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WO2002052065A2 - Piece recouverte d'un revetement de zinc et d'un vernis electrophoretique applique par immersion et procede de fabrication - Google Patents

Piece recouverte d'un revetement de zinc et d'un vernis electrophoretique applique par immersion et procede de fabrication Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2002052065A2
WO2002052065A2 PCT/EP2001/014975 EP0114975W WO02052065A2 WO 2002052065 A2 WO2002052065 A2 WO 2002052065A2 EP 0114975 W EP0114975 W EP 0114975W WO 02052065 A2 WO02052065 A2 WO 02052065A2
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
layer
zinc
piece
coating
phosphating
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2001/014975
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
WO2002052065A3 (fr
Inventor
Roland Schulze-Kadelbach
Thomas Kruse
Martin Grün
Original Assignee
Ewald Dörken Ag
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ewald Dörken Ag filed Critical Ewald Dörken Ag
Priority to AU2002238445A priority Critical patent/AU2002238445A1/en
Publication of WO2002052065A2 publication Critical patent/WO2002052065A2/fr
Publication of WO2002052065A3 publication Critical patent/WO2002052065A3/fr

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D13/00—Electrophoretic coating characterised by the process
    • C25D13/12—Electrophoretic coating characterised by the process characterised by the article coated

Definitions

  • Piece of material refined with a zinc coating and with applied electro-dip lacquer, and process for its production
  • the invention relates to a piece of material that has a multi-layer covering with a lowermost layer, which contains zinc for cathodic corrosion protection or is formed by a phosphating layer for temporary corrosion protection, for corrosion protection purposes, and to processes for its production.
  • a zinc-containing layer is applied directly to the material piece as cathodic corrosion protection, for example a non-electrolytically applied zinc flake coating with an organic cover layer optionally containing lubricant or chromated zinc / zinc alloy coatings to which a metallic coating is first produced from an electrolyte solution by cathodic metal deposition, after which treatment with solutions which contain, among other things, suitable chromium compounds is carried out in order to produce conversion coatings.
  • ZnNi, ZnFe, ZnCo and ZnFeCo alloys are possible zinc alloys.
  • Zinc flake coatings with an organic top layer on ferrous materials in particular have the following disadvantages:
  • the thickness of the covering as a whole is subject to large fluctuations along the surface of the coated piece of material. These can be, for example, between 1 and 30 ⁇ m.
  • the organic cover layer has a low level of tightness, so that the corrosion protection caused by it is limited.
  • so-called edge alignment phenomena can occur with edges of material pieces, which lead to reduced corrosion protection in the area of
  • pieces of material are used for fastening purposes, for example in the interior of a motor vehicle.
  • cathodic corrosion protection is not absolutely necessary, but such material pieces can have temporary corrosion protection, which is provided by a phosphating layer which is applied to the material pieces.
  • Zinc phosphate and iron phosphate layers are commonly used.
  • the phosphate layers are often sealed in a zircon-containing rinsing solution, for example. Then an organic top coat is applied. Even such pieces of material often show defects in the covering under mechanical stress, so that there is no local protection against corrosion.
  • the object of the invention is to create a piece of material of the type mentioned at the beginning in which the application of an external electrophoretic dip coating (ATL, KTL) is made possible, and to specify a method for its production.
  • ATL external electrophoretic dip coating
  • the cover for cathodic corrosion protection based on the piece of material, is constructed from the inside to the outside as follows: a) the zinc-containing layer,
  • an adhesion promoter layer which consists of a burnable, crosslinking material and has such a thickness and porosity that it does not electrically insulate the layer containing zinc, and
  • a pretreatment layer can be located between the zinc-containing layer and the piece of material in the initial state, which is formed by a zinc or iron phosphating layer, which offers temporary corrosion protection.
  • a zinc phosphating layer also contains zinc compounds.
  • such a layer is not identified as the zinc-containing layer in connection with coverings for cathodic corrosion protection in the sense of the invention.
  • the zinc-containing layer does not include layers for temporary corrosion protection of pieces of material.
  • An essential feature of the invention is that an organic adhesion promoter layer is applied to the zinc-containing layer, which, due to its nature, allows the piece of material coated with a zinc-containing layer to act as an electrode in an electrophoretic dip coating and thus in contrast to the prior art technology an electrophoretic dip coating tion enables.
