WO1999008771A2 - Filterelement, insbesondere zur flüssigkeitsfilterung - Google Patents
Filterelement, insbesondere zur flüssigkeitsfilterung Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1999008771A2 WO1999008771A2 PCT/EP1998/004884 EP9804884W WO9908771A2 WO 1999008771 A2 WO1999008771 A2 WO 1999008771A2 EP 9804884 W EP9804884 W EP 9804884W WO 9908771 A2 WO9908771 A2 WO 9908771A2
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- filter
- fleece
- filter element
- web
- element according
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 8
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000004049 embossing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001410 Microfiber Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003658 microfiber Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 abstract 4
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012790 confirmation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D29/00—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor
- B01D29/11—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor with bag, cage, hose, tube, sleeve or like filtering elements
- B01D29/111—Making filtering elements
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D29/00—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor
- B01D29/11—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor with bag, cage, hose, tube, sleeve or like filtering elements
- B01D29/13—Supported filter elements
- B01D29/15—Supported filter elements arranged for inward flow filtration
- B01D29/21—Supported filter elements arranged for inward flow filtration with corrugated, folded or wound sheets
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D39/00—Filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
- B01D39/14—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material
- B01D39/16—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material of organic material, e.g. synthetic fibres
- B01D39/1607—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material of organic material, e.g. synthetic fibres the material being fibrous
- B01D39/1623—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material of organic material, e.g. synthetic fibres the material being fibrous of synthetic origin
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D39/00—Filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
- B01D39/14—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material
- B01D39/20—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material of inorganic material, e.g. asbestos paper, metallic filtering material of non-woven wires
- B01D39/2003—Glass or glassy material
- B01D39/2017—Glass or glassy material the material being filamentary or fibrous
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D39/00—Filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
- B01D39/14—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material
- B01D39/20—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material of inorganic material, e.g. asbestos paper, metallic filtering material of non-woven wires
- B01D39/2027—Metallic material
- B01D39/2041—Metallic material the material being filamentary or fibrous
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M37/00—Apparatus or systems for feeding liquid fuel from storage containers to carburettors or fuel-injection apparatus; Arrangements for purifying liquid fuel specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines
- F02M37/22—Arrangements for purifying liquid fuel specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines, e.g. arrangements in the feeding system
- F02M37/32—Arrangements for purifying liquid fuel specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines, e.g. arrangements in the feeding system characterised by filters or filter arrangements
- F02M37/34—Arrangements for purifying liquid fuel specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines, e.g. arrangements in the feeding system characterised by filters or filter arrangements by the filter structure, e.g. honeycomb, mesh or fibrous
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2201/00—Details relating to filtering apparatus
- B01D2201/12—Pleated filters
- B01D2201/127—Pleated filters with means for keeping the spacing between the pleats
Definitions
- Filter element especially for liquid filtering
- the invention relates to a filter element, in particular for filtering liquids, and a method for its production according to the preamble of claim 1.
- a filter element is known, for example, from DE 94 03 868.6 U1 with a zigzag-folded filter web, in which the filter web is folded in a star shape. The resulting hollow cylinder is flowed radially from the outside by the liquid to be filtered and the filtered liquid is led out of the filter element centrally.
- the material of the filter web is paper, felt or a plastic fleece, these filter elements being inserted as a replaceable insert in a corresponding filter housing. After a certain operating time, these filter elements with the known filter material no longer have sufficient filter properties and must be replaced.
- the invention has for its object to develop a filter element of the type mentioned in such a way that a long life of the filter element can be achieved with a simple structure retained.
- the filter element according to the invention is advantageous, in particular for use as a liquid filter in a motor vehicle, with the features of the characterizing part of claim 1 in that with a filter fleece which contains metal or glass fiber, an extraordinarily long service life, possibly even corresponding to the service life of the connected unit, is made possible. This also simplifies the construction of the filter housing, since it is no longer necessary to replace the filter element.
- the filter web is made from pre-embossed filter fleece plates or from a rolled-up filter fleece web and the individual surfaces of the zigzag shape are imprinted on the basis of the embossing Manufacturing process formed.
- a mechanically stable filter element can be permanently formed, which retains the advantages of the relatively large filter surface even with a star fold, based on the respective installation space, and therefore does not fall back on the multi-layer arrangement, known per se, with various nonwoven materials.
- filter fleece which consists entirely of metal fibers
- filter webs of approximately 1 mm thickness can be produced in various pore sizes and fiber thicknesses, in particular made of stainless steel fibers.
- the use of sintered metal fiber fleece is also advantageous.
- the metal fiber fleece is particularly suitable for use in the thermally stressed oil filter area, whereby the fibers have sufficient capacity to store the dirt particles over a long service life without becoming brittle.
