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WO1999035391A1 - Configuration de soupape pour moteur a combustion a recirculation des gaz d'echappement - Google Patents

Configuration de soupape pour moteur a combustion a recirculation des gaz d'echappement Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1999035391A1
WO1999035391A1 PCT/SE1998/002376 SE9802376W WO9935391A1 WO 1999035391 A1 WO1999035391 A1 WO 1999035391A1 SE 9802376 W SE9802376 W SE 9802376W WO 9935391 A1 WO9935391 A1 WO 9935391A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
exhaust
valve
engine
recirculation line
cylinder
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/SE1998/002376
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Ulf Lundqvist
Original Assignee
Scania Cv Aktiebolag (Publ)
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Scania Cv Aktiebolag (Publ) filed Critical Scania Cv Aktiebolag (Publ)
Priority to DE19882115T priority Critical patent/DE19882115T1/de
Publication of WO1999035391A1 publication Critical patent/WO1999035391A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L3/00—Lift-valve, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closure members having at least a component of their opening and closing motion perpendicular to the closing faces; Parts or accessories thereof
    • F01L3/22—Valve-seats not provided for in preceding subgroups of this group; Fixing of valve-seats
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M26/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding exhaust gases to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture, e.g. by exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] systems
    • F02M26/13—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories
    • F02M26/14—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories in relation to the exhaust system
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M26/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding exhaust gases to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture, e.g. by exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] systems
    • F02M26/13—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories
    • F02M26/41—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories characterised by the arrangement of the recirculation passage in relation to the engine, e.g. to cylinder heads, liners, spark plugs or manifolds; characterised by the arrangement of the recirculation passage in relation to specially adapted combustion chambers

