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WO2002049899A2 - Systeme de freinage pour engin de genie civile - Google Patents

Systeme de freinage pour engin de genie civile Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2002049899A2
WO2002049899A2 PCT/US2001/043312 US0143312W WO0249899A2 WO 2002049899 A2 WO2002049899 A2 WO 2002049899A2 US 0143312 W US0143312 W US 0143312W WO 0249899 A2 WO0249899 A2 WO 0249899A2
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
service
relation
electronic control
control module
valves
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US2001/043312
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
WO2002049899A3 (fr
Inventor
Jeffrey E. Jensen
Original Assignee
Caterpillar Inc.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from US09/862,962 external-priority patent/US6527348B2/en
Application filed by Caterpillar Inc. filed Critical Caterpillar Inc.
Priority to JP2002551417A priority Critical patent/JP4198463B2/ja
Priority to AU2002225649A priority patent/AU2002225649A1/en
Priority to DE10197081T priority patent/DE10197081T5/de
Publication of WO2002049899A2 publication Critical patent/WO2002049899A2/fr
Publication of WO2002049899A3 publication Critical patent/WO2002049899A3/fr

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T17/00—Component parts, details, or accessories of power brake systems not covered by groups B60T8/00, B60T13/00 or B60T15/00, or presenting other characteristic features
    • B60T17/18—Safety devices; Monitoring
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T13/00—Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems
    • B60T13/10—Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems with fluid assistance, drive, or release
    • B60T13/66—Electrical control in fluid-pressure brake systems
    • B60T13/68—Electrical control in fluid-pressure brake systems by electrically-controlled valves
    • B60T13/683—Electrical control in fluid-pressure brake systems by electrically-controlled valves in pneumatic systems or parts thereof

