WO2001070185A2

WO2001070185A2 - Antiperspirant stick compositions comprising dibenzylidene sorbital acetal and natural oils

Info

Publication number: WO2001070185A2
Application number: PCT/EP2001/002230
Authority: WO
Inventors: Anthony Aloysius Scafidi
Original assignee: Unilever Plc; Unilever Nv; Hindustan Lever Limited
Priority date: 2000-03-21
Filing date: 2001-02-27
Publication date: 2001-09-27
Also published as: WO2001070185A3; AU2001250343A1; AR028266A1

Abstract

The present invention is directed to an anhydrous antiperspirant stick composition, which comprises: a) an antiperspirant active material; b) about 0.1 to about 5% of a natural oil; c) about 0.5 to about 2.5% dibenzulidene sorbital acetal; d) about 0.1 to about 5% of a compound selected from the group consisting of an ethoxylated ester, fatty alcohol, and mixtures thereof; and e) a polyhydric alcohol.

Description

ANTIPERSPIRANT STICK COMPOSITIONS COMPRISING DIBENZYLIDENE SORBITAL ACETAL AND NATURAL OILS

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

There are several clear antiperspirant sticks presently on the market which use dibenzylidene sorbital acetal (DBS) as the gelling agent. Consumers have shown a high interest in these sticks because they are clear or transparent. However, consumers have been disappointed in these sticks because of poor esthetics. Specifically, these compositions are sticky during dry down, and sticky during the day for the user.

It would be desirable to provide an antiperspirant stick composition which was based on a DBS gelling agent, and hence was clear and transparent, and at the same time avoided the stickiness of the DBS based sticks which are presently on the market.

Publications, which are related to this field of invention, are as follows:

U.S. Patent No. 4,954,333 compositions for transparent or translucent antiperspirants comprising a polyol , the reaction product of an antiperspirant salt and a silane and an optional gelling agent, but no or substantially no water. U.S. Patent No. 5,490,979 discloses a clear antiperspirant material-containing, gel stick composition containing an acidic material (i.e. an aluminum salt) and gelled with dibenzylidene sorbitol which includes among other ingredients a guanidine compound.

WO 99/26598 discloses a translucent, preferably clear anhydrous gel composition which could be a solid stick, a soft solid, a cream as well as any form commonly referred to as a gel .

WO 99/26603 discloses a cosmetic composition which is a translucent to clear stick having low tack.

U.S. Patent No. 5,871,720 discloses a cosmetic composition made by combining in weight percent based on the total weight of the composition a) from 5.0-50.0 percent of a silicone fluid comprising at least one hydroxy functionalized silicone fluid, at least one stabilizing agent and optionally at least one additional silicone material b) from 40-95 percent of a gellant/solvent phase comprising a mixture of dibenzylidene sorbitol and at least one polyhydric alcohol solvent; and c) an effective amount of at least one active ingredient .

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The present invention is directed to an anhydrous antiperspirant stick composition, which comprises: a) an antiperspirant active material; b) about 0.1 to about 5% of a natural oil; c) about 0.5 to about 2.5% dibenzylidene sorbital acetal ; d) about 0.1 to about 5% of a compound selected from the group consisting of an ethoxylated ester, a fatty alcohol, and mixtures thereof; and e) a polyhydric alcohol.

The antiperspirant stick compositions of the invention are clear, and avoid being sticky after application and during dry down. The antiperspirant stick compositions of the invention also do not become sticky after application and after physical exertion (Some antiperspirant compositions do become sticky after application and after physical exertion) .

The present invention is also directed to a method for preventing and controlling perspiration wetness in humans comprising the application to the underarm area (that is, the axillary area) of an effective amount of the composition as described above.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

As used herein, % means weight % of the total composition, unless otherwise specified. Optically clear means that the composition is visually clear, and, like glass, allows ready viewing of objects behind it. Translucent means that the composition, although allowing light to pass through, causes the light to be so scattered that it will be difficult to see clearly objects behind it.

