WO1999003853A1 - Verfahren zur herstellung von ascorbat - Google Patents
Verfahren zur herstellung von ascorbat Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1999003853A1 WO1999003853A1 PCT/CH1998/000271 CH9800271W WO9903853A1 WO 1999003853 A1 WO1999003853 A1 WO 1999003853A1 CH 9800271 W CH9800271 W CH 9800271W WO 9903853 A1 WO9903853 A1 WO 9903853A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- esterification
- keto
- gulonic acid
- ester
- acid
- Prior art date
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07H—SUGARS; DERIVATIVES THEREOF; NUCLEOSIDES; NUCLEOTIDES; NUCLEIC ACIDS
- C07H7/00—Compounds containing non-saccharide radicals linked to saccharide radicals by a carbon-to-carbon bond
- C07H7/02—Acyclic radicals
- C07H7/027—Keto-aldonic acids
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D307/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atom
- C07D307/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atom not condensed with other rings
- C07D307/34—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atom not condensed with other rings having two or three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D307/56—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atom not condensed with other rings having two or three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
- C07D307/62—Three oxygen atoms, e.g. ascorbic acid
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07H—SUGARS; DERIVATIVES THEREOF; NUCLEOSIDES; NUCLEOTIDES; NUCLEIC ACIDS
- C07H7/00—Compounds containing non-saccharide radicals linked to saccharide radicals by a carbon-to-carbon bond
- C07H7/02—Acyclic radicals
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a process for preparing ascorbate, which is a precursor for ascorbic acid, starting from 2-keto-L-gulonic acid, in which 2-keto-L-gulonic acid ester is formed with an alanol and in the presence of an at least catalytic amount of acid .
- vitamin C ascorbic acid
- synthetic methods are used for industrial production. The most widely used methods are based on the more or less modified so-called Reichstein synthesis (Reichstein and Grüssner, Helv. Chim. Acta 17, 311 (1934)), which starts from glucose. Diacetone-2-keto-L-gulonic acid occurs as an intermediate.
- 2-keto-L-gulonic acid is usually esterified with a lower alkanol, preferably methanol or ethanol, in the presence of an acid catalyst, e.g. Sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, sulfonic acids or strongly acidic ion exchange resins.
- an acid catalyst e.g. Sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, sulfonic acids or strongly acidic ion exchange resins.
- the ester formed is lactonized to sodium ascorbate in the presence of bases such as sodium bicarbonate or sodium hydroxide. This ascorbate can then be converted to ascorbic acid using an ion exchange process.
- a major problem with the esterification / lactonization reaction described above is the presence of water in the reaction mixture.
- One equivalent of water is brought into the reaction mixture as water of crystallization with the starting product 2-keto-L-gulonic acid monohydrate, another is formed during the esterification and a third during the lactonization.
- water affects the location of the
- the yields in esterification / lactonization of the above type are typically 90 percent, the purity of the ascorbate is 89 percent.
- Various methods have been proposed to reduce the water content during esterification. Water can be removed during the reaction by continuously distilling off the water / alcohol mixture, treating the distillate with molecular sieves and recycling the alcohol thus dried (Pol. Pat. 57,042; Pol. Pat. 57,573). Another possibility mentioned was the continuous distillation of the water / alcohol mixture and replacement with fresh dry alcohol during the reaction [EP 0 535 927]. In both cases, a large amount of alcohol must be distilled off with a correspondingly large amount of energy. In addition, reaction times of up to 10 hours are necessary, with the risk of decomposition and side reactions.
- 2-keto-L-gulonic acid is accordingly converted to 2-keto-L-gulonic acid ester in a two-stage esterification process, the solution formed after the first esterification step being at least partially evaporated and the residue formed being subjected to a second esterification process.
- the two stages of Esterification allows the water introduced by the starting materials and the water formed during the reaction to be effectively removed from the reaction solution. This removal of water from the reaction equilibrium has the following advantages:
- the method according to the invention has the following advantages:
- 2-keto-L-gulonic acid is preferably in methanol or ethanol and in the presence of an acid such as sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid or sulfonic acids, at reaction temperatures preferably between room temperature and 85 ° C., with preferred reaction times between 30 and 180 minutes, converted to the corresponding methyl or ethyl ester.
- a yield of 95% is typically achieved, with about 5% remaining unreacted 2-keto-L-gulonic acid.
- the reaction mixture is then preferably evaporated to dryness, ie all water is removed. Since the corresponding esters are very stable, there are no losses due to decomposition.
- a second esterification step the addition of preferably fresh, dry methanol or ethanol and in the presence of an acid under the same conditions as in the first step, the remaining 2-keto-L-gulonic acid is esterified.
