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WO2002011929A1 - Procede de production de pieces precises par frittage laser - Google Patents

Procede de production de pieces precises par frittage laser Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2002011929A1
WO2002011929A1 PCT/DE2001/002887 DE0102887W WO0211929A1 WO 2002011929 A1 WO2002011929 A1 WO 2002011929A1 DE 0102887 W DE0102887 W DE 0102887W WO 0211929 A1 WO0211929 A1 WO 0211929A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
powder
mass
elements
particles
microns
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/DE2001/002887
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Abdolreza Simchi
Frank Petzoldt
Haiko Pohl
Holger LÖFFLER
Original Assignee
Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. filed Critical Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V.
Priority to EP01957742A priority Critical patent/EP1307312A1/fr
Priority to AU2001279573A priority patent/AU2001279573A1/en
Publication of WO2002011929A1 publication Critical patent/WO2002011929A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
    • C22C33/02—Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
    • C22C33/0207—Using a mixture of prealloyed powders or a master alloy
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
    • B22F10/20—Direct sintering or melting
    • B22F10/28—Powder bed fusion, e.g. selective laser melting [SLM] or electron beam melting [EBM]
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
    • B22F10/30—Process control
    • B22F10/38—Process control to achieve specific product aspects, e.g. surface smoothness, density, porosity or hollow structures
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
    • B22F10/30—Process control
    • B22F10/36—Process control of energy beam parameters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
    • B22F10/30—Process control
    • B22F10/36—Process control of energy beam parameters
    • B22F10/366—Scanning parameters, e.g. hatch distance or scanning strategy
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
    • B22F12/40—Radiation means
    • B22F12/41—Radiation means characterised by the type, e.g. laser or electron beam
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F2998/00—Supplementary information concerning processes or compositions relating to powder metallurgy
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/25—Process efficiency

