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WO2001025689A1 - Procede de combustion d'un biocombustible dans un four utilisant un combustible fossile - Google Patents

Procede de combustion d'un biocombustible dans un four utilisant un combustible fossile Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2001025689A1
WO2001025689A1 PCT/FI2000/000818 FI0000818W WO0125689A1 WO 2001025689 A1 WO2001025689 A1 WO 2001025689A1 FI 0000818 W FI0000818 W FI 0000818W WO 0125689 A1 WO0125689 A1 WO 0125689A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
biofuel
fuel
main fuel
wood
coal
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/FI2000/000818
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Pauli Dernjatin
Kati Savolainen
Juha Kostamo
Original Assignee
Fortum Engineering Oy
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Fortum Engineering Oy filed Critical Fortum Engineering Oy
Priority to EP00960746A priority Critical patent/EP1214549A1/fr
Priority to PL00353990A priority patent/PL195937B1/pl
Priority to AU72944/00A priority patent/AU7294400A/en
Priority to HU0203046A priority patent/HU229926B1/hu
Publication of WO2001025689A1 publication Critical patent/WO2001025689A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G7/00—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals
    • F23G7/02—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals of bagasse, megasse or the like
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G7/00—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals
    • F23G7/10—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals of field or garden waste or biomasses
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2201/00—Pretreatment
    • F23G2201/70—Blending
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2204/00—Supplementary heating arrangements
    • F23G2204/10—Supplementary heating arrangements using auxiliary fuel
    • F23G2204/101—Supplementary heating arrangements using auxiliary fuel solid fuel
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
    • Y02E20/12—Heat utilisation in combustion or incineration of waste