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a braking system particularly suited to construction machines and more particularly to a reliable braking system which prevents unintended braking or loss of braking capability upon malfunction or failure of certain functional components of the braking control system.
  • Electro-hydraulic valves are used in a service brake control system disclosed in United States patent Re; 36,152 reissued on 16 March 1999 to J. Hosseini et al for a Method and Apparatus for Controlling Differentially Driven Wheel -Slip for an Articulated Machine.
  • the service brakes of this system are described as being either fluid pressure applied and spring-biased in a disengaged position or spring-biased in the engaged position and maintained in the disengaged position by fluid pressure. Upon failure or malfunction of certain components of this system, the brakes may be applied without the intention of the operator.
  • United States patent number 5,749,633 issued 12 May 1998 to E. Bumgartner for a Brake by Wire System discloses use of a pair of electro-hyraulic valves in a braking system having a conventional master cylinder and an ABS/TCS brake controller supplemented by a brake by wire controller.
  • Automotive master cylinders are not suitable for use in large construction machines and malfunction or failure of certain elements of this automotive braking system could result in unintentional application of one or more of the service brakes .
  • the present invention is directed to overcoming one or more of the problems as set forth above .
  • Each wheel of an axle of a construction machine is provided with a pressure fluid applied and spring released service brake which is actuated by pressure fluid delivered through an electrically controlled service valve.
  • Pressure fluid is delivered to the service valves for the service brakes of the two wheels on the axle through an electrically controlled safety valve connected in pressure fluid receiving relation to a source of pressure fluid.
  • the two service valves and the safety valve are controlled by an electric control which includes signal lines extending to a manually operated signal generating control in the cab.
  • the service valves and the safety valve must all be shifted from their normally closed positions to open positions in order to apply the service brakes. This valve arrangement avoids unintentional application of the service brakes upon certain malfunctions or failures of components of the braking system.
  • a spring applied and pressure released parking brake may be provided on a transmission output shaft, the parking brake being released by pressure fluid delivered through an electrically controlled parking valve which is in turn controlled by a parking brake switch in the operator's cab.
  • the electric control for the braking system may include a primary electronic control module and, for safety purposes, a back-up electronic control module, both of which are preferably located on the machine outside the cab. Two sources of electric power and two sources of pressure fluid may be provided to ensure safe operation of the machine.
  • the braking system of this invention is a brake by wire system with brake operating apparatus moved out of the cab and onto the chassis of the construction machine. This reduces the noise level in the cab and simplifies installation of the cab during manufacture of the machine .
  • Figure 1 is a side view of a wheel loader in which the present invention is advantageously utilized and Figure 2 is a schematic illustration of a preferred embodiment of the braking system of this invention. Best Mode for Carrying Out the Invention
  • FIG. 1 illustrates a wheel loader 11 which has a chassis 12 made up of a front segment 13 and a rear segment 14 interconnected on a central vertical axis 16 about which the wheel loader 11 is steered by a power steering arrangement, not shown.
  • the front segment 13 is supported by an axle 17 having a pair of laterally spaced wheels 18, 19 and the rear segment is supported by an axle 21 having a pair of laterally spaced wheels 22, 23.
  • the front segment 13 supports a boom 25 with a bucket 26 at its forward end and the rear segment 14 supports an operator's cab 27.
  • the rear segment 14 also supports an internal combustion engine or power unit 28 connected in driving relation to the wheels 17, 18, 22, 23 through a change speed transmission 29 having an output shaft 31 with which a spring applied and fluid pressure released parking brake 32 is operatively associated.
  • a pair of electrically controlled proportional service valves 41, 42 are connected in fluid delivery relation to the service brakes 36, 37, respectively, by a pair of fluid conduits 43, 44 and a pair of electrically controlled proportional service valves 46, 47 are connected in pressure fluid delivery relation to the service brakes 38, 39 by a pair of fluid conduits 48, 49.
  • the service valves 41, 42, 46, 47 have fluid flow control elements 51, 52, 53, 54, respectively, having fluid delivery and closed positions of adjustment.
  • Pressure fluid delivery to the service valves 41, 42 is by way of an electrically controlled proportional safety valve 56 and a fluid service conduit 57 having branches connected in parallel to the service valves 41, 42.
  • an electrically controlled proportional safety valve 58 is connected by a fluid service conduit 59 to the service valves 46, 47.
  • the safety valves 56, 58 have fluid flow control elements 60 , 61, each of which have fluid delivery and closed positions of adjustment.
  • the flow control elements of all the service and safety valves 41, 42, 46, 47, 56, 58 are normally in their closed positions of adjustment and are proportionally opened depending on the amount of electric current delivered to those valves .
  • the wheel loader 11 includes a source of pressure fluid including an engine driven pump 62 drawing fluid from a reservoir 63 and delivering pressurized fluid to two accumulators 64, 65 by way of a double check valve 66 and fluid conduits 67, 68.
  • the accumulator 64 is connected in pressure fluid delivery relation to the safety valve 56 by a fluid conduit 71 and the accumulator 65 is connected in pressure fluid delivery relation to the safety valve 58 by a fluid conduit 72.
  • the wheel loader 11 is also provided with a fluid control for its spring applied and fluid pressure released parking brake 32.
  • a fluid pressure actuator 74 of the parking brake 32 is connected in pressure fluid receiving relation to the accumulators 64, 65 via electrically controlled parking valves 76, 77 and a shuttle valve 78.
  • the parking valves 76, 77 are connected in pressure fluid receiving relation to the fluid conduits 71, 72 by fluid conduits 79, 80, respectively, a pair of inlet ports of the shuttle valve 78 are connected in pressure fluid receiving relation to the parking valves 76, 77 by a pair of fluid conduits 81, 82 and a fluid conduit 83 connects an outlet port of the shuttle valve 78 to the fluid actuator 74 of the parking brake 32.
  • An electrical control is provided for operating the parking brake 32 and the safety and service brakes 32, 36, 37, 38, 39, which includes a primary electronic control module 90 and a back-up electronic control module 100.
  • the service valves 41, 42, 46, 47, the safety valves 56, 58 and the parking valve 76 are individually connected to outputs of the primary electronic control module 90 by electric lines 91, 92, 93, 94, 96, 97, 98, respectively.
  • the service valves 46, 47 and the safety valve 58 associated with the service brakes 38, 39 of the rear axle 21 and the parking valve 77 are individually connected to outputs of the back-up electronic control module 100 by electric lines 101, 102, 103, 104, respectively.