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for producing precise components according to the preamble of the main claim.
  • a component is then produced using the laser sintering method by sintering metal powder mixtures with three components.
  • the most important aim of the invention is to increase the melting temperature of the finished component.
  • the invention has for its object to produce metallic components in the laser sintering process inexpensively with very good mechanical properties and in high quality.
  • the powder mixture with which components are to be produced in the laser sintering process consists of the main component iron and further powder components, which can be in elementary, pre-alloyed or partially pre-alloyed form. From these powder alloy elements there is a powder alloy in the course of the laser sintering process.
  • the following additional powder elements are added individually or in any combination to the main component iron of the powder mixture: carbon C, silicon Si, copper Cu, tin Sn, nickel Ni, molybdenum Mo, manganese Mn, chromium Cr, cobalt Co, Tungsten W, Vanadium V, Titanium Ti, Phosphorus P, Boron B.
  • These powder components can be added individually or in any combination, depending on the requirements for the properties of the prefabricated component or the manufacturing process, in the following quantities: carbon C: 0.01-2% by mass, silicon Si: up to 1% by mass , Copper Cu: up to 10% by mass, tin Sn: up to 2% by mass, nickel Ni: up to 10% by mass, molybdenum Mo: up to 6% by mass, manganese Mn: up to 2% by mass or 10-13% by mass, chromium Cr: up to 5% by mass or 12-18% by mass, cobalt Co: up to 2% by mass, tungsten W up to 5% .-%, vanadium V: up to 1% by mass, titanium Ti: up to 0.5% by mass, phosphorus P: up to 1% by mass, boron B: up to 1% by mass.
  • the invention provides that the individual powder components are in elementary, alloyed or partially alloyed form. These can be powder particles that are alloyed with the main component iron. In this case they are e.g. Ferrobor, ferrochrome, ferrophosphorus or iron silicide. Further powder elements in alloyed or pre-alloyed form can also be added, e.g. Copper phosphide, which, however, are not listed individually here. It is also envisaged that the data from the above Powder mixture formed powder components is pre-alloyed in a separate process step.
  • the powder mixture consists of water or gas atomized powders, carbonyl powders, ground powders or a combination of these.
  • the powder particles of the powder mixture have a size of ⁇ 50 ⁇ m, preferably between 20-30 ⁇ m.
  • the powder particle size can be between 50 and max. 100 ⁇ m. This particle size is particularly advantageous when the components are to be manufactured quickly, ie when the powder layers are laser sintered. ne layer thickness of max. 100 ⁇ m, at which layer thickness the process can be rotated relatively quickly.
  • the main constituent of the powder mixture the iron powder
  • the iron powder has a proportion between 5 and 20% of particles of the 'size ⁇ 10 ⁇ m and the remaining amount of the powder particles has a size between 50 and 60 ⁇ m.
  • the density of the components after laser sintering can be adjusted so that either short construction times with lower component density or high property requirements (high densities with longer construction times) are taken into account.
  • the technical fields of application of the invention consist in the production of metallic prototypes (rapid prototyping), of individual parts (direct parts) or tools (e.g. mold inserts for plastic injection molding or metal die casting - rapid tooling) with the generative method direct metal laser sintering. Due to the very good mechanical properties, such parts can be used in mold and tool construction as well as in machine, plant and vehicle construction.
  • the role of the additives consists in the setting of certain mechanical, physical and chemical properties of the finished component. Furthermore, the role of the additives in increasing the absorption capacity of the iron powder by laser beams, reducing the melting point of the powder system, using low-melting elements / alloys, reduction in surface tension and viscosity as well as deoxidation to improve sintering activity to achieve high densities.
  • carbon as a fine elemental graphite increases the absorption capacity of iron / steel powder and reduces the melting point of the powder mixture through eutectic reaction and deoxidation.
  • Copper or bronze powder with a powder size of less than 45 ⁇ m acts as a low-melting element or a low-melting compound and improves the sintering activity.
  • Phosphorus and boron reduce the surface tension and the viscosity of the melt, which arises during the laser sintering process, in order to achieve a good surface quality by avoiding the formation of spheres.
  • the role of the other powder alloy elements can lie both in the setting of the desired mechanical properties and in the reaction with other elements for increased melt formation (Fe-C-Mo).
  • the powder elements carbon, molybdenum, chromium, manganese, nickel bring about the high mechanical properties of the finished component.
  • Phosphorus, boron, copper and tin have a high sintering activity.
  • the density can be varied between 70 and 95% of the theoretical density.
  • a powder mixture consisting of iron, 0.8 mass% C, 0.3 mass% B is made with the laser sintering parameters 215 W CO 2 laser, 100 mm / s laser scanning speed, 0.3 mm laser track width with a layer height of 100 ⁇ m laser sintered to a density of 80 - 85% of the theoretical density.
  • the component hardness after laser sintering is approx. 200 HV30.
  • a powder mixture consisting of iron, 0.7 - 1 M. -% C, 2 - 4 M .-% Cu, 1.5 M .-% Mo, 0.15 M .-% B is with the laser sintering parameters 215 W C0 2 lasers, 100 mm / s laser scanning speed, 0.3 mm laser track width at a layer height of 50 ⁇ m to a density of 92 +/- 1% of the theoretical density.
  • the component hardness after laser sintering is approx. 370 HV30.
  • a powder mixture consisting of iron, 1 - 1.2 M .-% C, 2 - 4 M .-% Cu, 0.4 M .-% P is with the laser sintering parameters 215 W CO 2 laser, 100 mm / s laser scanning speed , 0.3 mm laser track width with a, compared to the first example, reduced layer height of 50 ⁇ m to a density of 90 +/- 1% of the theoretical density.
  • An iron powder mixture with 0.8 mass% carbon results in roughness values of R z 150 ⁇ m and R a 29 ⁇ m after laser sintering. If the carbon content is increased to 1.6% by mass, the roughness values improve to R z 60 ⁇ m and R a 19 ⁇ m. Powder mixtures with very good mechanical properties after laser sintering have roughness values of R z 75 ⁇ m and R a 11 ⁇ m.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Powder Metallurgy (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé de production de pièces précises par frittage laser d'un matériau pulvérulent composé d'un mélange d'au moins deux éléments pulvérulents. Ce procédé se caractérise en ce que le mélange pulvérulent comprend comme constituant principal du fer pulvérulent et d'autres éléments d'alliage pulvérulent sous leur forme élémentaire pré-alliée ou partiellement pré-alliée. Au cours du processus de frittage laser, un alliage pulvérulent résulte de ces éléments pulvérulents. Les éléments d'alliage pulvérulent suivants sont ajoutés séparément ou en combinaison d'une manière ou d'une autre avec le fer pulvérulent : carbone, silicium, cuivre, étain, nickel, molybdène, manganèse, chrome, cobalt, tungstène, vanadium, titane, phosphore, bore.
PCT/DE2001/002887 2000-08-07 2001-07-27 Procede de production de pieces precises par frittage laser WO2002011929A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP01957742A EP1307312A1 (fr) 2000-08-07 2001-07-27 Procede de production de pieces precises par frittage laser
AU2001279573A AU2001279573A1 (en) 2000-08-07 2001-07-27 Method for producing exact parts by means of laser sintering