  • an organic adhesion promoter layer is applied to the zinc-containing layer, which, due to its nature, allows the piece of material coated with a zinc-containing layer to act as an electrode in an electrophoretic dip coating and thus in contrast to the prior art technology an electrophoretic dip coating tion enables.
  • its porosity is of particular importance, which ensures that flowing ions can be attracted or repelled by the piece of material in an electrophoretic dip coating in the dip bath. Due to the presence of the adhesion promoter layer, the prerequisites for a subsequent electrocoat (KTL / ATL) are created, so that there are further advantages due to their properties.
  • edge alignment phenomena known in the prior art are also avoided. This means especially for edges comprising pieces of material that the total layer thickness at one edge substantially corresponds to that in a surface of the piece of material. Furthermore, solvent emissions from the cover are reduced compared to the prior art. Depending on the electrophoretic dip coating used, either weather resistance or chemical resistance of the covering of the material piece can be achieved.
  • the adhesive layer exerts addition to its function as a tie layer between, for example, the outer, electrophoretically applied and containing the zinc layer "the function of a barrier layer with respect to the zinc-containing layer of, in particular, it provided that in the zinc-containing layer is a zinc coatings is.
  • the Adhesion promoter layer has the effect that the lining of zinc and aluminum flakes is significantly reduced, so that a predetermined composition for a bath for electrophoretic dip painting by introducing the zinc flake coating
  • Pieces of material remains unchanged. This mainly relates to the conductivity, pH and sievability of the immersion bath liquid. Negative influences on the ultrafiltration, dialysis and filter systems, such as those used in ATL / KTL baths, are significantly reduced.
  • the zinc-containing layer preferably contains at least 60% by weight of zinc and can be formed by a zinc flake coating, an electroplated zinc layer or a zinc alloy layer.
  • the zinc-containing layer which in the present context is also called a basecoat, can, if it is in the form of a zinc flake coating, consist of at least 70% by weight.
  • Zinc and aluminum thereof approx. 5% by weight aluminum, approx. 5% by weight of an internal organic dry lubricant, the rest of inorganic binders, for example based on titanium / silicon mixed oxides.
  • Other compositions of the zinc-containing layer are possible, in particular the zinc and zinc alloy coatings mentioned at the outset, which are electrodeposited on a piece of material, and also Cr 6+ -containing zinc flake coatings and their Cr 6+ -free developments.
  • the optionally provided passivation intermediate layer is preferably applied in an immersion bath which contains an acidic, aqueous solution containing z .
  • the intermediate layer is mainly used for galvanically deposited layers containing zinc, such as zinc or zinc alloy coatings.
  • the intermediate layer is generally referred to as passivation. It can also be chrome-free.
  • the adhesion promoter layer is preferably a pigmented mixture of an epoxy resin binder and a suitable crosslinking resin for curing the epoxy resin binder in the temperature range from 100 ° to 300 ° C.
  • electrically conductive pigments can be used, which, however, can have the disadvantage that, in the event of severe damage, the base metal of the material piece is more susceptible to corrosion.
  • the advantages and disadvantages of using conductive pigments must be weighed up.
  • pigments and fillers cause porosity in the adhesion promoter layer, which, as already explained above, is important for the fact that an electrophoretic dip coating (KTL / ATL) can be applied subsequently.
  • epoxy resin binders for coating used epoxy resins possible, which can be cured at a higher temperature than room temperature with suitable crosslinking resins such as urea, melamine or phenolic resins.
  • the epoxy resin adhesive layers produced by baking in the presence of a crosslinker are characterized by high flexibility, adhesion, chemical resistance and corrosion protection. Baked-in, crosslinking polyesters can also be used as an alternative, but they have a lower chemical resistance.
  • Adhesion promoter layers can also consist of epoxy phenolic resin, epoxy resin esters and epoxidized alkyd resins.
  • the adhesion promoter layer can contain organic and / or inorganic pigments and fillers. If a black coloring of the adhesion promoter layer is desired, soot particles (soot) are used as pigments, for example.
  • the molecular weight of the adhesion promoter layer is preferably greater than 700.
  • a low-boiling, soluble epoxy resin, type 10 can be used to crosslink with urea resin in a solvent which can contain glycol ether / ester, alcohols, aromatic hydrocarbons.
