WO1999023225A1 - Nouveaux micro-organismes a fermentation elevee - Google Patents
Nouveaux micro-organismes a fermentation elevee Download PDFInfo
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- WO1999023225A1 WO1999023225A1 PCT/EP1998/007009 EP9807009W WO9923225A1 WO 1999023225 A1 WO1999023225 A1 WO 1999023225A1 EP 9807009 W EP9807009 W EP 9807009W WO 9923225 A1 WO9923225 A1 WO 9923225A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- microorganism
- trehalose
- yeast
- tpp
- fermentation
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- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 101710197404 Trehalose-phosphate phosphatase Proteins 0.000 claims abstract description 36
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N9/00—Enzymes; Proenzymes; Compositions thereof; Processes for preparing, activating, inhibiting, separating or purifying enzymes
- C12N9/10—Transferases (2.)
- C12N9/1048—Glycosyltransferases (2.4)
- C12N9/1051—Hexosyltransferases (2.4.1)
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A21—BAKING; EDIBLE DOUGHS
- A21D—TREATMENT OF FLOUR OR DOUGH FOR BAKING, e.g. BY ADDITION OF MATERIALS; BAKING; BAKERY PRODUCTS
- A21D8/00—Methods for preparing or baking dough
- A21D8/02—Methods for preparing dough; Treating dough prior to baking
- A21D8/04—Methods for preparing dough; Treating dough prior to baking treating dough with microorganisms or enzymes
- A21D8/047—Methods for preparing dough; Treating dough prior to baking treating dough with microorganisms or enzymes with yeasts
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N1/00—Microorganisms, e.g. protozoa; Compositions thereof; Processes of propagating, maintaining or preserving microorganisms or compositions thereof; Processes of preparing or isolating a composition containing a microorganism; Culture media therefor
- C12N1/14—Fungi; Culture media therefor
- C12N1/16—Yeasts; Culture media therefor
- C12N1/18—Baker's yeast; Brewer's yeast
- C12N1/185—Saccharomyces isolates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N9/00—Enzymes; Proenzymes; Compositions thereof; Processes for preparing, activating, inhibiting, separating or purifying enzymes
- C12N9/14—Hydrolases (3)
- C12N9/16—Hydrolases (3) acting on ester bonds (3.1)
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12R—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES C12C - C12Q, RELATING TO MICROORGANISMS
- C12R2001/00—Microorganisms ; Processes using microorganisms
- C12R2001/645—Fungi ; Processes using fungi
- C12R2001/85—Saccharomyces
- C12R2001/865—Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Definitions
- the present invention relates to improvement of fermenting capacity of microorganisms, specifically yeast and more specifically Saccharomyces .
- yeast strains for example belonging to the genus Saccharomyces are used worldwide in the production of ethanol, both as endproduct and for brewing purposes, and leavening of bread. Such yeasts are capable of fermenting sugars to approximately equimolar amounts of carbondioxide (C0 2 ) and ethanol under anaerobic conditions.
- Baker's yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae
- cream yeast (15%-21% dry matter)
- compressed yeast (26%-33% dry matter) , active dry yeast (92%-94% dry matter) or instant dry yeast (94%-97% dry matter) .
- the past decades, one of the most important goals in yeast research has been the improvement of the fermentative capacity of baker's yeast, resulting in improved C0 2 -production rates. For this purpose, both classical hybridisation and molecular genetic techniques have been used.
- hexokinase functions as a signal molecule in the carbohydrate metabolism in the sense that a slower rate of hexose phosphorylation also reduces the first steps in the glycolysis (Hohmann, S. et al . , Curr. Genet. 23., 281-289, 1993; van Dam, K. et al . , Ant . V.Leeuwenh. 63., 315-321, 1993).
- This research has been done with yeast defective in trehalose metabolism (ggsl- mutant, described in Thevelein, J.M., Ant . V . Leeuwenh .
- microorganisms having an increased fermentation capacity can be obtained by providing them with a recombinant DNA capable of expressing TPP, this recombinant DNA preferably being of heterologous origin, preferably selected from the group of bacterial, fungal, plant, animal and human DNA, more preferably from Escherichia coli . More specifically the microorganism is a yeast, preferably a yeast of a strain of Saccharomyces , more preferably Saccharomyces cerevisiae .