- the filter fleece with different metal fiber diameters can be used in a single-layer design for certain filter fleece arrangements in terms of weight and cost.
- the filter element as a glass fiber fleece, it can advantageously be laminated or coated on one or both sides with polyester fibers.
- grooving or other embossing can be carried out in a simple manner and the glass fiber fleece can be processed to form a star-fold filter element without additional protective fleece on the upstream or downstream side and, if appropriate, also without supporting fabric.
- the filter element according to the invention of the embodiments described above can preferably be used in the hydraulic area, in the manual transmission area, in the lubricating oil or fuel filter area of a motor vehicle or also in water filtration or in the filtration of aggressive media. With a suitable fiber thickness, no additional fine filters are generally necessary.
- Figure 1 is a plan view of a star-shaped filter element
- Figure 2 Examples of the knockouts on the filter path of the filter element.
- FIG. 1 shows a filter element 2 which is provided with a star-shaped zigzag-folded filter web 1 and which is used, for example, for filtering lubricating oil in a motor vehicle.
- the lubricating oil to be filtered is directed from the outside onto the filter web 1 and filtered out through an outlet in the center of the filter element 2.
- FIG. 1 Individual areas of a filter web 1 made of metal or glass fibers designed according to the invention are shown in FIG.
- different pre-embossments of the filter web 1 are possible, which are shown by way of example in FIG.
- knockouts 3, 4 and 5 are provided transversely to the folded edge 6 on each individual surface of the filter web 1.
- knock-outs are carried out on the folded edge 6 and in the extreme right-hand example, the previously described knock-out types are combined with one another.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Filtering Materials (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP98943849A EP1007186A2 (de) | 1997-08-19 | 1998-08-05 | Filterelement, insbesondere zur flüssigkeitsfilterung |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19735993A DE19735993A1 (de) | 1997-08-19 | 1997-08-19 | Filterelement, insbesondere zur Flüssigkeitsfilterung |
DE19735993.0 | 1997-08-19 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO1999008771A2 true WO1999008771A2 (de) | 1999-02-25 |
WO1999008771A3 WO1999008771A3 (de) | 1999-05-14 |
Family
ID=7839463
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/EP1998/004884 WO1999008771A2 (de) | 1997-08-19 | 1998-08-05 | Filterelement, insbesondere zur flüssigkeitsfilterung |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1007186A2 (de) |
DE (1) | DE19735993A1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO1999008771A2 (de) |
ZA (1) | ZA987505B (de) |
Cited By (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US9808752B2 (en) | 2008-02-04 | 2017-11-07 | Donaldson Company, Inc. | Method and apparatus for forming fluted filtration media |
US9855519B2 (en) | 2008-07-25 | 2018-01-02 | Donaldson Company, Inc. | Pleated filtration media, media packs, filter elements, and methods for filtering fluids |
US10058812B2 (en) | 2010-01-25 | 2018-08-28 | Donaldson Company, Inc. | Pleated filtration media having tapered flutes |
DE102017207137A1 (de) | 2017-04-27 | 2018-10-31 | Mahle International Gmbh | Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Filterelementes |
US10363513B2 (en) | 2009-08-03 | 2019-07-30 | Donaldson Company, Inc. | Method and apparatus for forming fluted filtration media having tapered flutes |
US10525397B2 (en) | 2007-06-26 | 2020-01-07 | Donaldson Company, Inc. | Filtration media pack, filter element, and methods |
US10786774B2 (en) | 2007-02-02 | 2020-09-29 | Donaldson Company, Inc. | Air filtration media pack, filter element, air filtration media, and methods |
Families Citing this family (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1317949B1 (de) | 2001-12-08 | 2011-03-30 | IBS Filtran Kunststoff-/Metallerzeugnisse GmbH | Mehrlagiges Verbundfiltermedium zur Serienfiltration |
DE102005055607B3 (de) * | 2005-11-22 | 2007-03-22 | Helsa-Automotive Gmbh & Co. Kg | Filterelement und Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung |
DE102011113649A1 (de) | 2011-09-19 | 2013-03-21 | Mann + Hummel Gmbh | Filterelement, Vorrichtung zum Falten eines bahnförmigen Filtermediums und Verfahren zur Herstellung eines zickzackförmig gefalteten Filterelements |
DE102012010374A1 (de) * | 2012-05-29 | 2013-12-05 | Burckhard Sczepanek | Vorrichtung zur beseitigung von chemikalien und ölen |
DE102014003314A1 (de) | 2014-03-08 | 2015-09-10 | Hydac Fluidcarecenter Gmbh | Verfahren zur Anpassung eines Filtermediums an vorgebbare Parameter sowie vorzugsweise ein nach diesem Verfahren hergestelltes Filtermedium |
Family Cites Families (26)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DD81261A (de) * | ||||
US3705021A (en) * | 1964-08-24 | 1972-12-05 | David R Johnson | Reinforced metal fibril mats and methods of making same |
US3399776A (en) * | 1965-09-02 | 1968-09-03 | Robert R. Knuth | Detachable snap-on filter for a hydraulic system |
CH462783A (de) * | 1968-05-16 | 1968-09-30 | Bopp & Co G | Filterkörper aus Metallfasern |
US3531920A (en) * | 1968-09-16 | 1970-10-06 | Cambridge Filter Corp | Filter |
DE2112360B2 (de) * | 1971-03-15 | 1973-04-05 | Purolator Filter GmbH, 7110 Öhringen | Papierfilter, insbesondere fuer die verwendung bei brennkraftmaschinen |
GB1426173A (en) * | 1972-03-11 | 1976-02-25 | Gen Motors Ltd | Fluid filter elements |
US3849314A (en) * | 1973-06-21 | 1974-11-19 | Marvel Eng Co | Filter media inserts |
GB1604979A (en) * | 1978-05-31 | 1981-12-16 | Engineering Components Ltd | Air filters |
US4290889A (en) * | 1980-01-24 | 1981-09-22 | Brunswick Corporation | Support for backflushable filter media |
US4402830A (en) * | 1982-01-13 | 1983-09-06 | Pall Corporation | Corrugated filter element with external spiral tape support |
DE3300293A1 (de) * | 1983-01-07 | 1984-07-12 | Ing. Walter Hengst GmbH & Co KG, 4400 Münster | Filterkoerper |
US4641645A (en) * | 1985-07-15 | 1987-02-10 | New England Thermoplastics, Inc. | Face mask |
EP0329863B1 (de) * | 1987-12-29 | 1992-07-15 | N.V. Bekaert S.A. | Verdichtung eines Metallgewebes |
JPH03505058A (ja) * | 1988-05-04 | 1991-11-07 | クネヒト フイルターヴエルケ ゲゼルシヤフト ミツト ベシユレンクテル ハフツング | 波形成形部を一体成形された帯状のろ材並びにこの材から成るろ過体 |
US5130023A (en) * | 1989-04-03 | 1992-07-14 | Pall Corporation | Filter cartridge with end densification ring |
CH680910A5 (en) * | 1990-08-16 | 1992-12-15 | Asf Air System Filter Ag | Mfg. folded thermoplastic filter element |
DE4004079A1 (de) * | 1990-02-08 | 1991-08-14 | Lippold Hans Joachim | Filtereinsatz |
US5066400A (en) * | 1990-10-09 | 1991-11-19 | Donaldson Company, Inc. | Self-spaced pleated filter |
DE4126126C2 (de) * | 1991-08-07 | 1998-02-12 | Mann & Hummel Filter | Filterherstellverfahren |
DE4206738A1 (de) * | 1992-03-04 | 1993-09-09 | Minnesota Mining & Mfg | Filterelement zum filtern von fluiden, insbesondere zum filtern von luft |
DE4217195C2 (de) * | 1992-05-23 | 1996-02-08 | Hengst Walter Gmbh & Co Kg | Filterkörper |
CN1067291C (zh) * | 1992-11-06 | 2001-06-20 | 帕尔公司 | 过滤器 |
DE4312705A1 (de) * | 1993-04-20 | 1994-10-27 | Hydac Filtertechnik Gmbh | Filterelement mit Streckmetallmantel |
DE4433129A1 (de) * | 1994-09-16 | 1996-03-28 | Gore W L & Ass Gmbh | Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Filtermediums |
DE4440432A1 (de) * | 1994-11-02 | 1996-05-09 | Wolfgang Diete | Flächiges Filtermaterial und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung |
-
1997
- 1997-08-19 DE DE19735993A patent/DE19735993A1/de not_active Ceased
-
1998
- 1998-08-05 EP EP98943849A patent/EP1007186A2/de not_active Withdrawn
- 1998-08-05 WO PCT/EP1998/004884 patent/WO1999008771A2/de not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1998-08-19 ZA ZA987505A patent/ZA987505B/xx unknown
Cited By (13)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US11612845B2 (en) | 2007-02-02 | 2023-03-28 | Donaldson Company, Inc. | Air filtration media pack, filter element, air filtration media, and methods |
US10786774B2 (en) | 2007-02-02 | 2020-09-29 | Donaldson Company, Inc. | Air filtration media pack, filter element, air filtration media, and methods |
US12017177B2 (en) | 2007-06-26 | 2024-06-25 | Donaldson Company, Inc. | Filtration media pack, filter element, and methods |
US10525397B2 (en) | 2007-06-26 | 2020-01-07 | Donaldson Company, Inc. | Filtration media pack, filter element, and methods |