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a device in accordance with preamble to patent claim 1.
  • short route EGR the exhaust gases are taken from a point before an exhaust gas turbine arranged in the exhaust system and are fed back at a point after an inlet air compressor arranged in the inlet system.
  • long route EGR the exhaust gases are taken from a point after the exhaust gas turbine and are fed back at a point before the inlet air compressor.
  • An advantage of the short route version is that it is possible to avoid fouling of a charge air cooler for the inlet air.
  • a disadvantage of the short route version is that it requires some form of pressure increasing device because the exhaust gases are fed back at a point where the pressure is normally higher than the pressure prevailing in the exhaust manifold of the exhaust system.
  • US 4 422 430 refers to exhaust gases being fed back to the inlet of a four-stroke Otto engine with a view to improving the mixture of air and fuel led into a cylinder.
  • exhaust gases are fed back from a cylinder via a direct line to the inlet of another cylinder whose working cycle differs by 360 crankshaft degrees.
  • Exhaust gases are thus led from a cylinder which is in the expansion stroke to the inlet of a cylinder which is in the intake stroke.
  • the exhaust gases fed back impart to the inlet air concerned a turbulence which promotes effective mixing of fuel and air, in addition to which the hot exhaust gases fed back are intended to also improve the vaporisation of the fuel.
  • An object of the present invention is to eliminate the problems of the known technique of using an exhaust gas recirculation solution of the short route type in a supercharged diesel engine.
  • the invention thus has the object of making efficient exhaust gas recirculation possible without using a separate supercharging unit or other pressure increasing device for the exhaust gases fed back.
  • the invention makes it possible for the pressure which normally prevails in a cylinder during the expansion stroke and/or the exhaust stroke to be used for transferring exhaust gases to the engine inlet system even in cases where supercharging results in a relatively high inlet pressure. This eliminates the need for arranging a charging compressor or the like for feeding the EGR gases in, thereby making the installation simpler and less expensive.
  • Fig.1 shows a cylinder head for an engine with an exhaust valve in a fully closed position
  • Fig.2 shows the valve in a position in which a recirculation line for exhaust gases is open but the ordinary exhaust duct is closed
  • Fig.3 shows the valve in a position in which both the recirculation line and the ordinary exhaust duct are open
  • Fig.4 shows schematically parts of the engine inlet and exhaust systems.
  • Fig.1 depicts schematically a cylinder head 1 forming part of a combustion engine of piston engine type with a multiplicity of cylinders, six in this embodiment.
  • the engine is a four-stroke diesel engine intended, for example, for a heavy-duty vehicle such as a truck or a bus.
  • Figs.1-3 depict schematically a cylinder head 1 for one cylinder, and the cylinder heads for the other cylinders are of substantially the same form.
  • Fig.2 depicts the cylinder schematically with the reference notation 2.
  • the cylinder head 1 is provided in a conventional manner with camshaft-controlled inlet valves and exhaust valves for the respective supply of combustion air to and removal of combustion gases from the cylinder 2.
  • the attached drawings show only one exhaust valve 4 arranged in an exhaust duct 5.
  • the exhaust valve 4 takes the form of a disc valve with a vertical valve stem 6 at the end of which a valve disc 7 is arranged. At the transition between the valve stem 6 and the valve disc 7, the valve is provided with a substantially
  • the cylinder head 1 also incorporates a recirculation line 9 which is connected to the engine's inlet system and via which exhaust gases can be fed back from the cylinder concerned to the engine's inlet system in order in a conventional manner to limit emissions.
  • the cylinder head 1 incorporates at the mouth of the exhaust duct 5 in the engine cylinder a valve seat ring 10 against which the exhaust valve 4 is arranged to seal in a closed position and which is also situated at the mouth of the recirculation line 9.
  • the valve seat ring 10 is provided with an internal annular space 11 which communicates with and forms part of the recirculation line 9 and which is provided with an aperture 12 which faces downwards towards the cylinder and the upper side of the valve disc 7.
  • the recirculation line 9 thus has an extent which is substantially at right angles to the valve disc 7.
  • the valve seat ring 10 has an inside diameter which is of the same order of magnitude as the cylindrical portion 8 of the valve so that they form a valve element for the exhaust duct 5.
  • Fig.1 shows the exhaust valve 4 in a closed position which is the same as its uppermost position. In this position the valve disc 7 bears sealingly on the valve seat ring aperture 12 for the recirculation line 9 and, at the same time, the valve seat ring 10 overlaps at least part of the cylindrical portion 8 of the valve. In this position both the recirculation line and the exhaust duct 8 are closed by the exhaust valve 4.
  • Fig.2 shows a position in which the valve 4 is pressed somewhat downwards from the position depicted in Fig.1.
  • the valve disc 7 has ceased to bear on the valve seat ring aperture 12 and the recirculation line has thus opened the connection to the engine's inlet system.
  • the valve seat ring 10 nevertheless continues to overlap the cylindrical portion 8, so the exhaust duct 5 remains closed.
  • Fig.3 shows a position in which the valve 4 is pressed further downwards. In this position the valve seat ring 10 no longer overlaps the cylindrical portion 8. The exhaust duct 5 is thus now also open and exhaust gases in the cylinder can flow out via the exhaust duct 5 to turbo unit, silencer and other units in the exhaust system.
  • Fig.4 depicts schematically parts of the engine's inlet system and exhaust system.
  • Each of the recirculation lines 9 of the cylinders is connected to a common exhaust manifold 20.
  • This exhaust manifold 20 is only intended for the exhaust gases which are to be fed back and is therefore separate from the engine's ordinary exhaust manifold (not depicted) which carries exhaust gases from the exhaust ducts 5 to the exhaust system.
  • the exhaust manifold 20 of the recirculation lines is connected by a first line 13 to a cooler 14 for the exhaust gases being fed back.
  • the cooler 14 is itself connected by a second line 15 to an inlet chamber 16 which forms part of the engine's inlet system and from which an inlet manifold (not depicted) leads to the respective cylinders.
  • the inlet chamber 16 is connected by a third line 17 to a supercharging unit 18 in the form of a compressor which forms part of a turbocharger.
  • the second line 15 for the exhaust gases being fed back thus connects to a point downstream from the supercharging unit 18 as seen in the direction of flow of the inlet air.
  • the second line 15 also incorporates an EGR valve 19 for controlling the exhaust gases being fed back.
  • the EGR valve 19 is controlled by an electrical control system 21 which receives necessary input signals representing necessary engine parameters from sensors (not depicted) intended for the purpose.
  • the arrangement described is intended to function as follows.
  • the exhaust valve 4 is suitably controlled in a conventional manner by means of a camshaft whose profile is adapted so that the engine's exhaust valves and inlet valves open and close at appropriate times.
  • the camshaft profile is such that the valve position depicted in Fig.2 is assumed immediately after the valve position according to Fig.3. Combustion in the cylinder increases the pressure, and the expansion of the cylinder makes the engine perform work.
  • the exhaust valve 4 is fully closed as depicted in Fig.1.
  • the exhaust valve 4 opens to the position depicted in Fig.2.
  • Exhaust gases at relatively high pressure will therefore flow out via the recirculation line 9 to the exhaust manifold 20, as illustrated by arrows in Fig.2.
  • the high pressure causes in the exhaust manifold 20 a build-up of exhaust gases at higher pressure than that prevailing in the inlet system's inlet chamber 16.
  • the cylinder's expansion stroke then gives way to an exhaust stroke during which the remaining exhaust gases in the cylinder 2 are pumped out.
  • the valve 4 has assumed the position depicted in Fig.3.
  • the exhaust gases flowing from the cylinder to the recirculation line 9 and the exhaust duct 5 are represented by arrows.
  • the stagnation pressure helps to prevent excessive quantities of exhaust gases flowing back out of the exhaust manifold during the brief period when the pressure in the exhaust manifold 20 is higher than the pressure in the exhaust system adjacent to the cylinder.
  • the exhaust gases from the respective cylinders are fed back to an inlet chamber 16 which is common to all of the cylinders.
  • recirculation from a cylinder may be to the inlet duct of another cylinder whose working cycle differs by 360 crankshaft degrees. This means that recirculation will go to a cylinder which is in an inlet stroke, which may further improve advantageous flow but which at the same time entails a need for additional EGR valves.
  • the embodiment described refers to one exhaust valve 4 for one cylinder.
  • the engine incorporates a number of exhaust valves, e.g. two, for each cylinder, it is possible to provide each exhaust valve with connections for recirculation lines, but it is also possible to provide only one of them with a recirculation line.
  • not all of the engine's exhaust valves need be provided with connections for recirculation lines.
  • the invention is particularly advantageous in supercharged diesel engines but may also be used with advantage in both unsupercharged engines and other types of engines.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Cylinder Crankcases Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
  • Exhaust-Gas Circulating Devices (AREA)
  • Supercharger (AREA)

