WO2001073222A1

WO2001073222A1 - Work machine report creating method, creating system, and creating apparatus

Info

Publication number: WO2001073222A1
Application number: PCT/JP2001/002811
Authority: WO
Inventors: Hiroyuki Adachi; Toichi Hirata; Genroku Sugiyama; Hiroshi Watanabe; Shuichi Miura; Koji Mitsuya; Yoshiaki Saito; Atsushi Sato
Original assignee: Hitachi Construction Machinery Co.,Ltd.
Priority date: 2000-03-31
Filing date: 2001-03-30
Publication date: 2001-10-04
Also published as: JP3836726B2

Abstract

The states of portions of a work machine are measured. State signals representing the measured states are sent and received. A report describing the states of the portions of the work machine is written on the basis of the received state signals. Therefore the operator does not need to write a report describing the states of the work machine. Reports in various formats can be automatically created on the basis of the state signals, and therefore the report creation efficiency and report reliability are improved.

Description

Specification

Work machine report creation method, creation system and creation device

The present invention creates a report indicating the status of each part of the working machine by grasping the state of the engine, hydraulic pump, hydraulic motor, and other movable mechanisms and parts of the working machine such as construction machines at a remote place. And a creating system and a creating apparatus. Background art

For example, hydraulic excavators and crane (hereinafter referred to as construction equipment) are composed of multiple parts, and each part requires maintenance and inspection at predetermined time intervals. Conventionally, operators have created documents called daily reports that describe the status of each part of work equipment in order to check the status of construction machinery on a daily basis. The maintenance time and other information are ascertained based on the daily report. Disclosure of the invention

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide a work machine report creation method, a creation system and a creation system for creating a report indicating the status of each part of the work machine based on a state signal detected by the work machine such as a construction machine. It is to provide a device.

In the present invention, a status signal transmitted from the work machine and indicating the state of each section of the work machine is received, and a report indicating the status of each section of the work machine is created based on the received state signal.

Further, in the present invention, the state of each part of the work machine is detected, a state signal representing the detected state is transmitted, the state signal is received, and the state of each part of the work machine is indicated based on the received state signal. Create a report.

According to such an invention, various types of reports can be automatically generated based on the status signal, so that the operator does not need to create a report describing the status of the work machine. It also improves report creation efficiency and report reliability.

The report should include at least information on the operating hours and fuel consumption of each part of the work equipment. Can be included. The operating time includes running operating time, turning operating time, and excavating operating time. The information on fuel consumption includes at least one of the actual fuel consumption during the operation and the fuel consumption at no load. If a report is created at a work equipment monitoring facility installed at a different location from the work equipment, the administrator of the work equipment, such as the management department of a construction company or civil engineering company, or a rental contractor, can manage the work equipment. The situation can be grasped accurately and quickly. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an operating state of a hydraulic shovel to which a working machine report creation method according to the present invention is applied.

Figure 2 shows an example of a hydraulic excavator

Figure 3 shows an example of the hydraulic circuit of a hydraulic excavator

Fig. 4 is a block diagram illustrating an example of the configuration of a controller of the excavator. Fig. 5 is a diagram illustrating details of a sensor group of the excavator.

Figure 6 is a diagram explaining the storage device of the excavator

FIG. 7 is a flowchart showing an example of a procedure for calculating a travel operation time and the like.

FIG. 8 is a flowchart showing an example of a routine transmission processing procedure of the excavator.

FIG. 9 is a flowchart showing an example of a processing procedure of the excavator for detecting an alarm or a failure. FIG. 10 is a diagram showing an example of data transmitted from the excavator.

Figure 11 is a block diagram showing an example of a hardware configuration for information management in a base station.

Figure 12 is a flowchart showing an example of the processing procedure in the base station.

Fig. 13 is a diagram illustrating data summarized for each excavator unit.

Fig. 14 is a diagram illustrating data collected by service factory.

Figure 15 is a block diagram showing an example of a hardware configuration for coasting information management in a service factory.

Fig. 16 is a flowchart showing an example of the processing procedure in a service factory.

Figure 17 is a flowchart showing an example of the processing procedure in a service factory.

Figure 18 shows an example of a daily report output at a service factory. Figures 19A to 19C show examples of scheduled maintenance output at a service factory.

Fig. 20 A shows running load frequency distribution

Figure 20B shows the frequency distribution of excavation load

Figure 21 is a diagram illustrating the schedule for providing efficient patrol services.

Figure 22 shows the serviceman's calendar

Figures 23A and 23B show engine operating time distributions.

Fig. 24 is a flow chart showing an example of the procedure for calculating the fuel consumption for the operating time along with the driving operation time.

Figure 25 shows another example of connecting a radio base station, a hydraulic excavator manufacturing factory, and a service factory via a communication line.

FIG. 26 is a diagram showing a system configuration in a hydraulic excavator manufacturing plant.

