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WO1999030132A1 - Procede de production d'une electrode destinee a des cellules secondaires electrolytiques non aqueuses - Google Patents

Procede de production d'une electrode destinee a des cellules secondaires electrolytiques non aqueuses Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1999030132A1
WO1999030132A1 PCT/JP1998/005539 JP9805539W WO9930132A1 WO 1999030132 A1 WO1999030132 A1 WO 1999030132A1 JP 9805539 W JP9805539 W JP 9805539W WO 9930132 A1 WO9930132 A1 WO 9930132A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
sample cell
light
laser
transmittance
level
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP1998/005539
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Mitsuteru Fujimoto
Koji Miyoshi
Masahiro Aga
Tomoyasu Amano
Kaoru Shigematsu
Shunsuke Nishihara
Original Assignee
Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Application filed by Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. filed Critical Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd.
Publication of WO1999030132A1 publication Critical patent/WO1999030132A1/fr

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
    • G01N21/21—Polarisation-affecting properties
    • G01N21/23—Bi-refringence

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an apparatus for measuring the optical rotation of a solution, and more particularly to an apparatus for measuring the sugar concentration of urine with high accuracy.
  • Figure 5 shows the configuration diagram.
  • the light emitted from the semiconductor laser 1 is converted into parallel light by the collimating lens 2, and the polarizer 3 is configured to transmit only light having a polarization component parallel to the paper.
  • Reference numeral 4 denotes a cylindrical transparent sample cell for holding a test sample, around which a solenoid coil 21 is wound, and a magnetic field is applied to the test sample held here. This magnetic field is applied substantially in the direction of light propagation and is proportional to the current flowing through the solenoid coil 21. Light is rotated with respect to the plane of polarization by the Faraday effect of this magnetic field.
  • the analyzer 19 is arranged so as to transmit only light of a polarization component perpendicular to the paper surface, that is, only light of a polarization component perpendicular to the polarization component by the polarizer 3.
  • the light receiving element 6 detects the light transmitted through the analyzer 19 and applies an output corresponding to the light intensity to the computer 7.
  • the computer 7 issues a command signal to the current source 20, controls the value of the current flowing through the solenoid coil 21, and records and analyzes the current value. Since the relative angle between the polarizer 3 and the analyzer 19 is 90 degrees, when pure water is measured as a test sample, the output of the light receiving element 6 becomes the extinction point at zero. Therefore, in order to measure the optical rotation of the test sample, the deviation of the extinction point when the current of the solenoid coil 21 is swept is read by the current of the solenoid coil 21 and is converted into an optical rotation angle.
  • an optical rotation measurement device and a urine test device include a sample cell for holding a test sample to be measured after polarizing a laser beam from a laser into linearly polarized light by a polarizing element. Through the linearly polarized light, separate the transmitted light into polarized components that differ by 90 degrees from each other, receive the separated polarized components with two light receiving elements, respectively, and measure the output levels of the two light receiving elements. The optical rotation angle is measured using the difference as an output signal.
  • the sample cell since a solenoid coil is not required, the sample cell does not need to have a cylindrical shape, and it is easy to collect a test sample and clean the sample cell, and a large current is not required. Possible to downsize and save power An optical rotation measurement device and a urine test device can be provided.
  • the level of the transmitted light is made constant. According to this configuration, even when the transmittance of the test sample is different or the sample cell is dirty and the amount of light passing from the sample cell fluctuates, a constant amount of light reaches the two light receiving elements.
  • the detection sensitivity can be kept stable, and stable and accurate measurement can be expected.
  • the power of the laser light entering the sample cell is controlled to be constant, and the signal obtained by dividing the difference between the output levels of the two light receiving elements by the level of the sum signal of the two light receiving elements is used as the output signal.
  • the feature is to measure the optical rotation angle, and this configuration allows the sample sample to have a different transmittance, a sample cell to be stained, etc., and the amount of light passing from the sample cell to vary.
  • the power of the laser light incident on the sample cell is constant, it is possible to operate the light source of the laser light stably, and further, the change in the sensitivity caused by the change in the amount of light reaching the two light receiving elements is suppressed. Since the difference between the output levels of the two light receiving elements can be corrected by dividing the difference by the level of the sum signal of the two light receiving elements, stable and accurate measurement can be expected.
  • the laser beam power after passing through the sample cell obtained from the power of the laser light incident on the sample cell and the sum signal level of the output signals of the two light receiving elements.
  • the transmittance of the sample cell itself is measured, and when the transmittance is reduced as compared with a predetermined value, a predetermined display is performed. Since the transmittance of the cell itself can be measured, it is possible to quickly determine that normal measurement cannot be performed, such as when the sample cell is abnormally contaminated or when a foreign object is present in the optical path through which the laser beam passes. You can know.