- the subsequent lactonization is carried out by adding a base, preferably sodium bicarbonate, at reaction temperatures of preferably room temperature to 80 ° C. and preferred reaction times between 30 and 240 minutes. That so Sodium ascorbate obtained can then be dissolved in water and converted to ascorbic acid using ion exchangers. Pure ascorbic acid can finally be obtained by crystallization, separation and subsequent drying.
- a partial reduction in the water content in the esterification can be achieved by drying the 2-keto-L-gulonic acid monohydrate to the corresponding anhydride before adding it to the esterification.
- the total yield in esterification / lactonization can be increased to typically 93% and the purity of sodium ascorbate to 92%. However, the yellowing during lactonization cannot be completely prevented.
- 2-Keto-L-gulonic acid monohydrate obtained from fermentation processes is often heavily contaminated with by-products and starting materials which are difficult to separate.
- the following variant of the method according to the invention is advantageously used, in which such impurities are efficiently separated off in the esterification stage.
- the pure 2-keto-L-gulonic acid ester is separated off after cooling and crystallization, the mother liquor is concentrated and, after cooling and crystallizing again, further esters are separated off. After evaporation of the remaining mother liquor, the second esterification step is then carried out. After cooling and crystallization, further 2-keto-L-gulonic acid esters are obtained in pure form from the reaction mixture. Impurities remain essentially in the residual mother liquor.
- the further processing of the pure ester makes it possible to obtain a sodium ascorbate from the lactonization, which can be further processed to pharmaceutical quality. Ion exchange and crystallization can also be carried out much more efficiently due to the greatly reduced impurities. If the isolated ester is additionally subjected to a further esterification step before the lactonization, the proportion of 2-keto-L-gulonic acid can be reduced even further. Ascorbate produced in this way is of pharmaceutical quality in accordance with the purity conditions required by Pharmacopoeia.
- diacetone-2-keto-L-gulonic acid monohydrate obtained from fermentation processes
- diacetone-2-keto-L-gulonic acid monohydrate (2,3: 4,6-diisopropylidene obtained by the Reichstein method)
- 2-oxo-L-gulonic acid monohydrate can be used.
- diacetone-2-keto-L-gulonic acid monohydrate is advantageously first hydrolyzed to 2-keto-L-gulonic acid, which is then converted further to the ester and sodium ascorbate in a two-stage esterification process according to the invention.
- a separation of hydrolysis and esterification is advantageous because the difficult separation of acetone / alcohol mixtures can be avoided.
- step I 50 g of 2-keto-L-gulonic acid monohydrate, content 99.38% and 200 ml of methanol are placed in a 500 ml glass vessel. 0.5 ml of concentrated sulfuric acid is added dropwise with stirring. The esterification (step I) is then carried out with stirring and heating to reflux temperature for 60 minutes. The reaction mixture is then evaporated to dryness under vacuum at 50 mbar and a bath temperature of 85 ° C. 200 ml of methanol and 0.5 ml Given sulfuric acid. Then esterification is continued for 60 minutes under the same conditions as for esterification I (step II). The reaction mixture is then cooled to 30 ° C. and 21.4 g of sodium bicarbonate are added with stirring.
- reaction mixture is then cooled to 30 ° C. and 46.5 g of sodium bicarbonate are added. After heating, the lactonization is carried out at 63 to 65 ° C for 3.5 hours. After cooling to 25 ° C., the product is separated off by filtration, washed twice with 20 ml of methanol each time and then dried under vacuum. 102.56 g of sodium ascorbate, 94.09% content, are obtained (esterification / lactonization yield 95.13% of theory).
- step I 2-keto-L-gulonic acid monohydrate, content 89.5%, and 260 ml of methanol are placed in a 500 ml glass vessel. With stirring, 1.0 ml of concentrated sulfuric acid is added dropwise. The esterification (step I) is then carried out with stirring and heating to reflux temperature for 90 minutes. 35 g of methanol are then evaporated from the reaction mixture under vacuum. After cooling to 10 ° C., the resulting 2-keto-L-gulonic acid methyl ester crystals are filtered off, washed twice with 10 ml of methanol each time and dried. This gives 66.01 g of product. The mother liquor is vacuumed until crystallization begins evaporated, then cooled to 10 ° C.
- step I is then carried out with stirring and heating to reflux temperature for 60 minutes.
- the reaction mixture is then under vacuum at 50 mb and a bath temperature of 80 ° C to dryness evaporated.
- esterification is continued for 60 minutes under the same conditions as for esterification I (step II).
