WO2000071078A2 - Composition destinee a la mise en oeuvre d'un traitement antitumoral ou antiviral chez un mammifere - Google Patents
Composition destinee a la mise en oeuvre d'un traitement antitumoral ou antiviral chez un mammifere Download PDFInfo
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- WO2000071078A2 WO2000071078A2 PCT/FR2000/001422 FR0001422W WO0071078A2 WO 2000071078 A2 WO2000071078 A2 WO 2000071078A2 FR 0001422 W FR0001422 W FR 0001422W WO 0071078 A2 WO0071078 A2 WO 0071078A2
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N15/00—Mutation or genetic engineering; DNA or RNA concerning genetic engineering, vectors, e.g. plasmids, or their isolation, preparation or purification; Use of hosts therefor
- C12N15/09—Recombinant DNA-technology
- C12N15/63—Introduction of foreign genetic material using vectors; Vectors; Use of hosts therefor; Regulation of expression
- C12N15/79—Vectors or expression systems specially adapted for eukaryotic hosts
- C12N15/85—Vectors or expression systems specially adapted for eukaryotic hosts for animal cells
- C12N15/86—Viral vectors
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
- A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
- A61K31/495—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with two or more nitrogen atoms as the only ring heteroatoms, e.g. piperazine or tetrazines
- A61K31/505—Pyrimidines; Hydrogenated pyrimidines, e.g. trimethoprim
- A61K31/513—Pyrimidines; Hydrogenated pyrimidines, e.g. trimethoprim having oxo groups directly attached to the heterocyclic ring, e.g. cytosine
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K38/00—Medicinal preparations containing peptides
- A61K38/16—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof
- A61K38/17—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from animals; from humans
- A61K38/19—Cytokines; Lymphokines; Interferons
- A61K38/20—Interleukins [IL]
- A61K38/2013—IL-2
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K38/00—Medicinal preparations containing peptides
- A61K38/16—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof
- A61K38/17—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from animals; from humans
- A61K38/19—Cytokines; Lymphokines; Interferons
- A61K38/21—Interferons [IFN]
- A61K38/217—IFN-gamma
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P31/00—Antiinfectives, i.e. antibiotics, antiseptics, chemotherapeutics
- A61P31/12—Antivirals
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P35/00—Antineoplastic agents
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K48/00—Medicinal preparations containing genetic material which is inserted into cells of the living body to treat genetic diseases; Gene therapy
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N2710/00—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA dsDNA viruses
- C12N2710/00011—Details
- C12N2710/10011—Adenoviridae
- C12N2710/10311—Mastadenovirus, e.g. human or simian adenoviruses
- C12N2710/10341—Use of virus, viral particle or viral elements as a vector
- C12N2710/10343—Use of virus, viral particle or viral elements as a vector viral genome or elements thereof as genetic vector
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N2840/00—Vectors comprising a special translation-regulating system
- C12N2840/20—Vectors comprising a special translation-regulating system translation of more than one cistron
- C12N2840/203—Vectors comprising a special translation-regulating system translation of more than one cistron having an IRES
Definitions
- composition intended for the implementation of an antitumor or antiviral treatment in a mammal
- the present invention relates to a cytotoxic composition
- a cytotoxic composition comprising a first nucleic acid sequence coding for all or part of the p53 protein and a second nucleic acid sequence coding for all or part of a polypeptide having at least one cytotoxic activity, in particular anti-tumor activity or antiviral.
- the present invention is particularly useful in the context of the implementation of a treatment by gene therapy of proliferative or infectious diseases.
- P53 is a nuclear phosphoprotein involved in particular in controlling the expression of proteins involved in the cell cycle (Ozbun et al, 1995, Adv. Cancer Res. 66, 71-141- Selter et al, 1994, Int. J. Biochem. 26, 145-154) and participating in numerous cellular processes linked to genome stability and cell apoptosis (Harris et al, 1996, J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 88, 1442-1445; Kastan et al , 1991, Cancer Res. 51, 6304-6311; Kuerbitz et al, 1992, PNAS, 89, 7491-7495).
- the p53 gene has been identified and sequenced.
- the sequence of cDNA is described in Matlashe ski et al., 1984, EMBO J., 3, 3257-3262 and that of the protein in Lamp, 1986, Mol. Cell Biol. , 6, 1379-1385.
- natural and functional polymorphic variants have been identified for which certain amino acids are replaced by others without however affecting the p53 function.
- mutations have been described in the cancer literature which can result in a loss of the function of this protein (Holstein et al, 1991, Science, 253, 49-53; Levine et al, 1991, Nature , 351, 453-456).
- compositions whose various constituents are chosen so as to obtain a synergistic effect of their respective activities and of the improved properties of said constituents. More particularly, such compositions make it possible to inhibit or delay cell proliferation by inducing the specific death of tumor cells, a better presentation of the antigens and / or stimulation of the immune cells of. the host organism.
- the present invention offers an advantageous and effective alternative to the techniques of the prior art, in particular for treating cancer in humans or animals.
- the invention relates firstly to a composition intended for the implementation of an antitumor or antiviral treatment, or any applications requiring cell death, in a mammal comprising: (i) a nucleic acid sequence coding for all or part p53 polypeptide,
- nucleic acid sequence coding for all or part of a polypeptide having at least one cytotoxic activity, said nucleic acid sequences being placed under the control of the elements necessary for their expression in a host cell of said mammal .
- polypeptide having at least one cytotoxic activity is intended to denote any peptide substance capable of inducing or activating an immune response directed specifically against a tumor cell
- cytotoxic activity is then called anti-tumor activity
- a cell infected with a virus cytotoxic activity is then called antiviral activity
- said cytotoxic activity results in the death of said cell.
- the p53 activity can be measured by the analysis of the arrest of the cell cycle in the Gl / S and G2 / M phase, of the induction of apoptosis, of the suppression of the cellular transformation induced by the oncogenes or inhibition of angiogenesis.
- the cytotoxic activity of a given polypeptide in particular an anti-tumor activity, can be assessed m vi tro by measuring cell survival either by short-term viability tests (such as for example the tryptan blue test or MTT), either by clonogenic survival tests (colony formation) (Brown and outers, 1999, Cancer Research, 59, 1391-1399) or in vivo by measuring tumor growth (size and / or volume) in an animal model (Ovejera and Houchens, 1981, Seitim. Oncol., 8, 386-393).