  • the different layers of covering for cathodic corrosion protection of a piece of material are preferably in the following thickness ranges: Zinc-containing layer: 1 to 20 ⁇ m, preferably 4 to 12 ⁇ m. If the upper limit of the thickness range is exceeded, there is a slight adhesion of the zinc-containing layer to the material piece and a reduced cohesion in the relevant layer in the case of non-electrolytically applied zinc layers, so that breaks in cohesion are possible. Furthermore, there may be difficulties with high layer thicknesses for the zinc-containing layer on pieces of material in which, as with screws in the thread area, close tolerances have to be observed.
  • the cathodic corrosion protection which is the purpose of the zinc-containing layer, is reduced, since the cathodic protective effect / barrier effect of the zinc / aluminum flakes present in the case of a zinc flake coating is reduced.
  • the cathodic corrosion protection becomes low.
  • Intermediate layer 10 nm to 1 ⁇ m. Above 1 ⁇ m for the thickness of the intermediate layer, there is a low adhesive bond to the underlying zinc-containing layer and high brittleness of the intermediate layer. In contrast, it is disadvantageous in the lower region for the thickness of the intermediate layer that the passivation effect is reduced more and more.
  • Adhesion promoter layer 1 to 4 ⁇ m.
  • Layer thicknesses greater than 4 ⁇ m for the adhesive layer reduce the possibility of subsequently applying a dip coating by electrophoretic means.
  • the opacity of the layer is low in the lower region of the thick interval. same for for the protective effect against feeding zinc / aluminum flakes or particles or chromate particles. Excessive layer thicknesses reduce the separability of the KTL / ATL material.
  • Electrophoretically applied layer 6 to 14 ⁇ m. If the layer thickness is too high, the tendency to stick increases and the wet grip / mechanical strength is low. The tightness of the layer decreases more and more in the lower area.
  • the cited upper limits for the thickness ranges of the individual layers should also not be exceeded for the reason that high total layer thicknesses result, which can be disadvantageous especially in the case of material pieces in which narrow tolerances have to be observed.
  • an adhesion promoter layer which consists of a burnable, crosslinking material and has such a thickness and porosity that it does not electrically insulate the phosphating layer
  • an adhesion promoter layer which consists of a baked-in, crosslinking material and has such a thickness and porosity that it does not electrically insulate the zinc-containing layer, onto the zinc-containing layer or the passivation layer and
  • the phosphating layer can be produced by zinc phosphating or iron phosphating. It corresponds to embodiments of the passivation layer, which is arranged in the case of material pieces with cathodic corrosion protection between the zinc-containing layer and the adhesion promoter layer.
  • the preferred thickness of a zinc phosphate layer is up to 5 ⁇ m, that of an iron phosphate layer is less than 3 ⁇ m.
  • All parts made of iron materials or steel come into question as materials, for which a high level of corrosion protection is required in addition to an optically appealing, for example deep black surface over several years.
  • functional parts from the automotive industry that are in the field of vision and all the connecting elements required for assembly.
  • functional parts are castings, formed parts such as machined or non-cutting stamped and bent parts, shear and cutting parts, milled parts, forgings, deep-drawn parts, pressed parts and welded structures.
  • Such functional parts are used, for example, in front flap locks and door lock housings.
  • connecting elements are screws with metric threads, self-tapping screws with or without internal attacks (great advantage for internal attacks, since accumulation of coating material is largely avoided due to an even layer thickness distribution), clamps, springs, clips, rivets, dowels, hose clamps, bolts, etc
  • fastening screws are meant, while springs are used for front flap locks or door lock housings.
  • the sub-steps of coating the pieces of material with a zinc flake coating and baking the zinc flake coating are carried out in step a).
  • the sub-steps of coating and baking can also be repeated so that two baked zinc flakes len covers are made one above the other.
  • Chrome-free zinc flake coatings are baked at 180 ° to 220 ° C, while temperatures of more than 280 ° C are required for baking with Cr s + -containing zinc flake coatings or their Cr 6+ - or chrome-free further developments.
  • Step c) preferably comprises the sub-steps of coating the baked zinc flake coating with the bonding agent and baking the bonding agent.
  • the stoving temperatures are well known to the person skilled in the art and can be derived from the adhesion promoter material used in each case.
  • a pigmented mixture of an epoxy resin binder and a suitable crosslinking resin, dissolved in organic solvents or water in combination with organic co-solvents, can preferably be used as the adhesion promoter in step c).
