specific DNA fragment from E. coli O157: H7 by RAPD
- E. coli 10 strains of ST ⁇ C [3 strains O157: H7 and 1 strain (0157: H “ , O26: Hl l, 091: H21, O103: H2, Ol ll: H + , O113: H4 and O128: H2) J and 2 strains of E. coli serotype 0157, not producing shiga-toxins (O157-non ST ⁇ C).
- TSB medium Teryptone Soy Broth
- the total bacterial DNA is extracted using the INSTAGENE matrix (BIO-RAD), following the manufacturer's instructions.
- coli strains are analyzed by RAPD, using the READY TO GO kit (PHARMACIA BIOT ⁇ CH). PCR is carried out in a final volume of 25 ⁇ l, in the presence of 10 ng of purified total bacterial DNA and of 25 pmol of the oligonucleotide primer PI (PHARMACIA-BIOT ⁇ CH).
- PCR amplification (GENE-AMP PCR SYSTEM 9600, P ⁇ RKJN ⁇ LM ⁇ R) is carried out under the following conditions: an initial denaturation step at 95 ° C for 5 min is followed by 45 cycles alternating a denaturation step at 95 ° C for 1 min, a step priming hybridization at 36 ° C for 1 min and an extension step at 72 ° C for 2 min.
- the amplification product is separated by electrophoresis in a 2% agarose gel containing ethidium bromide, in TB ⁇ buffer (Tris-Borate- ⁇ DTA). The amplified DNA fragments are visualized under an ultraviolet lamp.
- the profile of the RAPD analysis shows that a 387 bp fragment is amplified randomly, only in the colibacilli producing shiga-toxins of serotype 0157 (3 strains of serotype O157. ⁇ 7 and 1 strain of serotype O157. ⁇ " ).
- the 387 bp fragment is isolated from the agarose gel, purified using the QIAEXII extraction kit (QIAG ⁇ N) and cloned into the pMOS Blue vector (AM ⁇ RSHAM PHARMACIA BIOT ⁇ CH), using the cloning kit blunt ends of AMERSHAM LIFE SCIENCE, to give the plasmid pSP7.
- a probe corresponding to the 387 bp insert (P7 probe) is synthesized by PCR and labeled with digoxigenin using the PCR reagent DIGOXIGENIN LABELING MIX (ROCHE MOLECULAR). This probe is hybridized, by Dot-blot, with the DNA of the 12 strains of E. coli analyzed by RAPD.
- the hybridization is carried out on nylon membranes (ROCHE MOLECULAR), overnight at 65 ° C., in a conventional hybridization buffer (ROCHE MOLECULAR) containing 20 ng / ml of denatured probe labeled with digoxigenin, following the protocols classics described in MANIATIS et al. (Molecular Cloning: a laboratory manual, 1982, Cold Spring Harbor Laboartory, Cold Spring Harbor, New York). Then, the hybridization of the digoxigenin-labeled probe is detected by luminescence (DIG LUMINESCENT DETECTION KIT, ROCHE MOLECULAR) on BIOMAX films (KODAK). The results of the hybridization show that the labeled P7 probe recognizes only STECs of serotype 0157. This result suggests that the 387 bp fragment obtained by RAPD could come from a specific locus of the colibacillus strains producing shiga-toxins from serotype 0157.
- the chromosomal DNA of the strain ⁇ DL 933 (ATCC 43895) from E. coli O157: H7, purified using the QIAGEN GENOMIC TIP SYSTEM kit (QIAG ⁇ N) is fully digested with Hind III (ROCHE MOLECULAR), following the manufacturer's instructions. Then 300 ng of this digested DNA is ligated with 10 ng of the plasmid pUC 18, digested with Hind III and dephosphorylated (PHARMACIA-BIOTECH), in the presence of 5 IU of the T4 DNA ligase (ROCHE MOLECULAR), in a volume 20 ⁇ l reaction at 16 ° C overnight. Competent E.
- coli MOS Blue bacteria are transformed by the ligation product and spread on LB-agar dishes containing 100 ⁇ g / ml of ampicillin, 25 ⁇ g / ml of isopropyl ⁇ -D-thiogalacto-pyranoside and 25 ⁇ g / ml of X-gal (5-bromo-4-chloro-3-indolyl-D-galactoside) and incubated overnight at 37 ° C., according to the conventional protocols described in MANIATIS et al, cited above.
