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WO1999006673A1 - Joint a brosse toroidale amelioree et son procede de fabrication - Google Patents

Joint a brosse toroidale amelioree et son procede de fabrication Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO1999006673A1
WO1999006673A1 PCT/US1998/015823 US9815823W WO9906673A1 WO 1999006673 A1 WO1999006673 A1 WO 1999006673A1 US 9815823 W US9815823 W US 9815823W WO 9906673 A1 WO9906673 A1 WO 9906673A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
retainer
carrier
groove
brush seal
plates
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US1998/015823
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
John F. Short
Matthew D. Cunningham
Amit Datta
Original Assignee
Eg & G Sealol, Inc.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Eg & G Sealol, Inc. filed Critical Eg & G Sealol, Inc.
Publication of WO1999006673A1 publication Critical patent/WO1999006673A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
    • F16J15/00—Sealings
    • F16J15/16—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces
    • F16J15/32—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces with elastic sealings, e.g. O-rings
    • F16J15/3284—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces with elastic sealings, e.g. O-rings characterised by their structure; Selection of materials
    • F16J15/3288—Filamentary structures, e.g. brush seals
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D11/00—Preventing or minimising internal leakage of working-fluid, e.g. between stages
    • F01D11/02—Preventing or minimising internal leakage of working-fluid, e.g. between stages by non-contact sealings, e.g. of labyrinth type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2240/00—Components
    • F05D2240/55—Seals
    • F05D2240/56—Brush seals

