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WO2001003590A1 - Extracteur obstetrical - Google Patents

Extracteur obstetrical Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2001003590A1
WO2001003590A1 PCT/US2000/018562 US0018562W WO0103590A1 WO 2001003590 A1 WO2001003590 A1 WO 2001003590A1 US 0018562 W US0018562 W US 0018562W WO 0103590 A1 WO0103590 A1 WO 0103590A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
cup
vacuum
side wall
vacuum extractor
force distribution
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US2000/018562
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Dan G. Dimitriu
Jerry D. Hulse
Original Assignee
Prism Enterprises, Inc.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Prism Enterprises, Inc. filed Critical Prism Enterprises, Inc.
Priority to AU57881/00A priority Critical patent/AU5788100A/en
Publication of WO2001003590A1 publication Critical patent/WO2001003590A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods
    • A61B17/42—Gynaecological or obstetrical instruments or methods
    • A61B17/44—Obstetrical forceps
    • A61B17/442—Obstetrical forceps without pivotal connections, e.g. using vacuum
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods
    • A61B17/30—Surgical pincettes, i.e. surgical tweezers without pivotal connections
    • A61B2017/306—Surgical pincettes, i.e. surgical tweezers without pivotal connections holding by means of suction
    • A61B2017/308—Surgical pincettes, i.e. surgical tweezers without pivotal connections holding by means of suction with suction cups