  • the sample to be measured is held in the sample cell, and the level of the sum of the power of the laser beam incident on the sample cell and the output signals of the two light receiving elements is measured.
  • the transmittance of the sample cell containing the test sample is measured from the laser light power after passing through the sample cell obtained from the sample cell, and when the transmittance decreases compared to a predetermined value, a predetermined value is determined.
  • the power of the laser beam incident on the sample cell and the laser beam power after passing through the sample cell obtained from the level of the sum signal of the output signals of the two light receiving elements are obtained.
  • a sample cell that measures and stores the transmittance of the sample cell itself holds the sample to be measured in the sample cell, and obtains the level of the sum signal of the power of the laser beam incident on the sample cell and the output signals of the two light receiving elements.
  • the transmittance of the sample cell containing the test sample is measured from the laser beam power after passing through the cell, and the transmittance of the sample cell containing the test sample and the previously stored transmittance of the sample cell itself are used to determine the test sample.
  • it is possible to measure the transmittance of the test sample so that the test sample has a light scattering substance or a light absorbing property. It is possible to estimate the amount of the collected substance, and to estimate the reliability of the measured optical rotation angle.
  • test sample is urine
  • concentration of the optically rotating substance in the urine is determined from the angle of rotation
  • concentration of the light scattering substance in the urine is determined from the transmittance. It is easy to measure the concentration of the optical rotation substance contained.
  • the optically rotating substance is at least one selected from the group consisting of sugar, protein, and L-ascorbic acid.
  • the amount of sugar in urine is determined.
  • the protein concentration can be determined with high accuracy.
  • L-ascorbic acid so-called vitamin C
  • the L-ascorbic acid concentration can be measured by measuring the angle of rotation. Judgment is possible.
  • the light scattering substance is at least one of protein and blood
  • the concentration of urine protein or blood can be determined by measuring urine transmittance.
  • gain control means is provided in a control loop for controlling the intensity of the laser output light in accordance with the level of the sum signal of the output signals of the two light receiving elements, and the gain control means is controlled in accordance with the transmittance of the test sample.
  • This method is characterized in that the gain is set and the loop gain of the control loop is kept constant. According to this configuration, since the transmittance of the test sample is different, the laser Even if the transmission gain of the optical system that composes up to two light receiving elements may differ, the loop gain can be kept constant by using the gain adjustment means in the control loop, so that the power of the laser light is stabilized. As a result, control is possible, and stable and accurate measurement can be expected.
  • gain control means is provided in a control loop that controls the intensity of laser output light according to the level of the sum signal of the output signals of the two light receiving elements, and the sample cell is configured to be removable in the optical path.
  • the gain of the gain adjustment means is switched between the state where the sample cell holding the test sample to be measured is inserted and the state where the sample cell is not inserted, and the loop gain of the control loop is kept constant. According to this configuration, the sample cell can be easily attached and detached, thereby facilitating the collection of the test sample. Further, the transmittance differs depending on the sample cell when the sample cell is inserted and when the sample cell is not inserted.
  • the transmission gain of the optical system from the laser light source to the two light receiving elements may differ in the laser light control loop, Since the loop gain can be kept constant using the gain adjustment means in the loop, the power of the laser beam can be controlled stably, and stable laser control can be expected regardless of the state of the sample cell. Things.
  • the power of the laser beam incident on the sample cell is controlled to be constant, and the power of the laser beam incident on the sample cell and the output of the two light receiving elements are controlled.
  • the transmittance of the sample cell is measured from the laser light power after passing through the sample cell obtained from the level of the sum signal of the force signals, and the intensity of the laser output light is determined according to the level of the sum signal of the output signals of the two light receiving elements.
  • Gain control means is provided in the control loop for controlling, and after setting the gain of the gain control means according to the transmittance of the sample cell of the test sample, the gain is set according to the level of the sum signal of the output signals of the two light receiving elements.
  • the control of the laser is switched so as to control the intensity of the output light of the laser.
  • the transmittance of the test sample when the transmittance of the test sample is different, or when the sample cell is dirty, etc. Due to this, even if the transmission gain of the optical system from the laser light source to the two light receiving elements may be different in the laser light control loop, the laser light incident on the sample cell in advance Since the transmittance, that is, the transmission gain of the optical system, can be obtained while keeping the power constant, the gain of the gain adjusting means in the control loop can be set using the previously obtained transmittance. Even if the transmittance of the sample is unknown or the sample cell becomes dirty, the control loop gain of the laser beam can always be kept constant, so that the power of the laser beam can be controlled stably. It is possible, and stable and accurate measurement can be expected.
  • the light source of the laser light is a semiconductor laser, and the intensity of the output light of the laser is controlled in accordance with the level of the sum signal of the output signals of the two light receiving elements to keep the level of the transmitted light constant.