All of the ingredients used to prepare the compositions of the invention are known, or can be prepared according to known methods .

The present invention is directed to an anhydrous antiperspirant stick composition, which comprises:

a) an antiperspirant active material; b) about 0.1 to about 5% of a natural oil; c) about 0.5 to about 2.5% dibenzylidene sorbital acetal; d) about 0.1 to about 5% of a compound selected from the group consisting of an ethoxylated ester, a fatty alcohol, and mixtures thereof; and e) a polyhydric alcohol.

The present invention is also directed to a method for preventing and controlling perspiration wetness in humans comprising the application to the underarm area of an effective amount of a composition of the invention.

As noted above, antiperspirant gels based on DBS as the gelling agent are known. Such compositions are clear which is an esthetically desirable property. A disadvantage of such compositions is that they are sticky both during drydown and upon re-perspiration of the user. Use of a natural oil such as castor oil in such DBS gel compositions detackifies said compositions thereby greatly increasing the good esthetic properties of such compositions. Use of natural oils also is believed to reduce skin irritation in the user of the antiperspirant compositions. The presence of natural oils in antiperspirant compositions connotes wholesomeness in the consumer's mind. Use of ethoxylated esters and/or fatty alcohols in conjunction with such natural oils further detackifies the compositions.

The present invention thus provides optically clear to translucent DBS base gelled antiperspirant compositions which are not sticky or tacky either during dry down, or after application and exertion upon re-perspiration , and which cause less skin irritation to the consumer.

What follows is a description of the ingredients used in the compositions of the invention.

ANTIPERSPIRANT ACTIVE MATERIAL

The present compositions contain from about 5% to about 50%; commonly 10 to 25 or 30% or by weight of an active antiperspirant material . These weight percentages are calculated on an anhydrous metal salt basis (exclusive of glycine, the salts of glycine, or other complexing agents) . The antiperspirant material can be introduced into the composition in particulate form, such as particle sizes ranging from about 1 to about 100 microns, more preferably from about 1 to about 50 microns. They may be in impalpable or microscopic in form and preferably have a high bulk density (e.g. greater than about 0.7 g/cm³) . It can be convenient to introduce the antiperspirant active in solution in a polyhydric alcohol, for example all or a part, e.g. at least a half, of the polyhydric solvent in the composition, or dissolution can occur in situ. A convenient concentration range of the antiperspirant active in solution in the alcoholic solvent , e.g. that which is introduced, is from 25 to 50%, often 30 to 40% by weight based on the solution. It is convenient for the composition to contain from about 25 to about 50%; or about 40 to about 50% of the antiperspirant active solution. Such materials include, for example, many aluminum or zirconium astringent salts or complexes and are well known in the art.

Any aluminum astringent antiperspirant salt or aluminum and / or zirconium astringent complex can be employed herein, introduced for example in solution or in particulate form. Salts useful as astringent antiperspirant salts or as components of astringent complexes include aluminum halides, aluminum hydroxyhalides , zirconyl oxy halides, zirconyl hydroxyhalides and mixtures of these salt materials.

Aluminum salts of this type include aluminum chloride and the aluminum hydroxy halides having the general formula Al₂ (OH) _xQ_yXH₂0 where Q is chlorine, bromine, or iodine; x is from about 2 to about 5, and x+y is about 6 and x and y do not need to be integers and where X is from about 1 to about 6. Aluminum salts of this type can be prepared in the manner described more fully in U.S. Patent No. 3,887,692 to Gilman, U.S. Patent No. 3,904,741 Jones and Rubino. The zirconium salts which are useful in the present invention include both zirconium oxy salts and zirconium hydroxyl salts, also referred to as zirconyl hydroxy salts. These compounds may be represented by the following general empirical formula:

ZrO (OH) 2-_nzB_z

wherein z may vary from about 0.9 to about 2 and need not be an integer, n is the valence of B, 2-nz is greater than or equal to 0, and B may be selected from the group consisting of halides, nitrate, sulfamate, sulfate, and mixtures thereof. Although only zirconium and aluminum compounds are exemplified in the specification, it will be understood that other metals such as the Group IV B metals, including hafnium could be used in the present invention.

