WO1999035177A1 - Procede de synthese de polymeres a blocs par polymerisation radicalaire controlee a partir de composes dithiocarbamates - Google Patents
Procede de synthese de polymeres a blocs par polymerisation radicalaire controlee a partir de composes dithiocarbamatesInfo
- Publication number
- WO1999035177A1 WO1999035177A1 PCT/FR1998/002867 FR9802867W WO9935177A1 WO 1999035177 A1 WO1999035177 A1 WO 1999035177A1 FR 9802867 W FR9802867 W FR 9802867W WO 9935177 A1 WO9935177 A1 WO 9935177A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- formula
- groups
- polymer
- alkyl
- mmol
- Prior art date
Links
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 106
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 52
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 title description 28
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 title description 26
- 150000004659 dithiocarbamates Chemical class 0.000 title description 9
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 92
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000003999 initiator Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 60
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 claims description 45
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 claims description 41
- -1 alkylarylcarbonyl Chemical group 0.000 claims description 35
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 35
- 238000010526 radical polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 31
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 26
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 25
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 20
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 claims description 14
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 claims description 13
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000007870 radical polymerization initiator Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 229920000058 polyacrylate Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- 150000001447 alkali salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000004433 nitrogen atom Chemical group N* 0.000 claims description 9
- KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butadiene Chemical compound C=CC=C KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000001735 carboxylic acids Chemical group 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000000623 heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000003903 2-propenyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])=C([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 6
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- XFXPMWWXUTWYJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyanide Chemical compound N#[C-] XFXPMWWXUTWYJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000004423 acyloxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000004453 alkoxycarbonyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000004448 alkyl carbonyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000005099 aryl alkyl carbonyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000005129 aryl carbonyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000005161 aryl oxy carbonyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000003917 carbamoyl group Chemical group [H]N([H])C(*)=O 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000004093 cyano group Chemical group *C#N 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000005842 heteroatom Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000005544 phthalimido group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920000233 poly(alkylene oxides) Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920002689 polyvinyl acetate Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011118 polyvinyl acetate Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000002355 alkine group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000002915 carbonyl group Chemical group [*:2]C([*:1])=O 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000003754 ethoxycarbonyl group Chemical group C(=O)(OCC)* 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000003242 quaternary ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000002252 acyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000002009 alkene group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000001181 organosilyl group Chemical group [SiH3]* 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920005553 polystyrene-acrylate Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bisulfite Chemical class OS([O-])=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- YACLQRRMGMJLJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N chloroprene Chemical compound ClC(=C)C=C YACLQRRMGMJLJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000000547 substituted alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002319 Poly(methyl acrylate) Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000002877 alkyl aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000003710 aryl alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000000484 butyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000000999 tert-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000003460 sulfonic acids Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 71
- DKVNPHBNOWQYFE-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbamodithioic acid Chemical compound NC(S)=S DKVNPHBNOWQYFE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 65
- 239000012990 dithiocarbamate Substances 0.000 description 65
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 61
- OZAIFHULBGXAKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-cyanopropan-2-yldiazenyl)-2-methylpropanenitrile Chemical compound N#CC(C)(C)N=NC(C)(C)C#N OZAIFHULBGXAKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 60
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 46
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 41
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 41
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylsulphoxide Chemical compound CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 39
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 36
- 229920001519 homopolymer Polymers 0.000 description 36
- YIVJZNGAASQVEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lauroyl peroxide Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OOC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCC YIVJZNGAASQVEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 29
- JIGUQPWFLRLWPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acrylate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C=C JIGUQPWFLRLWPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 27
- PNJWIWWMYCMZRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N pent‐4‐en‐2‐one Natural products CC(=O)CC=C PNJWIWWMYCMZRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 27
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 24
- XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OC=C XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 22
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 21
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 21
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- 229920001400 block copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 16
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 15
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 15
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Heptane Chemical compound CCCCCCC IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 14
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 14
- QGJOPFRUJISHPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon disulfide Chemical compound S=C=S QGJOPFRUJISHPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pentane Chemical compound CCCCC OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 12
- 238000004440 column chromatography Methods 0.000 description 12
- 239000012429 reaction media Substances 0.000 description 12
- 229910000104 sodium hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- 239000012074 organic phase Substances 0.000 description 10
- WLWCQKMQYZFTDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethyl 2-chloropropanedioate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C(Cl)C(=O)OCC WLWCQKMQYZFTDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 7
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium sulfate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 6
- BAPJBEWLBFYGME-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl acrylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C=C BAPJBEWLBFYGME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000011550 stock solution Substances 0.000 description 6
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 6
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000009281 ultraviolet germicidal irradiation Methods 0.000 description 5
- IZXIZTKNFFYFOF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Oxazolidone Chemical compound O=C1NCCO1 IZXIZTKNFFYFOF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- QIGBRXMKCJKVMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydroquinone Chemical compound OC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 QIGBRXMKCJKVMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- KEAYESYHFKHZAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sodium Chemical compound [Na] KEAYESYHFKHZAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000008346 aqueous phase Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000012267 brine Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229940080818 propionamide Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 239000012312 sodium hydride Substances 0.000 description 4
- HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;chloride;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Na+].[Cl-] HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 229920001567 vinyl ester resin Polymers 0.000 description 4
- ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Butanone Chemical compound CCC(C)=O ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acrylate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- KXDHJXZQYSOELW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Carbamate Chemical compound NC([O-])=O KXDHJXZQYSOELW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- ABBZJHFBQXYTLU-UHFFFAOYSA-N but-3-enamide Chemical compound NC(=O)CC=C ABBZJHFBQXYTLU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 3
- UYMKPFRHYYNDTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenamine Chemical compound NC=C UYMKPFRHYYNDTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 3
- 125000004029 hydroxymethyl group Chemical group [H]OC([H])([H])* 0.000 description 3
- 229920002521 macromolecule Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229910052943 magnesium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 235000019341 magnesium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- ZQXSMRAEXCEDJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-ethenylformamide Chemical compound C=CNC=O ZQXSMRAEXCEDJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 3
- QLNJFJADRCOGBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N propionamide Chemical compound CCC(N)=O QLNJFJADRCOGBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000012047 saturated solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000000346 sugar Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 150000008163 sugars Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000007738 vacuum evaporation Methods 0.000 description 3
- KWGRBVOPPLSCSI-WPRPVWTQSA-N (-)-ephedrine Chemical compound CN[C@@H](C)[C@H](O)C1=CC=CC=C1 KWGRBVOPPLSCSI-WPRPVWTQSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)ethanamine Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C)C=C1CCN SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SOGAXMICEFXMKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butylmethacrylate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C(C)=C SOGAXMICEFXMKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OCC OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BWGNESOTFCXPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydrogen disulfide Chemical compound SS BWGNESOTFCXPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methacrylic acid Chemical compound CC(=C)C(O)=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl methacrylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C(C)=C VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ROOXNKNUYICQNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium persulfate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)OOS([O-])(=O)=O ROOXNKNUYICQNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000003863 ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 244000309464 bull Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- PAFZNILMFXTMIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexylamine Chemical compound NC1CCCCC1 PAFZNILMFXTMIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000007872 degassing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000001991 dicarboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000000539 dimer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 2
- FQPSGWSUVKBHSU-UHFFFAOYSA-N methacrylamide Chemical compound CC(=C)C(N)=O FQPSGWSUVKBHSU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920000120 polyethyl acrylate Polymers 0.000 description 2
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- QDRKDTQENPPHOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium ethoxide Chemical compound [Na+].CC[O-] QDRKDTQENPPHOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 159000000000 sodium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 2
- 239000006228 supernatant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000428 triblock copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000012991 xanthate Substances 0.000 description 2
- QEQBMZQFDDDTPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N (2-methylpropan-2-yl)oxy benzenecarboperoxoate Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OOOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 QEQBMZQFDDDTPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WSLDOOZREJYCGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-Dichloroethane Chemical compound ClCCCl WSLDOOZREJYCGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AYMDJPGTQFHDSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(2-ethenoxyethoxy)-2-ethoxyethane Chemical compound CCOCCOCCOC=C AYMDJPGTQFHDSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DOGQRRGVLIGIEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(prop-2-enoylamino)butane-2-sulfonic acid Chemical compound CCC(S(O)(=O)=O)CNC(=O)C=C DOGQRRGVLIGIEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OSSNTDFYBPYIEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethenylimidazole Chemical compound C=CN1C=CN=C1 OSSNTDFYBPYIEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XMNIXWIUMCBBBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-phenylpropan-2-ylperoxy)propan-2-ylbenzene Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(C)(C)OOC(C)(C)C1=CC=CC=C1 XMNIXWIUMCBBBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JAHNSTQSQJOJLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-fluorophenyl)-1h-imidazole Chemical compound FC1=CC=CC(C=2NC=CN=2)=C1 JAHNSTQSQJOJLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PYKCEDJHRUUDRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(tert-butyldiazenyl)-2-methylpropanenitrile Chemical compound CC(C)(C)N=NC(C)(C)C#N PYKCEDJHRUUDRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GOXQRTZXKQZDDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Ethylhexyl acrylate Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)COC(=O)C=C GOXQRTZXKQZDDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MWGATWIBSKHFMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-anilinoethanol Chemical compound OCCNC1=CC=CC=C1 MWGATWIBSKHFMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VMSBGXAJJLPWKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethenylbenzenesulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C=C VMSBGXAJJLPWKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AQKYLAIZOGOPAW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylbutan-2-yl 2,2-dimethylpropaneperoxoate Chemical compound CCC(C)(C)OOC(=O)C(C)(C)C AQKYLAIZOGOPAW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RUMACXVDVNRZJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylpropyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(C)COC(=O)C(C)=C RUMACXVDVNRZJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CFVWNXQPGQOHRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylpropyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(C)COC(=O)C=C CFVWNXQPGQOHRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KGIGUEBEKRSTEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-vinylpyridine Chemical class C=CC1=CC=CC=N1 KGIGUEBEKRSTEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FRIBMENBGGCKPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(2,3-dimethoxyphenyl)prop-2-enal Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC(C=CC=O)=C1OC FRIBMENBGGCKPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7553-56-2 Chemical compound [I] ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acetate Chemical compound CC([O-])=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylamide Chemical compound NC(=O)C=C HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylonitrile Chemical compound C=CC#N NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004342 Benzoyl peroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- OMPJBNCRMGITSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzoylperoxide Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(=O)OOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 OMPJBNCRMGITSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 0 C*SC(NCCc1c(C)cccc1)=S Chemical compound C*SC(NCCc1c(C)cccc1)=S 0.000 description 1
- XFTUNCXFMDAKCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N CC(C)(C#N)SC(N(C(C)(C)CO1)C1=O)=S Chemical compound CC(C)(C#N)SC(N(C(C)(C)CO1)C1=O)=S XFTUNCXFMDAKCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YNTOKMNHRPSGFU-UHFFFAOYSA-N CCCOC(N)=O Chemical compound CCCOC(N)=O YNTOKMNHRPSGFU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RQWFTVSRBYTDGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N CCOC(C(C(OCC)=O)SC(N(C(CO1)c2ccccc2)C1=O)=S)=O Chemical compound CCOC(C(C(OCC)=O)SC(N(C(CO1)c2ccccc2)C1=O)=S)=O RQWFTVSRBYTDGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical group C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical group [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GYCMBHHDWRMZGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methylacrylonitrile Chemical compound CC(=C)C#N GYCMBHHDWRMZGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CNCOEDDPFOAUMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylolacrylamide Chemical compound OCNC(=O)C=C CNCOEDDPFOAUMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AFBPFSWMIHJQDM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-methylaniline Chemical compound CNC1=CC=CC=C1 AFBPFSWMIHJQDM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QLZHNIAADXEJJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenylphosphonic acid Chemical compound OP(O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 QLZHNIAADXEJJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YGYAWVDWMABLBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosgene Chemical compound ClC(Cl)=O YGYAWVDWMABLBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical group [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propanedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PCBOWMZAEDDKNH-HOTGVXAUSA-N [4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]methyl (3as,6as)-2-(3-fluoro-4-sulfamoylbenzoyl)-1,3,3a,4,6,6a-hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole-5-carboxylate Chemical compound C1=C(F)C(S(=O)(=O)N)=CC=C1C(=O)N1C[C@H]2CN(C(=O)OCC=3C=CC(OC(F)(F)F)=CC=3)C[C@@H]2C1 