Abstract

Dispositif situé dans une culasse pour un moteur à combustion, qui comporte au moins une soupape (4) d'échappement située dans une conduite (5) d'échappement et une conduite (9) de recirculation destinée à réintroduire des gaz d'échappement dans le système d'admission du moteur. Une extrémité (12) de la conduite (9) de recirculation est située adjacente à la soupape (4) d'échappement et peut être fermée par ladite soupape, cette dernière étant configurée pour ouvrir la conduite (9) de recirculation avant d'ouvrir la conduite (5) d'échappement, si bien que la pression dans le cylindre (2) pendant la course de détente de ce dernier peut être utilisée pour le transfert des gaz d'échappement vers le système d'admission du moteur. Ledit dispositif permet de renvoyer des gaz d'échappement dans l'admission du moteur, même dans les cas où le moteur est suralimenté et où la pression dans le système d'admission du moteur est normalement plus élevée que la pression dans le système d'échappement, sans qu'il soit nécessaire d'avoir recours à des dispositifs spéciaux d'augmentation de la pression.
PCT/SE1998/002376 1997-12-23 1998-12-18 Configuration de soupape pour moteur a combustion a recirculation des gaz d'echappement WO1999035391A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19882115T DE19882115T1 (de) 1997-12-23 1998-12-18 Ventilanordnung für einen Verbrennungsmotor mit Auspuffgas-Rückführung

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE9704850A SE9704850L (sv) 1997-12-23 1997-12-23 Ventilanordning vid förbränningsmotor med avgasåterföring
SE9704850-8 1997-12-23

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1999035391A1 true WO1999035391A1 (fr) 1999-07-15

Family

ID=20409552

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/SE1998/002376 WO1999035391A1 (fr) 1997-12-23 1998-12-18 Configuration de soupape pour moteur a combustion a recirculation des gaz d'echappement

Country Status (3)