  • the way in which the adhesion promoter layer is applied depends on the type of material to be coated, namely whether it is rack-made or bulk small parts capable of being bulked. Since the coating of such pieces of material has basically been known for a long time, a more detailed explanation of the methods listed in the introductory part is omitted here.
  • Step d) can preferably comprise the sub-steps of coating the adhesion promoter layer with an electrophoretic dip coating and baking the electrophoretic dip coating. If the color black is desired for the piece of material, the corresponding choice for the immersion bath of the electrophoretic dip coating must be made. Both ATL and KTL processes can be used.
  • an adhesion promoter layer which consists of a burnable, crosslinking material and has such a thickness and porosity that it does not electrically isolate the phosphating layer, onto the phosphating layer and
  • Preferred embodiments of this method result from the descriptions of the associated piece of material with temporary corrosion protection, which is described above, and from the explanations of the method for producing a piece of material with cathodic corrosion protection, the zinc-containing layer described there (zinc flake coating) through the phosphating layer is to be replaced.
  • the material pieces have been subjected to a customary pretreatment.
  • a customary pretreatment As a first step, this involves degreasing the pieces of material to be covered. This is followed by beam pretreatment.
  • beam pretreatment zinc phosphating, iron phosphating or a treatment corrosion inhibitors. After each baking, the mixture cools down to ambient temperature.
  • examples 1 to 9 relate to pieces of material with cathodic corrosion protection, while examples 10 and 11 relate to temporarily protected pieces of material.
  • Small mass parts namely MIO screws, which are provided with a zinc flake coating that contains approx. 70% by weight zinc, 5% by weight aluminum, 5% by weight lubricant and inorganic binders based on titanium in the dry layer / Contains silicon mixed oxides, are subjected to further coating steps.
  • the thickness of the silver-colored zinc flake coating varies over a piece of material in the range between 4 and 10 ⁇ m.
  • the non-electrolytically applicable zinc flake coating is baked.
  • the zinc flake coating is chrome-free, so that the baking is carried out in the temperature range from 180 ° to 220 ° C.
  • the process steps of coating with the zinc flake coating and baking are repeated.
  • the immersion-Schieuder process is used for the application of the zinc flake coating material.
  • the adhesive layer is applied to the
  • the solution for the adhesion promoter layer comprises a low-boiling soluble one Epoxy resin, type 10, a urea resin and as a solvent glycol ether / ester, alcohols and aromatic hydrocarbons.
  • the thickness of the adhesion promoter layer varies between 1 and 4 ⁇ m over a piece of material.
  • the adhesion promoter layer which contains carbon black particles and other pigments and inorganic fillers such as magnesium silicates and BaS0 4 and zinc phosphates, also has a porosity that ensures that the piece of material with the zinc flake coating can act as an electrode in a subsequent electrocoating , The pigments also ensure that the adhesion promoter layer turns black.
  • the applied adhesion promoter layer is baked, at an object temperature between 120 ° to 200 ° C for about 15 to 30 minutes.
  • An electro-dip coating is then applied, for example in a device as described in German Patent No. 199 07 863.
  • composition of the immersion bath is as follows:
  • PVK 18.5 (PVK: pigment volume concentration)
  • This pigment-rich immersion bath composition leads to a matt KTL coating.
  • the layer thickness of the electrophoretic dip coating is in the range from 6 to 14 ⁇ m and in particular compensates for unevenness in the surface of the adhesion promoter layer.
  • the total layer thickness of the adhesion promoter layer and the electrophoretic dip coating varies over a piece of material in the range from 7 to 18 ⁇ m.
  • dip for a KTL coating is composed as follows:
  • the zinc-containing layer is formed by a zinc alloy coating of zinc / iron by electroplating.
  • the thickness of the zinc-containing layer is 8 ⁇ m.
  • the zinc-containing layer is passivated by zinc phosphating (zinc phosphate thickness: from 1 to 3 ⁇ m).
  • an intermediate layer is applied to the zinc-containing layer, namely by immersion in an acidic aqueous solution containing Cr 3+ (color passivation).
  • a passivation solution containing no chromium can also be used.
  • the layer thickness is in the range between 10 nm to 1 ⁇ m.
  • Examples 3 and 4 Like Examples 3 and 4, but the intermediate layer from Examples 3 and 4 is replaced by a black conversion layer produced with anodic oxidation. This is in an aqueous solution with a pH value of more than 13, which has a NaN0 3 concentration of 45 g / 1, at an immersion bath temperature corresponding to room temperature and Voltage produced, the current density in the range of 0.01 to 0.05 A / cm 2 .