PCBOWMZAEDDKNH-HOTGVXAUSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001252 acrylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- XYLMUPLGERFSHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-Methylstyrene Chemical compound CC(=C)C1=CC=CC=C1 XYLMUPLGERFSHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000004103 aminoalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910001870 ammonium persulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010560 atom transfer radical polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019400 benzoyl peroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000010290 biphenyl Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004305 biphenyl Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- CQEYYJKEWSMYFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl acrylate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C=C CQEYYJKEWSMYFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004177 carbon cycle Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000006297 carbonyl amino group Chemical group [H]N([*:2])C([*:1])=O 0.000 description 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FZFAMSAMCHXGEF-UHFFFAOYSA-N chloro formate Chemical compound ClOC=O FZFAMSAMCHXGEF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- VBWIZSYFQSOUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexanecarbonitrile Chemical compound N#CC1CCCCC1 VBWIZSYFQSOUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KWGRBVOPPLSCSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N d-ephedrine Natural products CNC(C)C(O)C1=CC=CC=C1 KWGRBVOPPLSCSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AFZSMODLJJCVPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibenzothiazol-2-yl disulfide Chemical compound C1=CC=C2SC(SSC=3SC4=CC=CC=C4N=3)=NC2=C1 AFZSMODLJJCVPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004683 dihydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000007323 disproportionation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002019 disulfides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229960002179 ephedrine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- UIWXSTHGICQLQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenyl propanoate Chemical compound CCC(=O)OC=C UIWXSTHGICQLQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SUPCQIBBMFXVTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C(C)=C SUPCQIBBMFXVTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000004820 halides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000001072 heteroaryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000010505 homolytic fission reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- YAMHXTCMCPHKLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N imidazolidin-2-one Chemical compound O=C1NCCN1 YAMHXTCMCPHKLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011630 iodine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012690 ionic polymerization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 159000000014 iron salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052744 lithium Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N maleic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C/C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011976 maleic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- NDBQJIBNNUJNHA-DFWYDOINSA-N methyl (2s)-2-amino-3-hydroxypropanoate;hydrochloride Chemical compound Cl.COC(=O)[C@@H](N)CO NDBQJIBNNUJNHA-DFWYDOINSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- LVHBHZANLOWSRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylenebutanedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)CC(=C)C(O)=O LVHBHZANLOWSRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002763 monocarboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000010413 mother solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- WTNTZFRNCHEDOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-(2-hydroxyethyl)-2-methylpropanamide Chemical compound CC(C)C(=O)NCCO WTNTZFRNCHEDOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QYZFTMMPKCOTAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-[2-(2-hydroxyethylamino)ethyl]-2-[[1-[2-(2-hydroxyethylamino)ethylamino]-2-methyl-1-oxopropan-2-yl]diazenyl]-2-methylpropanamide Chemical compound OCCNCCNC(=O)C(C)(C)N=NC(C)(C)C(=O)NCCNCCO QYZFTMMPKCOTAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002825 nitriles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- HSNHLHNSJCYPNU-UHFFFAOYSA-N o-propan-2-yl propan-2-ylsulfanylmethanethioate Chemical compound CC(C)OC(=S)SC(C)C HSNHLHNSJCYPNU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000013110 organic ligand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003071 parasitic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N perchloric acid Chemical class OCl(=O)(=O)=O VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002976 peresters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenylbenzene Natural products C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000006303 photolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015843 photosynthesis, light reaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000011736 potassium bicarbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000015497 potassium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910000028 potassium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000015320 potassium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910000027 potassium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- TYJJADVDDVDEDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium hydrogencarbonate Chemical compound [K+].OC([O-])=O TYJJADVDDVDEDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- USHAGKDGDHPEEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium persulfate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)OOS([O-])(=O)=O USHAGKDGDHPEEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- HJWLCRVIBGQPNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N prop-2-enylbenzene Chemical compound C=CCC1=CC=CC=C1 HJWLCRVIBGQPNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001902 propagating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- PNXMTCDJUBJHQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N propyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCCOC(=O)C=C PNXMTCDJUBJHQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- XWGJFPHUCFXLBL-UHFFFAOYSA-M rongalite Chemical compound [Na+].OCS([O-])=O XWGJFPHUCFXLBL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- HRZFUMHJMZEROT-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium disulfite Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S(=O)S([O-])(=O)=O HRZFUMHJMZEROT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229940001584 sodium metabisulfite Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000010262 sodium metabisulphite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000004763 sulfides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000000542 sulfonic acid group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 102000055501 telomere Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108091035539 telomere Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 210000003411 telomere Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- DYHSDKLCOJIUFX-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butoxycarbonyl anhydride Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OC(=O)OC(=O)OC(C)(C)C DYHSDKLCOJIUFX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OPQYOFWUFGEMRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl 2,2-dimethylpropaneperoxoate Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OOC(=O)C(C)(C)C OPQYOFWUFGEMRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NMOALOSNPWTWRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl 7,7-dimethyloctaneperoxoate Chemical compound CC(C)(C)CCCCCC(=O)OOC(C)(C)C NMOALOSNPWTWRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SWAXTRYEYUTSAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl ethaneperoxoate Chemical compound CC(=O)OOC(C)(C)C SWAXTRYEYUTSAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ISXSCDLOGDJUNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OC(=O)C=C ISXSCDLOGDJUNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CIHOLLKRGTVIJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert‐butyl hydroperoxide Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OO CIHOLLKRGTVIJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NLVXSWCKKBEXTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N vinylsulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)C=C NLVXSWCKKBEXTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CAAIULQYGCAMCD-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc;hydroxymethanesulfinate Chemical compound [Zn+2].OCS([O-])=O.OCS([O-])=O CAAIULQYGCAMCD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F293/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerisation on to a macromolecule having groups capable of inducing the formation of new polymer chains bound exclusively at one or both ends of the starting macromolecule
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F2/00—Processes of polymerisation
- C08F2/38—Polymerisation using regulators, e.g. chain terminating agents, e.g. telomerisation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F293/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerisation on to a macromolecule having groups capable of inducing the formation of new polymer chains bound exclusively at one or both ends of the starting macromolecule
- C08F293/005—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerisation on to a macromolecule having groups capable of inducing the formation of new polymer chains bound exclusively at one or both ends of the starting macromolecule using free radical "living" or "controlled" polymerisation, e.g. using a complexing agent
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a new radical polymerization process giving access to block copolymers.