A case where the present invention is applied to a method of creating a daily report of a hydraulic shovel will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 1 is a diagram for explaining the operation status of a hydraulic shovel to which the daily report creation method according to the present invention is applied. In other words, multiple hydraulic excavators are operating in multiple work areas A, B, and C, respectively. Excavator a in area A ~ An, excavators b1 ~ bn force ³ 'in district B, and excavators c1 ~ cn in district C, respectively. Districts A, B, and C are geographically separated rather than at the same work site. In this embodiment, the state of each part of each excavator is detected, and the detected signal is received by the base station BC via the communication satellite CS. The base station BC transmits the received signal to the appropriate service factory SF1 to SFn using the general public switched telephone network PC. In the service factories SF1 to SFn, based on the received signals, a daily report as described later is created, a failure is diagnosed, and a schedule for a traveling service is created. Each excavator is equipped with a GPS receiver and can receive signals from the GPS satellite GS to calculate the current location. This current location information is transmitted to the service factory SF via the base station BC together with signals from various parts of the excavator, and the service shop SF can recognize the operating area of each excavator. The hydraulic excavator is configured as shown in Fig. 2. The hydraulic excavator has a traveling body 81 and a revolving body 82 pivotally connected to an upper portion of the traveling body 81. The revolving unit 82 is provided with a cab 83, a working device 84, an engine 85, and a revolving motor 86. The working device 84 is boom BM rotatably attached to the main body of the revolving unit 82, an arm AM rotatably connected to the boom BM, and rotatably connected to the arm AM. It consists of an attachment, for example, a bucket BK. The boom BM is raised and lowered by the boom cylinder C1, the arm AM is subjected to a cloud and a dump operation by the arm cylinder C2, and the bucket BK is a cloud and a dump operation by the bucket cylinder C3. Is performed. The traveling body 81 is provided with left and right traveling hydraulic motors 87, 88.

Fig. 3 shows the outline of the hydraulic circuit of the hydraulic excavator. The engine 85 drives the hydraulic pump 2. The pressure oil discharged from the hydraulic pump 2 is controlled by a plurality of control valves 3 s, 3 tr, 3 tl, 3 b, 3 a, and 3 bk to control the direction and amount of oil. 6. Drive the left and right traveling hydraulic motors 87, 8 8, and the hydraulic cylinders C1, C2, C3. The plurality of control valves 3 s, 3 tr, 3 t 1, 3 b, 3 a and 3 bk are respectively connected to the corresponding plurality of pilot valves 4 s, 4 tr, 4 tl, 4 b, 4 a and 4 bk. Switching is performed by the supplied pilot pressure. No ,. The pilot valves 4 s, 4 tr, 4 t 1, 4 b, 4 a, and 4 bk are supplied with pilot pressure of a predetermined pressure from the pilot hydraulic pump 5, and the operating levers 4 Ls, 4 Ltr , 4Ltl, 4Lb, 4La, 4bk Output pilot pressure according to the manipulated variable. Multiple control valves 3s, 3tr, 3t1, 3b, 3a and 3bk are combined into one valve block. In addition, a plurality of pilot valves 4s, 4tr, 4t1, 4b, 4a, and 4bk are also integrated in one valve block.

FIG. 4 is a block diagram of a control system for detecting and transmitting the state of each part of the excavator. The hydraulic excavator is equipped with a sensor group 10 having a plurality of sensors for detecting the states of the above-described components, and a state detection signal output from the sensor group 10 is sent to the controller 20 at a predetermined timing. Is read. The controller 20 is a timer for accumulating the running operation time, the turning operation time, and the front (digging) operation time. It has function 20a. The controller 20 calculates the traveling operation time, the turning operation time, and the front operation time based on the read state detection signal. These calculated operation times are stored in the storage device 21. The hydraulic shovel also has a key switch 22 for starting the engine 85 and an parameter 23 for measuring the operating time of the engine 85.

The hydraulic excavator is equipped with a GPS receiver 24. The GPS receiver 24 receives the GPS signal from the GPS satellite GS, calculates the position of the excavator based on the GPS signal, and outputs the calculated position to the controller 20. The driver's seat of the excavator is provided with a monitor 25 for displaying various information.

The controller 20 has a clock function 20b, and can recognize the ON time, the OFF time, the engine start time, and the engine stop time of the key switch 22. These times are also stored in the storage device 21. The measured value of the parameter 23 is also read by the controller 20 at a predetermined evening, and is stored in the storage device 21. The running time, the turning time, the front operation time, the key switch-on time, and the like stored in the storage device 21 are transmitted via the transmitter 30 at a predetermined timing. The radio wave transmitted from the transmitter 30 is received by the base station BC via the satellite CS. The receiver 20 is also connected to the controller 20. The receiver 35 receives a signal from the service factory SF via the communication satellite CS and the base station BC, such as a countermeasure for failure, and sends the signal to the controller 20. The controller 20, the transmitter 30, and the receiver 35 can always be driven by the power from the vehicle battery even when the main switch of the excavator is turned off.

As shown in FIG. 5, the sensor group 10 includes a pressure sensor 11 for detecting a pressure state of the main hydraulic circuit system. That is, a pressure sensor 11 p for measuring the discharge pressure of the hydraulic pump 2, a pressure sensor 11 tr, 11 t 1 for measuring the driving pressure of the traveling hydraulic motors 8 7, 8 8, and a swing hydraulic motor 8 6 Pressure sensor 11 1 s that measures the driving pressure of the boom hydraulic cylinder C 1, pressure sensor 11 b that measures the driving pressure of the boom hydraulic cylinder C 1, and pressure sensor 11 1 that measures the driving pressure of the arm hydraulic cylinder C 2 a, and a pressure sensor 11 bk for measuring the driving pressure of the bucket hydraulic cylinder C3.