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method according to the preamble of claim 1 for co-firing wood, waste wood or other type of biofuel along with conventional coal in a boiler designed for burning coal, brown coal, peat or other particulate fossil fuel as the main fuel.
  • US Pat. No. 5,609,1 13 describes one technique of burning wood fuel in energy pro- duction.
  • the boiler combustion chamber is fired with pulverized coal and wood-derived material, the latter being comminuted to a precisely determined particle size.
  • Separate feed nozzles or burners are used for the pulverized coal and the wood particles, complemented with oil burners.
  • This burning technique is hampered by a typical problem related to wood combustion.
  • the particle size of the wood fuel must be very small and the amount of large particulates in the infeed fuel relatively small in order to maintain a stable flame in the burner without using a pilot fuel such as gas or oil.
  • the go ⁇ l of the invention is achieved according to the invention by virtue of mixing biofuel in particle form into the flow of the main fuel after the coal mill, but before the fossil fuel is fed into a flame.
  • the invention offers significant benefits.
  • the biofuel can be made cost-efficiently, e.g., from waste wood or other RDF (refuse-derived fuel) material, whereby also such waste can be utilized that otherwise is difficult to put in use.
  • the method according to the invention is even applicable to fuel mixtures containing plastic or other combustible material that is present in some amount in RDF fuels, for example.
  • biofuel refers to material that basically comprises substantial amounts of material of biological origin, but may also contain minor amounts of other combustible materials.
  • a particularly suitable biofuel is waste wood scrapped from building sites. The use of refuse-derived fuel reduces the loading of dumping sites and, in some cases, even a compensation may be enjoyed from the incineration of such waste.
  • the particle size of material to be burned may be substantially larger than what is required in burners specifically designed for firing with particulate wood-derived material, because the wood-derived fuel need not sustain the flame, but rather, wood particles are ignited in the main fuel flame and subsequently serve to enhance the combustion of the main fuel.
  • the moisture content of the particulate fuel may be much higher, which means that the quality of fuel to be burnt need not be as high as in conventional arrangements. Resultingly, wider resources of biofuels become available, whereupon the threshold limiting the use of biomaterials as fuel is lowered, since the common problem of insufficient volume and poor availability of biofuels close to the energy-generating plant as a factor in investment decision-making loses its prior weight.
  • One essential factor in the evaluation of the profitability of the method is that it can burn a substantially higher percentage of biofuel in regard to the fossil fuel, whereby according to present experiences it is possible to substitute at least 30 % of fossil fuel by biofuel using the method in accordance with the invention.
  • the arrangement according to the invention makes combustion of materials derived from municipal waste and the like refuse particularly advantageous inasmuch the waste being burned passes through the high-temperature fireball zone of the boiler, whereby organic hydrocarbon compounds are disintegrated.
  • Addition of wood also reduces the amount of oxides of sulfur and nitrogen occurring in the combustion of coal.
  • Such improvement of the combustion process by co-firing with wood or other biofuel is a remarkable benefit by way of allowing a wider latitude in the selection of fuels.
  • the reduced emissions of sulfur compounds permits firing with fuels of a higher sulfur content without resorting to pretreatment of the fuel or increase in the capacity of the flue gas cleaning system.
  • FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of the biofuel feed arrangement
  • FIG. 2 shows an embodiment of the biofuel feed arrangement
  • FIG. 2 shows another embodiment of the biofuel feed arrangement.
  • the main fuel may as well be brown coal or peat
  • the co- fired fuel can be selected from the group of other like biofuels already mentioned above, such as straw, bagasses refuse or the like material readily available in suffi- cient quantities, as well as municipal waste, particularly the combustible components thereof that may contain other than organic waste.
  • peat is counted as a fossil fuel, while in certain cases it is considered to be a renewable biofuel.
  • coal In a coal-fired energy-generating plant, coal is first fetched from a storage and fed into a coal mill, wherein it is comminuted into particles of a sufficiently small size for firing. All the different coal grades are generally fragile and, hence, easily grindable, for which purpose a ball mill is used. Each plant has typically a plurality of coal mills and feed lines for passing the milled coal into the combustion chamber of the boiler. Coal is fed into the combustion chamber pneumatically conveyed along a line exiting at a coal nozzle.
  • the carrier gas of coal conventionally air, forms a portion of the required combustion air, while the rest of combustion air is today generally fed stagewise into the burner flame and the combustion chamber.
  • the biofuel is mixed with the fossil fuel prior to the igni- tion of the fossil main fuel, which in practice must take place prior to the exit of the burner's fuel feed line into the combustion chamber.
  • An alternative arrangement might be contemplated such that has the biofuel feed is arranged to exit from a separate nozzle or other like feed means just in front of the main fuel nozzle tip, preceding the ignition point of the main fuel.
  • the mixing point of the biofuel in the upstream direction of the main fuel flow should advantageously take place not earlier than after the milling of the main fuel.
  • FIG. 1 therein is shown schematically the co-use of a biofuel in the firing of a coal-fired boiler 1.
  • the invention is applicable to all types of boilers fired with particulate solid fuel.
  • the biofuel is received at a hauling terminal 2, wherefrom the fuel is transferred by conveyors 3 in proper amounts to processing into fuel.
