WO2001074535A9 - Courroie abrasive de polissage linaire fixee et systeme utilisant une telle courroie - Google Patents
Courroie abrasive de polissage linaire fixee et systeme utilisant une telle courroieInfo
- Publication number
- WO2001074535A9 WO2001074535A9 PCT/US2001/009870 US0109870W WO0174535A9 WO 2001074535 A9 WO2001074535 A9 WO 2001074535A9 US 0109870 W US0109870 W US 0109870W WO 0174535 A9 WO0174535 A9 WO 0174535A9
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- belt
- support layer
- polymeric
- polishing
- abrasive material
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000003082 abrasive agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000004820 Pressure-sensitive adhesive Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 abstract description 36
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 abstract description 10
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000013047 polymeric layer Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 235000012431 wafers Nutrition 0.000 description 35
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 7
- -1 nitrides compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000005060 rubber Substances 0.000 description 5
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052582 BN Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- PZNSFCLAULLKQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron nitride Chemical compound N#B PZNSFCLAULLKQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butadiene Chemical compound C=CC=C KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001413 cellular effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003760 hair shine Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920000058 polyacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 2
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- DURPTKYDGMDSBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-butoxybutane Chemical compound CCCCOCCCC DURPTKYDGMDSBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DXPPIEDUBFUSEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-methylheptyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(C)CCCCCOC(=O)C=C DXPPIEDUBFUSEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RSWGJHLUYNHPMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Abietic-Saeure Natural products C12CCC(C(C)C)=CC2=CCC2C1(C)CCCC2(C)C(O)=O RSWGJHLUYNHPMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002126 Acrylic acid copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylonitrile Chemical compound C=CC#N NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052580 B4C Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 244000043261 Hevea brasiliensis Species 0.000 description 1
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000459 Nitrile rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002396 Polyurea Polymers 0.000 description 1
- KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-HUOMCSJISA-N Rosin Natural products O(C/C=C/c1ccccc1)[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-HUOMCSJISA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052581 Si3N4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QYKIQEUNHZKYBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl ether Chemical class C=COC=C QYKIQEUNHZKYBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YKTSYUJCYHOUJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O--].[Al+3].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] Chemical compound [O--].[Al+3].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] YKTSYUJCYHOUJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920006243 acrylic copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920000180 alkyd Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004760 aramid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006231 aramid fiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910021418 black silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- INAHAJYZKVIDIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N boron carbide Chemical compound B12B3B4C32B41 INAHAJYZKVIDIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000378 calcium silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052918 calcium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OYACROKNLOSFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;dioxido(oxo)silane Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-][Si]([O-])=O OYACROKNLOSFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- ZMIGMASIKSOYAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium Chemical compound [Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce] ZMIGMASIKSOYAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003750 conditioning effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910003460 diamond Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005670 electromagnetic radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000003700 epoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920002313 fluoropolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004811 fluoropolymer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001746 injection moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920003049 isoprene rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004816 latex Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000126 latex Polymers 0.000 description 1
- HCWCAKKEBCNQJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium orthosilicate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Mg+2].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] HCWCAKKEBCNQJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000391 magnesium silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052919 magnesium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019792 magnesium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000005395 methacrylic acid group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229920003052 natural elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001194 natural rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000037361 pathway Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007517 polishing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001485 poly(butyl acrylate) polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002857 polybutadiene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012783 reinforcing fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000004760 silicates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon nitride Chemical compound N12[Si]34N5[Si]62N3[Si]51N64 HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003051 synthetic elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005061 synthetic rubber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tantalum atom Chemical compound [Ta] GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-cinnamyl beta-D-glucopyranoside Natural products OC1C(O)C(O)C(CO)OC1OCC=CC1=CC=CC=C1 KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MTPVUVINMAGMJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethyl(1,1,2,2,2-pentafluoroethyl)silane Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F MTPVUVINMAGMJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 1
- UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten carbide Chemical compound [W+]#[C-] UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B37/00—Lapping machines or devices; Accessories
- B24B37/11—Lapping tools
- B24B37/20—Lapping pads for working plane surfaces
- B24B37/24—Lapping pads for working plane surfaces characterised by the composition or properties of the pad materials
- B24B37/245—Pads with fixed abrasives
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24D—TOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
- B24D11/00—Constructional features of flexible abrasive materials; Special features in the manufacture of such materials
- B24D11/02—Backings, e.g. foils, webs, mesh fabrics
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B21/00—Machines or devices using grinding or polishing belts; Accessories therefor
- B24B21/04—Machines or devices using grinding or polishing belts; Accessories therefor for grinding plane surfaces
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B37/00—Lapping machines or devices; Accessories
- B24B37/11—Lapping tools
- B24B37/20—Lapping pads for working plane surfaces
- B24B37/26—Lapping pads for working plane surfaces characterised by the shape of the lapping pad surface, e.g. grooved
Definitions
- the present invention relates generally to equipment for processing semiconductor wafers. More particularly, the present invention relates to a fixed abrasive polishing belt and an associated linear polisher for chemical mechanical polishing of semiconductor wafers.