Definitions

  • This invention relates to an improved brush seal and method of making it, and more particularly to a brush seal in which the bristles are independently attached to a retainer and then mounted in the carrier washers or plates.
  • the brush seal is a device used for sealing of gas between a high and a low pressure region.
  • Brush seals can be manufactured in both linear or curved configuration such as arcuate segments or annular rings or any other shape desired.
  • Annular brush seals generally used to seal rotating shafts, consist of finely packed inward pointing wire bristles mounted between two washers. These wires could also point outward in some instances.
  • Brush seals have emerged to be a promising technology for gas-path sealing in gas turbine engines. Tests conducted by various investigators indicate that a substantial reduction in leakage can be achieved using brush seals because brush seals accommodate radial motions or wobbling of engine rotors without permanently enlarging the seal leakage area and are therefore more immune to performance degradation.
  • Brush seals are typically manufactured by first manufacturing a number of bristle tufts (a bunch of bristles), placing the tufts between two plates or washers and welding the tufts to the washers.
  • a tuft is one or more layers of contiguous lengths of metallic wire filaments bounded together by some means, to form a self supporting body.
  • the method of bonding could be welding, fasteners, adhesive, or some other mechanical means.
  • the tufts are then placed on a washer or plate by some means, closely adjacent to each other for the full length of the plate with part of the tuft projecting into the sealing side of the plate at some desired bristle or tuft angle.
  • the plate could be a full 360° ring or a sector or portion of a circle or it could be straight.
  • the tufts could be held to the plate by welding or by a type of holding fixture. Another circular washer or plate is then placed over the tufts with the tufts now clamped or sandwiched between the two washers or plates. Then the wire tufts are permanently welded to the washers at the O.D. or I.D. of the washers. The tufts, and two washers or plates now form an integral unit. Final trimming of the bristles is performed at the O.D. or I.D. of the assembly.
  • Some of the problems associated with the above described method are the number of tufts required to make a completed brush seal, especially for the large diameter seals.
  • the number of tufts required to manufacture a brush seal could number into the thousands. Depending upon the method used, handling a large number of tufts could be a problem.
  • welding the bristle tufts to the washers could result in severe distortion of the retaining washers due to the amount of heat required for welding. In order to correct this, heat treatment in a holding fixture could be required to alleviate the heat distortion effect. In a typical manufacture, distortion is created from the welding of the washers to the bristle tufts. This distortion alters the location at which the bristle is captured or pinched by the washers.
  • the radial and axial stiffness of the bristles can vary significantly from the intended design, since there is a cubic dependence on length.
  • the bristle pack is pinched at the front plate I.D. Movement of the bristles in the region between the washers is not allowed to take place because of the pinching action of the washers. In reality, distortion of the washers due to welding pulls away the washers which relaxes the pinching action resulting in a change of bristle stiffness.
  • the invention results from the realization that an improved distortion free brush seal and method for making it can be effected by independently manufacturing a bristle strip and a carrier so that the distortions undergone by the retainer as the bristles are fastened to it during fabrication are overcome by mounting it in a groove in the carrier which has been precisely made and not subject to such distortions.
  • This invention features a brush seal including a bristle strip having a plurality of bristles and a retainer for securing the bristles.
  • a carrier including front and back plates and a groove in at least one of the plates for securing and constraining the retainer to conform to the shape of the carrier.
  • the front and back plates may be integral, or they may be separate and the carrier may further include means for fastening together the plates.
  • the groove may be formed partially in each of the plates.
  • the means for fastening may include mechanical fastener means or weld means.
  • the bristle strip and the carrier may be straight, curved or annular.
  • the retainer may include a pair of retainer elements for gripping the bristles between them or it may include a single retainer element for securing the bristles.
  • the carrier may include a plug in at least one end of each groove in the straight and curved constructions.
  • This invention also features a method of making a brush seal including securing a plurality of bristles to a retainer to form a bristle strip; constructing a carrier with a front and a back plate and a groove in at least one of the plates for receiving the retainer; and mounting the retainer in the groove for securing and constraining the retainer to conform to the shape of the carrier.
  • the front and back plates may be separate and the mounting of the retainer may include inserting the retainer in the groove and then fastening together the plates.
  • the groove may be formed partially in each plate.
  • the fastening of the plates may include welding.
  • the bristle strip and carrier may be straight, curved or annular. Securing the bristles to the retainer may include attaching them to a single retainer element or between a pair of retainer elements. Mounting the retainer in the groove may include inserting a plug in at least one end of the groove.
  • Fig. 1 is a side elevational sectional view of a prior art brush seal
  • Fig. 2 is a three-dimensional view of a finished prior art brush seal
  • Fig. 3 is a view of the prior art brush seal of Figs. 1 and 2 mounted in a seal holder for a typical rotary machine such as a gas turbine used for electric power generation;
  • Fig. 4 is a view similar to Fig. 1 showing the distortion that occurs during the welding of the brush seal
  • Fig. 5 is a straight bristle strip according to this invention.
  • Fig. 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along line 6-6 of Fig. 5 according to this invention.
  • Fig. 7 is a view similar to Fig. 5 of a curved bristle strip according to this invention.