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an apparatus for facilitating the delivery of a child during childbirth, and more specifically relates to vacuum extractors for use during childbirth.
  • a vacuum extractor generally includes a cup, which is placed onto the child's head.
  • a manipulation device of some sort is coupled to the cup.
  • an elongated hollow stem may be connected to the cup by which the cup may be positioned onto the child's head and through which vacuum pressure is introduced into the cup.
  • a chain or traction cord may be provided, and a vacuum introduced through a vacuum stem extending outward from the cup. The introduction of vacuum pressure into the cup results in a suction force being applied between the cup and the child's head which adheres the cup to the child's head.
  • the vacuum extractor can then be used to extract the child from the birth canal by manipulating the traction cord, or some sort of handle or other gripping device coupled to the stem of the vacuum extractor.
  • Several different types of vacuum extractors are known such as those described in U.S. Patent Nos. 3,202,152, 5,019,086, 5,163,944 and 5,281,229 and U.S. Application Serial No. 08/853,422.
  • vacuum extractor devices are widely used, the edge of the cup, which forms the seal between the cup and the child's head, defines a relatively small contact surface through which the forces which result from operation and manipulation of the extractor are transmitted to the child's head.
  • One way in which to minimize this potential problem is by lining the cup with a second cup formed of a soft, pliable material, which, when assembled, wraps around the edge of the cup thus providing a soft, relatively friendly contact with the child's head.
  • this vacuum extractor design reduces the possibility abrasion or other similar injuries to maternal tissues and the child by cushioning the contact between the vacuum extractor cup and the adjacent tissue, it does not significantly increase the area over which the forces resulting from operation of the vacuum extractor are applied to the child's head. Accordingly, it is desirable to more evenly distribute the vacuum forces applied to the child's head in order to further reduce the potential for injuries to the child.
  • a more specific object of the present invention is to provide a vacuum extractor having a cup which distributes the forces which result from the operation of the extractor over a greater area of the fetal scalp thereby reducing the potential for a concentration of forces which can lead to injury to the child.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a vacuum extractor as characterized above which has a design that is economical to produce in that it can be manufactured in a cost efficient manner.
  • the present invention provides these and other advantages and overcomes the drawbacks of the prior art by providing an obstetrical vacuum extractor for placement on a child's head for use during childbirth which substantially increases the contact sealing surface between the extractor and the child's head.
  • the vacuum extractor includes a vacuum cup having a side wall defining a hollow interior cavity.
  • the side wall has a side wall edge that defines a cup opening and the vacuum cup further includes a vacuum opening in communication with the interior cavity of the cup which is adapted for connection to a vacuum source.
  • a plurality of axially spaced annular force distribution ridges are arranged on the inside surface of the side wall of the vacuum cup. The force distribution ridges are arranged to contact and form a seal with the child's head and thereby increase the surface area over which the forces which result from operation of the extractor are distributed to the child's head.
  • a handle is also coupled to the vacuum cup to allow for manipulation of the extractor.
  • FIGURE 1 is a partially cut away side elevational view of an illustrative obstetrical vacuum extractor constructed in accordance with teachings of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is an enlarged fragmentary side sectional view of the cup of the illustrative vacuum extractor of FIG. 1 showing the force distribution ridges.
  • FIG. 3 is a plan view of the distal end of the illustrative vacuum extractor of FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 4 is a side sectional view of the cup of an alternative embodiment of the vacuum extractor of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional, elevational view of a third embodiment of an obstetrical vacuum extractor constructed in accordance with teachings of the invention.
  • FIG. 6 is an enlarged fragmentary view of the obstetrical vacuum extractor cup of FIG. 5.
  • FIG. 7 is an elevational view of a fourth embodiment of an obstetrical vacuum extractor constructed in accordance with teachings of the invention, and partially broken away in the cup area.
  • FIG. 8 is a bottom view of the obstetrical vacuum extractor cup of FIG. 7.
  • FIG. 9 is a fragmentary, cross-sectional, elevational view of a fifth embodiment of an obstetrical vacuum extractor cup constructed in accordance with teachings of the invention. While the invention will be described and disclosed in connection with certain preferred embodiments and procedures, it is not intended to limit the invention to those specific embodiments. Rather it is intended to cover all such alternative embodiments and modifications as fall within the spirit and scope of the invention.
  • FIG. 1 of the drawings there is shown an illustrative obstetrical vacuum extractor 10 embodying the present invention which can be used in assisted child delivery techniques.
  • the vacuum extractor 10
  • the 10 comprises a hollow vacuum cup 12 having a base 14 and an annular side wall 20 which opens into a distal opening 18 for placement against the head of a child.
  • the vacuum cup 12 has a generally mushroom or inverted bowl shaped configuration which extends to a lower distal edge 16 which defines the distal opening 18.
  • the side wall 20 of the cup is outwardly rounded such that the internal diameter of the cup at the lower distal edge 16 is less than the internal diameter of the cup 12 at a midpoint of the rounded side wall.
  • the overall dimensions of the vacuum cup 12 are such that the vacuum cup 12 may be easily inserted into the birth canal and properly positioned onto the child's head.
  • a handle 22 is provided, which, in this instance, is coupled to the cup 12 by an elongated stem 24.
  • the elongated stem 24 is hollow, or includes an interior bore 26, which opens into the interior of the hollow vacuum cup 12 via a vacuum opening 28 in the cup 12.
  • the outer surface of its proximal end 30 is provided with a series of ribs 32 which extend about the circumferential surface of the stem 24. It will thus be appreciated that when a suitable vacuum hose, such as flexible plastic tubing (not shown), is disposed about the proximal end 32 of the stem 20, the ribs 32 ensure an airtight connection with the vacuum hose.
  • the hollow vacuum cup 12, elongated stem 24 and handle 22 are unitarily molded from a substantially translucent, flexible plastic, such as polyethylene.
  • a substantially translucent, flexible plastic such as polyethylene.
  • the cup must be sufficiently flexible to be inserted into the birth canal and properly placed on the child's head, yet sufficiently rigid to withstand the vacuum developed within the bore 26 and cup 12.