  • the control at least one of the transmittance of the sample cell itself, which transmits the linearly polarized light, which has been stored in advance, and the transmittance of the sample cell containing the test sample to be measured, is stored in advance and kept constant.
  • the level target value when the sample cell to be measured is not inserted into the optical path, compared to the level target value when the sample cell is inserted into the optical path, and the transmittance that is stored in advance.
  • the sample cell is detachable, so that the sample to be sampled can be easily collected.
  • level objectives of the sum signal to the constant Since the value can be switched, it is possible to reduce the amount of change in the emission power of the laser light source when the sample cell is inserted and when the sample cell is not inserted, and keep the oscillation state of the laser light source stable. It becomes possible.
  • the laser light source is a semiconductor laser, and the level target value of the sum signal to be kept constant for a predetermined period immediately after the semiconductor laser is turned on is calculated from the laser output target value when measuring the angle of rotation.
  • This configuration is characterized by being set high. According to this configuration, it is possible to reduce the size of the device by using a semiconductor laser. Also, immediately after the semiconductor laser is turned on or when the emission power changes, the temperature of the semiconductor laser chip changes due to the self-heating of the semiconductor laser, and mode hobbing of laser oscillation occurs, and the laser oscillation wavelength and Since optical characteristics such as polarization characteristics change, stable measurement cannot be performed until the temperature of the semiconductor laser becomes stable.Therefore, a waiting time is required until the optical rotation angle is measured.
  • the target level of the sum signal By setting the target level of the sum signal to be constant higher than the target output of the laser when measuring the optical rotation angle for a predetermined period immediately after turning on the semiconductor laser, the temperature inside the chip of the semiconductor laser is increased. The change can be quickly reached to the stable operating point, and the waiting time until the optical rotation angle is measured can be reduced.
  • the light source of the laser light is a semiconductor laser
  • the target value for controlling the power of the laser light incident on the sample cell to be constant is determined by rotating the target value for a predetermined period immediately after the semiconductor laser is turned on. It is characterized in that it is set higher than the target output value of the laser when measuring the angle. According to this configuration, the size of the device can be reduced by using a semiconductor laser.
  • the temperature of the semiconductor laser chip changes due to the self-heating of the semiconductor laser, causing mode hopping of the laser oscillation, and the oscillation wavelength and polarization of the laser. Since optical characteristics such as characteristics change, stable measurement can only be performed after the temperature of the semiconductor laser has stabilized.
  • the level target value of the sum signal to be kept constant is set higher than the laser output target value for measuring the rotation angle for a predetermined period immediately after the semiconductor laser is turned on. This makes it possible to quickly change the temperature in the semiconductor laser chip to a stable operating point, and to reduce the waiting time until the optical rotation angle is measured.
  • FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an optical rotation measurement device according to the first embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a second method for detecting the power of laser light in the optical rotation measurement device according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a block diagram of an optical rotation measuring device according to a second embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 4 is a block diagram of an optical rotation measuring device according to a third embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. It is a block diagram.
  • FIG. 1 light emitted from a semiconductor laser 1 is collimated by a collimator lens 2, has a predetermined beam diameter by an aperture plate 15, and is linearly polarized by a polarizer 3.
  • Reference numeral 4 denotes a sample cell for holding a test sample, which can be a cup-shaped container provided with a glass window.
  • the linearly polarized beam passes through this sample cell 4.
  • the light transmitted through the sample cell 4 is separated by the polarization beam splitter 5 into polarization components different by 90 degrees, and received by the two light receiving elements 6a and 6b.
  • the signals detected by the two light receiving elements 6a and 6b are input to a differential amplifier 11 and an adder 12, respectively.
  • An output signal S 1 from the differential amplifier 11 is input to a computer 7, and a sample to be tested (for example, urine) is converted from the potential of the output signal S 1 by an AD converter (not shown) inside the computer 7.
  • the optical rotation and the concentration are required.
  • the output signal S 2 of the adder 12 is also Input in the evening 7 and the potential is detected in the same way.
  • the output signal S 2 represents the laser beam power after passing through the sample cell 4 because the signals detected by the two light receiving elements 6 a and 6 b are added and calculated.
  • the output signal S 2 is compared with a level target value S 4 set by the computer 7 by a comparator 13, and an error with respect to the level target value S 4 is input to a variable gain amplifier 14.
  • the gain setting amount of the variable gain amplifier 14 is determined by the signal S5 from the computer 7.
  • the output signal S 6 of the variable gain amplifier 14 is input to a laser driving circuit 10, and the semiconductor laser 1 is driven by the laser driving circuit 10.
  • the drive of the semiconductor laser 1 forms a control loop as described above, and the signal S 2 obtained by adding and calculating the level target value S 4 and the signals detected by the two light receiving elements 6a and 6b is matched. Is controlled. That is, the laser light power after passing through the sample cell 4 can be controlled by the level target value S4.
