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WO1999031941A1 - Ballast electronique - Google Patents

Ballast electronique Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1999031941A1
WO1999031941A1 PCT/SG1998/000097 SG9800097W WO9931941A1 WO 1999031941 A1 WO1999031941 A1 WO 1999031941A1 SG 9800097 W SG9800097 W SG 9800097W WO 9931941 A1 WO9931941 A1 WO 9931941A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
input
voltage
operational amplifier
output
electronic ballast
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/SG1998/000097
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Lian Qun Zheng
Choon Chin Liew
Original Assignee
Ideas Electronics (S) Pte Ltd.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ideas Electronics (S) Pte Ltd. filed Critical Ideas Electronics (S) Pte Ltd.
Priority to AU15175/99A priority Critical patent/AU1517599A/en
Publication of WO1999031941A1 publication Critical patent/WO1999031941A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B41/00—Circuit arrangements or apparatus for igniting or operating discharge lamps
    • H05B41/14—Circuit arrangements
    • H05B41/26—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from DC by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage DC
    • H05B41/28—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from DC by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage DC using static converters
    • H05B41/282—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from DC by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage DC using static converters with semiconductor devices
    • H05B41/285—Arrangements for protecting lamps or circuits against abnormal operating conditions
    • H05B41/2851—Arrangements for protecting lamps or circuits against abnormal operating conditions for protecting the circuit against abnormal operating conditions
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
    • B22F1/10—Metallic powder containing lubricating or binding agents; Metallic powder containing organic material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
    • B22F1/10—Metallic powder containing lubricating or binding agents; Metallic powder containing organic material
    • B22F1/103—Metallic powder containing lubricating or binding agents; Metallic powder containing organic material containing an organic binding agent comprising a mixture of, or obtained by reaction of, two or more components other than a solvent or a lubricating agent
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
    • B22F3/10—Sintering only
    • B22F3/1017—Multiple heating or additional steps
    • B22F3/1021—Removal of binder or filler
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/626—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B
    • C04B35/63—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B using additives specially adapted for forming the products, e.g.. binder binders
    • C04B35/632—Organic additives
    • C04B35/634—Polymers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/64—Burning or sintering processes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B41/00—Circuit arrangements or apparatus for igniting or operating discharge lamps
    • H05B41/14—Circuit arrangements
    • H05B41/36—Controlling