- Another object of the invention is to provide a microorganism having an altered carbohydrate metabolism and/or fermentation capacity characterized in that this alteration is caused by a recombinant DNA expressing a product which influences the endogenous level of trehalose-6-phosphate .
- Also object of the invention is a method for modifying the carbohydrate metabolism of a microorganism and/or the fermentation capacity of said microorganism by providing it with a recombinant DNA expressing TPP.
- the recombinant DNA in this method will preferably be a heterologous DNA sequence, preferably selected from the group of bacterial, fungal, plant, animal and human DNA, more preferably from Escherichia coli .
- microorganisms having a modified carbohydrate metabolism and/or fermentation capacity characterized in that this alteration is caused by a recombinant DNA expressing a product which influences the endogenous level of trehalose-6- phosphate, the product preferably selected from the group consisting of TPS, TPP, trehalase, trehalose phosphorylase, trehalose hydrolase and anti-sense trehalase.
- the invention describes a method for providing microorganisms having an increased fermentation capacity by being provided with a recombinant DNA capable of expressing TPP, this recombinant DNA preferably being of heterologous origin, preferably selected from the group of bacterial, fungal, plant, animal and human DNA, more preferably from Escherichia coli .
- the microorganism used in this method is a yeast, preferably a yeast of a strain of Saccharomyces, more preferably Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
- Another object of the invention is improved dough for use in bakery, comprising a yeast according to this invention. Also comprised is a method for baking using said dough, and bread or other bakery products baked by this method.
- a further object of the invention is a method for ethanol production with the microorganisms of the invention. Also a method for beer brewing or brewing other alcoholic beverages forms part of the invention. Accordingly also the bevrages produced by such a method are comprised in this invention.
- FIGURES Figure 1 Measurement of the fermentation capacity of a reference strain (Mog2) and an isogenic strain which contains a cassette expressing TPP (Mog3) . Fermentation capacity is measured by ethanol production versus time in an anaerobic reaction vessel under C0 2 . Concentration of biomass was 2.00 g/1. The figure shows the results of a single comparison. Of both strains measurements have been taken in duplo .
- yeasts expressing a heterologous gene for TPP are showing a higher fermentative capacity, resulting in increased C0 2 and ethanol production rates by having an increased carbohydrate metabolic capacity.
- no difference was seen in batch cultures and levels of trehalose remained unaltered.
- oscillations in metabolism were observed as noted by changes in oxygen consumption.
- this strain showed a dramatic increase in fermentation capacity.
- trehalose synthesis in yeast is dependent on a complex of three enzymes, trehalose phosphate synthase (TPS) , trehalose phosphate phosphatase (TPP) and a third enzyme, which harbours homologous regions to both TPS and TPP, a so-called bipartite enzyme (TPS/P) .
- TPS trehalose phosphate synthase
- TPP trehalose phosphate phosphatase
- TPP trehalose phosphate phosphatase
- TPP trehalose phosphate phosphatase
- Said third enzyme has also been thought to have regulatory functions (Thevelein, J.M., Hohmann, S., TIBS 2_0_, 3-10, 1995) .
- These three enzymes interact with each other to produce trehalose-6-phosphate and, subsequently, trehalose from UDP-glucose and glucose-6-phosphate .
- This complex is suggested to play a role in sugar sensing and signalling. Disturbance of this complex, modification of its activity, or altered regulation of the activity by introduction of a recombinant TPP gene appears to result in an increase of the glycolysis and thus an increased rate in C0 2 and ethanol production.
- the present invention provides a transformed microorganism, preferably a yeast, which is able to express a TPP gene.
- This TPP gene is preferably of heterologous origin.
- heterologous DNA is meant DNA not originating from the same yeast genus.
- heterologous DNA is used when Saccharomyces is transformed with DNA not originating from Saccharomyces .
- the heterologous DNA may be of any origin, for instance, bacterial, fungal, plant, animal or human DNA.
- the TPP gene is derived from Escherichia coli . This enzyme has been described in EP 0 784 095. Also other genes coding for TPP are available at this moment as can be learnt from WO 97/42326.