  • the vacuum pressure developed within the cup 12 during use ranges from about 15 to 23 inches Hg (approximately 39-59 cm Hg).
  • the cup 12 must be molded of a sufficiently rigid material and the walls of the cup must be sufficiently thick to withstand the vacuum pressure.
  • the extractor 10 must be sufficiently rigid to permit the physician to positively manipulate the extractor 10 during extraction.
  • a low density polyethylene such as Dow Chemical #722 has been determined to be an appropriate material. As shown in FIG. 3, additional structural strength is provided, in this case, by support ribs 34 molded into the interior of the base 14 of the cup 12.
  • the vacuum extractor 10 may be provided with a disk (not shown) disposed a relatively short distance from the vacuum opening 28 into the interior of the hollow vacuum cup 12 as described in U.S. Patent Nos. 5,163,944 and 5,281,299.
  • the disk is coupled to the base 14 of the cup 12 by a pair of pegs 36 (FIGS. 1 and 3) which are received within openings of the disk and then flattened by sonic welding, or the like to secure the disk to the cup 12.
  • the disk includes a central opening through which the vacuum communicates with the interior of the cup 12. Additionally, the periphery of the disk is slightly smaller than the interior of the vacuum cup 12 such that the vacuum flow may also be distributed along the interior of the side wall 20 of the cup, the support ribs 34 assisting in distributing the vacuum force.
  • the cup is configured so that the forces which result from operation of the extractor 10 are distributed over a greater area of the fetal scalp as compared to prior art extractor designs, thereby reducing the potential for injury to the child.
  • the cup 12 has a plurality of concentric annular beads or ridges 38 arranged on the interior of the side wall 20 of the cup so as to contact and form a seal with the head of the child when the cup is placed against the child's head.
  • the plurality of force distribution ridges 38 significantly increase the surface area of the cup which contacts and forms the seal with the child's head.
  • the cup 12 includes two concentric annular force distribution ridges 38a, b. Specifically, as shown in
  • a first ridge 38a is arranged, in this instance, on the inside surface of the side wall 20 of the cup at or adjacent the distal edge 16 thereof.
  • this first ridge 38a is in the form of a bead 42 which is friendly to the child's scalp, minimizing the opportunity for the edge to cut or otherwise damage tissue.
  • the second ridge 38b is axially spaced a short distance from the first ridge 38b on the inside surface of the side wall 20 toward the base 14 of the cup.
  • Both the first and second ridges 38a, b have, in this case, a smooth, continuous rounded configuration which eliminates any sharp edges or pinch points which may abrade the child or mother.
  • both the first and second ridges 38a, b contact the child's scalp and form a seal therewith.
  • the ridges 38 also provide a secondary sealing surface which ensures that the cup 12 forms a good, tight seal with the child's head.
  • the extractor 10 shown in FIGS. 1-3 is fabricated of two different molded materials.
  • the illustrated embodiment includes a relatively rigid cup portion 20a to which a lip 40 is molded of a second relatively softer material, preferably an elastomeric material.
  • the lip 40 is secured to the side wall 20 of the cup and defines the distal edge 16 thereof.
  • the lip 40 extends along at least a portion of the inside surface of the side wall and, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, may extend along substantially the entire inner surface of the rigid cup portion 20a.
  • the soft molded lip 40 also defines the first and second force distribution ridges 38a, b as well as the annular bead 42 along the outer surface of the side wall of the cup at the distal edge 16 thereof.
  • the relatively soft molded lip 40 presents a "friendly" surface for contacting the child's head, as well as maternal tissues. Further, the relatively soft lip 40 is sufficiently flexible to further enhance the seal with the child's head and to conform to any irregularities or hair present on the head. Because the lip 40 presents a relatively soft contact with the child's head, the cup portion 20a may be molded of a relatively rigid material without compromising the safety, comfort, or performance of the extractor.
  • the rigid cup portion 20a may be fabricated initially, and the soft lip portion 40 then molded thereto in a secondary molding operation.
  • projections may be provided along surfaces of the rigid cup portion 20a.
  • an annular projection 50 is provided along the outer surface of the cup portion 20a, and two annular projections 52, 54 are provided along the inside wall of the cup portion 20a.
  • the force distribution ridges 138 can be arranged directly on the inside surface of the cup 112 as shown in FIG. 4. More particularly, as shown in FIG. 4, the force distribution ridges 138 are formed or molded directly into the inside surface of the side wall 120 of the cup 112. Additionally, in the embodiment of the extractor 110 shown in FIG. 4, the cup 112 includes three concentric annular force distribution ridges 138a, b, c axially spaced a short distance from one another along the inside surface of the side wall 120 of the cup. As with the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1-3, the first ridge 138a is arranged at or adjacent the distal edge 16 of the cup 112. Of course, those skilled in the art will appreciate that the cup can include any number of multiple ridges.
  • the cup embodiment in FIG. 4 includes a protrusion 124 along the outer surface 121 of the cup 112 having a through-hole 122 to which a traction cord (not shown) may be coupled for manipulation by the physician. Vacuum is provided to the interior of the cup 112 via an opening 128 in the cup side wall 120.
  • the present invention provides a obstetrical vacuum extractor which distributes the forces which result from operation of the extractor over a greater area of the child's head than currently available vacuum extractors, thereby substantially reducing the potential for injury.
  • the plurality of force distribution ridges have smooth rounded configurations which eliminate sharp edges and pinch points which may cause abrasion or injury to the child or mother.
  • the cups may be readily fabricated from conventional molding techniques.
  • U.S. Patent 5,713,909 discloses a bell-shaped cup with a sleeve which includes a flange extending radially inward over a portion of the bottom end of the cup.
  • radially disposed annual force distribution ridges may be provided along the outer surface of the flange which extends radially inward, as illustrated in FIG. 9.
  • annular force distribution ridges may be provided along the outer surface of the cup, provided the outer surface contacts the child's head.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Surgery (AREA)
  • Gynecology & Obstetrics (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
  • Reproductive Health (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Pregnancy & Childbirth (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Medical Informatics (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Table Devices Or Equipment (AREA)