  • Fig. 8 is a view similar to Figs. 6 and 7 of an annular bristle strip according to this invention.
  • Fig. 9 is an exploded three-dimensional view of a curved segmented brush seal according to this invention.
  • Figs. 10, 11 and 12 are cross-sectional diagrammatic side elevational views showing three different forms of the front and back plates and the location of the welding joint that can be used according to this invention in which a portion of the groove is located in each of the plates;
  • Fig. 13 is a view similar to Figs. 10-12 wherein the bristle strip includes but a single retainer element and the groove is entirely in one plate;
  • Fig. 14 is a view similar to Figs. 10-13 in which the carrier is formed of integral front and back plates;
  • Fig. 15 is a view similar to Figs. 10-14 in which the front and back plates of the carrier are fastened by crimping instead of welding;
  • Fig. 16 is a three-dimensional view of one of the back plate showing the groove with closed ends;
  • Fig. 17 is a three-dimensional end view of the carrier according to this invention showing a groove closed with an end plug.
  • FIG. 1 a prior art brush seal 10 including a carrier 12 having a front washer or plate 14 and a back washer or plate 16.
  • the front washer or plate is typically on the high pressure side of the seal and the back washer or plate on the low pressure side.
  • the back plate 16 is a smaller diameter or closer to the bristle tips than front plate 14 to provide support for bristles 18 which extend slightly below the end 20 of back plate 16 and provide the actual sealing on a rotary shaft for example.
  • the bristles are welded to each other at the end opposite the sealing end and to the front and back plates 14 and 16 at weld 22. Plates 14 and 16 are welded together so as to create a pinch point 24 at the lower end of front plate 14.
  • a notch 26, shown in phantom, can be provided for gripping in a holder provided in the machine which is to receive brush seal 10.
  • Prior art brush seal 10, Fig. 1 is typically formed as an annular seal as shown in Fig. 2.
  • Brush seal 10 is typically mounted in a holder 30, Fig. 3, which includes two clamp rings 32 and 34 held together by a series of bolts and nuts 36 circumferentially spaced about the annular clamp rings 32 and 34.
  • Clamp ring 34 includes a salient portion 38, for example, which extends into notch 26 of seal 10 to securely grip it and hold it in place.
  • a bristle strip 40 is formed in which a plurality of bristles 42 are attached to a retainer 44.
  • retainer 44 includes two retainer elements 46 and 48, Fig. 6.
  • Retainer 44 is typically a compliant rail made of either one or two retainer elements.
  • bristle strip 40 is shown as having a straight configuration, it may take an arcuate or curved shape such as a segment of a circle 40a, Fig. 7, or may in fact take the form of an annulus 40b, Fig. 8.
  • the bristle strip 40 whatever may be its shape, is installed in a carrier 50, Fig.
  • Bristle strip 40a is mounted with plates 52 and 54 by locating retainer elements 46a and 48a of retainer 44a in grooved portions 56 and 58. Plates 52 and 54 are then fastened together by means of rivets, screws or the like 60 through holes 62 in front plate 52 and corresponding holes 64 in back plate 54.
  • the bristle strip 40a which may be warped or distorted because of the manufacturing processes used to mount the bristles to one or more retainer elements 44a and 46a, such as the heat of welding, is constrained by the more substantial and stiff er plates 52 and 54 which have been precisely made and machined and have not been subject to warping or distorting forces, so that the bristle strip 40a is made to conform with whatever the dimensions and the path imposed by groove portions 56, 58 of plates 52 and 54.
  • the pinch point of the seal is established at the location where the bristle strip 40a is captured between the inboard pinch lands 66 and 68, Fig. 9, of the front and back plates.
  • the ID of these pinch lands 66 and 68 establishes the effective length of the bristles 42a.
  • the front and back plates 52 and 54 are shown as fastened by mechanical means such as screws or rivets, this is not a necessary limitation of the invention, for at this point they may be welded and the welds, small compared to the volume of the plates now, will not warp or distort them.
  • the front and back plates 52a, 54a, 52b, 54b, 52c, 54c may take various configurations, enabling a variety of different weld positions 70, 72, 74.
  • the back plate 54d may include the entire groove 80 and front plate 52d acts merely as a cover or holder and bristle strip 40b may include a single retainer element 48b to which the bristles 42b are attached at weld point 82.
  • Front plate 52d may be attached to back plate 54d by any suitable means, not shown.
  • front plate 52e and back plate 54e may be integrally formed having a single groove 84 in which retainer elements 46e, 48e of retainer 44e are located.
  • Carrier 50e may include one or more notches 26", 26'", Fig. 14, for gripping in holder or mounting ring 30a. Because the carrier according to this invention and its front and back plates including the groove can be made with great precision and are not subject to distortion, the pinch point is known and unvarying. And since it is the pinch point that determines the important characteristics of the seal, the groove itself may be made to a somewhat greater tolerance to more easily, even somewhat loosely, accommodate the retainer.
  • the front and back plates 52f, 54f, Fig. 15, may also be held together by providing an extension 90, Fig. 15, of back plate 54f that extends over and can be crimped down 90' to grip and hold front plate 52f.
  • the ends of the groove may be finished or closed either by making the groove, for example, groove 58g, Fig. 16, close to but not through the end face 104, 106 of the plates 52 and 54, shown exemplified by back plate 54g in Fig. 16.
  • a portion 100, 102 may be left at each end face 104, 106.
  • end plates 52h and 54h may have the groove formed by their partial grooves 56h and 58h sealed or covered by a cover 110.
  • the bristles may be made of Haynes 25 or Haynes 214 and typically are made of Haynes 25.
  • the retainer and retainer elements may be any kind of metal or suitable material preferably having some compliance, such as Inconel or stainless steel.
  • the plates or washers of the carrier typically may be made of Inconel or stainless steel more rigid than the retainer.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Brushes (AREA)