  • control modules 90 and 100 are mounted on the rear segment 14 of the wheel loader chassis 12 at a location outside of the cab 27.
  • the service valves 41, 42, 46, 47, the safety valves 56, 58 and the parking valves 76, 77 may be located in a console 105 beneath the operator's cab 27 or elsewhere outside the cab 27.
  • the pressure fluid supply system is also carried by the chassis 12 outside of the cab 27.
  • the electric control includes an electric power supply for the brake control system which connects the primary and back-up electronic control modules 90, 100 to two power sources, namely, an engine driven generator 106 and a battery 107.
  • the generator 106 and the battery 107 are jointly connected in power delivery relation to a pair of relays 108, 109 which in turn connected in power delivery relation to the control modules 90, 100, respectively, by a pair of electric lines 111, 112.
  • the relays 108, 109 are operated by a manually operated ignition type power switch 113 which is located in the cab 27 and connected to the relays 108, 109 by a pair of electric lines 114, 116.
  • the sources of electric power 106, 107 and the relays 108, 109 are located outside of the operator's cab 27.
  • the various manually operated controls and warning devices located in the operator's cab 27 include a buzzer 131, a pair of warning lights 132, 133, a parking brake switch 136 and a manually moveable service brake control 137 which are connected by signal lines to inputs of the primary and back-up electronic control modules 90, 100 by way of a primary sheathing harness 161 and a back-up sheathing harness 162.
  • the service brake control 137 is a foot operated control with three pedal position sensors, not shown. The three sensors simultaneously sense the position of the brake control 137 and three position sensing signals are transmitted to the primary electronic control module 90 and three signals are transmitted to the back-up electronic control module 100.
  • the three lines actually employed to transmit the triple redundancy signals to each of the control modules 90 , 100 are represented by single lines in Figure 2. If one of the sensors fails, the active one of the control modules 90, 100 judges displacement of the brake control 137 based on two signals. Two correct signals override a wrong third signal. If only two position sensors were used, the active control module would not ascertain which signal was correct.
  • the active one of the control modules 90, 100 delivers current to the service and safety valves it controls in proportion to the sensed position of the brake control 137 and those service and safety valves deliver pressure fluid to the service brakes with which they are associated to effect braking in proportion to the position of the brake control 137.
  • the primary and back-up electronic control modules 90, 100 are interconnected by a controller area network (CAN) datalink 141 and a diagnostic signal wire 142 by which data is shared and by which the outputs of the back-up control module 100 which operate the service and safety valves 46, 47, 48 are activated upon the back-up control module 100 sensing output failure of the primary control module 90.
  • CAN controller area network
  • the output of the back-up control module 100 connected to the parking valve 77 is always active when the machine is operating.
  • the braking system of this invention is particularly useful in construction machinery such as wheel loaders.
  • This invention provides a brake by wire system that contributes to a quieter operator's cab, and simplifies installation of the cab during manufacture of the construction machine.
  • Braking by wire is a key segment of a complete drive by wire machine which may be operated by remote control.
  • a drive by wire machine makes possible a complete or partial autonomous operation in construction, mining and landfill operations.
  • electrically controlled proportional service valves 41, 42, 46, 47 for controlling the flow of pressure fluid to the service brakes 36, 37, 38, 39 permits individual adjustment of the brake pressure at individual wheels.
  • the use of an electrically controlled proportional safety valve 56 between the source of pressure fluid and the service valves 41, 42 for the front axle brakes 36, 37 and the use of the same type of safety valve 58 between the source of pressure fluid and the service valves 46, 47 for the rear axle brakes 38, 39 prevents the unintentional application of the service brakes 36, 37, 38, 39 in event of failure or malfunction of some braking system components. For instance, the service brakes 36, 37 cannot be applied unless the electrically controlled service valves 41, 42 and the safety valve 56 are electrically energized.
  • the service brakes 36, 37 will not be applied. If either of the flow control elements 51, 52 of the service valves 41, 42 becomes hung up in its fluid delivery position of adjustment, the associated service brake will not be applied because the flow control element 60 of the safety valve 56 will be in its illustrated closed position in which fluid conduit 57 is connected to reservoir. If the operator operates the brake control 137 when ore or both of the flow control elements 51, 52 are hung up in an open position, the electrically controlled proportional safety valve 56 will supply pressure fluid to the brakes 36, 37 to provide braking effort in proportion to the position of the brake control 137. If either one of the safety valves 56, 58 fails in an open position, the associated service brakes 36, 37 or 38, 39 can be applied and released by operation of the associated service valves 41, 42 or 46 47 in response to movement of the brake control 137.
  • An output failure of the primary electronic control module 90 is sensed by the back-up electronic control module 100 via the interconnecting datalink 141, and the outputs for electric lines 101, 102, and 103 of the back-up electronic control module 100 are automatically activated to provide machine operator control for the service brakes 38, 39 of the rear axle 21 and the parking brake 32.
  • the parking valves 76, 77 are moved from their illustrated open positions of adjustment to closed positions of adjustment in which the parking valve 76 connects the fluid conduit 81 to reservoir and the parking valve 77 connects the fluid conduit 82 to reservoir. Failure of either control module 90 or 100 does not disable the parking brake 32.
  • the parking brake 32 will not be unintentionally applied in case of failure of one of the accumulators 64, 65. Also by using two accumulators 64, 65, the parking brake 32 can be applied and released, in event one of the accumulators fail.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Valves And Accessory Devices For Braking Systems (AREA)
  • Braking Systems And Boosters (AREA)
  • Regulating Braking Force (AREA)
  • Braking Arrangements (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un système de freinage pour engin de génie civile (11) comprenant des freins de manoeuvre (36, 37, 38, 39) actionnés par des soupapes de commande (41, 42, 46, 47) alimentées en liquide sous pression par une soupape de sécurité (57, 58) qui protège contre l'activation accidentelle des freins de manoeuvre (36, 37, 38, 39) en cas de défaillance ou de dysfonctionnement d'un organe du système de freinage.
PCT/US2001/043312 2000-12-18 2001-11-21 Systeme de freinage pour engin de genie civile WO2002049899A2 (fr)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2002551417A JP4198463B2 (ja) 2000-12-18 2001-11-21 建設機械用ブレーキシステム
AU2002225649A AU2002225649A1 (en) 2000-12-18 2001-11-21 Braking system for a construction machine
DE10197081T DE10197081T5 (de) 2000-12-18 2001-11-21 Bremssystem für eine Baumaschine