- the expression of TPP is under control of a constitutive promoter.
- a recombinant DNA construct should be introduced which is able to place the endogenous gene under control of a constitutive promoter.
- a constitutive promoter is meant a promoter which effects expression of a gene independently of environmental conditions, for example the alcohol dehydrogenase promoter ⁇ AD 1 - promoter) similar to that described by Bennetzen, J.C. and Hall, B.D. (J. Biol. Che .
- GPDH-promoter the glyceraldehyde-3 -phosphate dehydrogenase promoter
- GPDH-promoter glyceraldehyde-3 -phosphate dehydrogenase promoter
- Use of such a promoter effects expression under the conditions of fed-batch fermentation production processes as well as under dough conditions .
- the transformed yeast according to this invention can be used as a starting strain for strain improvement procedures, such as mutation, mass mating and protoplast fusion. The resulting strains are considered to form part of this invention.
- Transformed yeast strains of this invention therefor include not only strains of baker's yeast, but also, for example, beer, whiskey and wine yeast strains.
- TPP trehalose-6-phosphate
- T-6-P trehalose-6-phosphate
- any enzymes capable of degrading T-6-P such as trehalose hydrolase (TreC, Rimmele, M. and Boos, W. , J. Bact . 176, 5654-5664, 1994) would have the same effects.
- Trehalase and trehalose phosphorylase are enzymes which are capable of degrading trehalose which is also the product of trehalose-6-phosphate phosphatase (TPP) activity. If the biosynthetic path leading to trehalose is partly controlled on the product-level (e.g. product- inhibition) , expression of trehalose degrading or forming enzymes will influence endogenous TPP activity and thereby affect trehalose-6- phosphate accumulation. For this influence both sense and anti-sense sequences for these enzymes may be used.
- E. coli K-12 strain DH5 -alpha is used for cloning.
- Yeast strain Saccharomyces cerevisiae CEN.PK113-3C MATa trpl-289 MAL2 - 8 SUC2 is used in all examples described.
- a DNA fragment harbouring the TPS E. coli coding sequence including the plant 3' poly adenylation signal was obtained by digesting pMOG799 (PCT/EP 97/02497) with the restriction enzymes Smal and Pstl.
- This fragment was inserted in the yeast shuttle vector p424 GPD (Mumberg, D., M ⁇ ller, R. and Funk, M. , Gene 156, 119-122, 1995), also digested with Smal and Pstl, yielding pMOG1199.
- pMOG1198 Similar to the cloning of pMOG1199, a DNA fragment harbouring the TPP E. coli coding sequence was obtained tailored in such a way that Smal and Pstl sites are present at the terminal ends. This fragment was inserted in the yeast shuttle vector ⁇ 424 GPD (Mumberg, D., M ⁇ ller, R. and Funk, M. , Gene 156 (1995) 119-122), also digested with Smal and Pstl, yielding pMOG1198.
- Precultures of strains were grown to stationary phase in shake-flask cultures on mineral medium containing 2% (w/v) glucose. After adding glycerol (30% v/v) , 2 ml aliquots were stored in sterile vials at - 80°C. These frozen stock cultures were used to inoculate precultures for batch and chemostat cultivation.
- Precultures were prepared by inoculating 100 ml mineral medium (0.3% w/v glucose) with 1 ml frozen stock culture. Cultures were incubated on an orbital shaker (200 rpm) at 30°C for 1 day. For growth curves, 4 ml of preculture was inoculated in a 500 ml Erlenmeyer flask with 100 ml mineral medium (2% w/v glucose or 1% v/v ethanol, pH 6.0) and then shaken (200 rpm) at 30°C. Optical-density measurements were performed at appropriate time intervals as described by Weusthuis, R.A et al . (Is the Kluyver effect in yeast caused by product inhibition? Microbiology 140.: 1723-1729, 1994) .
- Aerobic chemostat cultivation was performed at 30°C in laboratory fermenters (Applikon, Schiedam, The Netherlands) , at a stirrer speed of 800 rpm and a dilution rate of 0.10 h "1 .