- Block copolymers are usually prepared by ionic polymerization. This type of polymerization has several disadvantages: - it only allows the polymerization of certain types of apolar monomers, in particular styrene and butadiene,
- Radical polymerization has the advantage of being easily carried out without excessive purity conditions being met and at temperatures equal to or above ambient.
- the macroradicals which have a very short life time, recombine irreversibly by coupling or dismutation.
- the variation in composition of the mixture is infinitely small compared to the life of the macroradical so that the chains have a sequence of statistical monomer units and not a sequence sequence.
- controlled radical polymerization proceeds by growth by propagation of macroradicals.
- Several techniques of controlled radical polymerization are now known, in which the ends of polymer chains can be reactivated in the form of a radical by homolytic cleavage of bond (for example C-O, or C-Halogen).
- Controlled radical polymerization therefore has the following distinctive aspects:
- the average molecular weight is controlled by the monomer / chain precursor molar ratio, 4. the possibility of preparing block copolymers.
- the controlled nature is all the more marked when the speed of consumption of the chain precursor is very high compared to the speed of chain growth
- Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization uses transition metal salts associated with organic ligands and a primer generally consisting of an organic halide; control of the polymerization is made possible by the reversible activation of the C-Halogen bond (Matyjaszewski K., PCT WO 96/30421).
- a disadvantage of this polymerization is that it requires a stoichiometric amount of metal per precursor chain.
- the principle is based on the photolysis of the C-S bond which regenerates the carbonaceous macroradical, on the one hand, and the dithiocarbamyl radical, on the other hand.
- the controlled nature of the reaction is due to the reversibility of the C-S bond under UV irriadiation. It is thus possible to obtain block copolymers.
- the speed of exchange in propagating species and "dormant" species of reaction 1 above is not very large compared to the speed of propagation, which has the consequence of generating relatively large molecular mass distributions.
- xanthates and dithiocarbamate disulphides are themselves well known as transfer agents in conventional radical polymerization in thermal mode and in the presence of initiator, but none has to date made it possible to control the polymerization, even less to produce block copolymers.
- Controlled radical polymerization using a source of UV irradiation is however very difficult to implement, particularly from an industrial point of view, since the penetration of UV photons into the polymerization medium is limited, both by phenomena of 'absorption (most ethylenic monomers absorb in the range 210-280 nm), only by diffusion phenomena in dispersed media (suspension, emulsion).
- Controlled radical polymerization has an advantage over conventional radical polymerization when it comes to preparing low molecular weight and functionalized chains (reactive telomeres). Such polymers are sought after for specific applications such as, for example, coatings and adhesives.
- the fraction of chains with at most one functional site becomes significant when the average degree of polymerization is less than a threshold value (eg 20 or 30).
- a threshold value eg 20 or 30.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a new process for controlled radical polymerization for the synthesis of block polymers from dithiocarbamates
- Another object of the present invention is to provide a new process for controlled radical polymerization for the synthesis of block polymers from dithiocarbamates in the absence of UV source. Another object is to provide a process for controlled radical polymerization for synthesis block polymers from all types of monomers
- Another aim is to propose a controlled radical polymerization process for the synthesis of block polymers containing no metallic impurities harmful to their use
- Another object is to propose a controlled radical polymerization process for the synthesis of block copolymers, said polymers being functionalized at the end of the chain.
- Another object is to propose a controlled radical polymerization process for the synthesis of polymers and block copolymers having a low polydispersity index.
- Another aim is to propose a controlled radical polymerization process for the synthesis of oligomers having a constant rate of chain-to-chain functions.
- the invention relates to a process for the preparation of block polymers of general formula (IA) or (IB):
- R 1 represents: • an optionally substituted (i) alkyl, acyl, aryl, alken or alkyne group, or
- R 2 and R 3 identical or different, represent:
- alkoxycarbonyl or aryloxycarbonyl (-COOR), carboxy (-COOH), acyloxy (-0 2 CR), carbamoyl (-CONR), cyano (-CN), alkylcarbonyl, alkylarylcarbonyl, arylcarbonyl, arylalkylcarbonyl, phthalimido, maleimido, succinimido , amidino, guanidimo, hydroxy (-OH), amino (-NR 2 ), halogen, allyl, epoxy, alkoxy (-OR), S-alkyl, S-aryl,
- groups having a hydrophilic or ionic character such as the alkali metal salts of carboxylic acids, the alkali metal salts of sulfonic acid, the polyalkylene oxide chains (POE, POP), the cationic substituents (quaternary ammonium salts), R representing an alkyl or aryl group, and, for at least R 2 or R 3 , these groups and rings (i), (ii) and (iii) induce a delocalization or electro-attractor effect with respect to the density electronics of the nitrogen atom to which R 2 and R 3 are linked,
- V, W and W identical or different, represent: H, an alkyl group or a halogen
- - X, X ', Y and Y' represent H, a halogen or a group chosen from R ', OR', OCOR ', NHCOH, OH, NH 2 , NHR ⁇ N (R') 2 , (R ') 2 N + 0 " , NHCOR', C0 2 H, C0 2 R ', CN, CONH 2 , CONHR' or CONR ' 2 , in which R' is chosen from alkyl, aryl, aralkyl, alkaryl groups , alkene or organosilyl, optionally perfluorinated and optionally substituted by one or more carboxyl, epoxy, hydroxyl, alkoxy, amino, halogen or sulfonic groups, - a and b, identical or different, are worth 0 or 1,
- the process according to the invention therefore consists in bringing into contact a radical polymerization initiator, an ethylenically unsaturated monomer and a precursor of general formula (MA) or (IIB).