- short-term viability tests such as for example the tryptan blue test or MTT
- clonogenic survival tests colony formation
- tumor growth size and / or volume
- the invention relates to a composition characterized in that said polypeptide having cytotoxic activity is chosen from cytokmes, proteins encoded by a gene called “suicide gene” and antiangiogenic protein factors.
- said polypeptide in (ii) is a cytokme
- it is preferably a cytokme chosen from interferons ⁇ , ⁇ and ⁇ , mterleukins, and in particular IL-2, IL-4 l 'IL-6, IL-10 or IL-12, tumor necrotizing factors (TNF) and colony stimulating factors (GM-CSF, C-CSF, M-CSF ).
- said cytokme is selected from 1 mterleukme-2 (IL-2) and 1 gamma mterferon (IFN- ⁇ ).
- Mterleukme-2 is in particular responsible for the proliferation of activated T lymphocytes, the multiplication and activation of cells of the immune system (for the nucleic acid sequence see in particular FR 85 09480).
- IFN- ⁇ activates phagocytic cells and increases the expression of class I and II surface antigens of the major histocompatibility complex (for the nucleic acid sequence see in particular FR 85 09225).
- the invention also relates to such a composition characterized in that said polypeptide in (it) has at least one enzymatic activity selected from thymid ek ase activity, pu ⁇ ne nucleoside phosphorylase activity, guanme activity or uracil or orotate phosphoribosyl transferase and cytosme dammase activity.
- the genes coding for such polypeptides are called "suicide genes". Many suicide / predrug gene pairs are currently available. We can cite more particularly, the couples:
- TK HSV-1 herpes simplex virus type 1
- GCV ganciclovir
- CDase is an enzyme which intervenes in the metabolic pathway of pyrimidmes by which the exogenous cytosme is transformed by means of a hydrolytic desammation into uracil.
- CDase activities have been demonstrated in prokaryotes and lower eukaryotes (Jund and Lacroute, 1970, J. Bacte ⁇ ol. 102, 607-615; Beck et al., 1972, J. Bacteriol. 110, 219-228; De Haan et al., 1972, Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 38, 257-263; Hoep ⁇ ch et al., 1974, J. Inf. Dis. 130, 112-118; Esders and Lynn, 1985, J. Biol.
- CDase also deactivates a cytosme analog, 5-fluorocytosme (5-FC) into 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) which is a highly cytotoxic compound especially when it is converted into 5-fluoro-UMP (5-FUMP ).
- Cells lacking CDase activity, due either to inactivating mutation of the gene coding for the enzyme, or their natural deficiency for this enzyme (for example mammalian cells) are resistant to 5-FC (Jund and Lacroute, 1970, J. Bacte ⁇ ol. 102, 607-615; Kilstrup and al., 1989, J. Bacteriol. 1989 171, 2124-2127).
- This phenomenon is due to the excretion by cells expressing CDase activity, of 5-FU which intoxicates neighboring cells by simple diffusion through the cell membrane.
- This passive diffusion property of 5-FU constitutes an advantage compared to the tk / GCV reference system for which the neighborhood effect requires contact with the cells which express tk (Mesnil et al., 1996, Proc. Natl. Acad Sci. USA 93, 1831-1835). This effect therefore constitutes an additional advantage of the use of CDase in the context of gene therapy, in particular anti-cancer therapy.
- sensitivity to 5-FC varies widely across cell lines. Low sensitivity is observed, for example, in human tumor lines PANC-1 (pancreatic carcinoma) and SK-BR-3 (sem adenocarcmoma) transduced by a retrovirus expressing the codA gene of E. Coli (Harris et al., 1994, Gene Therapy 1, 170-175). This undesirable phenomenon could be explained by the absence or the weak endogenous conversion of 5-FU formed by the enzymatic action of CDase into cytotoxic 5-FUMP.
- This stage normally carried out in mammalian cells by the phosphorybosyl orotate transferase (Peters et al., 1991, Cancer 68, 1903-1909), may be absent in certain tumors and thus render gene therapy, based on CDase, ineffective.
- uracil is transformed into UMP by the action of uracil phosphoribosyl transferase (consequently exhibiting UPRTase activity).
- This enzyme also converts 5- FU to 5-FUMP.
- furl mutants of the yeast S. cerevisiae are resistant to high concentrations of 5-FU (10 mM) and 5-FC (10 mM) because in the absence of UPRTase activity, 5-FU, originating from the desammation of 5-FC by CDase, n is not transformed into cytotoxic 5-FUMP (Jund and Lacroute, 1970, J. Bacte ⁇ ol. 102, 607-615).
- upp and FUR1 genes coding for UPRTase respectively from E. coli and S. cerevisiae have been cloned and sequenced (Andersen et al., 1992, Eur. J. Biochem. 204, 51-56; Kern et al., 1990, Gene 88, 149-157).
- a polypeptide having UPRTase activity denotes a polypeptide capable of converting uracil or one of its derivatives into a monophosphatic analogue and, in particular 5-FU into 5-FUMP.
- mutation is meant the addition, deletion and / or substitution of one or more residues at any location of said polypeptide.
- the native UPRTase in question in the present invention can be of any origin, in particular prokaryotic, fungal or yeast.
- the nucleic acid sequences encoding the UPRTases of E. coli Anderson et al., 1992, Eur. J.
- application PCT / FR99 / 00904 describes a FUR1 gene devoid of 105 nucleotides in 5 ′ of the coding part allowing the synthesis of a UPRTase deleted from the first 35 residues in the N-termmal position and starting with the methionm in position 36 in native protein.
- the mutant gene expression product designated FUR1A105, is capable of complementing a furl mutant of S. cerevi siae.
- the truncated mutant exhibits a higher UPRTase activity than that of the native enzyme.
- the polypeptide encoded according to the invention is a deletion mutant of a native UPRTase.
- the deletion is preferably located in the N-term region of the original UPRTase. It can be total (concern all the residues of said N-termal region) or partial (concern one or more residues continuous or not in the primary structure).
- a polypeptide is made up of N-termmale, central and C-terminal parts, each representing approximately one third of the molecule.