As with the basic aluminum compounds, it will be understood that the above formula is greatly simplified and is intended to represent and include compounds having coordinated and/or bound water in various quantities as well as polymers, mixtures and complexes of the above. As will be seen from the above formula the zirconium hydroxy salts actually represent a range of compounds having various amounts of the hydroxy group, varying from about 1.1 to only slightly greater than 0 groups per molecule.

Several types of antiperspirant complexes using the above antiperspirant salts are known in the art. For example, U.S. Patent No. 3,792,068 Luedders et al . , discloses complexes of aluminum, zirconium and amino acids such as glycines . Complexes such as those disclosed in Luedders and other similar complexes are commonly known as ZAG ( OR Zag) . ZAG complexes are chemically analyzable for the presence of aluminum, activated ZAG compounds and chlorine. ZAG complexes useful herein are identified by the specification of both the molar ratio of aluminum to zirconium (the Al : Zr ratio) and the molar ratio of total metal to chlorine (metal :C1) ZAG complexes useful herein have an Al:Zr ratio of from about 1.67 to about 12.5 and a metal :C1 ratio of about 0.73 to about 1.93.

Another patent which discloses ZAG compounds is U.S. Patent No. 4,985,238 to Tanner et al . Preferred ZAG complexes are described in U.S. Patent 4,985,238 to Tanner et al.

Another patent which discloses activated ZAG compounds (AZAG or AZG compounds) is U.S. Patent No. 5,486,347 to Callaghan et al . Activated ZAG compounds may be employed as the particulate antiperspirant active in the compositions of the present invention.

Activated ZAG compounds may be prepared by heating an aqueous solution containing an aluminum chlorhydroxide component and mixing it with a zirconium hydroxy chloride component .

Another antiperspirant active which can be used in the compositions of the invention is AlZr pentachlorhydrexgly with added zinc glycinate. Natural Oil

A natural oil is included in the compositions of the invention. It serves as a detackifying agent for the DBS matrix. Nonlimiting examples of such natural oils include avocado oil, coconut oil, cherry pit oil, cottonseed oil, sweet almond oil, peach kernel oil, safflower oil, jojoba oil, peanut oil, sunflower oil, rice bran oil, tea tree oil and most preferably castor oil .

Dibenzylidene Sorbital Acetal (DBS)

DBS is a known gelling agent. It is an ingredient in the clear anhydrous stick formulations of the present invention. DBS is prepared by condensing benzaldehyde and sorbital: mono- di- and tri-condensation products can be formed. The most likely structure for DBS is the 1,3 and 2 , 4-dibenzaldehyde monosorbitol acetal isomer. Formation of the thermodynamically less-favored 2,4- and 3,5- isomers has also been reported. Although insoluble in water, DBS is soluble in many polar organic solvents. DBS, an acetal, is not stable in an acidic, aqueous environment. DBS is described in W099/26598 and U.S. Patent No. 5,609,855 assigned to Procter and Gamble.

It is available under the Trade Name Millithix 925

It is present in compositions of the invention at from about 0.5 to about 2.5%, more preferably at about 1% to about 2.5%, most preferably at about 2.0%. Ethoxylated Ester

An ethoxylated ester can be included in the compositions of the invention in order to increase the detackifying action within the DBS matrix. Nonlimiting examples of such ethoxylated esters are PEG-2 to PEG- 100 castor oil, PEG-5 to PEG-15 cocoate ,PEG-4 to PEG-150 dioleate, PEG-2 to PEG-40 lauryl ether, PEG-2 to PEG-50 isostearyl ether and most preferably PEG-6 Caprylic/ caprylic triglycerides ; and mixtures thereof. Ethoxylated esters also serve to make the resulting compositions more clear.