  • Reference numeral 9 denotes a back monitor for detecting the output power of the semiconductor laser 1.
  • the output signal S 3 detected by the knock monitor 9 is also input to the computer 7, and the power of the laser light incident on the sample cell 4 is also controlled by the computer 7. It is configured to be detectable.
  • the display device 8 and the storage device 16 display the result of calculating the signal detected by the computer, and store and reproduce the result. Further, a command can be given to the above-mentioned convenience store by an operation panel (not shown) or the like.
  • a configuration was used in which the power of the laser beam incident on the sample cell 4 was detected using the back monitor 9, but as shown in Fig. 2, a half mirror 91 was inserted between the aperture plate 15 and the polarizer 3.
  • detection may be performed using the light receiving element 90.
  • the power of the laser beam can be detected from the beam after passing through the collimating lens 2 and the aperture plate 15, it is possible to detect the laser beam without being affected by the spread angle of the output beam of the semiconductor laser 1. It becomes possible.
  • the operation of the optical rotation measuring device thus configured will be described in more detail.
  • the electric field components of the P-polarized light component and the s-polarized light component when the reference linearly polarized light is incident are decomposed as follows.
  • the P polarization component is
  • the s-polarized component is
  • the P polarization component is
  • the S polarization component is
  • the P polarization component is
  • EP1 2 Al 2 xCOS 2 (00 + 01) (Equation 7)
  • the S polarization component is
  • A1 2 Power of laser light after passing through sample cell 4
  • the incident angle 00 of the linearly polarized light with respect to the polarization beam splitter is adjusted to be 45 degrees, and the differential amplifier output S1 is obtained from (Equation 9).
  • the optical path length of the sample cell was 50 mm, and the laser wavelength was 785 nm.At room temperature, the optical rotation angle was about 1 at the concentration of 1 OmgZd1. It is about 0.014 degrees. Therefore, it is 01 0, and the differential amplifier output S 1 can be approximated by the following equation from (Equation 10).
  • the laser beam power incident on the sample cell 4 is detected by the signal S3, and the laser beam power after passing through the sample cell 4 is detected by the signal S2.
  • the signal S 2 is compared with the signal S 2 and the signal S 3 which were detected and stored when the glass window of the sample cell 4 was in a normal state with no dirt.
  • the signal S 3 is at the same level, but the level of the signal S 3 is higher than normal, that is, when the laser light power incident on the sample cell 4 increases, the transmittance of the sample cell 4 itself decreases. Because it can be determined that When the judgment level is exceeded, a message is output through the display device 8 so as to clean the glass window of the sample cell 4.
  • a sample to be measured such as urine is held in the sample cell 4, the power of the laser beam incident on the sample cell is detected by a signal S3, and the laser beam power after passing through the sample cell 4 is detected by a signal S3.
  • the transmittance of the sample cell itself is measured and stored in a state where the test sample is not held in the sample cell 4 as described above, and then the sample to be measured such as urine is stored in the sample cell 4.
  • the transmittance of the sample cell 4 containing the test sample is measured while holding the sample, and the transmittance of the test sample can be obtained using the previously stored transmittance of the sample cell itself.
  • the concentration of the optically active substance in the urine that is, a concentration selected from the group consisting of sugar, protein, and L-ascorbic acid, is determined from the optical rotation angle obtained from the signal S 1.
  • the light scattering substance concentration in urine that is, at least one of protein and blood can be detected from the transmittance of urine as a test sample.
  • the control loop of the semiconductor laser 1 since the transmittance of the test sample is different, the transmission gain of the optical system constituting the semiconductor laser 1 to the two light receiving elements 6a and 6b may be different.
  • the computer 7 uses the transmittance of the test sample detected by the above operation to compensate for the change in transmittance, which is the transmission gain of the optical system, and the computer 7 uses the variable gain amplifier in the control loop.
  • the loop gain of the control loop can be kept constant, the power of the laser beam can be controlled stably, and stable and accurate measurement can be performed.
  • the sample cell 4 is made detachable so that the test sample can be collected and the sample cell 4 can be easily washed, and a means for detecting the presence or absence of the sample cell 4 such as a switch not shown in FIG. 1 is used.
  • a means for detecting the presence or absence of the sample cell 4 such as a switch not shown in FIG. 1 is used.
  • the gain of the variable gain amplifier 14 can be switched to keep the loop gain of the control loop constant.
  • the oscillation state of the semiconductor laser 1 is stabilized by switching the level target value S 4 of the laser beam power after passing through the sample cell 4 depending on the state of attachment / detachment of the sample cell 4 having a detachable configuration. Measurement time can be reduced. More specifically, it is assumed that the transmittance of the sample cell 4 containing the test sample to be measured is known to some extent, for example, 0.5. Further, when the level target value S4 is set so that the output power of the semiconductor laser 1 when the sample cell 4 containing the test sample is inserted is controlled to 1 mW, the computer 7 stores the value.