- the working volume of the cultures was kept at 1.0 1 by a peristaltic effluent pump coupled to an electrical level sensor. This set-up ensured that under all growth conditions, biomass concentrations in samples taken directly from the cultures differed by less than 1% from biomass concentrations in samples taken from the effluent line.
- the pH was kept at 5.0 ⁇ 0.1 by an ADI 1030 biocontroller, via the automatic addition of 2 mol/1 "1 KOH.
- the fermenter was flushed with air at a flow rate of 0.5 1/min "1 using a Brooks 5876 mass-flow controller.
- the dissolved oxygen concentration was continuously monitored with an oxygen electrode (Ingold, 34 100 3002) and remained above 60% of air saturation. Chemostat cultures were routinely checked for purity using phase-contrast microscopy.
- Samples containing exactly 100 mg dry weight of biomass from a steady- state chemostat were harvested by centrifugation at 5000 ( g for 5 min, washed once and resuspended in 5 ml 0.9% (w/v) NaCl solution. Subsequently, these cell suspensions were introduced into a thermostatted (30°C) vessel containing 10 ml 5-fold concentrated mineral medium, set at pH 5.6. The volume was adjusted to 40 ml with demineralized water. After 10 min incubation a 10 ml glucose pulse (100 g.l "1 ) was given and samples (1 ml) were taken at appropriate time intervals.
- the working volume was 50 ml with a 10 ml headspace which was continuously flushed with C0 2 gas at a flow rate of approximately 10 ml.h "1 .
- the ethanol concentration in the supernatant was determined with a colorimetric assay according to Verduyn, C. et al . (Colorimetric alcohol assays with alcohol oxidase . J. Microbiol . Meth. 2_: 15-25, 1984) using partially purified alcohol oxidase from Hansenula polymorpha .
- the fermentative capacity is expressed as mmol ethanol produced, (g dry weight) "1 h "1 .
- Glucose in reservoir media and supernatants was determined enzymatically using the GOD-PAP method (Merck systems kit 14144.
- the ethanol concentration in the medium was determined with a colorimetric assay according to Verduyn et al . (1984) using partially purified alcohol oxidase from Hansenula polymorpha .
- the different yeast strains were also compared on growth characteristics in continuous fed aerobic chemostat cultures. When grown in steady state, no differences were noted between the different strains in biomass yield or production of metabolites.
- the TPP transgenic Saccharomyces strain revealed a persistent and characteristic metabolic oscillation as noted by continuous measuring the soluble oxygen concentration in the cultures. This oscillation was not comparable to that observed when spontaneous synchronisation of the cell -cycle occurs in some wild-type Saccharomyces strains, indicating that some form of metabolic regulation is disturbed in the transgenic strain.
- the TPP transgenic yeast strain was also tested in a system that reflects the conditions occuring during the preparation of dough.
- the strain was precultured in aerobic, sugar limited chemostat cultures. This preculture reflects the industrial production process of bakers-yeast in fed-batch cultures. Subsequently the culture was transferred to anaerobic conditions in the presence of sugar to monitor the production of ethanol and C0 2 . The results of those experiments are depicted in figure 1.
- Pule 6.4(d) applies, such date is the date on which the status of international depositary authority was acquired.
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Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN109182301A (zh) * | 2018-08-17 | 2019-01-11 | 广东溢多利生物科技股份有限公司 | 一种二糖降解酶基因及其应用 |
CN110713996A (zh) * | 2019-10-17 | 2020-01-21 | 广东溢多利生物科技股份有限公司 | 一种海藻糖酶及其载体与应用 |
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Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN109182301A (zh) * | 2018-08-17 | 2019-01-11 | 广东溢多利生物科技股份有限公司 | 一种二糖降解酶基因及其应用 |
CN109182301B (zh) * | 2018-08-17 | 2021-12-07 | 广东溢多利生物科技股份有限公司 | 一种二糖降解酶基因及其应用 |
CN110713996A (zh) * | 2019-10-17 | 2020-01-21 | 广东溢多利生物科技股份有限公司 | 一种海藻糖酶及其载体与应用 |
CN110713996B (zh) * | 2019-10-17 | 2021-09-07 | 广东溢多利生物科技股份有限公司 | 一种海藻糖酶及其载体与应用 |
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