The sensor group 10 is a pressure sensor 13 that detects the pressure state of the pilot hydraulic circuit system. It also has. That is, pressure sensors 13 tr and 13 t 1 that measure the pilot pressures P tr and P t 1 output from the traveling hydraulic pilot valves 4 tr and 4 t 1, and output from the swing hydraulic pilot valve 4 s Pressure sensor 13 s to measure pilot pressure P.s, pressure sensor 13 b to measure pilot pressure Pb output from boom hydraulic pilot valve 4 b, and output from arm hydraulic pilot valve 4 a Pressure sensor 13a that measures the pilot pressure Pa that is applied, and a pressure sensor 13bk that measures the pilot pressure Pbk output from the packet hydraulic pilot valve 4bk. I have.

The travel operation time is a time obtained by integrating the times during which the pressures Ptr or Pt1 detected by the travel pilot pressure sensors 13tr and 13t1 are equal to or greater than a predetermined value. The turning operation time is a time obtained by integrating the time during which the pressure Ps detected by the turning pilot pressure sensor 13 s is equal to or more than a predetermined value. The front operation time is determined when the pressures Pb, Pa, and Pbk detected by any of the boom, arm, and bucket pilot pressure sensors 13b, 13a, and 13bk are equal to or greater than the specified values. This is the time obtained by integrating a certain time.

The sensor group 10 also includes a pressure sensor 14f that detects clogging of a filter provided in the main hydraulic line, and a temperature sensor that detects the temperature of hydraulic oil that drives a hydraulic motor or hydraulic cylinder. It also has 14 t. Further, the sensor group 10 has various sensors 15 for detecting the state of the engine system. That is, a cooling water temperature sensor 15 w that detects the cooling water temperature of the engine 85, an engine oil pressure sensor 150 p that detects the engine oil pressure, and an engine oil temperature that detects the temperature of the engine oil Sensor 150 t, engine oil level sensor 15 ο1 for detecting engine oil level, clogging sensor 15 af for detecting clogging of air filter, and fuel for measuring remaining fuel It has a remaining amount sensor 15 ί, a battery voltage sensor 15 V for detecting the charge voltage of the battery, and a rotation speed sensor 15 r for detecting the engine rotation speed.

As described above, the signal indicating the state of each part of the excavator is transmitted to the service factory SF via the communication satellite CS and the base station BC, but the signal indicating the normal state of each part is used as daily report data as one day. The minutes are sent together during late night hours when communication charges are low. In addition, signals indicating alarms and failures are transmitted each time they are issued. You. Note that, even when the remaining fuel amount becomes equal to or less than the predetermined value, information indicating this is transmitted immediately, not only for the time 带.

The above-described daily report data includes the following information and is stored in the storage device 21 in a predetermined format.

① Time of key switch 2 2

②Off time of key switch 2 2

③ Engine start time

④ Engine stop time

Measured value of parameter 2 3

⑥Driving operation time (See Fig. 18)

⑦Swing operation time (See Fig. 18)

⑧Front operation time (See Fig. 18)

⑨Engine operating time (See Fig. 18)

The daily report data also includes running load frequency distribution (see Fig. 20A), excavation load frequency (see Fig. 20B), or fuel consumption (per unit time, operation, no-load, etc.).

The alarm data includes the following information.

① Engine oil level

② Engine cooling water temperature

③ Engine oil temperature

④Air filter clogging

⑤ Hydraulic oil filter

⑥ Battery voltage

Engine oil pressure

⑧ Fuel remaining

⑨ Hydraulic oil temperature

The following information is available as failure data.

① Engine speed abnormality

(2) Abnormal hydraulic pump discharge pressure FIG. 6 is a diagram showing an example of the storage device 21. The storage device 21 has a first area R 1 for storing the measured values of the parameters 23 of the engine 85, a second area R 2 for storing the traveling operation time (running operation time), and a turning operation time ( A third area R3 for storing the turning operation time), a fourth area R4 for storing the front operation time (front operation time), and other state signals, alarm signals or failure signals. A plurality of regions R5 are provided.

FIG. 7 is a flowchart showing a processing procedure for integrating running, turning, and front operation times performed by the controller 20 of each excavator. For example, the traveling pilot pressure Ptr or Pt1, the swing pilot pressure Ps, the boom pilot pressure Pb, the arm pilot pressure Pa, or the socket nozzle pressure Pbk When the value exceeds the predetermined value, the controller 20 starts the program shown in FIG. Then, in step S1, the corresponding operation time measurement timer of the traveling, turning, and front timer functions 20a is started. Also starts the load frequency distribution measurement timer. When the traveling pilot pressures Ptr and Pt1 are equal to or higher than a predetermined value, a timer for driving operation time is used. When the swing pilot pressure Ps is equal to or higher than a predetermined value, a timer for turning operation time is used. If any of the pressure Pb, arm pilot pressure Pa, and bucket pilot pressure Pbk is higher than a predetermined value, the front timer is activated. If it is determined in step S2 that the pilot pressure has become less than the predetermined value, the process proceeds to step S3, and the corresponding timer is stopped. The running operation time is T t, the turning operation time is T s, the front operation time is Τ ί, the running timer measurement time is TM t, the turning timer measurement time is TM s, and the front timer measurement time is Is defined as TM f, the following equation is calculated in step S4.