- CMP Chemical mechanical polishing
- a semiconductor wafer is supported face down against a moving polishing pad.
- Two types of polishing or planarizing apparatus are commonly used.
- rotary planarizing technology a wafer is secured on a chuck and is brought into contact with a polishing surface.
- the polishing surface may include a fixed abrasive for contacting and polishing the wafers.
- Use of fixed abrasive polishing pads typically requires a subpad in order to achieve the desired planarization property and to control the polishing pressure distribution across the wafer surface.
- An example of a fixed abrasive pad useful in a rotary planarization system is disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 5,692,950, issued to Rutherford, et al. In that patent, the fixed abrasive material is adhered to the rigid layer (e.g., polycarbonate), which then is adhered to a soft resilient layer, such as a foam.
- the rigid layer e.g., polycarbonate
- linear planarizing technology In a second type of planarization technology, called linear planarizing technology, an endless belt travels over two or more rollers. The wafer is placed against the moving polishing surface of the belt.
- An example of such a system is the TeresTM CMP System manufactured by Lam Research Corporation, Fremont, California, which is disclosed in U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,692,947, 5,762,536, and 5,871,390, and in commonly assigned co-pending U.S. App. Serial No. 09/386,741 , entitled "Unsupported Chemical Mechanical Polishing Belt, " filed
- an improved polishing belt for a chemical mechanical planarization (CMP) system is formed from a fixed abrasive material attached to a top surface of an endless loop support layer.
- the endless layer can be any suitable polymeric material having sufficient strength, durability and flexibility.
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the linear chemical mechanical polishing system according to a preferred embodiment of the invention
- FIG. 2 is a side view of the system of FIG. 1 ;
- FIG. 3 is a side view of a first embodiment of a belt for use in the system of
- FIG. 1 A first figure.
- FIG. 4 is a side view of a second embodiment of a belt for use in the system of FIG. 1;
- FIG. 5 is an exploded perspective view of a belt for use in the system of FIG. 1.
- CMP chemical mechanical polishing or planarization
- the system 100 includes an endless belt 102 tensioned between a first roller 104 and a second roller 106.
- the system 100 also includes a platen 108, a polishing head 110, and a wafer carrier 118 within the polishing head 110.
- the system 100 in the illustrated embodiment is adapted for planarization of semiconductor wafers such as the semiconductor wafer 116.
- the operative principles embodied in the system 100 may be applied to ehemical mechanical polishing of other workpieces as well.
- the rollers 104, 106 are mounted on spindles 105, 107, respectively.
- the rollers 104, 106 include roller pads 144, 146 and are spaced to retain the belt 102 and move the belt 102 to permit linear planarization of the wafer 116.
- the rollers 104, 106 are turned by activation of spindle 105 or spindle 107 by, for example, an electric motor (not shown) in the direction indicated by the arrow 122.
- the rollers 104, 106 thus form a transport means for moving the belt in a continuous loop past the workpiece, wafer 116.
- Other transport means include combinations of wheels, pulleys and tensioning devices which maintain proper tension on the belt 102, along with their associated drive elements such as electric motors and mechanical linkages.
- Operational parameters such as the speed and tension of the belt 102 are controlled through the rollers 104, 106 by a controller (not shown).