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10039144.3 2000-08-07
DE10039144A DE10039144C1 (de) 2000-08-07 2000-08-07 Verfahren zur Herstellung präziser Bauteile mittels Lasersintern

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2002011929A1 true WO2002011929A1 (fr) 2002-02-14

Family

ID=7652040

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/DE2001/002887 WO2002011929A1 (fr) 2000-08-07 2001-07-27 Procede de production de pieces precises par frittage laser

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1307312A1 (fr)
AU (1) AU2001279573A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE10039144C1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2002011929A1 (fr)

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1309514C (zh) * 2003-02-25 2007-04-11 松下电工株式会社 用于选择性激光烧结的金属粉末组合物及其制备方法
US8007373B2 (en) * 2009-05-19 2011-08-30 Cobra Golf, Inc. Method of making golf clubs
US8313087B2 (en) 2004-03-21 2012-11-20 Eos Gmbh Electro Optical Systems Powder for rapid prototyping and associated production method
US8710144B2 (en) 2004-03-21 2014-04-29 Eos Gmbh Electro Optical Systems Powder for layerwise manufacturing of objects
US9330406B2 (en) 2009-05-19 2016-05-03 Cobra Golf Incorporated Method and system for sales of golf equipment
US9833788B2 (en) 2004-03-21 2017-12-05 Eos Gmbh Electro Optical Systems Powder for layerwise manufacturing of objects
US20220025492A1 (en) * 2019-03-14 2022-01-27 Hoeganaes Corporation Metallurgical Compositions for Press-and-Sinter and Additive Manufacturing
US11534824B2 (en) 2018-03-15 2022-12-27 Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. Composition
US12000006B2 (en) 2016-11-01 2024-06-04 Maclean-Fogg Company 3D printable hard ferrous metallic alloys for powder bed fusion
EP4196299A4 (fr) * 2020-08-12 2024-09-25 Montana Technological University Compositions d'alliage de métal sec et procédés associés

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DE10239369B4 (de) * 2002-08-28 2005-11-10 Schott Ag Verwendung eines pulverförmigen Werkstoffs zum selektiven Versintern
DE10340052B4 (de) * 2003-08-28 2006-02-09 Dieter Ronsdorf Verfahren zur Herstellung von flexiblen Funktionsspannelementen
EP1992709B1 (fr) * 2007-05-14 2021-09-15 EOS GmbH Electro Optical Systems Poudre métallique utilisée dans un procédé additif pour la production d'objets tri-dimensionnels et procédé utilisant cette poudre métallique
DE102007058976A1 (de) * 2007-12-07 2009-06-10 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Formkörpers durch schichtweises Aufbauen aus pulverförmigem, metallischem Werkstoff
DE102007059865A1 (de) * 2007-12-12 2009-06-18 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Formkörpers durch schichtweises Aufbauen aus pulverförmigem, metallischen Werkstoff
CN101392354B (zh) * 2008-10-24 2010-09-08 宁波禾顺新材料有限公司 一种高合金冷作模具钢
DE102010029078A1 (de) * 2010-05-18 2011-11-24 Matthias Fockele Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Gegenstandes durch schichtweises Aufbauen aus pulverförmigem Werkstoff
GB201017692D0 (en) * 2010-10-20 2010-12-01 Materials Solutions Heat treatments of ALM formed metal mixes to form super alloys
US8986604B2 (en) 2010-10-20 2015-03-24 Materials Solutions Heat treatments of ALM formed metal mixes to form super alloys
DE102010060487A1 (de) * 2010-11-11 2012-05-16 Taiwan Powder Technologies Co., Ltd. Legierungs- Stahl- Pulver und dessen Sinter- Körper
DE102011000202A1 (de) * 2011-01-18 2012-07-19 Taiwan Powder Technologies Co., Ltd. Stahlpulverzusammensetzung und Sinterkörper daraus
GB201316430D0 (en) * 2013-09-16 2013-10-30 Univ Nottingham Additive manufacturing
DE102013110417A1 (de) * 2013-09-20 2015-03-26 Thyssenkrupp Steel Europe Ag Metallpulver für pulverbasierte Fertigungsprozesse und Verfahren zur Herstellung eines metallischen Bauteils aus Metallpulver
WO2015112730A1 (fr) 2014-01-24 2015-07-30 United Technologies Corporation Formation d'alliage de matériaux métalliques pendant la fabrication additive d'une ou de plusieurs pièces
DE102014214562A1 (de) * 2014-07-24 2016-01-28 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Verfahren zur Verarbeitung und Verwendung von Abfall metallabhebender oder spanender Prozesse
JP2016160454A (ja) 2015-02-27 2016-09-05 日本シリコロイ工業株式会社 レーザー焼結積層方法、熱処理方法、金属粉末、及び、造形品
DE102015013357A1 (de) * 2015-10-15 2017-04-20 Vdm Metals International Gmbh Korrosionsbeständiges Pulver
DE102016202154A1 (de) * 2016-02-12 2017-08-17 Robert Bosch Gmbh Sinterwerkstoff und Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung
WO2018085332A1 (fr) 2016-11-01 2018-05-11 The Nanosteel Company, Inc. Alliages métalliques ferreux durs, imprimables en 3d, destinés à une fusion de lit de poudre
DE102016221840A1 (de) 2016-11-08 2018-05-09 Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG Außenring für einen Turbolader
DE102017113703A1 (de) * 2017-06-21 2018-12-27 Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Lagerringes und Wälzlager mit Lagerring
DE102019105223A1 (de) 2019-03-01 2020-09-03 Kolibri Metals Gmbh Metallische Materialzusammensetzung für additiv im 3D-Laserschmelzen (SLM) hergestellte Teile
DE102019111236A1 (de) * 2019-04-30 2020-11-05 Voestalpine Böhler Edelstahl Gmbh & Co Kg Stahlmaterial und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung
EP3791978A1 (fr) 2019-09-13 2021-03-17 Rolls-Royce Corporation Composants ferreux fabriqués de manière additive