  • the level target value S4 was divided by the above-described transmittance 0.5 when the optical rotation was measured.
  • the level target value is set to be twice as high, and the control works so as to double the amount of light reaching the light receiving elements 6a and 6b, but the transmittance in the optical system is reduced by not inserting the sample cell 4.
  • the emission power of the semiconductor laser 1 can be maintained at 1 mW. Therefore, even if the sample cell 4 is attached or detached by switching the level target value S4, the emission power of the semiconductor laser 1 can be made substantially constant.
  • the concentration of 10 mg Zd1 at room temperature is obtained.
  • the optical rotation angle is about 0.0014 degrees, and it is necessary to detect a very small amount.
  • the temperature change of the semiconductor laser 1 When a discontinuous change in oscillation wavelength (mode hopping) occurs, it becomes a factor that makes detection of the optical rotation angle unstable. Since the temperature change of the semiconductor laser 1 also changes due to the self-heating caused by the power change of the semiconductor laser 1, if the emission power of the semiconductor laser 1 changes greatly, the self-heating state of the semiconductor laser 1 itself is saturated.
  • reference numeral 20a denotes an APC circuit for inputting the output signal S3 of the back monitor 9 for detecting the output power of the semiconductor laser 1 and controlling the power of the laser beam to be constant
  • reference numeral 30 denotes the same variable as in FIG. A selector for switching the output signal S 6 of the gain amplifier 14 and the output signal S 7 of the APC circuit 20 a by the output signal S 8 of the computer 7 and inputting the switched signal to the laser drive circuit 10.
  • the output signal S 7 of the APC circuit 20 a is selected as a signal to be input to the laser drive circuit 10 by the output signal S 8 of the computer 7, and the laser light incident on the sample cell 4 is selected.
  • the computer 7 determines the transmittance of the sample cell 4 from the level S2 of the sum signal of the output signals of the two light receiving elements 6a and 6b that have received the laser beam after passing through the sample cell. Measure and set the gain of the variable gain amplifier 14 according to the transmittance. Next, the output signal S 8 of the computer 7 switches to the output signal S 6 of the variable gain amplifier 14 as a signal to be input to the laser drive circuit 10, and the optical rotation is measured by the output signal S 1 of the differential amplifier 11 1 I do. Since the transmittance can be measured in advance in this way, if the transmittance of the test sample is different or if the sample cell becomes dirty, etc., the laser light source is controlled within the laser light control loop.
  • the transmission gain of the optical system that constitutes up to two light receiving elements may differ, it is possible to obtain the transmittance, that is, the transmission gain of the optical system, by keeping the power of the laser beam incident on the sample cell constant in advance. Therefore, when the transmittance of the test sample is unknown or when the sample cell becomes dirty, the change in transmittance is large and the laser can be controlled stably in the initial setting state of the variable gain amplifier 14. Even in cases where it is not possible, the variable gain amplifier 14 in the control loop can be set using this previously determined transmittance, and the control loop gain of the laser beam can always be kept constant. Because, controllable and becomes the Pawa one laser beam stably, views a stable accurate measurement. Third embodiment
  • reference numeral 20b denotes an APC circuit which receives the output signal S3 of the back monitor 9 for detecting the output power of the semiconductor laser 1 and controls the power of the laser beam
  • the output signal of the APC circuit 20b is a computer 7 Set by The semiconductor laser 1 is controlled by the laser drive circuit 10 after being compared with the bell target value S 4 by the comparator 13. That is, the semiconductor laser 1 is controlled by using the back monitor 9, the APC circuit 20b, the comparator 13, and the laser drive circuit 10 so that the value becomes the value set by the level target value S4.
  • the optical rotation is obtained by dividing the output signal S 1 from the differential amplifier 11 by the output signal S 2 of the adder 12.
  • the transmittance of the sample cell 4 containing the test sample is 0.5 times the original measurement state, for example, the amount of light reaching the light receiving elements 6a and 6b becomes 0.5 times
  • the laser light power (AO 2 ) after passing through the sample cell 4 used for the description becomes 0.5 times, so that the differential amplifier output S 1 is also 0.5 times from (Expression ⁇ ).
  • the sensitivity decreases.
  • the adder output signal S2 becomes the laser beam power (AO 2 ) after passing through the sample cell 4, by dividing the differential amplifier output S1 by this signal S2, the original sensitivity can be obtained. It can be converted. This division operation is performed inside the computer 7.
  • the level target value S4 is set to be higher than the output target value of the laser when the optical rotation angle is measured for a predetermined period immediately after the semiconductor laser 1 is turned on.