Fatty alcohol

A fatty alcohol can be included in compositions of the invention and such a fatty alcohol can be any C8 to 18 fatty alcohol or mixtures thereof. Non-limiting examples of fatty alcohols are lauryl alcohol or isostearyl alcohol.

Compositions of the invention can include ethoxylated esters and fatty alcohols as described above. Compositions of the invention can also include mixtures of ethoxylated esters and fatty alcohols.

Polyhydric Alcohol

Polyhydric alcohols are included in compositions of the invention. Polyhydric alcohol means an alcohol with more than one hydroxyl group. Non- limiting examples of polyhydric alcohols are propylene glycol , dipropylene glycol, and 2 -methyl -1, 3- propane diol (MP DIOL GLYCOL). The most preferred polyhydric alcohol is dipropylene glycol.

Polymeric glycols may also be used in compositions of the invention. These include polyethylene glycol of molecular weight of about 200 to about 8,000; Carbowaxes, and methoxy polyethylene glycol of molecular weight about 350 to about 5,000.

OPTIONAL INGREDIENTS

In addition to the ingredients listed above, the anhydrous, topically-effective compositions of the present invention also can include other optional ingredients that are conventionally included in topical cosmetic and medicinal compositions. (It will be understood by those skilled in the art, that some of the optional ingredients listed below will, at certain levels, make the resulting compositions less clear or even opaque. Because optically clear or translucent compositions are desired, these ingredients can be minimized or avoided.)

Fragrances can be incorporated into anhydrous, topically-effective compositions of the invention in an amount of from 0% to about 5% based on the total weight of the composition. The composition of the present invention, when applied to skin, therefore fixes a substantive fragrance film on the skin that resists moisture, but that can be removed by washing. Other optional ingredients that can be included in the anhydrous compositions of the present invention include, but are not limited to, drying agents, like talc or DRY FLO (aluminum starch octenylsuccinate) ; preservatives; and dyes. Generally, such optional ingredients are present in a composition of the present invention in an amount of about 10% or less by weight. An organoclay can be included in a composition of the present invention as an additional suspending agent in an amount of up to 20% by weight of the composition. An organoclay is especially helpful as an anticaking agent to maintain a particulate topically-effective compound homogeneously dispersed throughout the composition. An exemplary organoclay is a quaternized three-layer clay exfoliated with a polar solvent, like a quaternized montmorillonite clay exfoliated with propylene carbonate.

Fumed silica can be used in the compositions of the invention. Non-limiting fumed silicas which can be used have the following trade names: AEROSIL B200, CABOSIL M-5 and AEROSIL R 972. These fumed silicas function as structurants in the compositions of the invention. Fumed silicas conveniently are present in compositions of the invention at about 0.5 to about 4.0%, more preferably at about 2.0 to about 3.0%, and most preferably at about 2.5%.

Nonvolatile silicones such as dimethicone and/or substituted dimethicones may be used in compositions of the invention. Nonlimiting examples of such dimethicones and/or substituted dimethicones are Dow Corning 200 Fluid (Dow Corning) , AF . 90230 (General Electric) , Corning 200 Fluid (Dow Corning) . The most preferred dimethicone is phenyl trimethicone Dow Corning 556 Fluid (Dow Corning) . Other nonvolatile silicones which may be used in compositions of the invention are dimethicone copolyols such as Dow Corning 190 and 193 and silicone elastomers such as DC 9040 AND DC 9010.

Volatile silicones such as cyclomethicone can be used in compositions of the invention. Tradenames for volatile silicones which can be used in compositions of the invention include DC245 and DC345.

The following specific example was made and is illustrative of the compositions of the invention. However, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the specific example set forth below.

Example 1

1. Westchlor A2Z8106 ™ 40% active 46 . 0 %

2. Millithix 925 ™ (DBS) 1 . 5 %

3. DIPropylene glycol 48 . 5 % 4. Castor Oil 2 . 0 o. o

5. Fragrance 1 . 0 %

6. PEG- 6 Caprylic/capric triglycerides 1 . 0

TOTAL 100 , . 0%

Preparative Procedure

The First Mixture:

1) Dipropylene glycol was added to a reaction vessel. 2) The DBS was added and the mixture was agitated until the DBS was dispersed. 3) Resulting mixture 1 was heated until about 128°C, at which point the DBS was completely dissolved.