Abstract

Cette invention concerne un extracteur obstétrical (10) qui se place sur la tête de l'enfant à naître pendant l'accouchement. Cet extracteur (10) comprend une ventouse (12) dont la paroi latérale (20) définit une cavité intérieure creuse. Cette paroi (20) présente un bord qui définit l'ouverture de la ventouse. La ventouse (12) comprend en outre une ouverture d'aspiration (28)qui communique avec la cavité intérieure et qui est conçue pour être branchée sur une source de vide. Plusieurs rebords de distribution annulaires espacées axialement (38a, 38b) et disposées sur la paroi de la coiffe à vide (12) viennent en contact avec la tête de l'enfant, formant joint et augmentant la surface sur laquelle s'exercent les forces développées par la mise en marche de l'extracteur.
PCT/US2000/018562 1999-07-09 2000-07-06 Extracteur obstetrical WO2001003590A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU57881/00A AU5788100A (en) 1999-07-09 2000-07-06 Obstetrical vacuum extractor cup

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US35044299A 1999-07-09 1999-07-09
US09/350,442 1999-07-09

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2001003590A1 true WO2001003590A1 (fr) 2001-01-18

Family

ID=23376743

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/US2000/018562 WO2001003590A1 (fr) 1999-07-09 2000-07-06 Extracteur obstetrical

Country Status (2)

Country Link
AU (1) AU5788100A (fr)
WO (1) WO2001003590A1 (fr)

Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE840885C (de) * 1950-03-28 1952-06-09 Rudolf Dr Med Koerber Verfahren und Geraet zur Erfassung und Bewegung des kindlichen Koerpers waehrend der Geburt
US3202152A (en) 1963-03-08 1965-08-24 John F Wood Vacuum extractor for childbirth
US5019086A (en) 1989-09-12 1991-05-28 Neward Theodore C Manipulable vacuum extractor for childbirth and method of using the same
US5163944A (en) 1991-08-09 1992-11-17 Neward Theodore C Obstetrical vacuum extractor
DE4139695A1 (de) * 1991-12-02 1993-06-03 King Siegfried Vakuum-extraktor
US5281299A (en) 1991-07-05 1994-01-25 Institut Max Von Laue Method for manufacturing a crystal with a lattice parameter gradient
US5693058A (en) 1995-06-09 1997-12-02 Cavanagh; Alexander J. M. Obstetric vacuum extractor
US5713909A (en) 1997-01-14 1998-02-03 Lindsay; Richard G. Vacuum extractor
US5935136A (en) 1997-05-09 1999-08-10 Pristech, Inc. Obstetrical vacuum extractor cup with soft molded lip
WO1999058071A1 (fr) * 1998-05-08 1999-11-18 William Dean Wallace Ventouse obstetricale manuelle equipee d'une pompe et d'une poignee integrees

Patent Citations (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE840885C (de) * 1950-03-28 1952-06-09 Rudolf Dr Med Koerber Verfahren und Geraet zur Erfassung und Bewegung des kindlichen Koerpers waehrend der Geburt
US3202152A (en) 1963-03-08 1965-08-24 John F Wood Vacuum extractor for childbirth
US5019086A (en) 1989-09-12 1991-05-28 Neward Theodore C Manipulable vacuum extractor for childbirth and method of using the same
US5281299A (en) 1991-07-05 1994-01-25 Institut Max Von Laue Method for manufacturing a crystal with a lattice parameter gradient
US5163944A (en) 1991-08-09 1992-11-17 Neward Theodore C Obstetrical vacuum extractor
US5281229A (en) * 1991-08-09 1994-01-25 Neward Theodore C Obstetrical vacuum extractor
DE4139695A1 (de) * 1991-12-02 1993-06-03 King Siegfried Vakuum-extraktor
US5693058A (en) 1995-06-09 1997-12-02 Cavanagh; Alexander J. M. Obstetric vacuum extractor
US5713909A (en) 1997-01-14 1998-02-03 Lindsay; Richard G. Vacuum extractor
US5935136A (en) 1997-05-09 1999-08-10 Pristech, Inc. Obstetrical vacuum extractor cup with soft molded lip
WO1999058071A1 (fr) * 1998-05-08 1999-11-18 William Dean Wallace Ventouse obstetricale manuelle equipee d'une pompe et d'une poignee integrees

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU5788100A (en) 2001-01-30

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