- the controller may include a processor or other computing device which operates in response to data and instructions stored in an associated memory. Operation and control of the system 100 is more fully described in U.S. Patent Nos. 5,692,947, 5,762,536, and 5,871,390 referred to above.
- the wafer 116 is mounted on the polishing head 110.
- the wafer 116 may be mounted and retained in place by vacuum force or by any other suitable mechanical technique.
- the polishing head 110 is mounted on an arm and is movable to an extent under control of the controller.
- the polishing head 110 applies a polishing pressure to the wafer 116 against the belt 102.
- the polishing pressure is indicated in FIG. 1 by the arrow 126.
- the platen 108 is located opposite the polishing head 110 below the wafer 116.
- the belt 102 passes between the front surface 117 of the wafer 116 and the platen 108.
- the platen 108 applies pressure to the belt 102, for example by direct contact with the belt 102 or by supplying pressurized air or water to the underside of the belt.
- the platen 108 is arranged to apply pressure in controllable zones or areas of the platen 108 under control of the controller (not shown).
- the zones may be arranged radially on the surface of the platen 108. This controlled application of pressure through the platen 108 allows the belt 102 to polish uniformly across the surface 117 of the wafer 116.
- a dispenser 112 dispenses a liquid agent or slurry 113 onto the belt 102.
- the liquid or slurry 113 is an important component of the chemical mechanical polishing process.
- the exact components of the slurry are chosen based on the material to be polished or planarized. For example, the slurry components for planarizing a silicon dioxide layer on the surface 117 of the wafer 116 will differ from the slurry components for planarizing a metal layer on the surface 117.
- the slurry components appropriate for a tungsten metal layer will be different from the components for a copper layer.
- the liquid or slurry 113 does not include any loose abrasive components.
- the system optionally includes a conditioner 115 that treats the surface of the belt 102 to keep the belt's roughness or abrasiveness relatively constant. As the belt 102 planarizes or polishes the wafer 116, there is some deposit of the material removed from the wafer 116 on the surface of the belt 102.
- the conditioner 115 cleans and roughens the surface of the belt 102.
- a preferred conditioner is disclosed in co-pending U.S. App. Ser. No. 09/188,779, entitled “Method and Apparatus for Conditioning a Polishing Pad Used in Chemical Mechanical Planarization,” filed November 9, 1998, the entire disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference.
- the belt 102 is preferably an endless loop fixed abrasive polishing belt with no supplementary reinforcing or supporting components such as stainless steel, reinforcing fibers or fabric.
- FIG. 3 is a schematic side-view of a portion of a first embodiment of the belt 102.
- the belt 102 includes a fixed abrasive material 201 substantially coextensive with a top surface of a support layer 205, which is in the form of an endless loop (as shown in FIGURES 1 & 2).
- the fixed abrasive material provides the surface for polishing the front surface 117 of wafer 116, and the support layer 205 provides the mechanical strength for mounting, tensioning and tracking the belt on the rollers 104, 106.
- the support layer 205 is preferably manufactured of a single, substantially uniform layer of polymeric material, by a process such as hot cast molding.
- the polymeric material is of a substantially uniform thickness and structure.
- the belt 102 is manufactured without reinforcing or supporting layers or supporting components, such as aramid fibers, fabric or backing materials such as stainless steel.
- the fixed abrasive material may be any suitable abrasive known in the art.
- the abrasive material will be an aggregate of abrasive particles.
- the abrasive materials include, but are not limited to, particles of oxide compounds, such as oxides of cerium, silicone, aluminum, tantalum, and manganese; carbide compounds, such as black silicon carbide, green silicon carbide, boron carbide, tungsten carbide, titanium carbide, diamond; nitrides compounds such as silicon nitride, cubic boron nitride, hexagonal boron nitride; and mixtures thereof.
- Especially preferred abrasive materials are those disclosed in U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,692,950 and 5,958,794, both of which are incorporated herein by reference in their entireties.
- the abrasive material preferably has a thickness of about 10-100 micrometers, and more particularly, about 30-70 micrometers.