  • the semiconductor laser 1 can be preheated, and the transient period of the operating temperature change due to self-heating immediately after the semiconductor laser 1 is turned on can be quickly converged. It is possible to reduce the waiting time until the change (mode hopping) converges, and the waiting time until the rotation angle is measured.
  • the optical rotation measuring device and the urinalysis device include a laser After the light is polarized into linearly polarized light by a polarizing element, the linearly polarized light is passed through a sample cell holding a test sample to be measured, and the transmitted light is separated into polarization components different by 90 degrees from each other.
  • the polarized light component is received by each of the two light-receiving elements, and the difference between the output levels of the two light-receiving elements is used as the output signal to measure the angle of rotation.
  • no solenoid coil is required, and the sample cell has a cylindrical shape. This makes it easy to collect the test sample and clean the sample cell, does not require a large current, and makes it possible to reduce the size and power consumption of the device.
  • the level of the transmitted light is kept constant by controlling the intensity of the output light of the laser according to the level of the sum signal of the output signals of the two light receiving elements. Even if the transmittance of the sample is different or the sample cell is dirty, etc., and the amount of light passing through the sample cell fluctuates, a constant amount of light always reaches the two light receiving elements. Can be kept stable, and stable and accurate measurement can be expected.
  • the power of the laser light incident on the sample cell is controlled to be constant, and the difference between the output levels of the two light receiving elements is determined as the level of the sum signal of the two light receiving elements. Since the optical rotation angle is measured as the output signal using the signal obtained by dividing by the above, the transmittance of the test sample is different, the sample cell is dirty, and the amount of light passing from the sample cell varies. Even in this case, since the power of the laser light incident on the sample cell is constant, the light source of the laser light can be operated stably, and more stable and accurate measurement can be expected.
  • the sample obtained from the sum signal level of the power of the laser beam incident on the sample cell and the output signals of the two light receiving elements without holding the test sample in the sample cell.
  • the transmittance of the sample cell itself is measured from the laser light power after passing through the cell, and when the transmittance decreases compared to a predetermined value, a predetermined display is performed. It is possible to measure its own transmittance, If normal measurement becomes impossible, such as when the sample cell is abnormally contaminated or foreign matter is present in the optical path through which the laser beam passes, this can be quickly known.
  • a sample to be measured is held in a sample cell, and the level of the sum signal of the power of the laser light incident on the sample cell and the output signal of the two light receiving elements is determined.
  • the transmittance of the sample cell containing the test sample is measured based on the obtained laser beam power after passing through the sample cell, and when the transmittance is reduced as compared with a predetermined value, a predetermined display is performed. ing.
  • the level of the sum of the laser beam incident on the sample cell and the output signal of the two light receiving elements is determined.
  • the transmittance of the sample cell itself is measured and stored from the obtained laser power after passing through the sample cell, the sample to be measured is held in the sample cell, the power of the laser light incident on the sample cell and the two light receiving elements
  • the transmittance of the sample cell containing the test sample is measured from the laser light power after passing through the sample cell obtained from the level of the sum signal of the output signals, and the transmittance of the sample cell containing the test sample is stored in advance. It is possible to measure the transmittance of the test sample by measuring the transmittance of the test sample from the transmittance of the sample cell itself. This makes it possible to estimate the amount of the light-absorbing substance contained, and to estimate the reliability of the measured optical rotation angle.
  • the concentration of the optically rotating substance in the urine is determined from the angle of rotation, and the concentration of the light scattering substance in the urine is determined from the transmittance, using the test sample of the optical rotation measuring device as urine.
  • the concentration of the optically active substance contained in urine can be easily measured.
  • the optically active substance is at least one selected from the group consisting of sugar, protein, and L-ascorbic acid, and the optical rotation angle of urine is provided. By measuring the concentration, the concentration of sugar or protein in urine can be accurately determined.
  • urine contains L-ascorbic acid (so-called vitamin C)
  • the L-ascorbic acid concentration can be determined by measuring the angle of rotation.
  • the light scattering substance is at least one of protein and blood
  • the urine permeability is measured by measuring the urine transmittance. Protein or blood concentration can be determined.
  • a gain adjusting means is provided in a control loop for controlling the intensity of the laser output light in accordance with the level of the sum signal of the output signals of the two light receiving elements. Since the gain of the gain adjustment means is set according to the transmittance of the test sample and the loop gain of the control loop is fixed, the laser beam is controlled in the laser light control loop because the transmittance of the test sample is different. Even if the transmission gain of the optical system from the light source to the two light receiving elements may differ, the loop gain can be kept constant by using the gain adjustment means in the control loop, and the power of the laser light can be stabilized. Control is possible, and stable and accurate measurement can be expected.