- the plasmids pSP7 and pSP26 were sequenced by standard techniques and the sequence obtained was compared with the sequences available in the databases using the BLAST program.
- sequences of the plasmids pSP7 and pSP26 shows that the sequence of the insert of 387 bp of the plasmid pSP7 comprises the 3 ′ end of the sequence of the insert of 4.4 kb of the plasmid pSP26, added with 127 nucleotides additional, located at its 3 'end ( Figure 1).
- Example 1 non-pathogenic coli type K12 (Genbank U82664).
- the results obtained in Example 1 also indicate that this locus is also present in other ST ⁇ Cs of serotype 0157 but that it is absent from colibacillus strains producing shiga-toxins from other serotypes as well as strains of E . coli of serotype 0157 which do not produce shigotoxins.
- the sequence of the locus inserted into the chromosome of E. coli O157: H7 was supplemented with the amplification product obtained with the primers sense P388D (position 4205 to 4230 of the 4.4kb fragment of pSP26, table I) and antisense P388P (positions 93436 to 93460 of E. coli non-pathogenic type K12, table I).
- the PCR reaction is carried out in a final volume of 100 ⁇ l containing, 3 ⁇ l of total DNA purified as described in example 1, 10 ⁇ l of PCR buffer 10 times concentrated (100 mM Tris HC1 pH 8.5, 250 mM KC1, 50 mM (NH4) 2 SO 4 , 20 mM MgSO 4 ), 200 ⁇ M of each deoxynucleotide, 600 nM of each primer and 2.5 IU of DNA polymerase PWO (ROCHE MOLECULAR).
- the PCR amplification is carried out under the following conditions: an initial denaturation step at 94 ° C for 2 min is followed by 30 cycles alternating a denaturation step at 94 ° C for 40 s, a priming hybridization step at 69 ° C, for 40 s and an extension step at 72 ° C, for 50 s and a final elongation step is carried out at 72 ° C for 10 min.
- FIG. 1 The relative arrangement of the different sequenced fragments is illustrated in FIG. 1.
- the sequence of the 1299 bp amplification product shows that the 413 bp of its 3 'end have 92% identity with the sequence of E. non-pathogenic coli (positions 93848 to 93436, with reference to the genome sequence of non-pathogenic E. coli type K12, Genbank U82664).
- the sequence of SILoisi has no homology with a known sequence and has a G + C content of 44 , 4%, which is significantly lower than that of the entire E. genome coli (50.8%, BLATTN ⁇ R et al, 1997, Science, 277: 1453-1474). This locus is inserted between positions 93848 and 93849, with reference to the sequence of the genome of E. non-pathogenic coli type K12, Genbank U82664).
- this locus is precisely inserted between the stop codons of 2 open reading phases (Genbank AAB40241, homologous to the open phase, reading HI0293 to 'Haemophilus influenzae and Genbank AAB40242) which are in opposite orientation.
- the stop codons of these 2 open reading phases are directly attached.
- the SIL 0157 locus includes 4 potential open reading phases of more than 100 amino acids, respectively called IHP1 (Inserted Hypothetical Protein 1), IHP2 (Inserted Hypothetical Protein 2), IHP3 (Inserted Hypothetical Protein, 3) and IHP4 (Inserted Hypothetical Protein 4), corresponding respectively to proteins of 338 (S ⁇ Q ID NO: 18), 140 (S ⁇ Q ID NO: 20), 120 (S ⁇ Q ID NO: 22) and 159 (S ⁇ Q ID NO: 24) amino acids.
- IHP1 Inserted Hypothetical Protein 1
- IHP2 Inserted Hypothetical Protein 2
- IHP3 Inserted Hypothetical Protein
- IHP4 Inserted Hypothetical Protein 4
- IHP3 has homologies with a phosphate-dependent human renal sodium transporter (Genbank AAA36354), as well as with Bacillus thuringiensis transposase (Genbank Q99335).
- IHP4 has no homology with known proteins.
- E. enterohemorrhagic coli O157: H7 contains a small locus (SIL 0157 ) inserted into its chromosome.