- the size of the abrasive particles making up the abrasive material depends in part upon the particular composition of the abrasive material and any liquid used during the process. Abrasive particles having an average particle size no greater than about 5 micrometers are preferred. Even more preferred are abrasive articles in which the average abrasive particle size is no greater than 1 micrometer. In a most preferred embodiment, the particle size is about 30-70 nanometers.
- the abrasive particles may have a Mohs hardness value no greater than about 8.
- the abrasive particles may be used in combination with filler particles.
- preferred filler particles include carbonates (e.g., calcium carbonate), silicates (e.g., magnesium silicate, aluminum silicate, calcium silicate, and combinations thereof), and combinations thereof.
- Plastic filler particles may also be used.
- the abrasive particles preferably are resistant to the liquid medium such that their physical properties do not substantially degrade upon exposure to the liquid medium.
- abrasive materials that include a plurality of abrasive composites arranged in the form of a pre-determined pattern. At least some of the composites may be precisely shaped abrasive composites. All of the composites preferably have substantially the same height. The composite height preferably is no greater than about 100 microns. Moreover, the abrasive article preferably includes at least about 1,200 composites per square centimeter of surface area.
- substantially all of the abrasive composites have substantially the same shape.
- representative shapes include cubic, cylindrical, prismatic, rectangular, pyramidal, truncated pyramidal, conical, truncated conical, cross, post-like with a flat top surface, and hemispherical shapes, as well as combinations thereof.
- the abrasive composites are preferably spaced apart from each other. For example, they may be provided in the form of elongated ridges spaced apart from each other (such that a channel forms between a pair of composites.
- the support layer 203 can be any suitable polymeric material with sufficient strength, flexibility, and durability, and includes a wide range of rubbers and plastics.
- Particularly preferred rubbers and plastics include, but are not limited to, polyurethanes, polyureas, polyesters, polyethers, epoxies, polyamides, polycarbonates, polyetheylenes, polypropylenes, fluoropolymers, vinyl polymers, acrylic and methacrylic polymers, silicones, latexes, nitrile rubbers, isoprene rubbers, butadiene rubbers, and various copolymers of styrene, butadiene, and acrylonitrile.
- the polymeric material can be thermoset or thermoplastic, and solid cellular.
- a solid layer is preferably uniformly solid throughout its length and cross section.
- the cells can be open or closed and can be formed by any suitable means, including but not limited to blowing, expansion, frothing, and inclusion of hollow microelements.
- the polymeric material is a microcellular polyurethane having cells or voids on the order of 0.1 to 1000 micrometers in size.
- the belt should be sufficiently elastic to maintain tension during use, i.e., not to relax and loosen during use. The belt may be expected to operate at temperatures ranging from -60 to +150 °C.
- Especially preferred polymeric support layer include a SCAPA ® belt, manufactured by SCAPA Precision Belts of Salem, New Jersey, and the IC-1000 pad manufactured by Rodel, Inc., of Newark, Delaware.
- the fixed abrasive material 201 is attached to the support layer 205 by any suitable attachment material 203.
- the preferred attachment material 203 is a pressure sensitive adhesive (e.g., in the form of a film or tape).
- pressure sensitive adhesives suitable for this purpose include those based on latex crepe, rosin, acrylic polymers and copolymers (e.g., polybutylacrylate and other polyacrylate esters), vinyl ethers (e.g., polyvinyl n- butyl ether), alkyd adhesives, rubber adhesives (e.g., natural rubber, synthetic rubber, chlorinated rubber), and mixtures thereof.
- One preferred pressure sensitive adhesive is an isooctylacrylate:acrylic acid copolymer.
- the pressure sensitive adhesive is preferably laminated or coated onto the back side of the abrasive article using conventional techniques.
- the support layer 203 is formed of a single layer of polymeric material, such as a polyurethane.
- the belt 102 can have multiple layers.
- a second layer or even a third layer can be combined with the polymeric support layer.
- the additional layers can be made of any suitable polymeric material including rubbers or plastics. By putting a softer sublayer beneath the harder support layer increases the overall rigidity of the belt 102 but still allows enough softness so that the polishing layer can flex to conform to the surface of the wafer 116, and to be able to bend around rollers 104, 106.
- the polishing performance of the belt 102 can be tailored to the workpiece or to the CMP system.
- FIG. 4 illustrates an alternative embodiment of the belt having multiple sublayers.