The Second Mixture :

1) In a separate vessel Westchlor A2Z8106, Fragrance, castor oil, fragrance, and PEG 6 caprylic/capric triglycerides were combined.

Combining the two mixtures

1) Mixture 1 was slowly added to Mixture 2.

2) At about 70°C, the resulting mixture was added to a deodorant canister. Then the mixture in the canister was cooled to room temperature, about 20°C to about 25°C.

The following additional composition of the invention was made in a manner similar to Example 1.

Example 2

1. Westchlor A2Z8106 40% active 46 . 0 %

2. Millithix 925 (DBS) 1 . 5 3. Dipropylene glycol 49 . 0 %

4. Fragrance 1 . 0 %

5. Castor oil 2 . 0 o, Ό

6. Lauryl alcohol, 110% active 0 . 5 %

TOTAL 100 , . 0% The superior non-sticky and nontacky properties of the compositions of the invention on drydown, and (after application and then exertion) upon re-perspiration could be demonstrated through the use of a trained sensory panel .

It should be understood that the specific embodiments of the invention herein illustrated and described in the Examples are intended to be representative only, as certain changes and substitutions thereto may be made on the basis of the preceding summary or detailed description of the invention.

Claims

Claims :

1. An anhydrous antiperspirant stick composition, which comprises an antiperspirant active material, a polyhydric alcohol and dibenzylidene sorbital acetal characterised in that the weight proportion of dibenzylidene sorbital acetal is from 0.5 to 2.5%, and the composition further comprises 0.1 to 5% by weight of a natural oil; and 0.1 to 5% by weight of a compound selected from the group consisting of an ethoxylated ester, a fatty alcohol, and a mixture thereof

2. A composition according to claim 1 characterised in that the proportion of the antiperspirant active material is from 10 to 30% by weight; the proportion of dibenzylidene sorbital acetal is at least 1% by weight, and the proportion of the polyhydric alcohol is from 25 to 60% by weight.

3. A composition according to claim 1 or 2 characterised by further comprising fumed silica.

4. A composition according to claim 3 characterised in that it contains 0.5% to 4% by weight fumed silica.

5. A composition according to claim 3 or 4 characterised in that it comprises 2.0% to 3% by weight of fumed silica.

6 A composition according to any preceding claim characterised in that it comprises: a) 40 to 50% by weight of an alcoholic solution containing 25 to 50% by weight of the antiperspirant active material; b) 0.1 to 5% by weight of the natural oil; c) 1.25 to 1.75% by weight dibenzylidene sorbital acetal; d) 0.1 to 5% by weight of the compound selected from the group consisting of an ethoxylated ester, a fatty alcohol, and a mixture thereof; and e) 40 to 50% by weight of the polyhydric alcohol .

A composition according to any preceding claim characterised in that the polyhydric alcohol is selected from the group consisting of propylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, and 2-methyl-l , 3- propane diol.

A composition according to any preceding claim characterised in that the polyhydric alcohol is dipropylene glycol .

9. A composition according to any preceding claim characterised in that it further comprises a volatile silicone .

10. A composition according to any preceding claim characterised in that it further comprises a non- volatile silicone.

11. A composition according to claim 10 characterised in that the non-volatile silicone is a dimethicone or a substituted dimethicone.

12. A composition according to any preceding claim characterised in that the natural oil is selected from avocado oil, coconut oil, cherry pit oil, cottonseed oil, sweet almond oil, peach kernel oil, safflower oil, jojoba oil, peanut oil, sunflower oil, rice bran oil, tea tree oil and castor oil .

13. A method for controlling or preventing perspiration wetness in humans which comprises applying to the underarm area an effective amount of a composition according to claim 1.