T t = T t + T M t

T s = T s + T M s

T f = T f + T M f

That is, the time measured by the timer is added to the current value of each operation time storage area, and the operation time area is updated with the addition result.

Here, the operation time was measured for traveling, turning, and front.However, if the hydraulic shovel is equipped with another attachment, for example, a breaker, The operation time of the attachment may be detected, and the operation time of the attachment may be measured similarly.

If the pressure is higher than the predetermined value, step S2 is denied and the process proceeds to step S2A. When the load frequency distribution measuring timer measures Δtf in step S2A, the process proceeds to step S2B. In step S2B, the running pressure, swing pressure, and pump pressure at that time are read, and in step S2C, 1 is added to the histogram of the corresponding pressure value. For example, if the traveling pressure is 10 Mpa, 1 is added to the frequency of 10 Mpa. In step S2D, the timer for negative frequency is reset and restarted, and the process returns to step S2. The running load frequency distribution is shown in Figure 20A, and the excavation load frequency distribution is shown in Figure 20B.

FIG. 8 is a flowchart showing a processing procedure for transmitting daily report data at a certain time. When the preset transmission time comes, the controller 20 starts the program shown in FIG. In step S11, the daily report data to be transmitted is read from the storage device 21. The read daily report data is processed into predetermined transmission data in step S12, and sent to the transmitter 30 in step S13. As a result, the transmitter 30 transmits daily data indicating the operating state of the hydraulic excavator in one day to the service factory SF via the communication satellite CS and the base station BC.

FIG. 9 is a flowchart showing a processing procedure for transmitting an alarm signal and a failure signal. When determining the output of the alarm signal or the failure signal described above, the controller 20 starts the program of FIG. In step S21, the detected alarm signal or failure signal is stored in the storage device 21. If it is determined in step S22 that these alarm signals or fault signals need to be transmitted to the service factory, the process proceeds to step S23. In step S23, the details of the failure are displayed on the monitor 25 of the driver's seat, and the fact that the transmission has been made to the service factory is displayed. In step S24, an alarm signal or a failure signal is read from the storage device 21 and is processed into transmission data in step S25. The processed transmission data is sent to the transmitter 30 in step S26, and an alarm signal or a failure signal is transmitted from the transmitter 30 in step S27 (step S14).

In step S28, controller 20 issues a fault report from the service factory. If it is determined that a signal indicating a remedy has been received, in step S29, a remedy for the fault is displayed on the monitor 25 of the driver's seat. If the instruction from the service factory has not been received, in step S30, it is determined whether or not a predetermined time has elapsed after transmitting the alarm signal or the failure signal. If the predetermined time has elapsed, a message "Please contact the service factory" is displayed in step S31. If step S30 is negative, step S28 is repeated. In other words, if the service factory does not send a remedy instruction even after the predetermined time has elapsed, it is highly likely that communication has failed for some reason. Notify you what you will do.

If it is determined in step S22 that the detected alarm signal does not need to be transmitted to the service factory, in step S32, the content of the alarm corresponding to the alarm signal is displayed on the monitor 25 of the driver's seat. Then, in step S33, the countermeasure is calculated. For example, a method of coping with an alarm signal is stored in a database in the storage device 21 in advance, and a database is accessed by the alarm signal to calculate a coping method. Then, in step S34, a countermeasure is displayed on the monitor 25 of the driver's seat. FIG. 10 shows an example of a data sequence created for transmitting daily report data, alarm data, or failure data. The header of the data string is provided with an identifier HD for identifying the hydraulic shovel. A data section is provided following the header, and the current location information D1, the measurement time D2 of the parameter, the traveling time D3, the turning time D4, the front time D5, and so on are combined in this order.

FIG. 11 is a block diagram showing a configuration for information management in base station BC. The base station BC transmits the received various signals to service factories in various places. The base station BC stores a receiver 31 for receiving a signal transmitted from the communication satellite CS, a storage device 32 for storing the signal received by the receiver 31, and data to be transmitted to the service factory. It comprises a modem 33 for transmitting via a general public network PC and a controller 34 for controlling these various devices.

FIG. 12 is a flowchart showing a processing procedure for receiving a status signal and the like at the base station BC and transmitting it to the service factory. Upon receiving a signal from the communication satellite CS, the control device 34 of the base station BC activates the program shown in FIG. Step S 3 0 1 Then, the received signal is temporarily stored in the storage device 32. In step S302, the excavator is identified from the identifier HD recorded in the header of the received status signal, and the received signals are classified for each excavator as shown in FIG. In step S303, the service factory in charge is identified based on the identified excavator (based on the identifier), and as shown in FIG. 14, the received signal of the excavator is determined for each service factory. Put together. In step S304, the telephone numbers of the identified service factories are read from the database created in the storage device 32 in advance, and in step S305, the signals collected in step S303 are modeled. It is transmitted to each service factory via system 33.