- the UPRTase of S. cerevi siae having 251 amino acids its N-term part consists of the first 83 residues starting with the methionme called initiator located in the first position of the native form.
- the PRTase of E. coli its N-term part covers positions 1 to 69.
- the polypeptide according to PCT / FR99 / 00904 derives from a native UPRTase at least by deletion of all or part of the N-termmal region upstream of the second ATG codon of said Native UPRTase. Total deletion of the above region is preferred.
- the UPRTase encoded by the FUR1 gene comprises a first ATG codon (initiator ATG codon) in position +1 followed by a second in position +36.
- the deletion of residues +1 to 35 can be envisaged in the context of the present invention, giving a polypeptide starting with methionine normally found in position +36 of the native form.
- a preferred polypeptide according to PCT / FR99 / 00904 comprises an amino acid sequence substantially as shown in the sequence identifier IDS NO: 1, starting at the Met residue in position 1 and ending at the Val residue in position 216.
- patent applications WO96 / 16183 and PCT / FR99 / 00904 describe the use of a fusion protein coding for a two-domain enzyme having the CDase and UPRTase activities and demonstrate that the transfer of a hybrid gene codA :: upp or FCY1:: FUR1 or
- FCY1:: FUR1A105 carried by an expression plasmid increases the sensitivity to 5-FC of transfected B16 cells.
- the protein and nucleic acid sequences described in these two applications are incorporated into the description of the present application.
- the polypeptide according to PCT / FR99 / 00904 is a fusion polypeptide in which it is fused in phase with at least one second polypeptide.
- the fusion can take place at any location of the first polypeptide, the N or C-terminal ends are preferred and in particular the N-terminal end.
- the phase fusion implements a second polypeptide exhibiting cytosine deaminase activity (CDase) and derived from a native cytosine deaminase, so that the fusion polypeptide according to the invention exhibits CDase and UPRTase activities.
- An FCY1:: FUR1 fusion is preferred.
- Such a bifunctional polypeptide makes it possible to improve the sensitivity of the target cells to 5-FC and to 5-FU.
- the second polypeptide according to the invention is capable of metabolizing 5-FC to 5-FU.
- a CDase of prokaryotic or lower eukaryotic origin is used. Even more preferably, it is a yeast CDase and in particular that encoded by the FCY1 gene from Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
- the cloning and the sequence of genes coding for CDases from different sources are available in the literature and in specialized databases. It is indicated that the sequence of the FCY1 gene is disclosed in Erbs et al. (1997, Curr. Genêt. 31, 1-6). It is of course possible to use a CDase mutant having a conversion capacity comparable to or greater than that of the native enzyme.
- CDase sequences from published data, of carrying out possible mutations, of testing the enzymatic activity of the mutant forms in an acellular or cellular system according to the technology of the art or by following the protocol indicated below and in phase fusing the polypeptides of CDase and UPRTase activity.
- a preferred example is a polypeptide comprising an amino acid sequence substantially as shown in the sequence identifier IDS NO: 2, starting at the Met residue in position 1 and ending at the Val residue in position 373.
- the term "substantially” has the definition given previously.
- a polypeptide comprising the amino acid sequence as shown in the sequence identifier IDS NO: 2 is very particularly suitable for the implementation of the invention.
- a fusion of CDase and UPRTase activities improves the sensitivity of target cells to 5-FC and 5-FU.
- a person skilled in the art is capable of cloning the CDase or UPRTase sequences from the published data, of carrying out possible mutations, of testing the enzymatic activities of the mutant forms in an acellular or cellular system according to l technology. art or by following the protocol indicated in application PCT / FR99 / 00904 and to merge, in particular in phase, the polypeptides of CDase and UPRTase activity, and consequently all or part of the corresponding genes.
- a polypeptide according to the invention can be produced by conventional methods of chemical synthesis or else by recombinant DNA techniques (see for example Maniatis et al., 1989, Laboratory Manual, Cold Sprmg Harbor, Laboratory Press, Cold Sprmg Harbor, NY).
- a nucleotide sequence coding for said polypeptide is introduced into a cell to generate a transformed cell, said transformed cell is cultured under conditions suitable for allowing the production of said polypeptide and said harvest is harvested. polypeptide from cell culture.
- the producer cell can be of any origin and without limitation, a bacterium, a yeast or a mammalian cell, insofar as the nucleotide sequence considered is either integrated into its genome or integrated into an appropriate expression vector capable to replicate.
- the nucleotide sequence is placed under the control of transcription and translation signals. allowing its expression in the producer cell.
- Expression vectors and control signals are known to those skilled in the art.
- the polypeptide it can be recovered from the medium or from the cells (after lysis thereof) and subjected to conventional purification steps (by chromatography, electrophoresis, filtration, immunopurification, etc.).
- PCT / FR99 / 0904 also describes a nucleotide sequence coding for a said polypeptide which may be a cDNA or genomic sequence or of a mixed type. It may optionally contain one or more mtrons, these being of native, heterologous origin (for example the mtron of the ⁇ -rabbit globule gene, etc.) or synthetic in order to increase expression in the host cells. As indicated, said sequence can code for a polypeptide derived from the native enzyme or a mutant exhibiting comparable or improved activity.
- the sequences used can be obtained by conventional molecular biology techniques, for example by bank screening using specific probes, by expression bank immuno-screening, by PCR using suitable primers or by chemical synthesis.
- the mutants can be generated from the native sequences by substitution, deletion and / or addition of one or more nucleotides using the techniques of site-directed mutagenesis, PCR, digestion by restriction enzymes and ligation or by synthesis chemical.
- the functionality of the mutants and of the constructs can be verified by assaying the enzymatic activity or by measuring the sensitivity of target cells to 5-FC and / or 5-FU.
- the composition of the invention is characterized in that the nucleic acid sequence (n) is selected from the nucleic sequences of the genes CodA, upp, FUR1, FCY1 and FUR1 ⁇ 105, or by a combination of all or part of the said sequences.
- the invention relates more particularly to a said composition characterized in that said polypeptide in (ii) has at least one CDase activity and one UPRTase activity.
- nucleic acid sequences are intended to denote both distinct sequences which code for at least two distinct polypeptides as well as fused sequences which code for fusion polypeptides, it being understood that the production of such polypeptides can be carried out under the control of the same regulatory elements (polycistronic cassette) or of independent, identical or different elements, homologous or heterologous with respect to the vector containing them, constitutive or inducible.