  • a gain adjustment unit is provided in a control loop that controls the intensity of laser output light in accordance with the level of the sum signal of the output signals of the two light receiving elements
  • the sample cell is configured to be detachable in the optical path, and switches the gain of the gain adjustment means in a state in which a sample cell holding a test sample to be measured is inserted in the optical path and a state in which the sample cell is not inserted. And making the loop gain of the control loop constant. According to this configuration, it is easy to collect the test sample because the sample cell is detachable, and the transmittance differs depending on the sample cell when the sample cell is inserted and when the sample cell is not inserted.
  • the loop gain can be kept constant by using the gain adjustment means in the control loop, so that the laser beam power can be controlled stably and the sample cell state Irrespective of the above, stable laser control can be expected.
  • the power of the laser beam incident on the sample cell is controlled to be constant, and the sum of the power of the laser beam incident on the sample cell and the output signals of the two light receiving elements is controlled.
  • the transmittance of the sample cell is measured from the laser light power after passing through the sample cell obtained from the signal level, and the intensity of the laser output light is controlled according to the level of the sum signal of the output signals of the two light receiving elements.
  • a gain adjustment means is provided in the control loop, and after setting the gain of the gain adjustment means according to the transmittance of the sample cell of the test sample, the gain is adjusted according to the level of the sum signal of the output signals of the two light receiving elements.
  • the control of the laser is switched so as to control the intensity of the output light of one circuit.
  • the optical system that constitutes from the laser light source to the two light receiving elements in the laser light control loop is controlled. Even if the transmission gain differs, it is possible to obtain the transmission gain of the optical system while keeping the power of the laser light incident on the sample cell constant, that is, to obtain the transmission gain of the optical system. Since the gain of the gain adjustment means in the control loop can be set using the transmittance, the control loop gain of the laser beam can be controlled even when the transmittance of the test sample is unknown or when the sample cell becomes dirty. Since it is possible to keep the constant, the power of the laser beam can be controlled stably, and stable and accurate measurement can be expected.
  • the light source of the laser light is a semiconductor laser, and the intensity of the output light of the laser is controlled according to the level of the sum signal of the output signals of the two light receiving elements.
  • the control for keeping the level of the transmitted light constant at least one of the transmittance of the sample cell itself, which transmits the previously stored linearly polarized light, and the transmittance of the sample cell containing the test sample to be measured. One of them is stored in advance, and the sum signal level is kept constant.
  • the target value when the sample cell to be measured is not inserted into the optical path is divided by the previously stored transmittance with respect to the level target value when the sample cell is inserted into the optical path. Set higher.
  • the sample cell is detachable, and the transmittance differs depending on the sample cell when the sample cell is inserted and when the sample cell is not inserted. Since it is possible to switch the level target value of the constant sum signal, it is possible to reduce the amount of change in the emission power of the laser light source between the state where the sample cell is inserted and the state where the sample cell is not inserted. Thus, the oscillation state of the laser light source can be kept stable.
  • the light source of the laser light is a semiconductor laser
  • the target level value of the sum signal to be kept constant for a predetermined period immediately after the semiconductor laser is turned on is determined by the optical rotation angle. Set higher than the target value of laser output when measuring. According to this configuration, the size of the device can be reduced by using a semiconductor laser. Also, immediately after the semiconductor laser is turned on or when the emission power changes, the self-heating of the semiconductor laser causes a temperature change in the chip of the semiconductor laser, and mode hobbing of laser oscillation occurs, and laser oscillation occurs.
  • the optical characteristics such as wavelength and polarization characteristics change
  • stable measurement is possible only after the temperature of the semiconductor laser has stabilized, so a waiting time is required before the optical rotation angle is measured.
  • the target level of the sum signal By setting the target level of the sum signal to be constant higher than the laser output target value when measuring the optical rotation angle for a predetermined period immediately after turning on the light, the temperature change in the semiconductor laser chip chip is stabilized quickly and stably. It is possible to reach the operating point, and the waiting time until the rotation angle is measured can be reduced.
  • the light source of the laser light is a semiconductor laser
  • the target value for controlling the power of the laser light incident on the sample cell to be constant is to turn on the semiconductor laser.
  • the target value is set higher than the target output value of the laser when measuring the optical rotation angle for a predetermined period immediately after Set. According to this configuration, it is possible to reduce the size of the device by using a semiconductor laser. Also, immediately after the semiconductor laser is turned on or when the emission power changes, the self-heating of the semiconductor laser causes a temperature change in the chip of the semiconductor laser, which causes mode hobbing of laser oscillation.
  • optical characteristics such as oscillation wavelength and polarization characteristics change
  • stable measurement can be performed only after the semiconductor laser temperature has stabilized, so a waiting time is required before measuring the optical rotation angle.
  • the semiconductor laser chip This makes it possible to quickly reach a stable operating point due to a temperature change, thereby reducing the waiting time until the optical rotation angle is measured.