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US25653100P 2000-12-18 2000-12-18
US60/256,531 2000-12-18
US09/862,962 2001-05-22
US09/862,962 US6527348B2 (en) 2001-05-22 2001-05-22 Braking system for a construction machine

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2002049899A2 true WO2002049899A2 (fr) 2002-06-27
WO2002049899A3 WO2002049899A3 (fr) 2003-01-23

Family

ID=26945432

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/US2001/043312 WO2002049899A2 (fr) 2000-12-18 2001-11-21 Systeme de freinage pour engin de genie civile

Country Status (4)

Country Link
JP (1) JP4198463B2 (fr)
AU (1) AU2002225649A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE10197081T5 (fr)
WO (1) WO2002049899A2 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2015138243A1 (fr) * 2014-03-11 2015-09-17 Caterpillar Inc. Système de freinage et procédé de commande d'un système de freinage
US9181678B2 (en) 2012-03-09 2015-11-10 Komatsu Ltd. Backhoe loader

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102005050480B3 (de) * 2005-10-21 2007-01-18 Voith Turbo Gmbh & Co. Kg Steuerluftsystem und Verfahren zum Steuern des Steuerluftdruckes in einem solchen System
DE102008003381B4 (de) 2008-01-07 2024-10-02 Zf Cv Systems Hannover Gmbh Bremsanlage für ein Fahrzeug
US11691609B2 (en) * 2018-05-03 2023-07-04 Volvo Truck Corporation Redundant motion control for a vehicle with a redundant braking arrangement

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5749633A (en) 1997-05-12 1998-05-12 General Motors Corporation Brake by wire system

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
USRE36152E (en) * 1991-10-04 1999-03-16 Caterpillar Inc. Method and apparatus for controlling differentially driven wheel-slip for an articulated machine
DE19701070A1 (de) * 1997-01-15 1998-07-16 Bosch Gmbh Robert Hydraulische Fahrzeugbremsanlage

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5749633A (en) 1997-05-12 1998-05-12 General Motors Corporation Brake by wire system

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US9181678B2 (en) 2012-03-09 2015-11-10 Komatsu Ltd. Backhoe loader
WO2015138243A1 (fr) * 2014-03-11 2015-09-17 Caterpillar Inc. Système de freinage et procédé de commande d'un système de freinage

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU2002225649A1 (en) 2002-07-01
DE10197081T5 (de) 2007-08-30
JP4198463B2 (ja) 2008-12-17
WO2002049899A3 (fr) 2003-01-23
JP2004516183A (ja) 2004-06-03

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