- the composition of the invention comprises at least one nucleic acid sequence (ii) coding for a fusion polypeptide in which a first polypeptide exhibiting UPRTase or CDase activity is fused in phase with at least one second polypeptide, said second polypeptide exhibiting CDase or UPRTase activity, respectively.
- such a polypeptide is characterized in that the fusion with the second polypeptide is carried out at the N-terminal end of said first polypeptide.
- said composition is characterized in that the nucleic acid sequence coding for said fusion polypeptide is a hybrid sequence comprising:
- UPRTase or CDase a second nucleic acid sequence coding for a second polypeptide exhibiting Cdase or UPRTase activity, respectively.
- hybrid nucleic acid sequence coding for said fusion polypeptide may also contain an IRES type sequence.
- the invention relates in particular to such a composition for which the first nucleic acid sequence is selected from upp, FUR1 and FUR1 ⁇ 105, and in that the second nucleic acid sequence is selected from CodA and FCY1, and vice versa.
- a hybrid nucleic acid sequence is chosen from the hybrid sequences described in patent applications WO96 / 16183 and PCT / FR99 / 00904.
- the composition according to the present invention is characterized in that said polypeptide having cytotoxic activity (ii) is an anti-angiogenic protein factor.
- Angiogenesis is the process responsible for the formation of new capillaries from the existing vascular network.
- an anti-angiogenic factor is considered to be a cytotoxic agent, in particular an anti-tumor agent.
- angiostasis angiostasis, endostasis, platelet factor PF4, thrombospondme-1, PRP (for Prolifer Related Protein), VEGI (for Vascular Endothelial Growth Inhibitor) and urokinase.
- PRP Prolifer Related Protein
- VEGI Vascular Endothelial Growth Inhibitor
- nucleic acid sequences (i) or (11) can be easily obtained by cloning, by PCR or by chemical synthesis according to the conventional techniques in use. They may be native genes or derivatives thereof by mutation, deletion, substitution and / or addition of one or more nucleotides. Furthermore, their sequences are widely described in the literature available to those skilled in the art.
- the present invention also relates to a composition as presented above, characterized in that said nucleic acid sequences (i) and (ii) are inserted into a recombinant vector of plasmid or viral origin, as well as to a such a recombinant vector carrying such nucleotide sequences placed under the control of the elements necessary for their expression in a host cell.
- compositions of the invention can comprise said nucleic acid sequences (i) and (ii) inserted in the same recombinant vector or in distinct recombinant vectors.
- recombinant vector is meant a vector of plasmid or viral origin, and optionally such a vector associated with one or more substances improving the transfection efficiency and / or the stability of said vector and / or the protection said vector in vivo against the immune system of the host organism.
- substances are widely documented in the literature accessible to those skilled in the art (see for example Felgner et al., 1987, Proc. West. Pharmacol. Soc. 32, 115-121; Hodgson and Solaiman, 1996, Nature Biotechnology 14, 339-342; Remy et al., 1994, Biocon ugate Chemistry 5, 647-654).
- they may be polymers, lipids, in particular catiomics, liposomes, nuclear or viral proteins or even neutral lipids. These substances can be used alone or in combination. Examples of such compounds are in particular available in patent applications WO 98/08489, WO 98/17693, WO 98/34910, WO 98/37916, WO 98/53853, EP 890362 or WO 99/05183.
- a possible combination is a recombinant plasmid vector associated with cationic lipids (DOGS, DC-CHOL, sperm-chol, spermid-chol etc ...) and neutral lipids (DOPE).
- plasmids which can be used in the context of the present invention are vast. They may be cloning and / or expression vectors. In general, they are known to those skilled in the art and many of them are commercially available, but it is also possible to construct or modify them by genetic manipulation techniques. Mention may be made, as examples, of the plasmids derived from pBR322 (Gibco BRL), pUC (Gibco BRL), pBluescript (Stratagene), pREP4, pCEP4 (Invitrogene) or also p Poly (Lathe et al., 1987, Gene 57, 193-201).
- a plasmid used in the context of the present invention contains an origin of replication ensuring the initiation of replication in a producer cell and / or a host cell (for example, the ColEl origin will be retained for a plasmid intended to be produced in E. coli and the o ⁇ P / EBNAl system if it is desired to be self-replicating in a mammalian host cell, Lupton and Lev e, 1985, Mol. Cell. Biol. 5, 2533-2542; Yates et al., Nature 313, 812-815). It can also comprise a selection gene making it possible to select or identify the transfected cells (complementation of an auxotrophy mutation, gene coding for resistance to an antibiotic, etc.).
- sequence cer which promotes the monomeric maintenance of a plasmid (Summers and Sherrat, 1984, Cell 36, 1097-1103, integration sequences in the cell genome).
- a viral vector Being a viral vector, one can envisage a vector deriving from a poxvirus (vaccinia virus, in particular MVA, canaripox, etc.), from an adenovirus, from a retrovirus, from a virus herpes, an alphavirus, a foamyvirus or a virus associated with one adenovirus.
- a non-replicative and non-tegrative vector will be used.
- the adenoviral vectors are very particularly suitable for the implementation of the present invention. However, it should be noted here that in the context of the implementation of the present invention, the nature of the vector is of little importance.
- Retroviruses have the property of infecting and integrating mainly in dividing cells and in this regard are particularly suitable for cancer application.
- a recombinant retrovirus according to the invention generally comprises the LTR sequences, an encapsidation region and the nucleotide sequence according to the invention placed under the control of the retroviral LTR or of an internal promoter such as those described below. It can be derived from a retrovirus of any origin
- MoMuLV Moloney murme leukemia virus
- MVS Murme sarcoma virus
- Fb29 Friend murme retrovirus
- the retroviral vector according to the invention may include modifications in particular at the level of the LTRs (replacement of the promoter region by a eukaryotic promoter) or of the encapsidation region (replacement by a heterologous encapsidation region, for example type VL30) (see French applications 94 08300 and 97 05203).
- a defective adenoviral vector for replication that is to say devoid of all or part of at least one region essential for replication selected from regions E1, E2, E4 and.
- a deletion from the El region is preferred.