The reception signal may be transmitted to a service factory located closest to the current location of the excavator. Further, transmission of various information from the base station BC to each service factory SF may be performed by a dedicated line, a LAN line, or the like. For example, if the base station B C and the service factory SF are facilities of a hydraulic excavator maker, various types of coastal information may be sent and received via a so-called in-house LAN (intranet).

FIG. 15 is a block diagram showing a configuration for information management in the service factory SF. The service plant SF includes a modem 41 for receiving signals transmitted from the base station BC via the general public network PC, and a storage device 42 for storing the signals received by the modem 41. And a display device 44 and a printer 45 connected to the processing device 43, and a keyboard 46. The processing unit 43 creates a daily report based on the status signal (daily report data) stored in the storage unit 42, and displays a load frequency distribution calculated by the controller 20 of the excavator in a graph format. It calculates the maintenance time for each hydraulic excavator, determines whether there is a failure or abnormality, and creates a schedule for patrol service. A database 47 is also connected to the processor 43. This database 47 stores the maintenance history of each excavator, the history of past failures and abnormalities, and the history of services. The data stored in the data pace 47 includes data collected from the storage device 21 of the hydraulic shovel by the service technician who has visited the patrol service using the portable information terminal device 51.

The information terminal device 51 may be provided with a communication function. In this case, the service person Various information may be input by key input of the information terminal device 51, and various information may be input to the database 47 by communication.

FIG. 16 is a flowchart showing various processing procedures executed by the processing device 43 based on the status signal, the alarm signal, and the failure signal received at the service factory. Upon receiving a status signal, an alarm signal or a failure signal, the processor 43 of the service factory starts the program shown in FIG. In step S41, the received status signal, alarm signal or fault signal is stored in the storage device 42. In step S42, the excavator is identified from the identifier HD of the received signal. When the received signal is applied to a plurality of excavators, each excavator is identified and the received signals are arranged in an appropriate order.

In step S43, it is determined whether the signal received from the first hydraulic excavator is a daily report, an alarm signal, or a failure signal. In the case of daily report data, in step S44, the database 47 is accessed using the identified excavator identifier and the past history of the excavator is read. In step S45, the daily report data is read from the storage device 42, and in step S46, a daily report as shown in FIG. 18 is created. A specific example of the daily report will be described later. In step S47, the next maintenance time is calculated based on the daily report data and the past maintenance information read from the database 47. Thereafter, in step S48, when it is determined that the processing has not been completed for all the excavator reception signals, the process returns to step S43, and the same processing is performed for the next excavator reception signal. Do. If it is determined in step S48 that the processing for all the received signals has been completed, the flow advances to step S49 to create a schedule for the traveling service. The schedule creation method will be described later.

If it is determined in step S43 that the received signal is an alarm signal or a failure signal, the flow advances to step S50 to read the alarm signal or the failure signal from the storage device 42. In step S51, a countermeasure for the read alarm signal or failure signal is read from the database 47. In step S52, the read countermeasure is transmitted to the corresponding excavator via the base station BC or the mobile communication system. Hydraulic excavator phone number is service factory storage 4 2 is stored in advance. The header of the data sent to the excavator is provided with the identifier of the excavator, followed by data for indicating the remedy. After transmitting the data, in step S53, a process for dispatching a serviceman to the work area is performed. Then, in step S54, when it is determined that the processing has not been completed for the received signals of all the excavators, the process returns to step S43, and the same processing is repeatedly executed. When the processing for the received signals of all the excavators is completed, the processing is completed.

FIG. 17 is a flowchart showing a processing procedure for dispatching a serviceman executed in step S53 of FIG. For example, the GPS receiver is carried by all service personnel, and the current location signal transmitted to the service factory at predetermined time intervals is stored in the storage device 42 of the service factory. Then, in step S61 of FIG. 17, the current positions of all the service personnel are read from the storage device 42, and in step S62, the service manager which is closer to the work area of the corresponding excavator is read. Search. Then, the process proceeds to step S63, in which the corresponding hydraulic excavator, work area, details of the alarm or failure, the method of handling the failure, and the parts to be brought to the base station are transmitted to the portable information terminal device 51 of the serviceman. Transmit via BC or via mobile communication system.

The work schedule of the service technicians may be stored in a database (see Figure 22), and the service technicians who have free time may be searched. At that time, the order of the parts may be automatically notified to the parts management department.

Figure 18 shows an example of daily report data created based on the status signal (daily report data) received by the service factory. The daily report is prepared daily for each excavator. Fig. 18 shows the daily report of Unit A's Unit 253, dated March 16, 2000, for example. The first page shows the accumulated time of the engine operation time, running operation time, turning operation time, front operation time, and the time related to the work performed on March 16th. The second page shows maintenance information, for example, the time for each part and part to be maintained, such as 100 hours before changing the engine oil filter and 60 hours before changing the engine oil. Is done.

This daily report is printed out at the service factory and distributed to each service person. You. It may be distributed to the serviceman by e-mail. The daily report shown in Fig. 18 may be sent to the hydraulic excavator 25-3 and displayed on the monitor 25 of the driver's seat, or may be sent to the user A's management department.