- the reaction mixture is then cooled to 30 ° C. and 15.5 g of sodium bicarbonate are added. After heating, the lactonization is carried out at 63 to 65 ° C for 3 hours. After cooling to 25 ° C., the product is separated off by filtration, washed twice with 10 ml of methanol each time and then dried under vacuum. 32.13 g of sodium ascorbate, content 95.27%, are obtained (yield hydrolysis / esterification / lactonization 90.3% of theory).
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Genetics & Genomics (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Furan Compounds (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP98925377A EP1000050A1 (de) | 1997-07-16 | 1998-06-23 | Verfahren zur herstellung von ascorbat |
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CH174897 | 1997-07-16 | ||
CH1748/97 | 1997-07-16 | ||
CH19/98 | 1998-01-08 | ||
CH1998 | 1998-01-08 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO1999003853A1 true WO1999003853A1 (de) | 1999-01-28 |
Family
ID=25683271
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/CH1998/000271 WO1999003853A1 (de) | 1997-07-16 | 1998-06-23 | Verfahren zur herstellung von ascorbat |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1000050A1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO1999003853A1 (de) |
Cited By (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2001085711A1 (de) * | 2000-05-10 | 2001-11-15 | Basf Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren zur herstellung von l-ascorbinsäure durch lactonisierung von 2-keto-l-gulonsäure oder 2-keto-l-gulonsäureestern |
US6476239B1 (en) | 2002-02-12 | 2002-11-05 | Eastman Chemical Company | Process for the preparation of ascorbic acid |
US6518454B1 (en) | 2001-10-12 | 2003-02-11 | Eastman Chemical Company | Preparation of esters of carboxylic acids |
US6573400B1 (en) | 1999-08-19 | 2003-06-03 | Basf Aktiengesellschaft | Preparation of 2-keto-L-gulonic esters |
US6872314B2 (en) | 2003-08-29 | 2005-03-29 | Eastman Chemical Company | Dewatering process |
WO2005056511A1 (de) * | 2003-12-15 | 2005-06-23 | Basf Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren zur herstellung von 2-keto-l-gulonsäureestern |
US7091375B2 (en) | 2002-11-11 | 2006-08-15 | Basf Aktiengesellschaft | Method for the production of 2=-keto-l-gulonic acid C4C10 alkyl esters |
Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0535927A1 (de) * | 1991-10-01 | 1993-04-07 | Takeda Chemical Industries, Ltd. | Verfahren zur Herstellung von niedrigem Alkyl-2-oxo-L-Gulonat |
-
1998
- 1998-06-23 EP EP98925377A patent/EP1000050A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 1998-06-23 WO PCT/CH1998/000271 patent/WO1999003853A1/de not_active Application Discontinuation
Patent Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0535927A1 (de) * | 1991-10-01 | 1993-04-07 | Takeda Chemical Industries, Ltd. | Verfahren zur Herstellung von niedrigem Alkyl-2-oxo-L-Gulonat |
Cited By (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6573400B1 (en) | 1999-08-19 | 2003-06-03 | Basf Aktiengesellschaft | Preparation of 2-keto-L-gulonic esters |
WO2001085711A1 (de) * | 2000-05-10 | 2001-11-15 | Basf Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren zur herstellung von l-ascorbinsäure durch lactonisierung von 2-keto-l-gulonsäure oder 2-keto-l-gulonsäureestern |
US6617463B2 (en) | 2000-05-10 | 2003-09-09 | Basf Aktiengesellschaft | Method for the production of L-ascorbic acid by lactonization of 2-keto-L-gulonic acid or s2-keto-L-gulonate esters |
US6518454B1 (en) | 2001-10-12 | 2003-02-11 | Eastman Chemical Company | Preparation of esters of carboxylic acids |
EP1304320A2 (de) * | 2001-10-12 | 2003-04-23 | Eastman Chemical Company | Herstellung von Carbonsäureestern |
EP1304320A3 (de) * | 2001-10-12 | 2003-08-06 | Eastman Chemical Company | Herstellung von Carbonsäureestern |
US6476239B1 (en) | 2002-02-12 | 2002-11-05 | Eastman Chemical Company | Process for the preparation of ascorbic acid |
US7091375B2 (en) | 2002-11-11 | 2006-08-15 | Basf Aktiengesellschaft | Method for the production of 2=-keto-l-gulonic acid C4C10 alkyl esters |
US6872314B2 (en) | 2003-08-29 | 2005-03-29 | Eastman Chemical Company | Dewatering process |
WO2005056511A1 (de) * | 2003-12-15 | 2005-06-23 | Basf Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren zur herstellung von 2-keto-l-gulonsäureestern |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP1000050A1 (de) | 2000-05-17 |
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