- it can be combined with other modification (s) / deletion (s) affecting in particular all or part of the regions E2, E4 and / or L1-L5, insofar as the essential detective functions are complemented in trans by means of 'a complementation line and / or a helper virus in order to ensure the production of the viral particles of interest.
- use may be made of second generation vectors of the state of the art (see for example international applications WO 94/28152 and WO 97/04119).
- the deletion of the majority of the region E1 and of the transcription unit E4 is very particularly advantageous.
- the adenoviral vector can also be devoid of all or part of the non-essential E3 region.
- the origin of the adenoviral vector according to the invention can be varied both from the point of view of the species and of the serotype.
- adenovirus of human or animal origin canine, avian, bovine, murme, ovine, porcine, simian .
- Mention may more particularly be made of the adenoviruses CAV-1 or CAV-2 of canine origin, DAV of avian origin or else Bad of type 3 of bovine origin (Zakharchuk et al., Arch. Virol., 1993, 128: 171-176, Spibey and Cavanagh, J. Gen. Virol.
- an adenoviral vector of human origin preferably deriving from an adenovirus of serotype C, in particular of type 2 or 5, will be preferred.
- An adenoviral vector according to the present invention can be generated in vitro in Esche ⁇ chia coli (E. coli) by homologous ligation or recombination (see for example international application WO 96/17070) or alternatively by recombination in a complementation line.
- E. coli Esche ⁇ chia coli
- the elements necessary for expression consist of all the elements allowing the transcription of the nucleotide sequence into RNA and the translation of the mRNA into polypeptide, in particular the promoter sequences and / or efficient regulatory sequences in said cell, and optionally the sequences required to allow excretion or expression on the surface of target cells of said polypeptide. These elements can be regulable or constitutive.
- the promoter is adapted to the selected vector and to the host cell. Mention may be made, by way of examples, of the eukaryotic promoters of the PGK genes.
- the early promoter of the SV40 virus (Simian Virus), the RSV LTR (Rous Sarcoma Virus), the MPSV promoter, the TK-HSV- promoter 1, the early promoter of the CMV virus (Cytomegalovirus), the promoters of the vaccinia virus p7.5K pH5R, pKlL, p28, fold and the adenoviral promoters E1A and MLP or a combination of said promoters.
- It can also be a promoter stimulating expression in a tumor or cancer cell. Muc-1 promoters overexpressed in sem and prostate cancers can be mentioned in particular (Chen et al., 1995, J. Clin. Invest.
- CMV Cytomegalovirus
- tissue-specific promoter region in particular when the tumor to be treated originates from a particular cell type, or can be activated under defined conditions.
- the literature provides a great deal of information relating to such promoter sequences.
- the necessary elements may, in addition, include additional elements improving the expression of the nucleotide sequence according to the invention or its maintenance in the host cell. Mention may in particular be made of the metric sequences (WO 94/29471), secretion signal sequences, nuclear localization sequences, internal sites for reiteration of translation of the IRES type, poly A sequences for transcription termination.
- the invention relates more particularly to a recombinant vector, in particular an adenoviral vector defective for replication, comprising: (i) a nucleic acid sequence encoding all or part of the p53 polypeptide,
- the present invention also relates to a viral particle, in particular adenoviral, comprising a recombinant viral vector according to the invention.
- a viral particle in particular adenoviral, comprising a recombinant viral vector according to the invention.
- Such a viral particle can be generated from a viral vector according to any conventional technique in the art. Its propagation is carried out in particular in a complementation cell adapted to the deficiencies of the vector.
- adenoviral vector use will be made, for example, of a complementation line as described in application WO 94/28152, to line 293 established from human embryonic kidney cells, which effectively complements the El function (Graham et al., 1977, J. Gen. Virol. 36, 59-72), the line A549-E1 (Imler et al., 1996, Gene Therapy 3, 75-84) or a line allowing a double complementation ( Yeh et al., 1996, J. Virol. 70, 559-565; Krougliak and Graham, 1995, Human Gene Therapy 6, 1575-1586; Wang et al., 1995 Gene Therapy 2, 775-783; international application WO 97 / 04119).
- Helper viruses can also be used to at least partially complement defective functions.
- complementation cell is meant a cell capable of providing in trans the early and / or late factors necessary for encapsidation of the viral genome in a viral capsid to generate a viral particle containing the recombinant vector. Said cell may not alone complement all the defective functions of the vector and in this case can be transfected / transduced by a vector / helper virus providing complementary functions.
- the invention also relates to a process for preparing a viral particle, according to which:
- a recombinant vector according to the invention is introduced into a cell, in particular a complementation cell capable of complementing said vector in trans, so as to obtain a said transfected cell,
- the viral particle can be recovered from the culture supernatant but also from the cells.
- One of the commonly used methods is to lyse the cells by consecutive freeze / thaw cycles to collect the virions in the lysis supernatant. These can be amplified and purified according to the techniques of the art (chromatographic process, ultracentrifugation in particular through a gradient of cesium chloride ).
- the invention also relates to a eukaryotic host cell comprising the DNA fragments present in the composition according to the invention.
- Said host cell is advantageously a mammalian cell and, preferably, a human cell. It will preferably be a 293 cell, LCA4 or PERC6.
- Such a cell is particularly useful for producing viral particles at high titer, without generating particles competent for replication.
- the invention also relates to a host cell comprising a nucleotide sequence, a recombinant vector according to the invention or infected with a viral particle according to the invention.
- a host cell is constituted by any cell transfectable by a recombinant vector or mfectable by a viral particle, as defined above.
- a mammalian cell and in particular numa e is particularly suitable. It can comprise said vector in a form integrated into the genome or not (episome).
- It can be a primary or tumor cell of any origin, in particular hematopoietic (totipotent stem cell, leukocyte, lymphocyte, monocyte or macrophage ...), muscle (satellite cell, myocyte, myoblast, smooth muscle ..) .), cardiac, pulmonary, tracheal, hepatic, epithelial or fibroblast.
- hematopoietic totipotent stem cell, leukocyte, lymphocyte, monocyte or macrophage
- muscle satellite cell, myocyte, myoblast, smooth muscle ..) .
- cardiac pulmonary, tracheal, hepatic, epithelial or fibroblast.