Abstract

On décrit un joint à brosse toroïdale et un procédé de fabrication de ce dernier qui consiste à fabriquer une bande (40) de crin comprenant une pluralité de crins (42) et un dispositif de retenue (44) servant à fixer les crins, et qui consiste à monter la bande de crins dans un support (12) comportant des plaques (14, 16) avant et arrière ou des rondelles; au moins une de ces plaques comportant une rainure (58) permettant de fixer et de contraindre le dispositif de retenue pour qu'il se conforme à la forme du support.
PCT/US1998/015823 1997-07-30 1998-07-30 Joint a brosse toroidale amelioree et son procede de fabrication WO1999006673A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US90345797A 1997-07-30 1997-07-30
US08/903,457 1997-07-30

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1999006673A1 true WO1999006673A1 (fr) 1999-02-11

Family

ID=25417537

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/US1998/015823 WO1999006673A1 (fr) 1997-07-30 1998-07-30 Joint a brosse toroidale amelioree et son procede de fabrication

Country Status (1)

Country Link
WO (1) WO1999006673A1 (fr)

Cited By (21)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2002213617A (ja) * 2000-09-11 2002-07-31 General Electric Co <Ge> ブラシシールセグメントの端部ブリストルの保護と可撓性保持のための装置、及びそのセグメントを形成する方法
EP1241384A1 (fr) * 2001-03-13 2002-09-18 Eagle Engineering Aerospace Co., Ltd. Joint à balai
US6536773B2 (en) 2000-11-06 2003-03-25 Advanced Components & Materials, Inc. Compliant brush shroud assembly for gas turbine engine compressors
EP1347218A3 (fr) * 2002-03-20 2004-04-28 United Technologies Corporation Joint d'étanchéité à brosse
EP1335157A3 (fr) * 2002-02-12 2004-04-28 United Technologies Corporation Disposition des brosses pour joint à brosses, méthode et dispositif pour la fabrication de cela, et méthode de fabrication de joints à brosses
WO2004053363A1 (fr) * 2002-12-11 2004-06-24 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Joint brosse destine a rendre etanche une fente entre un rotor et un stator
WO2004085889A3 (fr) * 2003-03-21 2004-12-09 Advanced Components & Material Ensemble joint a brosse et procede de fabrication et d'utilisation correspondant
US6880829B1 (en) 2000-11-06 2005-04-19 Advanced Components & Materials, Inc. Compliant brush shroud assembly for gas turbine engine compressors
US7226054B2 (en) 2004-12-14 2007-06-05 United Technologies Corporation Clamp lock brush seal assembly
US7270333B2 (en) 2002-11-27 2007-09-18 United Technologies Corporation Brush seal with adjustable clearance
US7334311B2 (en) 2004-11-03 2008-02-26 United Technologies Corporation Method of forming a nested can brush seal
WO2008040944A1 (fr) * 2006-10-03 2008-04-10 Cross Manufacturing Company (1938) Limited Ensemble balai d'étanchéité
US7842668B1 (en) 2001-11-13 2010-11-30 Genentech, Inc. Apo-2 ligand/trail formulations
EP2006490A3 (fr) * 2007-06-19 2011-03-09 United Technologies Corporation Joint à brosse et procédé associé de fabrication
US7982015B2 (en) 2000-01-25 2011-07-19 Genentech, Inc. Compositions and methods for treatment of cancer
US8028996B2 (en) 2008-04-04 2011-10-04 General Electric Company System and method for adjusting stiffness of a brush sealing system
WO2012170514A3 (fr) * 2011-06-07 2013-04-18 Sealeze, A Unit Of Jason Incorporated Agencement de retenue de joint à brosse à changement rapide
US8470969B2 (en) 2001-11-13 2013-06-25 Genentech, Inc. Apo-2 ligand/trail formulations
EP2669554A1 (fr) * 2012-05-28 2013-12-04 Rolls-Royce plc Joint d'étanchéité et procédé de formation d'un tel joint
JP2015110947A (ja) * 2013-12-05 2015-06-18 ゼネラル・エレクトリック・カンパニイ ターボ機械用途のｌ型ブラシシール
US9347333B2 (en) 2010-05-03 2016-05-24 Elliott Company Brush ring seal

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US885032A (en) * 1907-06-24 1908-04-21 Sebastian Ziani De Ferranti Fluid packing.
GB2214998A (en) * 1988-01-29 1989-09-13 Mtu Muenchen Gmbh Brush seal assembly
US5090710A (en) * 1987-05-29 1992-02-25 Cross Manufacturing Company (1938) Limited Brush seals
US5704760A (en) * 1996-03-26 1998-01-06 United Technologies Corporation Method and apparatus for improving the airsealing effectiveness in a turbine engine

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US885032A (en) * 1907-06-24 1908-04-21 Sebastian Ziani De Ferranti Fluid packing.
US5090710A (en) * 1987-05-29 1992-02-25 Cross Manufacturing Company (1938) Limited Brush seals
GB2214998A (en) * 1988-01-29 1989-09-13 Mtu Muenchen Gmbh Brush seal assembly
US5704760A (en) * 1996-03-26 1998-01-06 United Technologies Corporation Method and apparatus for improving the airsealing effectiveness in a turbine engine