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an electronic ballast, and in particular, an electronic ballast for use with discharge lamps, such as fluorescent lamps.
  • ballasts which may be controlled to vary the output from the ballast in order to control the intensity of the light emitted from the lamp are already known.
  • these conventional dimmable ballasts use transformers in order to control the output from the ballast.
  • the disadvantage of this is that such ballasts are costly and take up a lot of space due to the size of the transformer required.
  • the transformer also tends to produce electrical interference which is generally undesirable, as this may cause interference with other electrical and electronic equipment in the vicinity of the ballast.
  • an electronic ballast comprises an input voltage source and a control device, the control device modifying the input voltage to generate a variable output voltage; the control device receiving a variable input control voltage, and comprising an operational amplifier and an isolation device coupled between the control voltage input and an input of the operational amplifier, the output from the operational amplifier changing in response to changes in the input control voltage to modify the input voltage to generate the variable output voltage.
  • the control device comprises a second isolation device, the output of the operational amplifier being fed back to the input of second isolation device, and the output of the second isolation device being applied to the other input of the operational amplifier.
  • This second isolation device coupled to feedback from the output of the operational amplifier has the advantage of increasing the linearity of the output from the operational amplifier with respect to the input control voltage.
  • the isolation device comprises an opto-coupler .
  • the input control voltage may be controlled via a conventional mechanical switch or alternatively, by a remote control unit, such as an infra red remote control.
  • a remote control unit such as an infra red remote control.
  • control device further comprises a transistor and the output from the operational amplifier is coupled to the base of the transistor, the equivalent resistance value between the collector and the emitter of the transistor changing, in response to the output voltage received from the operational amplifier, to generate the variable output voltage .
  • control device further comprises a half bridge driver to receive the input voltage and the half bridge driver is controlled by the equivalent resistance between the collector and the emitter of the transistor to control the output voltage.
  • the output voltage from the electronic ballast is used to drive a lamp, such as a discharge lamp, for example a fluorescent lamp.
  • a lamp such as a discharge lamp, for example a fluorescent lamp.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an electronic ballast which is dimmable
  • FIG. 2 is a detailed circuit diagram for the electronic ballast shown in Figure 1;
  • Figure 3 is a circuit diagram showing an opto-coupler and linearity correction circuit for the electronic ballast of Figure 1;
  • Figure 4 is a graph showing voltage input to the opto- coupler and linearity correction circuit of Figure 2 versus the output voltage from the opto-coupler linearity correction circuit using one opto-coupler;
  • Figure 5 shows a graph of input voltage to the opto- coupler linearity correction circuit versus output voltage from the opto-coupler linearity correction circuit using two opto-couplers .
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram for an electronic ballast for a lamp which includes a dimmable control.
  • the ballast 1 comprises an input power supply 2 which includes a live input 3 and a neutral input 4.
  • the power supply 2 is coupled to an AC to DC invertor (bridge regulator) 5 which generates a high voltage (240 volts) DC supply 6 and a low voltage (15 volts) DC supply 7.
  • Both the high voltage and the low voltage DC supplies 6, 7 are fed to a half bridge driver 8 which produces an output 13 to a lamp network 14.
  • a low voltage (1 to 10 volts) DC variable control supply 9 is fed to an opto-coupler and linearity correction unit 10.
  • the output from the opto-coupler and linearity correction unit 10 is fed to a VCO 11 and output 12 from the VCO 11 is fed to the half bridge driver 8.
  • the output 12 from the VCO 11 is dependent on the input voltage from the DC supply 9.
  • the half bridge driver 8 uses the output 12 from the VCO 11 modifies the output 13 to the lamp network 14.
  • the output voltage 13 from the half bridge driver is proportional to the input DC control voltage 9 so that as the input control voltage 9 is varied between 1 and 10 volts, the output voltage 13 from the half bridge driver increases and decreases accordingly.
  • the opto-coupler and linearity correction unit 10 includes an opto-coupler unit 20 and an operational amplifier 21 as the principle components.
  • the input control voltage 9 (Vin) is supplied through a resistor R4 to the opto-coupler unit 20 and a first opto-coupler 23.
  • the output from the opto- coupler 23 then passes to the V+ input terminal 24 of the operational amplifier 21.
  • the output voltage (Vout) 25 from the operational amplifier 21 passes to the VCO unit 11 and a feedback 25' feeds back the output voltage to a second input to the opto-coupler unit
  • the output from the second opto-coupler 26 is fed to the V- terminal 27 of the operational amplifier 21.
  • the feedback 25' to the second opto-coupler 26 passes through potentiometer R2 to earth.
  • the advantage of using the opto-coupler unit 20 to couple the input voltage 9 into the ballast 1 is that this helps to eliminate common mode noise and interference between the dimming controller and the ballast.
  • Two opto-couplers 23, 26 are used to improve the linearity of the photo diodes used in the opto-couplers, which are generally non-linear.
  • the arrangement in which feedback 25 ' from the output of the operational amplifier is fed to the second opto-coupler 26 and the output from the second opto-coupler 26 fed to the V- terminal 27 of the operational amplifier 21 causes the input current II of the first opto-coupler 23 to track the input current 12 of the second opto-coupler 26 by using the feedback voltage 25' from the operational amplifier 21.
  • the output voltage 25 is directly proportional to the input voltage 22 and is given by the following equation: -
  • Vout R 2 .
  • the advantages of the invention over conventional electronic ballast which are dimmable include that a transformer is not necessary in the dimming circuit and this helps reduce the weight and size of the electronic ballast. In addition, by dispensing with the transformer, the interference produced is also reduced.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
  • Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Producing Shaped Articles From Materials (AREA)
  • Circuit Arrangements For Discharge Lamps (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un ballast électronique (1) avec une source de tension (2) d'entrée et un dispositif de commande (8, 10, 11). En modifiant la tension d'entrée, le dispositif de commande (8, 10, 11) produit une tension de sortie (13) variable. Le dispositif de commande reçoit une tension de commande d'entrée (9) variable et comporte un amplificateur opérationnel (21), un dispositif d'isolation (23) couplé entre la tension de commande d'entrée (9) et la sortie (24) de l'amplificateur opérationnel, et un transistor (Q1). La tension de sortie de l'amplificateur opérationnel (21) varie au gré des variations de la tension de commande d'entrée (9) et modifie la tension d'entrée pour produire une tension de sortie (13) variable.
PCT/SG1998/000097 1997-12-15 1998-12-02 Ballast electronique WO1999031941A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU15175/99A AU1517599A (en) 1997-12-15 1998-12-02 An electronic ballast

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SG9704460-6 1997-12-15
SG9704460 1997-12-15

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1999031941A1 true WO1999031941A1 (fr) 1999-06-24

Family

ID=20429811

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/SG1998/000097 WO1999031941A1 (fr) 1997-12-15 1998-12-02 Ballast electronique

Country Status (3)

Country Link
AU (1) AU1517599A (fr)
DE (1) DE69823155T2 (fr)
WO (1) WO1999031941A1 (fr)

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2095947A (en) * 1981-03-30 1982-10-06 Virtanen Kalervo Power control of inverters
DE3417794A1 (de) * 1984-05-14 1985-11-14 Philips Patentverwaltung Gmbh, 2000 Hamburg Schaltungsanordnung zur regelung der brennspannung von hochdruckgasentladungslampen
WO1992003898A1 (fr) * 1990-08-17 1992-03-05 Gaslamp Power And Light Systeme servant a fournir un courant de niveau constant a un tube fluorescent
US5239239A (en) * 1992-03-26 1993-08-24 Stocker & Yale, Inc. Surrounding a portion of a lamp with light regulation apparatus

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2095947A (en) * 1981-03-30 1982-10-06 Virtanen Kalervo Power control of inverters
DE3417794A1 (de) * 1984-05-14 1985-11-14 Philips Patentverwaltung Gmbh, 2000 Hamburg Schaltungsanordnung zur regelung der brennspannung von hochdruckgasentladungslampen
WO1992003898A1 (fr) * 1990-08-17 1992-03-05 Gaslamp Power And Light Systeme servant a fournir un courant de niveau constant a un tube fluorescent
US5239239A (en) * 1992-03-26 1993-08-24 Stocker & Yale, Inc. Surrounding a portion of a lamp with light regulation apparatus

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU1517599A (en) 1999-07-05
DE69823155T2 (de) 2005-03-17
DE69823155D1 (de) 2004-05-19

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