- the invention also relates to a composition intended for the implementation of an antitumor or antiviral treatment, or any applications requiring cell death, in a mammal comprising:
- polypeptide having at least one cytotoxic activity (ii) all or part of a polypeptide having at least one cytotoxic activity, said polypeptides being defined as indicated above.
- Another object according to the invention consists of a formulation intended for the implementation of an antitumor or antiviral treatment in a mammal, characterized in that it comprises a composition (based on nucleic acid or polypeptide as described above) ), an adenoviral vector or a viral particle according to the invention, as well as a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.
- a support is preferably isotonic, hypotomal or weakly hypertomal and has a relatively low ionic strength, such as for example a sucrose solution.
- a support can contain any solvent, or aqueous or partially aqueous liquid such as sterile non-pyrogenic water.
- the pH of the formulation is also adjusted and buffered to meet the requirements for use in vivo.
- the formulation may also include a pharmaceutically acceptable diluent, adjuvant or excipient, as well as solubilizers, stabilizers, preservatives.
- a pharmaceutically acceptable diluent for injectable administration, an aqueous, non-aqueous or isotonic solution formulation is preferred. It can be presented as a single dose or in multidose in liquid or dry form (powder, lyophilisate, etc.) capable of being reconstituted extemporaneously with an appropriate diluent.
- said formulation also comprises pharmaceutically acceptable amounts of a prodrug capable of being transformed into a cytotoxic molecule by a polypeptide having at least one cytotoxic activity.
- Such a prodrug will be selected in particular from the group consisting of acyclovir or ganciclovir
- said prodrug is 5-fluorocytosme (5FC) or 5-fluorouracil (5-FU).
- said formulation may also comprise one or more substances potentiating the cytotoxic effect of 5-FU.
- drugs which inhibit the enzymes of the de novo pyrimidmes biosynthesis pathway (for example those cited below), drugs such as Leucovor (Waxman et al., 1982, Eur. J.
- a formulation according to the invention is more particularly intended for the preventive or curative treatment of diseases by gene therapy and is more particularly intended for proliferative diseases (cancers, tumors, restenosis, etc.) and for diseases of infectious origin, in particular viral for which it is necessary to limit the proliferation of infected cells (induced by hepatitis B or C viruses, HIV, herpes, retroviruses, etc.).
- a formulation according to the invention can be manufactured in a conventional manner for administration by the local, parenteral or digestive route. There are many possible routes of administration.
- Mention may be made, for example, of the metagastric, subcutaneous, metacardiac, intramuscular, intravenous, mtrapé ⁇ tonéale, mtratumoral, mtranasal, mtrapulmonary or tratracheal route.
- administration by aerosol or instillation is advantageous.
- the administration can take place in single dose or repeated one or more times after a certain interval of interval.
- the appropriate route of administration and dosage vary according to various parameters, for example, the individual, the disease to be treated or the gene (s) of interest to be transferred.
- the preparations based on viral particles according to the invention can be formulated in doses of between 10 4 and 10 14 pfu (plaque-forming units), advantageously 10 5 and 10 13 pfu and, preferably, 10 6 and 10 12 ufp.
- doses comprising from 0.01 to 100 mg of DNA, preferably 0.05 to 10 mg and, in a very preferred fact, 0.5 to 5 mg can be considered.
- a composition based on polypeptides preferably comprises from 0.05 to 10 g and, most preferably, from 0.5 to 5 g of said polypeptide.
- the doses can be adjusted by the clinician.
- the present invention also relates to the therapeutic or prophylactic use of a composition, of a recombinant vector or of a viral particle according to the invention for the preparation of a medicament intended for the treatment of the human or animal body by therapy gene, in particular for the preparation of an antitumor or antiviral medicament intended to inhibit the growth or cause the rejection of a tumor or the death of an infected cell.
- the drug can be administered directly in vivo (for example by intravenous injection, in an accessible tumor or at its periphery, in the lungs by aerosol, in the vascular system by means of an appropriate probe ...) .
- the invention also extends to a method for the treatment of diseases by gene therapy, characterized in that a nucleotide sequence, a recombinant vector, is administered to an organism or to a host cell in need of such treatment. a viral particle or a host cell according to the invention.
- a nucleotide sequence, a recombinant vector or a viral particle allowing the expression of a polypeptide according to the invention having UPRTase activity
- the administration of the UPRTase and CDase sequences can be simultaneous or consecutive, the order of administration being unimportant.
- the therapeutic use or the method of treatment also comprises an additional step according to which the host organism or cell is administered pharmaceutically acceptable amounts of a predrogue, advantageously d analog of cytosine and, in particular of 5-FC.
- a predrogue advantageously d analog of cytosine and, in particular of 5-FC.
- a dose of 50 to 500 mg / kg / day can be used with a preference for 200 mg / kg / day.
- the predrogue is administered according to standard practices and this in a prior, concomitant or even after that of the therapeutic agent according to the invention.
- the oral route is preferred.
- Either a single dose of the pre-drug or repeated doses may be administered long enough to allow the production of the toxic metabolite within the host organism or cell.
- the therapeutic use or the method of treatment is associated with a second treatment of the patient by surgery (in particular by removing the tumor partially or totally), by radiotherapy or chemotherapy.
- the treatment according to the invention is applied beforehand, concomitantly or following said second treatment.
- this treatment will be applied following said second treatment.
- Figure 1 shows the in vitro antiproliferative effect of a buffer (Mock), an empty adenovirus (Ad-null), an adenovirus expressing FCUl (Ad-FCUl) or p53 (Ad-p53) or p53 and FCUl (Ad-p53FCUl) on SW480 cells at an MOI of 1 in the absence of prodrug (100% corresponds to the viability of uninfected cells).
- FIG. 2 shows the in vitro antiproliferative effect of Mock, of an empty adenovirus, of an adenovirus expressing FCUl or p53 or p53 and FCUl on B16F0 cells at an MOI of 100 in the absence of prodrug (100% corresponds to the viability of uninfected cells).
- FIG. 3 shows the in vitro antiproliferative effect of Mock, of an empty adenovirus, of an adenovirus expressing FCUl or p53 or p53 and FCUl on LoVo cells at an MOI of 1 in the absence of prodrug (100% corresponds to the viability of uninfected cells).