- the radical polymerization initiator can be chosen from the initiators conventionally used in radical polymerization. It can for example be one of the following initiators:
- - hydrogen peroxides such as: tertiary butyl hydroperoxide, cumene hydroperoxide, t-butyl-peroxyacetate, t-butylperoxybenzoate, t-butylperoxyoctoate, t-butylperoxyneodecanoate, t-butylperoxyisobutyrate, the lauroyl peroxide, t-amylperoxypivalate, t-butylperoxypivalate, dicumyl peroxide, benzoyl peroxide, potassium persulfate, ammonium persulfate,
- - azo compounds such as 2-2'-azob ⁇ s ( ⁇ sobutyron ⁇ tr ⁇ le), 2,2'-azob ⁇ s (2-butanenitrile), 4,4'-azob ⁇ s (4-pentanoic acid), 1, 1 '- azob ⁇ s (cyclohexane- carbonitrile), 2- (t-butylazo) -2-cyanopropane, 2,2'-azob ⁇ s [2-methyl-N- (1, 1) - b ⁇ s (hydroxymethyl) -2-hydroxyethyl] propionamide , 2,2'-azob ⁇ s (2-methyl-N- hydroxyethylj-propionamide, 2,2'-azob ⁇ s (N, N'- dimethyleneisobutyramidme) dichloride, 2,2'-azob ⁇ s (2-am ⁇ d ⁇ nopropane dichloride) ), 2,2'-azobis (N, N'-d ⁇ méthylène ⁇ sobutyram ⁇ de), 2,2'
- - redox systems comprising combinations such as mixtures of hydrogen peroxide, of alkyl, peresters, percarbonates and the like and of any of the iron salts, titanous salts, zinc formaldehyde sulfoxylate or sodium formaldehyde sulfoxylate , and reducing sugars, alkali metal or ammonium persulfates, perborates or perchlorates in combination with an alkali metal bisulfite, such as sodium metabisulfite, and reducing sugars, alkali metal persulfates in combination with an acid arylphosphinic, such as benzene phosphonic acid and the like, and reducing sugars
- the amount of initiator to be used is determined so that the amount of radicals generated is at most 25 mol% relative to the amount of compound (IIA) or (MB), even more preferably d '' at most 15% by mole
- the monomers chosen from styrene or its derivatives, butadiene, chloroprene, (meth) acrylic esters, vinyl esters and vinyl nitriles butadiene and chloroprene correspond more specifically to the invention.
- a and b 1 in formulas (IA), (IB), (MA) or (MB) and the formula of the monomer previously given
- (meth) acrylic esters is meant the esters of acrylic acid and of methacrylic acid with hydrogenated or fluorinated C r C 12 alcohols, preferably C r C 8.
- C r C 12 alcohols preferably C r C 8.
- Vinyl nitriles more particularly include those having 3 to 12 carbon atoms, such as in particular acrylonitrile and methacrylonitrile It should be noted that the styrene can be replaced in whole or in part by derivatives such as alphamethylstyrene or vinyltoluene
- the other ethylenically unsaturated monomers which can be used alone or in mixtures or which are copolymeric with the above monomers are in particular - vinyl esters of carboxyhque acid such as vinyl acetate,
- - ethylenic unsaturated mono- and dicarboxylic acids such as acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, itaconic acid, maleic acid, fumanic acid and the mono-alkyl esters of dicarboxylic acids of the type mentioned with the alkanols preferably having 1 to 4 carbon atoms and their N-substituted derivatives,
- ethylenic monomers comprising a sulfonic acid group and its alkali or ammonium salts, for example vinylsulfonic acid, vinylbenzene sulfonic acid, ⁇ -acrylamidomethylpropanesulfonic acid, 2-sulfoethylenemethacrylate,
- ethylenic monomers comprising a secondary, tertiary or quaternary amino group, or a heterocyclic group containing nitrogen such as for example vinylpyridines, vinylimidazole, aminoalkyl (meth) acrylates and (meth) acrylamides aminoalkyl such as d ⁇ méthylam ⁇ noéthyl (meth) acrylate, d ⁇ tert ⁇ obutylam ⁇ noéthyl (meth) acrylate, d ⁇ méthylam ⁇ no (meth) acrylarndede II is likewise possible to use zwittenonic monomers such as for example sulfopropyl (d ⁇ méthyl) am ⁇ nopropyle acrylate
- Y H and
- Y ' NH2
- the amides of vinylamine for example vinylformamide or vinylacetamide, are preferably used as ethylenically unsaturated monomers. Then the copolymer obtained is hydrolyzed at acidic or basic pH.
- copolymeric monomers used according to the present invention vary according to the particular final application for which the block polymer is intended. These variations are well known and can be easily determined by a person skilled in the art.
- the "precursor" compound of general formula (IIA) or (IIB) must be a polymer. Therefore, n is greater than or equal to 1, preferably greater than 5.
- the monomer units of this polymer can be the same or different.
- the essential characteristic of the invention derives from the nature of this precursor of general formula (MA) or (MB).
- This precursor (MA) or (IIB) belongs to the family of dithiocarbamates whose function is:
- the nitrogen atom of the dithiocarbamate function must be part of a ring and the other atoms of said ring must have an electro- attractor on the nitrogen doublet of the dithiocarbamate function.
- This cycle Z comprising the nitrogen of the dithiocarbamate function can be of different natures as long as there is an electro-attracting effect on the nitrogen doublet.
- the multi-block polymers of formula (IA) have the same characteristics as regards the Z cycle.
- the Z cycle is a d-based cycle 'carbon atoms.
- the Z cycle can be an aromatic or heteroaromatic cycle.
- the functionalized group is carbonyl. It is also preferable that the functionalized group is directly linked to the nitrogen of the dithiocarbamate function.