- the belt 402 includes a fixed abrasive material 401 attached by an attachment material 403 to a support layer 405. Suitable fixed abrasive materials, attachment materials, and polymeric materials are the same as those already described.
- a bottom side of the support layer 405 is attached to polymeric sublayer 407.
- the polymeric sublayer 407 generally is any polymeric material that is softer and more porous than the polymeric support layer 403. Suitable materials for the polymeric sublayer 407 generally include polymeric foams.
- An especially preferred sublayer is the Thomas West Pad 817 manufactured by Thomas West, Inc., of Sunnyvale, California.
- the bottom side of the polymeric layer is in turn attached to a stainless steel layer 409. Because the second sublayer is a soft, highly porous polymeric material, it allows the belt to maintain the flexibility needed to ride around the rollers without being damaged, while at the same time providing the durability associated with a steel belt.
- the belts can have any suitable dimensions necessary for effective operation. Different polishing tools may require different belt lengths. Different workpiece sizes may require different belt widths. Also, different types of polishing may require different overall thicknesses and different relative thicknesses of multiple layers. Either the top or bottom surfaces of the belt can be convex or concave or otherwise shaped to match the profile of the workpiece being polished or to match the rollers or supporting structures below the belt.
- Exemplary dimensions for the belt 102 include a thickness of 0.020 - 0.200 inch and a nominal inner length of 90 - 110 inches.
- the belts are sized for use with the TeresTM CMP system available from Lam
- the edges of the belts may be smooth, textured, or patterned.
- the edges may contain holes or other physical features that serve a functional purpose, such as aiding in alignment and tracking of the belt in use or such as aiding in triggering or counting.
- the edges of the belts and any related features may be formed during molding or may be created in a secondary manufacturing operation such as cutting, drilling, lathing or punching.
- FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a portion of the belt 102.
- a viewing hole 502 has been cut in the belt 102 to expose a portion of the workpiece, wafer 116 (see FIG. 1) during polishing.
- a trigger hole 504 has been formed in the belt 102 and is associated with the viewing hole 502.
- the holes are useful for allowing slurry transport or for optically monitoring the condition of the workpiece during polishing.
- the chemical mechanical polishing system 100 of FIG. 1 includes a monitoring system 135 (see FIG. 2).
- the monitoring system 135 persistently or periodically shines light on the belt 102.
- the trigger hole 504 engages a sensor (not shown) to indicate to the monitoring system 135 that the viewing hole is present.
- the monitoring system 135 shines light or other energy on the belt 102 in the vicinity of the viewing hole 502 and also measures the light or other energy reflected back from the viewing hole. By measuring the energy and its variation, the measuring system can provide an indication of the polishing progress of the CMP system 100.
- the trigger hole 504 may be placed with any suitable relation to the viewing hole 502. Further, a plurality of viewing holes such as the viewing hole 502 may be formed in the belt. Additional holes increases the acquisition frequency or number of data samples collected per revolution of the belt 102.
- the belt 102 can have various depressions or protuberances.
- the belt 102 or certain areas of the belt 102 may be transparent to electromagnetic radiation or may be affixed with membranes or sheets or plugs that serve as transparent widows or optical pathways for use in monitoring the condition of the workpiece during polishing.
- an optically clear panel 506 is positioned over the viewing hole 502.
- the belt may contain any of various types of sensors that may be used to monitor conditions of the belt, slurry, and workpiece during polishing.
- the belts of the present invention can be made by any suitable manufacturing method. Examples of methods include but are not limited to extrusion, injection molding, hot casting, pressing, rotation ⁇ molding, and centrifugal molding.