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WO1992010343A1 (fr) * 1990-12-07 1992-06-25 Board Of Regents, The University Of Texas System Fabrication de pieces par formation composite de poudres precurseurs
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WO1992010343A1 (fr) * 1990-12-07 1992-06-25 Board Of Regents, The University Of Texas System Fabrication de pieces par formation composite de poudres precurseurs
US5314003A (en) * 1991-12-24 1994-05-24 Microelectronics And Computer Technology Corporation Three-dimensional metal fabrication using a laser
DE4305201C1 (de) * 1993-02-19 1994-04-07 Eos Electro Optical Syst Verfahren zum Herstellen eines dreidimensionalen Objekts
WO1995021275A1 (fr) * 1994-02-08 1995-08-10 Stackpole Limited Alliage fritte haute densite
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Cited By (17)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1309514C (zh) * 2003-02-25 2007-04-11 松下电工株式会社 用于选择性激光烧结的金属粉末组合物及其制备方法
US7258720B2 (en) 2003-02-25 2007-08-21 Matsushita Electric Works, Ltd. Metal powder composition for use in selective laser sintering
US8313087B2 (en) 2004-03-21 2012-11-20 Eos Gmbh Electro Optical Systems Powder for rapid prototyping and associated production method
US8710144B2 (en) 2004-03-21 2014-04-29 Eos Gmbh Electro Optical Systems Powder for layerwise manufacturing of objects
US9833788B2 (en) 2004-03-21 2017-12-05 Eos Gmbh Electro Optical Systems Powder for layerwise manufacturing of objects
US8007373B2 (en) * 2009-05-19 2011-08-30 Cobra Golf, Inc. Method of making golf clubs
US8323122B2 (en) 2009-05-19 2012-12-04 Cobra Golf Incorporated Method of making golf clubs
US9330406B2 (en) 2009-05-19 2016-05-03 Cobra Golf Incorporated Method and system for sales of golf equipment
US12243085B1 (en) 2009-05-19 2025-03-04 Cobra Golf Incorporated Method and system for sales of golf equipment
US12000006B2 (en) 2016-11-01 2024-06-04 Maclean-Fogg Company 3D printable hard ferrous metallic alloys for powder bed fusion
US11684978B2 (en) 2018-03-15 2023-06-27 Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. Build material composition
US11998977B2 (en) 2018-03-15 2024-06-04 Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. Build material composition with metal powder and freeze-dried heteropolymer
US11534824B2 (en) 2018-03-15 2022-12-27 Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. Composition
US12042860B2 (en) 2018-03-15 2024-07-23 Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. Build material composition
US12042859B2 (en) 2018-03-15 2024-07-23 Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. Build material composition
US20220025492A1 (en) * 2019-03-14 2022-01-27 Hoeganaes Corporation Metallurgical Compositions for Press-and-Sinter and Additive Manufacturing
EP4196299A4 (fr) * 2020-08-12 2024-09-25 Montana Technological University Compositions d'alliage de métal sec et procédés associés

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU2001279573A1 (en) 2002-02-18
EP1307312A1 (fr) 2003-05-07
DE10039144C1 (de) 2001-11-22

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