Country Link
DE (1) DE19882115T1 (fr)
SE (1) SE9704850L (fr)
WO (1) WO1999035391A1 (fr)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
RU2403408C1 (ru) * 2009-06-10 2010-11-10 Государственное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования "Елецкий государственный университет им. И.А. Бунина" Механизм газораспределения
WO2012076183A1 (fr) * 2010-12-11 2012-06-14 Man Diesel & Turbo, Filial Af Man Diesel & Turbo Se, Tyskland Moteur à combustion interne, soupape d'échappement et culasse pour ce moteur, et fabrication, fonctionnement et utilisation d'un moteur à combustion interne
US10012153B2 (en) 2012-08-15 2018-07-03 General Electric Company System and method for engine control
US10221798B2 (en) 2015-12-01 2019-03-05 Ge Global Sourcing Llc Method and systems for airflow control

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4119071A (en) * 1976-09-17 1978-10-10 Toyota Jidosha Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Exhaust gas recirculating device in an internal combustion engine
EP0062131A1 (fr) * 1981-04-07 1982-10-13 RENAULT VEHICULES INDUSTRIELS Société dite: Procédé et dispositif pour améliorer les performances d'un moteur à piston suralimenté
US4422430A (en) * 1980-11-28 1983-12-27 Osrodek Badawczo-Rozwojowy Samochodow Malolitrazowych Bosmal Method and a system for the creation of turbulence and gasification of the air-fuel mixture

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4119071A (en) * 1976-09-17 1978-10-10 Toyota Jidosha Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Exhaust gas recirculating device in an internal combustion engine
US4422430A (en) * 1980-11-28 1983-12-27 Osrodek Badawczo-Rozwojowy Samochodow Malolitrazowych Bosmal Method and a system for the creation of turbulence and gasification of the air-fuel mixture
EP0062131A1 (fr) * 1981-04-07 1982-10-13 RENAULT VEHICULES INDUSTRIELS Société dite: Procédé et dispositif pour améliorer les performances d'un moteur à piston suralimenté

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
RU2403408C1 (ru) * 2009-06-10 2010-11-10 Государственное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования "Елецкий государственный университет им. И.А. Бунина" Механизм газораспределения
WO2012076183A1 (fr) * 2010-12-11 2012-06-14 Man Diesel & Turbo, Filial Af Man Diesel & Turbo Se, Tyskland Moteur à combustion interne, soupape d'échappement et culasse pour ce moteur, et fabrication, fonctionnement et utilisation d'un moteur à combustion interne
DE102010054206A1 (de) * 2010-12-11 2012-06-14 Man Diesel & Turbo, Filial Af Man Diesel & Turbo Se, Tyskland Verbrennungsmotor, Auslassventil und Zylinderkopf dafür, sowie Herstellung, Betrieb und Verwendung eines Verbrennungsmotors
CN103370523A (zh) * 2010-12-11 2013-10-23 曼柴油机涡轮机欧洲股份公司曼柴油机涡轮机德国分公司 内燃机、排气阀和用于内燃机的缸盖以及内燃机的制造、运行和应用
JP2013545028A (ja) * 2010-12-11 2013-12-19 エムエーエヌ・ディーゼル・アンド・ターボ・フィリアル・アフ・エムエーエヌ・ディーゼル・アンド・ターボ・エスイー・ティスクランド 内燃機関、そのための排気弁及びシリンダヘッド、並びに、内燃機関の製造、運転及び使用
CN103370523B (zh) * 2010-12-11 2015-11-25 曼柴油机涡轮机欧洲股份公司曼柴油机涡轮机德国分公司 二冲程大型柴油机、缸盖和燃烧气体提取方法
KR101577677B1 (ko) 2010-12-11 2015-12-15 맨 디젤 앤드 터보 필리얼 아프 맨 디젤 앤드 터보 에스이 티스크랜드 내연기관, 이를 위한 배기 밸브와 실린더 헤드 및 내연기관의 제조, 작동 및 이용
DE102010054206B4 (de) 2010-12-11 2018-09-06 Man Diesel & Turbo, Filial Af Man Diesel & Turbo Se, Tyskland Zweitakt-Großdieselmotor, Auslassventil und Zylinderkopf dafür, sowie Herstellung, Betrieb und Verwendung eines Verbrennungsmotors
US10012153B2 (en) 2012-08-15 2018-07-03 General Electric Company System and method for engine control
US10221798B2 (en) 2015-12-01 2019-03-05 Ge Global Sourcing Llc Method and systems for airflow control

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
SE510614C2 (sv) 1999-06-07
DE19882115T1 (de) 2000-01-13
SE9704850D0 (sv) 1997-12-23
SE9704850L (sv) 1999-06-07

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