  • a black conversion layer produced with anodic oxidation This is in an aqueous solution with a pH value of more than 13, which has a NaN0 3 concentration of 45 g / 1, at an immersion bath temperature corresponding to room temperature and Voltage produced, the current density in the range of 0.01 to 0.05 A / cm 2 .
  • other process conditions for the anodic oxidation are possible, as described in German Patent No. 198 58 795.
  • the zinc-containing layer is built up from two sub-layers. Zinc is first galvanically deposited on the pretreated piece of material (thickness 2 to 4 ⁇ m), followed by a zinc flake coating that cannot be applied electrolytically.
  • the zinc-containing layer in the sense of the invention is thus formed jointly by the two layers mentioned.
  • galvanically deposited zinc layer is replaced by an electrodeposited zinc alloy layer.
  • the zinc-containing layer is formed by an organic, zinc-containing, electrically conductive layer.
  • This layer cannot be applied electrolytically and is based on epoxy resins with a molecular weight of at least 700, which are combined with a phenolic crosslinker.
  • the layer is electrically conductive due to the presence of zinc pigments and aluminum pigments.
  • the solution contains glycol, glycol ether, glycol ether ester as solvent.
  • Example 9 With regard to the adhesion promoter layer and the KTL / ATL layer as example 1 or 2. Below the adhesion promoter layer is a passivation layer, including a zinc flake coating with a thickness of 2 to 6 ⁇ m and between the zinc flake coating and the piece of material, the zinc-containing layer is made of previous example arranged.
  • the methods used for the application of the zinc flake layer and the adhesion promoter layer will be predominantly identical.
  • frame part coating methods such as spin coating, various spraying methods (compressed air spraying, electrostatic, high volume low pressure) or immersion methods are used.
  • the dip-spin method is mainly used for reasons of economy.
  • zinc-containing layer described there is replaced by a zinc phosphating layer with a thickness of up to 5 ⁇ m.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Paints Or Removers (AREA)
  • Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne une pièce comportant à des fins de protection anticorrosion un revêtement multicouche présentant une couche inférieure contenant du zinc pour la protection anticorrosion cathodique, ou constitué de couches de phosphatation pour la protection anticorrosion temporaire. L'invention vise à appliquer par immersion un vernis électrophorétique extérieur sur ladite pièce. A cet effet, ledit revêtement est constitué, de l'intérieur vers l'extérieur par rapport à la pièce, a) de la couche contenant du zinc ; b) éventuellement d'une couche de passivation ; c) d'une couche d'agent adhésif composée d'un matériau réticulant pouvant être cuit, présentant une épaisseur et une porosité telles que ladite couche n'isole pas électriquement la couche contenant du zinc ; et, d) d'une couche organique extérieure appliquée de manière électrophorétique (protection anticorrosion cathodique). Dans un autre mode de réalisation, ledit revêtement peut être constitué, de l'intérieur vers l'extérieur, a) de la couche de phosphatation ; b) d'une couche d'agent adhésif composée d'un matériau réticulant pouvant être cuit, présentant une épaisseur et une porosité telles que ladite couche n'isole pas électriquement la couche de phosphatation ; et, c) d'une couche organique extérieure appliquée de manière électrophorétique (protection anticorrosion cathodique). L'invention concerne également des procédés de fabrication de telles pièces.
PCT/EP2001/014975 2000-12-22 2001-12-18 Piece recouverte d'un revetement de zinc et d'un vernis electrophoretique applique par immersion et procede de fabrication WO2002052065A2 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU2002238445A AU2002238445A1 (en) 2000-12-22 2001-12-18 Piece finished with a coating of zinc and applied electrophoretic dip varnish and method for the production thereof

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10064733.2 2000-12-22
DE2000164733 DE10064733A1 (de) 2000-12-22 2000-12-22 Materialstück, veredelt mit einem Zinküberzug und mit appliziertem Elektrotauchlack sowie Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2002052065A2 true WO2002052065A2 (fr) 2002-07-04
WO2002052065A3 WO2002052065A3 (fr) 2002-12-05

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AU (1) AU2002238445A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE10064733A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2002052065A2 (fr)

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DE102013214294B4 (de) * 2013-07-22 2021-06-24 Robert Bosch Gmbh Ultraschallsensor

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AU2002238445A1 (en) 2002-07-08
WO2002052065A3 (fr) 2002-12-05
DE10064733A1 (de) 2002-07-11

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