Here, the schedule creation of the traveling service in step S49 shown in FIG. 16 will be described. FIGS. 19A to 19C are diagrams illustrating an example of a maintenance schedule. Fig. 19A shows the maintenance schedule for the traveling rollers, Fig. 19B shows the maintenance schedule for the bush, and Fig. 19C shows the maintenance schedule for the pins. The cumulative operating time of each hydraulic shovel's engine, running operation time, turning operation time, and front operation time is received as a status signal (daily report data) at the service factory. Based on this, it is determined whether each part has reached its replacement time.

For example, if the recommended replacement time of the traveling roller is 2000 hours, if the running operation time of the hydraulic shovel a1 to the present exceeds 180 hours, the replacement time will be within 150 hours until the replacement time. Judgment is due for maintenance, and a hydraulic shovel a1 patrol service will be scheduled within 150 hours. In Fig. 19A, the excavator a1 is displayed in the maintenance schedule for this month. The same applies to other units.

If the recommended replacement time of the bush provided on the boom rotation axis is 300 hours, if the hydraulic shovel a2 in the same area A exceeds the current operating time of 295 hours, It will be within 50 hours until the replacement time, and it is determined that it is maintenance time, and the patrol service of the hydraulic excavator a2 will be scheduled within 50 hours. In Fig. 19B, the excavator a2 is displayed as the maintenance schedule for this month. The same applies to other units.

Furthermore, if the recommended replacement time of the pin provided on the pivot axis of the bucket is 400 hours, the operating time of the front end of the excavator a6 in the same area A to date exceeds 392 hours. It is within 80 hours until the replacement time, and it is determined that it is the maintenance time, and the patrol service of the hydraulic excavator a3 will be scheduled within 80 hours. In Fig. 19C, the excavator a6 is displayed in the maintenance schedule for this month. The same applies to other units.

The maintenance period for such excavators a 1 to a n, hydraulic excavators b1 to bn operating in district B, and hydraulic excavators c1 to cn operating in district C.Charts scheduled for maintenance as shown in Fig. 19A to C Is created. Areas A to C are under the jurisdiction of the same service factory.

Based on the maintenance schedule shown in Figs. 19A to 19C, the parts required for maintenance can be known in advance. Therefore, parts may be arranged based on this schedule. Here, the parts arrangement is completed, for example, by automatically sending a parts purchase order to a parts center attached to a service factory via the company intranet. In addition, the maintenance cost may be calculated according to the schedule and the parts arrangement, and may be sent to the user.

When creating the maintenance schedule shown in Figs. 19A to 19C, the maintenance time was calculated by comparing the usage time of the target component up to the present with the standard maintenance time set in advance. However, the working load of hydraulic excavators varies greatly depending on the work site and work content. Therefore, it is preferable to make the maintenance time variable according to the load condition.

In order to calculate the load state, the running load frequency distribution and the front (digging) load frequency distribution are shown in Fig. 20A and Fig. 20B based on the daily report data sent from the excavator on a daily basis. Is displayed as a bar graph. In addition, a standard running load frequency distribution and excavation load frequency distribution are set in advance. Then, it is determined whether the calculated load frequency distribution is operated on the light load side or the heavy load side compared to the standard load frequency distribution, and according to the determination result, Therefore, the maintenance time is calculated.

Maintenance time for heavy load operation = Standard maintenance time X "

Maintenance time for light load operation = Standard maintenance time X /?

However, 《is a value less than 1 and /? Is a value exceeding 1, which is determined in advance by experiments.

In calculating the above maintenance time, for example, if the target component is a traveling roller, the maintenance time is calculated based on whether the traveling load frequency distribution is a heavy load or a hierarchical load. Alternatively, if the target part is a bush, the digging load frequency distribution is heavy or light Thus, the maintenance time is calculated. That is, the maintenance time is made variable in consideration of the load frequency distribution related to the target component.

In addition, instead of calculating the maintenance time according to the load using the above formula, the heavy load maintenance time, the standard load maintenance time, and the light load maintenance time are set in advance as a table, and the load The use table may be selected according to the situation.

Alternatively, the history of the previous maintenance status may be read from the database 47 of the service factory SF, and the maintenance time may be made variable according to the history. In other words, if the last maintenance time is shorter or longer than the standard maintenance time, the current maintenance time is changed to the previous maintenance time, and the maintenance time is changed. Is calculated. .

Next, a method in which one service person travels to multiple work areas with the highest efficiency will be described. Figure 21 shows the maintenance schedule of oil shovels a1 to a5 operating in work area A. This maintenance schedule is calculated by the processing device 43 of the service factory. The hydraulic shovel a1 is scheduled for maintenance between March 6 and March 17, and the hydraulic shovel a2 is scheduled for maintenance between March 9 and March 17 The hydraulic excavator a3 is scheduled for maintenance between March 16 and March 24, and the hydraulic excavator a4 is scheduled between March 15 and March 23. The maintenance schedule is set for the hydraulic excavator a5 between March 17 and March 22. The maintenance schedule is determined by, for example, predicting the replacement time based on the remaining time until maintenance and the average daily operating time of the excavator.

As can be seen from Fig. 21, two patrols of excavators a1 and a2 can be performed simultaneously on worksite A on March 10th. If it patrols on March 17, five excavators a l to a 5 can be maintained at the same time. On March 21, the three excavators a3 to a5 can be maintained at the same time. Therefore, maintenance work is completed with less number of patrols on March 17 and the efficiency is high.