- a belt with multiple layers can be made by directly forming one layer to the next, as noted above. While a particular embodiment of the present invention has been shown and described, modifications may be made. It is therefore intended in the appended claims to cover all such changes and modifications which follow in the true spirit and scope of the invention.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Finish Polishing, Edge Sharpening, And Grinding By Specific Grinding Devices (AREA)
- Mechanical Treatment Of Semiconductor (AREA)
- Polishing Bodies And Polishing Tools (AREA)
Abstract
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2001572258A JP2003529456A (ja) | 2000-03-31 | 2001-03-28 | 固定研磨材線形研磨ベルトおよびそれを用いる装置 |
KR1020027012755A KR20020086707A (ko) | 2000-03-31 | 2001-03-28 | 고정연마제 선형 연마벨트 및 그것을 이용하는 시스템 |
AU2001249530A AU2001249530A1 (en) | 2000-03-31 | 2001-03-28 | Fixed abrasive linear polishing belt and system using the same |
EP01922765A EP1268130A1 (fr) | 2000-03-31 | 2001-03-28 | Courroie abrasive de polissage linaire fixee et systeme utilisant une telle courroie |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US54081000A | 2000-03-31 | 2000-03-31 | |
US09/540,810 | 2000-03-31 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2001074535A1 WO2001074535A1 (fr) | 2001-10-11 |
WO2001074535A9 true WO2001074535A9 (fr) | 2003-10-23 |
Family
ID=24157029
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/US2001/009870 WO2001074535A1 (fr) | 2000-03-31 | 2001-03-28 | Courroie abrasive de polissage linaire fixee et systeme utilisant une telle courroie |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1268130A1 (fr) |
JP (1) | JP2003529456A (fr) |
KR (1) | KR20020086707A (fr) |
AU (1) | AU2001249530A1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2001074535A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US7066801B2 (en) * | 2003-02-21 | 2006-06-27 | Dow Global Technologies, Inc. | Method of manufacturing a fixed abrasive material |
JP2005059159A (ja) * | 2003-08-15 | 2005-03-10 | Tkx:Kk | 研磨ベルト |
JP4939129B2 (ja) * | 2006-07-05 | 2012-05-23 | 東京エレクトロン株式会社 | プローブの研磨部材、プローブの研磨方法、プローブカード及びプローブ装置 |
CN103381573B (zh) * | 2013-05-27 | 2016-08-10 | 河南科技学院 | 一种SiC单晶片研磨工序用固结磨料化学机械研磨盘 |
KR101942251B1 (ko) * | 2016-11-25 | 2019-04-11 | 주식회사 케이씨텍 | 기판 처리 장치 |
GB2557952B (en) * | 2016-12-16 | 2022-06-15 | Zeeko Innovations Ltd | Methods and apparatus for shaping workpieces |
KR102355116B1 (ko) * | 2017-04-03 | 2022-01-26 | 주식회사 케이씨텍 | 슬러리 노즐 및 이를 구비하는 기판 연마 장치 |
KR102532246B1 (ko) * | 2017-11-21 | 2023-05-15 | 주식회사 케이씨텍 | 기판 처리 장치 |
KR102100130B1 (ko) * | 2018-04-02 | 2020-04-20 | 주식회사 케이씨텍 | 기판 처리 장치 |
Family Cites Families (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5958794A (en) * | 1995-09-22 | 1999-09-28 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Method of modifying an exposed surface of a semiconductor wafer |
US6736714B2 (en) * | 1997-07-30 | 2004-05-18 | Praxair S.T. Technology, Inc. | Polishing silicon wafers |
US6039633A (en) * | 1998-10-01 | 2000-03-21 | Micron Technology, Inc. | Method and apparatus for mechanical and chemical-mechanical planarization of microelectronic-device substrate assemblies |
US6634929B1 (en) * | 1999-04-23 | 2003-10-21 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Method for grinding glass |
US20020090819A1 (en) * | 1999-08-31 | 2002-07-11 | Cangshan Xu | Windowless belt and method for improved in-situ wafer monitoring |
-
2001
- 2001-03-28 JP JP2001572258A patent/JP2003529456A/ja active Pending
- 2001-03-28 EP EP01922765A patent/EP1268130A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
- 2001-03-28 WO PCT/US2001/009870 patent/WO2001074535A1/fr not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2001-03-28 AU AU2001249530A patent/AU2001249530A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2001-03-28 KR KR1020027012755A patent/KR20020086707A/ko not_active Withdrawn
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP1268130A1 (fr) | 2003-01-02 |
KR20020086707A (ko) | 2002-11-18 |
AU2001249530A1 (en) | 2001-10-15 |
JP2003529456A (ja) | 2003-10-07 |
WO2001074535A1 (fr) | 2001-10-11 |
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