- the Z ring can be substituted by at least one of the following groups: alkyl, aryl, alkoxycarbonyl or aryloxycarbonyl (-COOR), carboxy (-COOH), acyloxy (-
- the Z ring can also be substituted by at least one carbon ring or a heterocycle, optionally aromatic and / or substituted by one of the preceding groups. In the latter case, and according to a preferred variant, the ring Z and its cyclic substituent have two common atoms.
- Cycle Z is preferably chosen from one of the following cycles.
- the nitrogen atom of the dithiocarbamate function must be linked to groups R 2 and R 3 , one of which at less induces a delocalization or electron-attracting effect with respect to the electronic density of the nitrogen atom of the dithiocarbamate function.
- R 2 and / or R 3 exert an ⁇ attrator effect.
- R 2 and / or R 3 may represent a carbonyl or (hetero) aromatic group.
- R 2 and / or R 3 exert an ateur attrator effect.
- R 2 and / or R 3 may represent an alkyl group substituted by electro-attritive groups.
- R 1 of the compounds of formula (IA), (IB), (IIA) and (MB) it preferably represents:
- R 11 , R 12 and R 13 represent groups (i), (ii) or (iii) as defined above, or
- R 14 represents a group (i), (ii) or (iii) as defined above.
- S p being between 2 and 10, preferably between 2 and 5.
- the symbols Z and R 1 have the same meaning as above.
- the preferences for its symbols are the same as above.
- the compound of formula (IIIA) is chosen from those of formulas (A) to (E) below:
- the compound of formula (IIIB) is chosen from the compounds of the following formulas:
- the compounds of formula (IIIA) or (IIIB) are generally obtained by reaction of the corresponding amine on CS 2 so as to obtain the salts of formulas:
- Hal-R 1 represents Cl, Br, or I
- the radical polymerization initiators and the ethylenically unsaturated monomers are of the type of those mentioned above.
- This step (2) can be repeated as many times as desired with new monomers to synthesize new blocks and obtain a multiblock polymer.
- the amides of vinylamine for example vinylformamide or vinylacetamide, are preferably used as ethylenically unsaturated monomers. Then the polymer obtained is hydrolyzed at acidic or basic pH.
- vinyl esters of carboxylic acid are preferably used as ethylenically unsaturated monomers, for example l vinyl acetate. Then the polymer obtained is hydrolyzed at acidic or basic pH.
- the invention therefore also relates to a process for the preparation of multiblock polymers, in which the implementation of the process described above is repeated at least once using:
- the product obtained is a block polymer having an additional polymer block.
- the process consists in repeating several times the implementation of the previous process on the block polymer resulting from each previous implementation with different monomers.
- this process for preparing multi-block polymers when it is desired to obtain polymers with homogeneous blocks and not with a composition gradient, and if all the successive polymerizations are carried out in the same reactor, it is essential that all the monomers used during one step has been consumed before the polymerization of the next step begins, therefore before the new monomers are introduced.
- the compounds of formula (IVA) and (IVB) are particularly interesting because they make it possible to grow a polymer chain on at least two active sites. With this type of compound, it is possible to save on polymerization stages in order to obtain a copolymer with n blocks.
- the first block is obtained by polymerization of a monomer M1 in the presence of the compound of formula (IVA) or (IVB).
- This first block can then grow at each of its ends by polymerization of a second monomer M2.
- a triblock copolymer is obtained.
- This triblock copolymer can itself grow at each of its ends by polymerization of a third monomer M3.
- a "pentabloc" copolymer is obtained in only three stages.
- the polymerization is carried out according to any method known to those skilled in the art. It can be carried out in bulk, in solution or in emulsion. The temperature can vary between room temperature and 150 ° C depending on the nature of the monomers used. The process is carried out in the absence of UV source.
- the method according to the invention has the advantage of leading to block polymers having a low polydispersity index.
- the invention therefore also relates to block polymers capable of being obtained by the above process
- polymers generally have a polydispersity index (Ip) of at most 2, preferably at most 1.5.
- the preferred block polymers are those having at least two polymer blocks chosen from the following associations
- precursor polymers of general formula (MA) or (MB) also makes it possible to synthesize polymers having a low polydispersity index.
- These precursor polymers generally have a polydispersity index of at most 2, preferably at most 1.5
- n is greater than or equal to 6
- aqueous phase is recovered and added with 50 ml of ethanol and 16.2 ml of diethyl chloromalonate. Stirring is continued overnight at room temperature and the yellow solution obtained is concentrated in vacuo before being taken up in a solution. saturated aqueous sodium chloride Finally, it is extracted with ether
- reaction medium is then cooled to -20 ° C. and 3.6 ml of CS 2 are added. The solution turns orange. It is stirred for 10 min at -20 ° C. and then 2 hours at 0 ° C. The reaction medium is again cooled to -20 ° C and 4 ml of diethyl chloromalonate are added The solution is stirred for 10 min at -20 ° C, 1 hour at 0 ° C and 1 hour at room temperature
- 66 g of ephedrine are mixed with 72 g of urea The mixture is heated to 170 ° C for 30 minutes then to 200 ° C for 2 hours After cooling to room temperature, 200 ml of water are added The white precipitate which becomes form is filtered and washed with a 5% aqueous solution of hydrochloric acid, then recrystallized from ethanol. 28 g of 1, 5-methyl-4-phenyl-2- ⁇ m ⁇ dazol ⁇ done are obtained with a yield of 37%.
- the aqueous phase is recovered and 100 ml of ethanol are added, then 4 ml of diethyl chloromalonate The stirring is maintained for 2 hours and the reaction medium is taken up in ethyl acetate The organic phase thus obtained is washed with water and then with a saturated solution of sodium chloride before being concentrated in vacuo
- the product is isolated. It is in the form of a beige solid (melting point: 65 ° C). The yield is 85% without purification.
- the temperature is brought to 95 ° C. and 0.03 mmol of lauroyl peroxide (12.8 mg) is added.
- the polymerization lasts 12 hours during which 0.02 mmol of lauroyl peroxide is added every two hours.
- the polymer is recovered by evaporation of the traces of residual monomer and analyzed by G. P.C. in THF medium and in polystyrene equivalents.