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Abstract

Ce procédé de production d'une électrode destinée à des cellules électrolytique non aqueuses consiste à appliquer une couche d'une substance activatrice d'électrode et comprenant une substance active à base de carbone polymère, un agent électroconducteur en graphite, du type en paillettes, ainsi qu'un agent de fixation sur un collecteur, ce procédé étant caractérisé en ce que la surface utile spécifique de la substance active, telle que mesurée par la méthode BET, est représentée par Sa, le poids du mélange au moment du malaxage est représenté par Wa, la surface utile spécifique du graphite, telle que mesurée par la méthode BET, est représenté par Sg, et le poids mélangé de celui-ci, au moment du malaxage, est représenté par Wg, en ce que les substances sont malaxées par un dispositif de malaxage dans des conditions correspondant à la formule suivante: Wa/wg ≥ (0,5 x Sg) /Sa. Ce procédé permet d'obtenir une électrode destinées à des cellules électrolytiques non aqueuses possédant des caractéristiques améliorées de charge/décharge, telles que le potentiel et la capacité de décharge, et la durée de vie des cycles de charge/décharge.
PCT/JP1998/005539 1997-12-09 1998-12-08 Procede de production d'une electrode destinee a des cellules secondaires electrolytiques non aqueuses WO1999030132A1 (fr)

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JP9/338412 1997-12-09
JP33841297 1997-12-09

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CN103226094A (zh) * 2012-01-30 2013-07-31 精工爱普生株式会社 光学测定装置和光学测定方法
JP2014130046A (ja) * 2012-12-28 2014-07-10 Seiko Epson Corp 旋光度測定方法、成分濃度測定方法、旋光度測定装置及び医療機器
JP2014130045A (ja) * 2012-12-28 2014-07-10 Seiko Epson Corp 旋光度測定方法、成分濃度測定方法、旋光度測定装置及び医療機器
WO2014181319A1 (fr) * 2013-05-06 2014-11-13 T.G.M Technologies Ltd. Procédé et système de mesure non invasive d'une concentration d'un composant optiquement actif
US9056090B2 (en) 2005-06-17 2015-06-16 Msd Italia Srl Hepatitis C virus nucleic acid vaccine
US9576518B2 (en) 2014-12-31 2017-02-21 Shenzhen China Optoelectronics Technology Co., Ltd Display panel and driving circuit thereof
JP2021063680A (ja) * 2019-10-11 2021-04-22 Ｔｉａｎｍａ Ｊａｐａｎ株式会社 磁気光学式計測装置
JP2021099286A (ja) * 2019-12-23 2021-07-01 株式会社日立製作所 光計測装置

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US7411675B2 (en) * 2003-03-28 2008-08-12 Citizen Holdings Co., Ltd. Optical rotation angle measuring apparatus
JP5990905B2 (ja) * 2011-12-19 2016-09-14 ソニー株式会社 測定装置、測定方法、プログラム及び記録媒体
TW201421029A (zh) * 2012-11-30 2014-06-01 Ind Tech Res Inst 光學旋轉角度量測系統及其方法
CN104596946B (zh) * 2014-04-17 2018-03-09 王胤 探测顺磁分子气体的方法和系统

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US9056090B2 (en) 2005-06-17 2015-06-16 Msd Italia Srl Hepatitis C virus nucleic acid vaccine
CN103226094A (zh) * 2012-01-30 2013-07-31 精工爱普生株式会社 光学测定装置和光学测定方法
JP2013156143A (ja) * 2012-01-30 2013-08-15 Seiko Epson Corp 光学測定装置及び光学測定方法
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JP2014130046A (ja) * 2012-12-28 2014-07-10 Seiko Epson Corp 旋光度測定方法、成分濃度測定方法、旋光度測定装置及び医療機器
JP2014130045A (ja) * 2012-12-28 2014-07-10 Seiko Epson Corp 旋光度測定方法、成分濃度測定方法、旋光度測定装置及び医療機器
WO2014181319A1 (fr) * 2013-05-06 2014-11-13 T.G.M Technologies Ltd. Procédé et système de mesure non invasive d'une concentration d'un composant optiquement actif
US9295419B2 (en) 2013-05-06 2016-03-29 T.G.M. Technologies Ltd Method and system for a non-invasive measurement of optically active component concentration
US9576518B2 (en) 2014-12-31 2017-02-21 Shenzhen China Optoelectronics Technology Co., Ltd Display panel and driving circuit thereof
JP2021063680A (ja) * 2019-10-11 2021-04-22 Ｔｉａｎｍａ Ｊａｐａｎ株式会社 磁気光学式計測装置
JP2021099286A (ja) * 2019-12-23 2021-07-01 株式会社日立製作所 光計測装置

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