Cited By (30)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7982015B2 (en) 2000-01-25 2011-07-19 Genentech, Inc. Compositions and methods for treatment of cancer
US6913265B2 (en) 2000-08-09 2005-07-05 Advanced Components & Materials, Inc. Brush seal assembly, method of manufacture and use
EP1186812A3 (fr) * 2000-09-11 2003-10-29 General Electric Company Dispositif de protection avec maintien de la flexibilité des fibres aux extrémités d'un segment de joint à brosses et procédé de formation
JP2002213617A (ja) * 2000-09-11 2002-07-31 General Electric Co <Ge> ブラシシールセグメントの端部ブリストルの保護と可撓性保持のための装置、及びそのセグメントを形成する方法
US6536773B2 (en) 2000-11-06 2003-03-25 Advanced Components & Materials, Inc. Compliant brush shroud assembly for gas turbine engine compressors
US6880829B1 (en) 2000-11-06 2005-04-19 Advanced Components & Materials, Inc. Compliant brush shroud assembly for gas turbine engine compressors
EP1241384A1 (fr) * 2001-03-13 2002-09-18 Eagle Engineering Aerospace Co., Ltd. Joint à balai
US8470969B2 (en) 2001-11-13 2013-06-25 Genentech, Inc. Apo-2 ligand/trail formulations
US7842668B1 (en) 2001-11-13 2010-11-30 Genentech, Inc. Apo-2 ligand/trail formulations
EP1335157A3 (fr) * 2002-02-12 2004-04-28 United Technologies Corporation Disposition des brosses pour joint à brosses, méthode et dispositif pour la fabrication de cela, et méthode de fabrication de joints à brosses
EP1347218A3 (fr) * 2002-03-20 2004-04-28 United Technologies Corporation Joint d'étanchéité à brosse
US7931276B2 (en) 2002-03-20 2011-04-26 United Technologies Corporation Brush seal
US7270333B2 (en) 2002-11-27 2007-09-18 United Technologies Corporation Brush seal with adjustable clearance
US7387301B2 (en) 2002-12-11 2008-06-17 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Brush seal for sealing a gap between a rotor and a stator
WO2004053363A1 (fr) * 2002-12-11 2004-06-24 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Joint brosse destine a rendre etanche une fente entre un rotor et un stator
WO2004085889A3 (fr) * 2003-03-21 2004-12-09 Advanced Components & Material Ensemble joint a brosse et procede de fabrication et d'utilisation correspondant
US7334311B2 (en) 2004-11-03 2008-02-26 United Technologies Corporation Method of forming a nested can brush seal
US7226054B2 (en) 2004-12-14 2007-06-05 United Technologies Corporation Clamp lock brush seal assembly
JP2010506116A (ja) * 2006-10-03 2010-02-25 クロス・マニュファクチャリング・カンパニー・（１９３８）・リミテッド ブラシシール組立体
EP2233801A1 (fr) * 2006-10-03 2010-09-29 Cross Manufacturing Company (1938) Limited Méthode de rénovation d'un dispositif de joint à brosses
US7950671B2 (en) 2006-10-03 2011-05-31 Cross Manufacturing Company (1938) Limited Brush seal assembly
WO2008040944A1 (fr) * 2006-10-03 2008-04-10 Cross Manufacturing Company (1938) Limited Ensemble balai d'étanchéité
US8191898B2 (en) * 2006-10-03 2012-06-05 Cross Manufacturing Company (1938) Limited Brush seal assembly
EP2006490A3 (fr) * 2007-06-19 2011-03-09 United Technologies Corporation Joint à brosse et procédé associé de fabrication
US8028996B2 (en) 2008-04-04 2011-10-04 General Electric Company System and method for adjusting stiffness of a brush sealing system
US9347333B2 (en) 2010-05-03 2016-05-24 Elliott Company Brush ring seal
WO2012170514A3 (fr) * 2011-06-07 2013-04-18 Sealeze, A Unit Of Jason Incorporated Agencement de retenue de joint à brosse à changement rapide
US9068655B2 (en) 2011-06-07 2015-06-30 Sealeze, A Unit Of Jason Inc. Quick change brush seal retaining arrangement
EP2669554A1 (fr) * 2012-05-28 2013-12-04 Rolls-Royce plc Joint d'étanchéité et procédé de formation d'un tel joint
JP2015110947A (ja) * 2013-12-05 2015-06-18 ゼネラル・エレクトリック・カンパニイ ターボ機械用途のｌ型ブラシシール

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