In addition to the maintenance schedule of each unit shown in Figure 21, the service shown in Figure 22 If a final maintenance schedule is created in consideration of the schedule of the service personnel, it is possible to create a highly accurate maintenance schedule that reflects the possibility of patrols by service personnel.

In this way, the processing device 43 calculates a scheme that circulates with high efficiency. In FIG. 21, the excavators a1 to a5 in the work area A have been described. However, it is also easy to calculate so that hydraulic shovels from two or more different work districts can travel more efficiently. For example, less or fewer trips to the same work area, or shortest route to multiple work areas.

In the flowchart of Fig. 16, when the signal received by the service factory includes an alarm signal or a failure signal, in steps S50 to S54, the countermeasure is read from the database 47 and the hydraulic pressure is read. It was sent to the shovel. However, there is no need to notify the operator depending on the type of alarm or failure. For example, it is meaningless to notify the operator of an EPPROM or RAM abnormality in the controller 20 of a hydraulic excavator, which may be rather confusing. Therefore, it is preferable to determine the necessity of sending a remedy to the excavator depending on the type of alarm or failure. Alerts and faults that do not need to be sent to the excavator are notified only to the serviceman.

In the flowchart of Fig. 16, when the signal received by the service factory includes an alarm signal or a failure signal, in steps S50 to S54, the countermeasure is read from the database 47 and the hydraulic pressure is read. It was sent to the shovel. However, in the case of a fault that requires immediate stopping of the machine, instead of sending a remedy, it is preferable to send a signal to the excavator to stop the engine. In this case, a message such as "Stop the engine automatically. Do not restart the engine until a service person arrives" is displayed on the driver's monitor 25. Therefore, a signal indicating a message is transmitted at the same time as the engine stop signal. Alternatively, a signal for operating the boom cylinder C 1 in the lowering direction may be transmitted, and the vehicle may be automatically driven to a highly safe posture.

In the above description, the remedy is read from the service factory database 47 based on the alarm signal and the failure signal. However, several types of fault signals If it is transmitted occasionally, it is expected that the remedy method cannot be calculated depending on the combination of the failure signals. Therefore, an AI (Artificial Intelligence) device may be connected to the processing device 43 of the service factory, and the content of the response may be inferred based on the alarm signal or the failure signal to determine a response method.

In the above, the status signal (daily report data) is transmitted on a regular basis at night. However, a switch for transmitting the daily report data may be provided in the driver's seat, and the daily report data may be transmitted by the switch for transmitting the daily report. Alternatively, the daily report data may be transmitted when the engine is stopped or started.

In the above, the daily report shown in Fig. 18 was created based on the daily report data. However, as shown in Figs. 23A and 23B, a daily report including the engine operating time distribution may be created. Fig. 23A shows the total operation time, excavation time, turning time, travel time, breaker time, drive time of non-breaker attachments, and accumulated time of no load in a bar graph. These accumulated times are created at the service factory based on the daily operating hours sent from the excavator controller 20, and are displayed in a graph. Figure 23B shows a bar graph of engine operation time and idle time for each month. Monthly engine operating hours and idle hours are also created at service plants based on the daily operating hours sent from the excavator controller 20, and are displayed as bar graphs.

As described above, the hydraulic excavator is equipped with the fuel remaining amount sensor 15f. Therefore, using the signal from the fuel remaining amount sensor 15f, the controller 20 can calculate the fuel consumption per unit time and the fuel consumption rate. By transmitting these fuel consumption and fuel consumption rate from the hydraulic excavator as daily report data, it is possible to visualize the fuel consumption and fuel consumption rate at the service factory.

For example, fuel consumption, operating consumption, standby consumption, and total consumption for 6 months per hour can be calculated and output as a daily report. The fuel consumption per hour is calculated by dividing the daily fuel consumption by the daily engine operating time. Operating consumption is the amount of fuel consumed while working on the implementation, and standby consumption is the amount of fuel consumed while the engine is running with no load. is there. The 6 month total consumption is literally the integrated value of the fuel consumption for 6 months. If the standby consumption is higher than the predetermined reference amount, a message such as "Please reduce the standby consumption and try to save energy" is output.

In order to calculate the operating consumption, it is necessary to associate the operating status with the fuel consumption. For example, as shown in FIG. 24, the fuel consumption is calculated in the process of FIG. 7 for calculating the traveling operation time, the turning operation time, and the front operation time. When the pilot pressure for traveling, turning, or excavation becomes equal to or higher than a predetermined value, that is, when those operations are started, the operating fuel consumption FI is read in step S5, and the remaining fuel is read in step S6. Read the measured value of the quantity sensor 15 f and substitute it for the variable FS. When the pilot pressure becomes lower than the predetermined value, that is, when the above operations are completed, the process proceeds to step S7, where the measured value of the fuel remaining amount sensor 15f is read and substituted into the variable FF. In step S8, FS—FF + FI is calculated to update the operating fuel consumption FI. In addition to this, information on fuel can be processed from various viewpoints and used as a daily report.