- the insertion of this locus is specific for E. strains. coli producing shiga toxins of serotype 0157 (ST ⁇ C-O157) and includes 4 potential open reading phases, one of which (IHP1) probably codes for an adhesin-like surface membrane protein which could play a role in the pathogenicity of ST ⁇ C serotypes 0157.
- E. coli 211 strains of E. coli: 56 strains of ST ⁇ C of serotype 0157, 93 strains of ST ⁇ C of other serotypes, 55 strains of E. non-shiga-toxin-producing coli and 7 strains of bacteria of other species, originating from reference laboratories or isolated from food or biological samples, are cultured in TSB (Tryptone Soy Broth) medium, at 37 ° C, overnight. Total bacterial DNA is extracted using the INSTAGENE matrix (BIO-RAD), following the manufacturer's instructions.
- TSB Teryptone Soy Broth
- the PCR is carried out using the GENEAMP PCR SYSTEM 9600 (P ⁇ RKIN ⁇ LM ⁇ R) and primers obtained by conventional techniques of oligonucleotide synthesis.
- the sequence of the different primers used is presented in Table I below, in which the positions in SIL 0157 relate to the sequence of the
- the following pairs of primers P388C / P388D, P 388F / P388D and P388F / P388G are used in a reaction volume of 50 ⁇ l containing 200 ⁇ M of each of the deoxynucleotides (dNTP), 600 nM of each of the primers, 5 ⁇ l of buffer 10X GENE AMP (PERKTN ELMER), 2.5 IU to 'TAQ GOLD AMP (PERKIN ELMER) and 3 ⁇ l (approximately 10 ng) of purified bacterial DNA.
- the PCR amplification is carried out in the following conditions: an initial denaturation step at 94 ° C for 10 min is followed by
- the amplification products are separated by electrophoresis in a 2% agarose gel containing ethidium bromide, in TBE buffer (Tris-Borate-EDTA) and visualized under an ultraviolet lamp.
- TBE buffer Tris-Borate-EDTA
- MOLECULAR are used as a size marker.
- primer P388F whose position is internal to the 300 bp fragment amplified using the primers P388C / P388D
- primer P388G located 5 'of this sequence (Table I and Figure 1). These primers were selected so that the primers P388F, P388G and P388D which are used in pairs (P388F / P388D and P388F / P388G) have close melting temperatures.
- EPEC b 2 strains out of 3 are EPEC b: 3 strains are EPEC c: 1 strain out of 2 is a strain of E. colo enteroaggregative d: This strain is the reference strain of EPEC e: this strain is an EPEC
- the strains of colibacilli producing shiga-toxins of other serotypes (30 different serotypes tested on a total of 93 strains) are not amplified with the pairs of primers P388F / P388D and P388F / P388G.
- the serotypes 0145, 077 and 079 which are amplified with the primers P388C / P388D are not amplified with these two pairs of primers.
- P388F / P388G 7 strains of 3 other bacterial genera including those which give cross-reactions with 0157 by immunological techniques (Citrobacter and Hafnia alvei) are not amplified with the pairs of primers P388F / P388D and P388F / P388G, the strains of E. coli of serotype 055 (ST ⁇ C and non-ST ⁇ C) are also amplified with the pairs of primers P388F / P388D and P388F / P388G, which is explained by the clonal origin of serotypes 055 and 0157 which has been clearly demonstrated
- E. strains. coli not producing shiga-toxins of other serotypes are not amplified by the pairs of primers P388F / P388D and P388F / P388G, at l exception of O127: H6 which is amplified with the P388F / P388G couple but not with the couple
- EXAMPLE 3 ANALYSIS OF THE CONSERVATION OF THE LOCUS SIL 0157 INSERTION SITE IN E. COLI AND EVIDENCE OF A HOMOLOGATED LOCUS IN THE COLIBACILLA GROUP
- the reactions are prepared according to the protocol described in Example 1 and the PCR amplification is carried out under the following conditions: an initial denaturation step at 94 ° C for 10 min is followed by 35 cycles alternating with a denaturation step at 94 ° C for 40 s, a priming hybridization step at 65 ° C, for 40 s and an extension step at 72 ° C, for 50 s and a final elongation step is carried out at 72 ° C for 10 min .