- the temperature is brought to 80 ° C. and 0.03 mmol of lauroyl peroxide (12.8 mg) is added.
- the polymerization lasts 6 hours during which 0.02 mmol of lauroyl peroxide is added every two hours.
- the polymer is recovered by vacuum evaporation of the traces of residual monomer and analyzed by G. P.C. in THF medium and in polystyrene equivalents:
- a stock solution is prepared by mixing:
- the polymer is recovered by evaporation of the toluene and of the residual monomer; it is analyzed by GPC in THF medium. The masses are given in polystyrene equivalents. The results obtained are collated in Table 1.
- Example 2.4 ethyl acrylate homopolymer / polymerization kinetics
- a stock solution is prepared by mixing: - 5.533 g of ethyl acrylate,
- AIBN azo-bis-isobutyronitrile
- the temperature is brought to 110 ° C.
- the reaction lasts 24 hours during which several additions of lauroyl peroxide are made:
- the polymer is recovered by evaporation under vacuum of the traces of residual monomer and analyzed by GPC in THF medium and in polystyrene equivalents:
- Example 2.6 Homopolymer of ethyl acrylate
- the polymer is recovered by evaporation under vacuum of the traces of residual monomer and analyzed by GPC in THF medium and in polystyrene equivalents:
- the temperature is brought to 80 ° C.
- the reaction lasts 24 hours during which several additions of lauroyl peroxide are made: - 8.1 mg after 2 hours,
- the polymer is recovered by vacuum evaporation of the traces of residual monomer and analyzed by GPC in THF medium and in polystyrene equivalents: - conversion rate: 59.2%,
- the temperature is brought to 80 ° C.
- the reaction lasts 24 hours during which several additions of lauroyl peroxide are made:
- the polymer is recovered by evaporation under vacuum of the traces of residual monomer and analyzed by GPC in THF medium and in polystyrene equivalents:
- Example 2.10 Homopolymer of vinyl acetate
- the temperature is brought to 80 ° C.
- the reaction lasts 24 hours during which several additions of lauroyl peroxide are made:
- the polymer is recovered by evaporation under vacuum of the traces of residual monomer and analyzed by GPC in THF medium and in polystyrene equivalents:
- Example 2.12 Homopolymer of ethyl acrylate
- the temperature is brought to 80 ° C.
- the reaction lasts 24 hours during which several additions of lauroyl peroxide are made: - 4.5 mg after 2 hours, - 4.1 mg after 4 hours.
- the polymer is recovered by evaporation under vacuum of the traces of residual monomer and analyzed by GPC in THF medium and in polystyrene equivalents:
- the temperature is brought to 110 ° C.
- the reaction lasts 24 hours during which several additions of lauroyl peroxide are made:
- the polymer is recovered by evaporation under vacuum of the traces of residual monomer and analyzed by GPC in THF medium and in polystyrene equivalents:
- the temperature is brought to 80 ° C.
- the reaction lasts 24 hours during which several additions of lauroyl peroxide are made:
- the polymer is recovered by evaporation under vacuum of the traces of residual monomer and analyzed by GPC in THF medium and in polystyrene equivalents:
- the temperature is brought to 80 ° C.
- the reaction lasts 24 hours during which several additions of lauroyl peroxide are made - 8.5 mg after 2 hours, - 8.3 mg after 4 hours
- the polymer is recovered by evaporation under vacuum of the traces of residual monomer and analyzed by GPC in THF medium and in polystyrene equivalents
- Example 2.16 Homopolymer of vinyl acetate
- the tube is closed by a screw cap and is then immersed in an oil bath preheated to 80 ° C.
- the polymerization lasts 24 hours
- the polymer is recovered by evaporation of the traces of residual monomer and analyzed by G P C in THF medium and in polystyrene equivalents The results obtained are as follows - conversion rate 61%,
- the tube is closed by a screw cap and is then immersed in an oil bath preheated to 115 ° C.
- the polymerization lasts 24 hours.
- the polymer is recovered by evaporation of the traces of residual monomer and analyzed by G.P.C in THF medium and in polystyrene equivalents. The results obtained are as follows:
- the tube is closed by a screw cap and is then immersed in an oil bath preheated to 80 ° C.
- the polymerization lasts 24 hours.
- the polymer is recovered by evaporation of the traces of residual monomer and analyzed by G.P.C in THF medium and in polystyrene equivalents. The results obtained are as follows: - conversion rate: 96%,
- the tube is closed by a screw tap and is then immersed in an oil bath preheated to 80 ° C.
- the polymerization lasts 24 hours
- the polymer is recovered by evaporation of the traces of residual monomer and analyzed by GPC in THF medium and in equivalents polystyrene The results are as follows
- Example 2.20 Homopolymer of ethyl acrylate
- the tube is closed by a screw cap and is then immersed in an oil bath preheated to 80 ° C.
- the polymerization lasts 24 hours
- the polymer is recovered by evaporation of the traces of residual monomer and analyzed by G P C in THF medium and in polystyrene equivalents The results are as follows
- the polymer is recovered by evaporation of the traces of residual monomer and analyzed by G P C in THF medium and in polystyrene equivalents
- the tube is closed by a screw cap and is then immersed in an oil bath preheated to 80 ° C.
- the polymerization lasts 24 hours
- the polymer is recovered by evaporation of the traces of residual monomer and analyzed by G P C in THF medium and in polystyrene equivalents The results are as follows
- the tube is closed by a screw cap and is then immersed in an oil bath preheated to 80 ° C.
- the polymerization lasts 24 hours
- the polymer is recovered by evaporation of the traces of residual monomer and analyzed by GPC in THF medium and in equivalents polystyrene The results are as follows
- the tube is closed by a screw cap and is then immersed in an oil bath preheated to 110 ° C.
- the polymerization lasts 24 hours.
- the polymer is recovered by evaporation of the traces of residual monomer and analyzed by G.P.C in THF medium and in polystyrene equivalents. The results are as follows:
- the tube is connected to a vacuum manifold, immersed in liquid nitrogen, then three "freeze / vacuum / return to ambient" cycles are carried out on the contents of the tube in order to degas it. This is then vacuum sealed. After returning to ambient, it is immersed in an oil bath preheated to 80 ° C. The polymerization lasts 28 hours.