US11298645B2 (en) | 2007-06-26 | 2022-04-12 | Donaldson Company, Inc. | Filtration media pack, filter element, and methods |
US9808752B2 (en) | 2008-02-04 | 2017-11-07 | Donaldson Company, Inc. | Method and apparatus for forming fluted filtration media |
US9855519B2 (en) | 2008-07-25 | 2018-01-02 | Donaldson Company, Inc. | Pleated filtration media, media packs, filter elements, and methods for filtering fluids |
US12048888B2 (en) | 2008-07-25 | 2024-07-30 | Donaldson Company, Inc. | Pleated filtration media, media packs, filter elements, and methods for filtering fluids |
US10946313B2 (en) | 2008-07-25 | 2021-03-16 | Donaldson Company, Inc. | Pleated filtration media, media packs, filter elements, and methods for filtering fluids |
US10363513B2 (en) | 2009-08-03 | 2019-07-30 | Donaldson Company, Inc. | Method and apparatus for forming fluted filtration media having tapered flutes |
US11413563B2 (en) | 2010-01-25 | 2022-08-16 | Donaldson Company, Inc. | Pleated filtration media having tapered flutes |
US10058812B2 (en) | 2010-01-25 | 2018-08-28 | Donaldson Company, Inc. | Pleated filtration media having tapered flutes |
DE102017207137A1 (de) | 2017-04-27 | 2018-10-31 | Mahle International Gmbh | Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Filterelementes |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO1999008771A3 (de) | 1999-05-14 |
ZA987505B (en) | 1999-05-17 |
DE19735993A1 (de) | 1999-02-25 |
EP1007186A2 (de) | 2000-06-14 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
WO1999026710A1 (de) | Filterelement | |
EP1133342B1 (de) | Mehrlagiges filterelement | |
EP0382331B2 (de) | Filtereinsatz | |
EP3064262B1 (de) | Filtermedium, verfahren zur herstellung eines filtermediums und filterelement mit einem filtermedium | |
DE69809581T2 (de) | Gasfilter | |
EP0514412B1 (de) | Filtereinsatz | |
EP1171220B1 (de) | Mehrlagiges filterelement | |
EP0975413A1 (de) | Filterelement für einen luftfilter und ein verfahren zu dessen herstellung | |
EP1932576A1 (de) | Filterelement mit Aktivkohlebeschichtung | |
WO1999008771A2 (de) | Filterelement, insbesondere zur flüssigkeitsfilterung | |
EP0382329B1 (de) | Filtereinsatz | |
DE2651910B2 (de) | Rohrförmiges Einwegfilterelement und Streifen aus Filterpapier für ein Einwegfilterelement | |
EP3423169B1 (de) | Filtereinsatz und kraftstofffilter | |
DE4345130C1 (de) | Hohlzylindrisches Filterelement | |
EP3601656B1 (de) | Spinnvliesmaterial, gegenstand umfassend ein spinnvliesmaterial, filtermedium, filterelement und deren verwendung | |
WO2018059830A1 (de) | Filterelement | |
EP0695573B1 (de) | Patronenfilter | |
WO1998002228A1 (de) | Partikelfilter in form eines plissierten schichtförmigen vliesmaterials | |
DE4432339C2 (de) | Filtereinrichtung | |
EP2229995B1 (de) | Herstellungsverfahren für ein Filterelement | |
DE102014008699B4 (de) | Filterelement mit prismatischer Grundform und Filter | |
WO2007014602A2 (de) | Filterelement und anordnung | |
EP0599336B1 (de) | Filteranordnung | |
DE10124613B4 (de) | Mehrlagiges Filtermedium | |
WO2019016228A1 (de) | Filtermedium, faltenpack, filterelement, verfahren zum herstellen eines filtermediums und eines faltenpacks sowie verfahren zum filtern eines fluids |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
AK | Designated states |
Kind code of ref document: A2 Designated state(s): BR CA JP US |
|
AL | Designated countries for regional patents |
Kind code of ref document: A2 Designated state(s): AT BE CH CY DE DK ES FI FR GB GR IE IT LU MC NL PT SE |
|
DFPE | Request for preliminary examination filed prior to expiration of 19th month from priority date (pct application filed before 20040101) | ||
AK | Designated states |
Kind code of ref document: A3 Designated state(s): BR CA JP US |
|
AL | Designated countries for regional patents |
Kind code of ref document: A3 Designated state(s): AT BE CH CY DE DK ES FI FR GB GR IE IT LU MC NL PT SE |
|
121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application | ||
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 1998943849 Country of ref document: EP |
|
WWP | Wipo information: published in national office |
Ref document number: 1998943849 Country of ref document: EP |
|
NENP | Non-entry into the national phase |
Ref country code: CA |
|
WWW | Wipo information: withdrawn in national office |
Ref document number: 1998943849 Country of ref document: EP |