- the sequences of the primers used and the size of the fragments expected with ST ⁇ C-O157 or with the strain E. coli Kl 2 are presented in Tables VI and VII respectively below. In table VI the positions in SIL 0157 relate to the fragment of 5478 bp (SEQ ID NO: 1) and the positions in E. coli Kl 2 relate to the Genbank sequence U82664.
- the EPEC strain E2348 / 69 (0127: H6) was amplified using the pair of primers P388P / P388L, under the following conditions which make it possible to amplify large products: an initial denaturation step at 94 ° C for 10 min is followed by 35 cycles alternating a denaturation step at 94 ° C for 25 s, a priming hybridization step at 62 ° C, for 25 s and an extension step at 72 ° C, for 2 min 15 s and a final elongation step is carried out at 72 ° C for 7 min.
- the strain of E. coli O157. ⁇ 7 (strain ⁇ DL 933) is used as a positive amplification control.
- the products obtained were hybridized with a probe called FD probe, corresponding to the amplification product of the strain O157: H7 using the primers P388F and P388D, under the conditions described in Example 1.
- the results obtained are the following: - an amplification product of 682 bp which does not hybridize with the FD probe is observed with the strains which do not have a locus inserted between minutes 9 and 11 of the genome of E. non-pathogenic coli,
- locus SIL 0157 or a homologous locus inserted between positions 93848 and
- K12, Genbank U826664 therefore constitutes a new means of specifically detecting strains of E. pathogenic coli and in particular all ST ⁇ C-O157.
- EXAMPLE 4 PRODUCTION AND PURIFICATION OF IHP1 PROTEIN
- the outer membrane protein IHP1 was produced in the form of a recombinant protein tagged with a C-terminal 6X-Histidine epitope, and purified according to the steps described below.
- the gene coding for the IHP1 protein was amplified with the following primers:
- the PCR reaction is carried out in a volume of 100 ⁇ l containing 3 ⁇ l of DNA from ST ⁇ C O157: H7 ( ⁇ DL 933), 10 ⁇ l of 10X buffer (100 mM Tris-HCl, pH 8.85 (20 ° C), 250 mM KC1 , 50 mM (NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 , 20 mM MgSO 4 ), 200 ⁇ M of each dNTP, 600 nM of PQP1 and PQP3, and 2.5 U of DNA polymerase PWO.
- 10X buffer 100 mM Tris-HCl, pH 8.85 (20 ° C
- 250 mM KC1 250 mM KC1
- 50 mM (NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 20 mM MgSO 4
- 200 ⁇ M of each dNTP 600 nM of PQP1 and PQP3, and 2.5 U of DNA polymerase PWO.
- the PCR amplification is carried out under the following conditions: an initial denaturation step at 94 ° C for 2 min is followed by 30 cycles alternating a denaturation step at 94 ° C for 40 s, a step of hybridization of the primers at 57 ° C for 40 s and an extension step at 72 ° C, for 50 s. A final extension step is carried out at
- the amplification product obtained and the expression vector PQ ⁇ 70 (QIAG ⁇ N) were digested with the restriction enzymes EcoRl and Bgil and ligated, so as to obtain the plasmid pSP46 containing the open reading phase of IHP1 under the control of the promoter. strong and inducible from PQ ⁇ 70.
- 6Xhis is strongly induced by IPTG during the culture of the strain of E. coli M15 [pR ⁇ P4] carrying the plasmid pSP46.
- the purification of IHPl-6Xhis was carried out with NI-NTA agarose under denaturing conditions following the recommended protocol by QIAGEN, with the difference that 18 mM imidazole and 0.1% Triton were added to the buffers used, to improve the quality of the purification of IHP1-6XHis.
- the purified protein IHPl-6XHis can be detected by western-blot using anti-PentaHis antibodies
- the IHP1-6XHis protein can be used to immunize animals, and produce antibodies specific for the IHP1 protein, for the immunological detection of STECs of serotype 0157.
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EP1445332A1 (fr) * | 2003-02-06 | 2004-08-11 | Agence Française de Securité Sanitaire des Aliments | Séquences spécifiques d'E. Coli 0145, et leurs utilisations |
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