- the polymer is recovered by opening the tube then evaporation of the traces of residual monomer. It is analyzed by G.P.C in THF medium and in polystyrene equivalents. The results are as follows:
- Example 2.25 After filling, the tube is degassed and sealed under vacuum in a manner analogous to Example 2.25. The polymerization lasts 64 hours at 80 ° C. The polymer is recovered by evaporation of the traces of residual monomer and analyzed by G.P.C in THF medium and in polystyrene equivalents. The results are as follows:
- Example 2.25 After filling, the tube is degassed and sealed under vacuum in a manner analogous to Example 2.25. The polymerization lasts 72 hours at 110 ° C. The polymer is recovered by evaporation of the traces of residual monomer and analyzed by G.P.C in THF medium and in polystyrene equivalents. The results are as follows:
- the polymer is recovered by evaporation of the traces of residual monomer and analyzed by G P C in THF medium and in polystyrene equivalents The results are as follows
- Example 10 After filling, the tube is degassed and vacuum-sealed in a manner analogous to Example 10 The polymerization lasts 64 hours at 80 ° C.
- the polymer is recovered by evaporation of the traces of residual monomer and analyzed by G P C in THF medium and in polystyrene equivalents The results are as follows
- Example 2.31 Homopolymer of ethyl acrylate
- the polymer is recovered by evaporation of the traces of residual monomer and analyzed by G.P.C in THF medium and in polystyrene equivalents. The results are as follows:
- the flask is surmounted by a condenser, placed under a stream of nitrogen and immersed in an oil bath preheated to 115 ° C. Two new additions of lauroyl peroxide are made after two and four hours of reaction (0.026 mmol each time). The reaction is stopped after 24 hours.
- the polymer is recovered by evaporation of the traces of residual monomer and analyzed by G.P.C in THF medium and in polystyrene equivalents. The results are as follows:
- Example 3.1 block copolymer p (AEt-b-St)
- Example 3.2 p block copolymer (AEt-b-AVM)
- the temperature is brought to 70 ° C.
- the polymerization lasts 40 hours.
- Example 3.3 block copolymer p (St-b-AEt)
- a stock solution is prepared from: - 4.01 g of styrene,
- a small fraction of the polymer obtained is taken and analyzed in GPC in THF medium and in polystyrene equivalents.
- the temperature is raised to 70 ° C.
- the polymerization lasts 40 hours.
- the traces of residual monomer are removed by evaporation and the copolymer is analyzed by GPC in THF medium and in polystyrene equivalents.
- Example 3.4 block copolymer p (AEt-b-St)
- the characteristics of the copolymer obtained are as follows: - conversion rate: 49.4%
- Example 3.5 block copolymer p (AEt-b-St)
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Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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CA002315914A CA2315914A1 (fr) | 1997-12-31 | 1998-12-23 | Procede de synthese de polymeres a blocs par polymerisation radicalaire controlee a partir de composes dithiocarbamates |
JP2000527572A JP2002500251A (ja) | 1997-12-31 | 1998-12-23 | 制御されたラジカル重合によるジチオカーバメートからのブロックポリマーの合成方法 |
AU18831/99A AU1883199A (en) | 1997-12-31 | 1998-12-23 | Method for block polymer synthesis by controlled radical polymerisation from dithiocarbamate compounds |
US09/582,390 US6812291B1 (en) | 1997-12-31 | 1998-12-23 | Method for block polymer synthesis by controlled radical polymerization from dithiocarbamate compounds |
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FR97/16779 | 1997-12-31 | ||
FR9716779A FR2773161B1 (fr) | 1997-12-31 | 1997-12-31 | Procede de synthese de polymeres a blocs |
FR98/09780 | 1998-07-30 | ||
FR9809780 | 1998-07-30 |
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WO1999035177A1 true WO1999035177A1 (fr) | 1999-07-15 |
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PCT/FR1998/002867 WO1999035177A1 (fr) | 1997-12-31 | 1998-12-23 | Procede de synthese de polymeres a blocs par polymerisation radicalaire controlee a partir de composes dithiocarbamates |
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US (1) | US6812291B1 (fr) |
JP (1) | JP2002500251A (fr) |
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CA (1) | CA2315914A1 (fr) |
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WO2020173725A1 (fr) | 2019-02-28 | 2020-09-03 | Rhodia Operations | Compositions pour la stabilisation élevée d'émulsions |
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FR3093514A1 (fr) | 2019-03-05 | 2020-09-11 | Rhodia Operations | Suspension de polymères associatifs pour le traitement de formations souterraines |
WO2020178294A1 (fr) | 2019-03-05 | 2020-09-10 | Rhodia Operations | Suspension de polymeres associatifs pour le traitement de formations souterraines |
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WO2020182919A1 (fr) | 2019-03-12 | 2020-09-17 | Rhodia Operations | Émulsions stabilisées de réduction de frottement |
US11535739B2 (en) | 2019-03-15 | 2022-12-27 | Rhodia Operations Inc. | Polymer compositions having fast hydration rate and use of the same for particle suspension |
WO2022083963A1 (fr) | 2020-10-23 | 2022-04-28 | Rhodia Operations | Systèmes polymères présentant des propriétés améliorées de viscosité et de transport d'agents de soutènement |
WO2023285230A1 (fr) | 2021-07-13 | 2023-01-19 | Rhodia Operations | Préparation de polymères séquencés amphiphiles par polymérisation radicalaire micellaire inverse |
FR3125296A1 (fr) | 2021-07-13 | 2023-01-20 | Rhodia Operations | Préparation de polymères séquencés amphiphiles par polymérisation radicalaire micellaire inverse |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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AU1883199A (en) | 1999-07-26 |
AR014245A1 (es) | 2001-02-07 |
JP2002500251A (ja) | 2002-01-08 |
CA2315914A1 (fr) | 1999-07-15 |
US6812291B1 (en) | 2004-11-02 |
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