  • the fuel is driven over a magnet drum 4, where possible magnetic tramp metal is separated from the fuel.
  • the fuel is passed to a screen 5, where larger clumps are separated and conveyed to a precrusher 6.
  • the material may also be dried.
  • this predrying stage is primarily helpful in making the grinding of the fuel easier.
  • the biomaterial is passed to a grinder that can be an impact mill 7 in an advantageous and simple arrangement.
  • Boiler flue gases can be passed into the impact mill along a line 9 to help drying the fuel in the impact mill and the precrusher.
  • the particle size of the crushed material should be smaller than 8 mm and the moisture content should advantageously be not greater than 25 %.
  • the particle size may be allowed to be this large inasmuch the combustion process with the main fuel in a common flame is very effective. Even a higher moisture content can be allowed for the comminuted fuel, depending on the composition of the received material.
  • the fuel moisture content is 10 % to 40 %.
  • the biofuel is passed along a line 8 to one of the burner groups 11 of a coal-fired boiler.
  • a burner group 1 1 is formed by burners operating at the same height on the boiler wall.
  • One possible location of the burners of a given burner group 1 1 is at the corners of the boiler, for instance.
  • Pulverized coal serving as the main fuel is passed to the burners along lines 10.
  • the biofuel is fed to one coal burner group only, but with the provision of a sufficiently ample supply of biomaterial, it is possible to feed biofuel to plural burners, even to all of them.
  • FIG. 2 shows a possible arrangement for biofuel feed.
  • the biofuel is mixed with the main fuel flow prior to the burner by way of connecting the biofuel line 8 to the main fuel line 10.
  • the biofuel particles undergo mixing with the pulverized main fuel, whereupon the ignition and burning of the fuel mix- ture take place in a conventional manner in the burner flame.
  • the embodiment according to the invention uses the burner type which is schematically illustrated in the diagram and achieves ignition of the fuel flow by means of a stabilizing ring 12. With the help of such a stabilizing ring 12, the flame can be ignited efficiently even under air-deficient conditions so that the flame always ignites at the burner tip and burns under all conditions in a stable manner.
  • the fuel flow contains less air than is needed for complete combustion of the fuel, whereby more combustion air is stagewise added to the flame via secondary-air and tertiary-air nozzles 13, 14.
  • this kind of fuel feed arrangement might be feasible as such, a problem may be encountered from sideflow of pulverized coal into the biofuel line or from backflow effects in the biofuel line due to pressure variations in the feed system.
  • Neither one of these feed arrangements needs a separate ignition system, and the completed combustion of coal is aided, among other factors, by the volatile components imported by the biofuel.
  • the invention is particularly suited for use in conjunction with this kind of modern burners in which the combustion process can be readily controlled. Nevertheless, the use of the invention may also be contemplated in other types of burners.
  • Burners of the above kind are described, e.g., in US Pat. Nos. 5,799,594, 5,431 ,1 14, 4,907,962 and 5,263,426.
  • the test results support the concept that the biofuel should be mixed with coal that is already pulverized, particularly when large amounts of biofuel or coarse biomaterial is being used.
  • the biofuel is mixed with coal only after the milling of the coal.
  • This arrangement gives the benefit that the expensive coal mill need not be used for processing the biofuel, but instead, its comminution may be carried out using less costly grinding equipment can be used such as an impact mill.
  • the volumetric amount of wood in the mixed fuel was 17 vol.-% which corresponds to approx. 4-5 wt.-% and approx. 1-2 % of the overall heat content of the mixed fuel.
  • the amount of wood was raised to 20 vol.-% corresponding to approx. 6-7 wt.-%. Due to uneven mixing and changes in the heat content of the fuel components, the actual mixing percentage varied.
  • the amount of wood in the mixed fuel was further raised to 25 vol.-% which corresponds to 9-10 wt.-% and 3-4 % of the overall heat content of the mixed fuel.
  • the flame ignition and burning process was normal. Also the formation of fly ash and soot was normal.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Combustion Of Fluid Fuel (AREA)
  • Solid Fuels And Fuel-Associated Substances (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé permettant de réaliser la combustion d'un biocombustible conjointement avec un combustible principal, dans une chaudière conçue pour la combustion d'un combustible principal fossile tel que houille ou tourbe, procédé selon lequel on effectue, en premier lieu, le broyage du combustible principal pour la combustion, puis on alimente un brûleur en ce combustible, par l'intermédiaire d'un gaz vecteur, et l'on effectue la combustion du combustible principal dans la chambre de combustion de la chaudière. Après broyage du combustible principal, le biocombustible est mélangé dans le flux du combustible principal pulvérisé, avant d'amener le mélange combustible dans la flamme de combustion, de telle façon que le biocombustible soit co-brûlé avec le combustible principal dans la même flamme. Le biocombustible peut être formé par des éclats de bois, de la paille, ou un combustible séparé des déchets collectifs ou une autre biomasse disponible.
PCT/FI2000/000818 1999-09-23 2000-09-22 Procede de combustion d'un biocombustible dans un four utilisant un combustible fossile WO2001025689A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP00960746A EP1214549A1 (fr) 1999-09-23 2000-09-22 Procede de combustion d'un biocombustible dans un four utilisant un combustible fossile
PL00353990A PL195937B1 (pl) 1999-09-23 2000-09-22 Sposób spalania paliwa biologicznego w kotle zaprojektowanym do spalania paliwa kopalnego
AU72944/00A AU7294400A (en) 1999-09-23 2000-09-22 Method for burning biofuel in a furnace using fossil fuel
HU0203046A HU229926B1 (en) 1999-09-23 2000-09-22 Method for burning biofuel in a furnace using fossil fuel