- FIG. 4 shows the sensitization in the presence of different concentrations of 5FU of SW480 cells infected with Mock, an empty adenovirus, an adenovirus expressing FCUl or p53 or p53 and FCUl (100% corresponds to the viability of the infected cells in the absence of prodrug).
- FIG. 5 shows the sensitization in the presence of different concentrations of 5FU of the B16F0 cells infected with Mock, an empty adenovirus, an adenovirus expressing FCU1 or p53 or p53 and FCU1 (100% corresponds to the viability of the infected cells in the absence of prodrug).
- FIG. 6 shows the sensitization in the presence of different concentrations of 5FU of LoVo cells infected with Mock, an empty adenovirus, an adenovirus expressing FCU1 or p53 or p53 and FCU1 (100% corresponds to the viability of the infected cells in the absence of prodrug).
- FIG. 7 shows the sensitization in the presence of different concentrations of 5FC of SW40 cells infected with Mock, an empty adenovirus, an adenovirus expressing FCUl or p53 or p53 and FCUl (100% corresponds to the viability of the infected cells in the absence of prodrug).
- FIG. 8 shows the sensitization in the presence of different concentrations of 5FC of the B16F0 cells infected with Mock, an empty adenovirus, an adenovirus expressing FCUl or p53 or p53 and FCUl (100% corresponds to the viability of the infected cells in the absence of prodrug).
- FIG. 9 shows the sensitization in the presence of different concentrations of 5FC of LoVo cells infected with Mock, an empty adenovirus, an adenovirus expressing FCU1 or p53 or p53 and FCU1 (100% corresponds to the viability of the infected cells in the absence of prodrug).
- FIG. 10 represents the survival rate of B6D2 mice in which B16F0 tumor cells treated with different adenoviral compositions have been implanted.
- FIG. 11 shows the sensitization in the presence of different concentrations of 5FC of SK-BR-3 cells (ATCC HTB-22) infected with Mock, an empty adenovirus, an adenovirus expressing FCUl or p53 or p53 and FCUl (100% corresponds to the viability of infected cells in the absence of prodrug).
- Figure 12 shows sensitization in the presence of different concentrations of 5FC of T47-D cells
- FIG. 13 shows the sensitization in the presence of different concentrations of 5FC of WiDr cells (ATCC CCL-218) infected with Mock, an empty adenovirus, an adenovirus expressing FCUl or p53 or p53 and FCUl (100% corresponds to the viability of the infected cells in the absence of prodrug).
- the constructions described below are carried out according to the general techniques of genetic engineering and molecular cloning, detailed in Maniatis et al., (1989, Laboratory Manual, Cold Sprmg Harbor, Laboratory Press, Cold Sprmg Harbor, NY) or according to the recommendations from the manufacturer when using a commercial kit.
- the homologous recombination steps are preferably carried out in the E. coli BJ 5183 strain (Hanahan, 1983, J. Mol. Biol. 166, 557-580).
- the technique used consists of filling the protruding 5 ′ ends with the large fragment of DNA polymerase I from E. coli (Klenow).
- adenoviral genome fragments used in the various constructions described below are indicated precisely according to their position in the nucleotide sequence of the Ad5 genome as disclosed in the Genebank database under the reference M73260.
- the cells are transfected or transduced and cultured according to standard techniques well known to those skilled in the art.
- the coding region of p53 was amplified by PCR from the plasmid pC53-SN3 (Baker et al., 1990, Science 249, 912-915) used as template and the following primers:
- the EcoRI and Xbal sites were introduced respectively 5 ′ and 3 ′ of the coding sequence of p53.
- the PCR fragment of p53 was cut with EcoRI and Xbal and then inserted into the pCI-neo plamide (Promega Corp) to give the plasmid pCI-neop53.
- the Xhol-Xbal fragment of pCI-neop53 containing the p53 gene is isolated and introduced into the vector pTG6600 (Lathe et al, 1987, Gene 57, 193-191) cleaved by these same enzymes, to give the transfer vector pTG6600p53.
- the adenoviral vector Adp53 is reconstituted by homologous recombination in the E.
- Adp53 contains the genome of Ad5 deleted from most of the regions El (nucleotides 459 to 3328) and E3 (nucleotides 28249 to 30758) and in place of El, an expression cassette for the p53 gene placed under control of the CMV early promoter and ⁇ -globule / Ig hybrid splicing sequences.
- the viral particles are generated by transfection into a 293 cell line (ATCC CRL1573) which complement the E1 function.
- EXAMPLE 2 Construction of an adenovirus expressing a bicistronic unit p53 -IRES-FCUl (Adp53FCUl).
- the Ncol-Sall fragment of the plasmid pCI-neoFCUl described in French patent application No. 98.05054 containing the FCU1 fusion gene is isolated and introduced into the vector pTG4369 linearized by Ncol-Sall.
- the plasmid pTG4369FCU1 thus obtained contains the FCU1 gene downstream of the IRES (for Internal Ribosome Entry Site) sequence of EMCV (encephalomyocarditis virus).
- the SacI-NotI fragment of pCI-neop53 is isolated and then inserted into the vector pTG4369FCU1 linearized by SacI-NotI to give the vector pTG4369p53FCU1 in which the p53 gene is placed upstream of the IRES sequence.
- the Nhel-Mlul fragment of pTG4369p53FCU1 containing the sequence p53IRESFCU1 is inserted into the vector pTG6600 cleaved by these same enzymes to give the transfer vector pTG6600p53IRESFCU1.
- the adenoviral vector Adp53FCU1 is reconstituted by homologous recombination in the E. coli strain BJ5183 between the PacI-BstEII fragment of pTG6600p53IRESFCU1 and the vector pTG6624 linearized by ClaI.
- Adp53FCUl contains the genome of Ad5 deleted from most of the El regions (nucleotides 459 to 3328) and E3
- the Xhol-Mlul fragment of pCI-neoFCUI (described in French patent application No. 98.05054) containing the FCU1 fusion gene is isolated and introduced into the vector pTG6600 linearized by Xhol-Mhul to give the transfer vector pTG6600FCUl.
- the homologous recombination between the PacI-BstEII fragment carrying FCUl and isolated from pTG6600FCUl and the vector pTG6624 linearized by ClaI makes it possible to generate the adenoviral vector pTG6624FCUl deleted from the El and E3 regions and comprising in place of El the FCU1 gene placed under the control of the CMV promoter and the ⁇ -globin / Ig hybrid splicing sequences.