In the above, the signals from the hydraulic excavators a1 to cn are transmitted to the base station BC using the communication satellite CS, and the signals are transmitted from the base station BC to the service factory SF via the general public network PC. And However, the signal from the hydraulic shovel may be transmitted using a mobile communication system such as a PHS phone or a mobile phone without using a communication satellite. In addition, the signal from the excavator is processed and output in various forms at the service factory. However, the signal is transmitted to the facility of the excavator administrator (the service station of the manufacturer, the user's management department), and the same applies. Processing output of important information may be performed. In this case, installing an ID card reader on the excavator can also be used to manage the working hours of the operator. That is, at the start of work, the operator causes his / her ID card to be read by the ID card reader. This information is transmitted to the excavator owner's facility, for example, the human resources department, together with the engine start time and stop time on the daily report day. The HR department can manage the working hours of operators based on the transmitted ID information and the engine start and stop times and use them for payroll calculations. Alternatively, based on the daily report data, the work amount of the excavator, for example, the amount of excavated sediment can be calculated. The excavator manager may be the rental company.

When sending the troubleshooting method to the service technician, the hydraulic excavator unit, the operation site, the details of the failure, the troubleshooting method, the parts to be brought, etc. were also transmitted, but at the service factory, the service technician A road map from the point where the vehicle is located to the operation site of the excavator may be searched, and the road map may be transmitted together. In addition, a navigation device is installed in the serviceman's vehicle, and in a service factory, the optimal route from the point where the serviceman is located to the operation site of the excavator is searched, and navigation is performed according to the search results. The route may be guided on the monitor of the device. The route search may be performed by a navigation device.

In the above description, the alarm signal and the failure signal detected by the hydraulic excavator sensor group 10 are received by the service factory, the failure content is determined by the service factory, and the remedy is calculated. However, the controller 20 of the excavator determines the content of the failure based on the alarm signal and the failure signal, and transmits a code representing the content of the failure, for example, an abnormality flag / abnormal code to the service factory, and sends the code to the service factory. Then, the database may be searched based on the abnormal flag or the abnormal code, and a remedy may be obtained.

In the above description, the state signal of the excavator is transmitted to the service factory SF via the communication satellite SC and the base station BC, but the signal from the communication satellite CS is directly received at the service factory. You may do so.

Alternatively, as shown in Fig. 25, the wireless base station BCA and the hydraulic excavator manufacturing plant OW are connected via a general public network PC, and the hydraulic excavator manufacturing plant OW and a plurality of service plants SF 1 to SF n are connected. May be connected (intranet) using a dedicated line. In this case, as shown in FIG. 26, a system similar to the system in the radio base station B CA shown in FIG. 11 is provided in the hydraulic excavator manufacturing plant OW.

In Figure 26, the manufacturing plant OW has a modem 31A that receives signals transmitted from the communication satellite CS via the radio base station BCA and the general public network PC, and a signal that is received by the modem 31A. Storage device for storing data, a modem 33A for transmitting data to be transmitted to the service factory via a dedicated line, and a control device 34A for controlling these various devices. . Then, the same processing as in FIG. 12 is executed by the control device 34A. Hydraulic excavator manufacturing plant It may be provided in the head office of the manufacturer or in the rental company described above. Also, the hydraulic shovel has been described as an example, but the present invention can be widely applied to construction machines other than the hydraulic shovel and other work machines including rainy work vehicles.

Claims

Claims Detect the state of each part of the work machine,

Sending a status signal representing the detected status,

Receiving the status signal;

A work implement report creation method for creating a report indicating the status of each part of the work implement based on the received status signal.

2.

The work machine report creation method according to claim 1,

The report includes at least one of information on the operation time and fuel consumption of each part of the work machine.

3.

In the method for producing a working machine report according to claim 2,

The operating time includes running operating time, turning operating time, and excavating operating time.

Four .

In the method for producing a working machine report according to claim 2,

The information on the fuel consumption includes at least one of the fuel consumption for the actual operation and / or the fuel consumption under no load.

Five .

A state detection device that detects a state of each part of the work machine;

A transmitter that transmits a state signal indicating a state detected by the state detection device; and a receiver that receives the state signal transmitted from the transmitter.

A work implement report creation system, comprising: a report creation device that creates a report indicating the status of each unit of the work implement based on the status signal received by the receiver.

6.

In the work implement report creation system of claim 5,

The report includes at least one of information on the operating time of the working machine and the fuel consumption.

7.

In the work machine report creation system according to claim 6,

8.

In the work equipment report creation system according to claim 6,

The information on the fuel consumption includes at least one of the fuel consumption for the actual operation and the fuel consumption at no load.

9.

The work machine report creation system according to any one of claims 5 to 8, wherein the report creation device is provided in a work machine monitoring facility installed in a location different from the work machine.

Ten .

Receiving a state signal indicating the state of each part of the work machine transmitted from the work machine, and creating a report showing the state of each part of the work machine based on the received state signal apparatus.

1 1.

A receiver for receiving a status signal transmitted from the implement and indicating a status of each part of the implement,

A work machine report creation device comprising: a report creation device that creates a report indicating the status of each part of the work machine based on the received status signal.

1 2.

Work machine report creation that receives a status signal indicating the state of each unit of the work machine transmitted from the work machine and creates a report indicating the status of each unit of the work machine based on the received status signal. Method.