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FI992046A FI119124B (fi) 1999-09-23 1999-09-23 Menetelmä biopolttoaineen polttamiseksi fossiilista polttoainetta käyttävässä kattilassa
FI19992046 1999-09-23

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2001025689A1 true WO2001025689A1 (fr) 2001-04-12

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ID=8555342

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/FI2000/000818 WO2001025689A1 (fr) 1999-09-23 2000-09-22 Procede de combustion d'un biocombustible dans un four utilisant un combustible fossile

Country Status (7)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1214549A1 (fr)
AU (1) AU7294400A (fr)
CZ (1) CZ303811B6 (fr)
FI (1) FI119124B (fr)
HU (1) HU229926B1 (fr)
PL (1) PL195937B1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2001025689A1 (fr)

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2009353A1 (fr) * 2007-06-28 2008-12-31 Ifp Procédé de préparation d'une charge mixte contenant de la biomasse et une coupe hydrocarbonnée lourde en vue d'une gazeification ultereure
WO2008137691A3 (fr) * 2007-05-03 2009-06-11 Archer Daniels Midland Co Système d'utilisation de chaleur pour traiter un produit agricole, système de combustion à lit fluidisé et leurs procédés de mise en application
EP1588097A4 (fr) * 2003-01-22 2010-01-06 Joel Vatsky Systeme de bruleur et procede permettant de melanger plusieurs combustibles solides
CN101782237A (zh) * 2010-03-09 2010-07-21 西安热工研究院有限公司 燃用高水分褐煤的中速磨煤机直吹式制粉燃烧系统
CN101881439A (zh) * 2009-04-29 2010-11-10 巴布科克和威尔科克斯能量产生集团公司 生物质中心空气喷射燃烧器
ES2353783A1 (es) * 2008-06-06 2011-03-07 Cales De Pachs, S.A. Procedimiento para la elaboración de un biocombustible sólido y producto biocombustible obtenido por dicho procedimiento.
CN101713545B (zh) * 2009-12-04 2012-04-25 中国轻工业南宁设计工程有限公司 燃烧农作物秸秆锅炉的燃料输送方法及设备
CN103180668A (zh) * 2010-10-29 2013-06-26 通用电气公司 用于气动传送系统的返混装置
CN104421954A (zh) * 2013-11-22 2015-03-18 柳州市润澄针织有限公司 锅炉
US20150362180A1 (en) * 2014-06-16 2015-12-17 Biomass Energy Enhancements Llc System for Co-Firing Cleaned Coal and Beneficiated Organic-Carbon-Containing Feedstock in a Coal Combustion Apparatus
US20150362179A1 (en) * 2014-06-16 2015-12-17 Biomass Energy Enhancements Llc System for Co-Firing Coal and Beneficiated Organic-Carbon-Containing Feedstock in a Coal Combustion Apparatus
WO2019223489A1 (fr) * 2018-05-25 2019-11-28 德普新源（香港）有限公司 Système de commande de charge de chaudière et procédé de commande de chaudière à biomasse

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP6971784B2 (ja) * 2017-11-02 2021-11-24 三菱パワー株式会社 固体燃料供給装置及び燃焼設備並びに固体燃料供給装置の運転方法

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US4480559A (en) * 1983-01-07 1984-11-06 Combustion Engineering, Inc. Coal and char burner
US4589357A (en) * 1985-08-22 1986-05-20 Weyerhaeuser Company Method for reducing comminution energy of a biomass fuel
WO1994024486A1 (fr) * 1993-04-16 1994-10-27 Veag Vereinigte Energiewerke Ag Procede et installation permettant de bruler des matieres organiques et du charbon pulverise
WO1996010149A1 (fr) * 1994-09-27 1996-04-04 Fiber Fuel International, Inc. Combustible particulaire a base de dechets ligneux, son procede d'obtention et procede de production d'energie l'utilisant

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4480559A (en) * 1983-01-07 1984-11-06 Combustion Engineering, Inc. Coal and char burner
US4589357A (en) * 1985-08-22 1986-05-20 Weyerhaeuser Company Method for reducing comminution energy of a biomass fuel
WO1994024486A1 (fr) * 1993-04-16 1994-10-27 Veag Vereinigte Energiewerke Ag Procede et installation permettant de bruler des matieres organiques et du charbon pulverise
WO1996010149A1 (fr) * 1994-09-27 1996-04-04 Fiber Fuel International, Inc. Combustible particulaire a base de dechets ligneux, son procede d'obtention et procede de production d'energie l'utilisant