- Adenoviral particles are generated by transfection into a 293 cell line
- adenoviral constructs of the previous examples are used to infect in vitro 3 tumor cell lines:
- the cells are infected (MOI of 1 for SW480 and LoVo and MOI of 100 for B16 (F0)) then cultivated in the presence or absence of prodrug (5-fluorocytosine (5FC) or 5-fluorouracil (5FU)) at different concentrations. After trypsinization (at D + 10 for SW480 and at D + 8 for B16 (F0)), the viability of the cells is evaluated with trypan blue. The values reported correspond to the means obtained after 4 counts.
- FIGS. 7 to 9 illustrate similar results obtained using 5FC as a prodrug. These results demonstrate that there is a synergy between the expression products of FCU1 and of p53 for the induction of mortality when 5FC or 5FU are used as prodrugs.
- the adenoviral constructs comprising the p53 gene (Adp53) or the p53 and FCU1 genes (Adp53FCUl) or a non-recombinant adenoviral construct (Ad null) are injected at a dose of 5.10 8 UI on three consecutive days (D + 9, D + 10 and J-rll). From D + 9, 1 ml of 0.9% saline solution or 1 ml of a 1% 5-FC solution are injected mtrapé ⁇ tonéale, twice a day. The results presented in FIG. 10 show an increase in the survival rate of the mice in which the Adp53FCU1 was injected and who were treated with 5-FC.
- the cancer cells present in patients to be treated generally express a non-functional form of p53. Consequently, in order to test the compositions of the invention under conditions comparable with the pathological situations, the adenoviral constructs of the preceding examples were used to infect m vitro 3 types of tumor cell lines: - The SK-BR-3 tumor line (ATCC HTB-22) whose p53 gene is mutated and codes for a non-functional p53 protein (Arg ⁇ 75 > HIS I75 ) (Kovach et al,
- T47-D tumor line ATCC HTB-133 whose p53 gene is mutated and codes for a non-functional p53 protein (Leu 19 > HIS I94 ) (Nigro et al, 1989, Nature, 342, 705-708)
- the WiDr tumor line (ATCC CCL-218) whose p53 gene is mutated and codes for a non-functional p53 protein (Arg 273 > H ⁇ s 2 7 3 ) (Li et al,
- Adp53 and Adp53FCU1 an adenovirus expressing the p53 polypeptide
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Priority Applications (5)
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JP2000619390A JP2003500342A (ja) | 1999-05-25 | 2000-05-25 | 哺乳動物の抗腫瘍治療または抗ウイルス治療用に設計された組成物 |
EP00931350A EP1183371A2 (fr) | 1999-05-25 | 2000-05-25 | Composition destinee a la mise en oeuvre d'un traitement antitumoral ou antiviral chez un mammifere |
CA002374941A CA2374941A1 (fr) | 1999-05-25 | 2000-05-25 | Composition destinee a la mise en oeuvre d'un traitement antitumoral ou antiviral chez un mammifere |
AU49314/00A AU774391B2 (en) | 1999-05-25 | 2000-05-25 | Composition designed for implementing an antitumoral or antiviral treatment in a mammal |
HK02106412.5A HK1046426A1 (zh) | 1999-05-25 | 2002-08-29 | 哺乳動物抗腫瘤和抗病毒治療的組合物 |
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FR9906892A FR2794025A1 (fr) | 1999-05-25 | 1999-05-25 | Composition destinee a la mise en oeuvre d'un traitement antitumoral ou antiviral chez un mammifere |
FR99/06892 | 1999-05-25 |
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JP (1) | JP2003500342A (fr) |
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FR (1) | FR2794025A1 (fr) |
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EP1327688A1 (fr) * | 2002-01-14 | 2003-07-16 | Vereniging Voor Christelijk Wetenschappelijk Onderwijs | Adenoviruses avec capacité lytique augmentée |
JP2009286795A (ja) * | 2002-07-03 | 2009-12-10 | Ono Pharmaceut Co Ltd | モノクローナル抗体 |
US7893033B2 (en) | 2002-05-06 | 2011-02-22 | Board Of Regents, The University Of Texas System | Targeting proteins to deliver therapeutic or diagnostic reagents |
US8779105B2 (en) | 2005-05-09 | 2014-07-15 | Medarex, L.L.C. | Monoclonal antibodies to programmed death 1 (PD-1) |
US20160075782A1 (en) | 2005-07-01 | 2016-03-17 | E.R. Squibb & Sons, L. L. C. | Human monoclonal antibodies to programmed death ligand 1 (pd-l1) |
US9683048B2 (en) | 2014-01-24 | 2017-06-20 | Novartis Ag | Antibody molecules to PD-1 and uses thereof |
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Families Citing this family (1)
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DE602005012535D1 (de) * | 2004-11-08 | 2009-03-12 | Transgene Sa | Aus teilen bestehendes kit für die durchführung einer antitumorbehandlung oder antiviralen behandlung in einem säugetier |
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US5358866A (en) * | 1991-07-03 | 1994-10-25 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Department Of Health And Human Services | Cytosine deaminase negative selection system for gene transfer techniques and therapies |
US5856153A (en) * | 1994-11-17 | 1999-01-05 | Cayla | Suicide genes and new associations of pyrimidine nucleobase and nucleoside analogs with new suicide genes for gene therapy of acquired diseases |
US6030956A (en) * | 1996-10-24 | 2000-02-29 | Boulikas; Teni | Combination gene therapy for human cancers |
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1999
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2000
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- 2000-05-25 CA CA002374941A patent/CA2374941A1/fr not_active Abandoned
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- 2000-05-25 AU AU49314/00A patent/AU774391B2/en not_active Ceased
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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CA2374941A1 (fr) | 2000-11-30 |
FR2794025A1 (fr) | 2000-12-01 |
AU774391B2 (en) | 2004-06-24 |
AU4931400A (en) | 2000-12-12 |
HK1046426A1 (zh) | 2003-01-10 |
EP1183371A2 (fr) | 2002-03-06 |
WO2000071078A3 (fr) | 2001-04-19 |
JP2003500342A (ja) | 2003-01-07 |
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