Cited By (19)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1588097A4 (fr) * 2003-01-22 2010-01-06 Joel Vatsky Systeme de bruleur et procede permettant de melanger plusieurs combustibles solides
WO2008137691A3 (fr) * 2007-05-03 2009-06-11 Archer Daniels Midland Co Système d'utilisation de chaleur pour traiter un produit agricole, système de combustion à lit fluidisé et leurs procédés de mise en application
RU2455344C2 (ru) * 2007-06-28 2012-07-10 Ифп Способ приготовления смешанной шихты, содержащей биомассу и тяжелую углеводородную фракцию, с целью дальнейшей газификации
FR2918160A1 (fr) * 2007-06-28 2009-01-02 Inst Francais Du Petrole Procede de preparation d'une charge mixte contenant de la biomasse et une coupe hydrocarbonnee lourde en vue d'une gazeification ulterieure.
EP2009353A1 (fr) * 2007-06-28 2008-12-31 Ifp Procédé de préparation d'une charge mixte contenant de la biomasse et une coupe hydrocarbonnée lourde en vue d'une gazeification ultereure
US8002857B2 (en) 2007-06-28 2011-08-23 IEP Energies Nouvelles Process for preparation of a mixed feedstock that contains biomass and a heavy hydrocarbon fraction for the purpose of subsequent gasification
ES2353783A1 (es) * 2008-06-06 2011-03-07 Cales De Pachs, S.A. Procedimiento para la elaboración de un biocombustible sólido y producto biocombustible obtenido por dicho procedimiento.
CN101881439A (zh) * 2009-04-29 2010-11-10 巴布科克和威尔科克斯能量产生集团公司 生物质中心空气喷射燃烧器
EP2249081A1 (fr) * 2009-04-29 2010-11-10 Babcock & Wilcox Power Generation Group, Inc. Brûleur à jet d'air central à biomasse
CN101713545B (zh) * 2009-12-04 2012-04-25 中国轻工业南宁设计工程有限公司 燃烧农作物秸秆锅炉的燃料输送方法及设备
CN101782237A (zh) * 2010-03-09 2010-07-21 西安热工研究院有限公司 燃用高水分褐煤的中速磨煤机直吹式制粉燃烧系统
CN103180668A (zh) * 2010-10-29 2013-06-26 通用电气公司 用于气动传送系统的返混装置
US8985912B2 (en) 2010-10-29 2015-03-24 General Electric Company Back mixing device for pneumatic conveying systems
CN104421954A (zh) * 2013-11-22 2015-03-18 柳州市润澄针织有限公司 锅炉
US20150362180A1 (en) * 2014-06-16 2015-12-17 Biomass Energy Enhancements Llc System for Co-Firing Cleaned Coal and Beneficiated Organic-Carbon-Containing Feedstock in a Coal Combustion Apparatus
US20150362179A1 (en) * 2014-06-16 2015-12-17 Biomass Energy Enhancements Llc System for Co-Firing Coal and Beneficiated Organic-Carbon-Containing Feedstock in a Coal Combustion Apparatus
US9683738B2 (en) * 2014-06-16 2017-06-20 Biomass Energy Enhancements, Llc System for co-firing coal and beneficiated organic-carbon-containing feedstock in a coal combustion apparatus
US9702548B2 (en) * 2014-06-16 2017-07-11 Biomass Energy Enhancements, Llc System for co-firing cleaned coal and beneficiated organic-carbon-containing feedstock in a coal combustion apparatus
WO2019223489A1 (fr) * 2018-05-25 2019-11-28 德普新源（香港）有限公司 Système de commande de charge de chaudière et procédé de commande de chaudière à biomasse

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
HU229926B1 (en) 2015-01-28
FI19992046L (fi) 2001-03-23
EP1214549A1 (fr) 2002-06-19
CZ2002999A3 (cs) 2002-10-16
CZ303811B6 (cs) 2013-05-15
HUP0203046A2 (en) 2003-01-28
PL195937B1 (pl) 2007-11-30
PL353990A1 (en) 2003-12-15
AU7294400A (en) 2001-05-10
FI119124B (fi) 2008-07-31

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