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WO1999003725A1 - Suspension pour fourche de bicyclette, dotee d'un seul systeme a ressort de compression primaire - Google Patents

Suspension pour fourche de bicyclette, dotee d'un seul systeme a ressort de compression primaire Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO1999003725A1
WO1999003725A1 PCT/US1998/012987 US9812987W WO9903725A1 WO 1999003725 A1 WO1999003725 A1 WO 1999003725A1 US 9812987 W US9812987 W US 9812987W WO 9903725 A1 WO9903725 A1 WO 9903725A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
fork
bicycle
tube
spring
load distributing
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US1998/012987
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Michael L. Mcandrews
Mark J. Winter
Original Assignee
Rockshox, Inc.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Rockshox, Inc. filed Critical Rockshox, Inc.
Priority to AU81601/98A priority Critical patent/AU8160198A/en
Priority to JP11507219A priority patent/JP2001501154A/ja
Priority to CA002266688A priority patent/CA2266688A1/fr
Priority to EP98931480A priority patent/EP0932545A4/fr
Publication of WO1999003725A1 publication Critical patent/WO1999003725A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62K—CYCLES; CYCLE FRAMES; CYCLE STEERING DEVICES; RIDER-OPERATED TERMINAL CONTROLS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CYCLES; CYCLE AXLE SUSPENSIONS; CYCLE SIDE-CARS, FORECARS, OR THE LIKE
    • B62K25/00—Axle suspensions
    • B62K25/04—Axle suspensions for mounting axles resiliently on cycle frame or fork
    • B62K25/06—Axle suspensions for mounting axles resiliently on cycle frame or fork with telescopic fork, e.g. including auxiliary rocking arms
    • B62K25/08—Axle suspensions for mounting axles resiliently on cycle frame or fork with telescopic fork, e.g. including auxiliary rocking arms for front wheel

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the design and construction of bicycle fork suspension systems. More particularly, the present invention relates to the use of only one primary compression spring system in a bicycle suspension fork.
  • Bicycle forks used for coupling a front or rear bicycle wheel to a bicycle frame are well known.
  • bicycle forks which include suspension systems for cushioning impacts or vibrations experienced by a rider when the bicycle contacts bumps, ruts, rocks, pot holes or other obstacles are also well known. Disturbances in the road are absorbed by the suspension system, and their adverse impact upon the vehicle and its rider is reduced or altogether eliminated.
  • One result of such impact reduction is that the rider is better able to control the bicycle.
  • bicycle suspension systems also serve the purpose of maintaining the bicycle wheel in contact with the ground, thus further improving the rider's steering and braking control over the bicycle .
  • Bicycle suspension forks typically have a pair of fork legs straddling the bicycle wheel, each leg including a pair of inner and outer telescoping fork tubes .
  • the inner fork tubes usually are the upper tubular elements and the outer fork tubes usually are the lower tubular elements. However, the reverse arrangement may also be used.
  • a primary compression spring assembly is typically provided in both fork legs, within the pairs of telescoping fork tubes .
  • the compression spring assembly biases the fork tubes into a spaced apart condition when the suspension system is under neutral (i.e.. no external load) conditions.
  • the fork tubes are positioned to slidably move with respect to each other upon impact to the frame, with the spring assembly therein resisting the compression forces.
  • the fork tubes undergo a compression stroke when the tubes telescope together (the inner tube slides into the outer tube) , such as when impact forces are applied to the fork.
  • the spring assembly absorbs the compression forces applied to the fork tubes.
  • the spring assembly stores some, if not all, of the energy imparted to the system during compression and releases the energy to return the fork tubes to their neutral position.
  • the fork tubes undergo an expansion stroke (or rebound stroke) when the tubes telescope apart (the inner tube slides out from the outer tube), such as after a compression stroke.
  • the primary spring assemblies typically comprise coil springs, elastomeric members, air springs, arcuate spring discs or other similar springs or combinations of springs.
  • Primary spring assemblies representative of those known in the art are illustrated in U.S. Patent No. 2,708,112 to Seddon et al . , U.S. Patent No. 5,193,833 to Reisinger, U.S. Patent No. 4,971,344 to Turner, U.S. Patent No. 5,238,259 to Wilson et al . , U.S. Patent No. 5,310,203 to Chen, U.S. Patent No. 5,284,352 to Chen, U.S. Patent No. 5,367,918 to Chang et al . , U.S. Patent No.
  • bottom-out springs have been used to cushion abrupt impacts between the moving parts of the suspension assembly when the inner and outer fork tubes are compressed their maximum distance.
  • bottom-out springs are comprised of thin rubber or other elastomeric members positioned at the bottom of the outer fork tube and intended to be used only at the very end of the compression stroke of the fork legs.
  • top-out springs have been used in combination with the primary compression spring assemblies in order to prevent abrupt impacts between the inner fork tube and the outer fork tube when the fork tubes are over-expanded during rebound of the suspension system.
  • a significant disadvantage associated with the use of a single primary compression spring assembly in only one leg of a bicycle suspension fork is that, as the primary spring assembly compresses and the inner fork tubes approach the lower portion of their travel, the fork is increasingly asymmetrically loaded.
  • Asymmetrical loading is undesirable as it results in unacceptably high stresses being transmitted to the fork legs, the fork brace (the arch connecting the fork legs), and/or other fork structures.
  • the fork structures would require reinforce- ment, resulting in added weight and increased bicycle production costs, offsetting the reductions in cost and weight achieved by eliminating the second primary compression spring assembly.
  • a suspension fork having a single primary compression spring system in only one fork leg, and a method for assembling such a suspension fork, such that loads in the fork are more evenly distributed to reduce any asymmetric loading that would otherwise be caused by the use of only a single primary compression spring assembly on one side of the fork is minimized.
  • a load distributing assembly is positioned in the fork leg not containing a primary com- pression spring assembly, or in both fork legs. With respect to either fork leg, the load distributing assembly of the present invention is positioned so that compression of the inner and outer telescoping tubes of the fork legs may result in compression of the load distributing assembly.
  • the load distributing assembly is not intended to bias the inner and outer fork tubes apart or resist compressive forces applied to the fork legs throughout the entire travel of the fork tubes, although in some embodiments the load distributing assembly may provide some biasing assistance. Instead, the load distributing assembly becomes effective after initial travel of the fork tubes. However, unlike a typical bottom-out spring (which is effective only at the end of a compression stroke) , the load distributing assembly is effective prior to a near-bottom-out condition. Specifi- cally, the load distributing assembly provides resistance to compressive forces applied to the fork legs through a portion of the travel of the fork tubes toward the end of a compression stroke.
  • the load distributing assembly may comprise a spring positioned between the bottom of the inner tube and the bottom of the outer tube so that, while it provides some biasing force when the fork tubes are in an uncompressed state, it provides meaningful resistance to compressive forces only through about the last half of the fork tubes' travel through a compression stroke.
  • the load distributing assembly provides such resistance through approximately the last one-third of the fork tubes' travel through a compression stroke, as this portion of the compression stroke is where the greatest loads are usually experienced by the fork.
  • the load distributing assembly may include any type of air spring, coil spring, arcuate spring members, or elastomer spring, or any other type of spring or combination of springs, provided that such spring or combination of springs decreases asymmetrical compression forces caused by the use of a single primary compression spring system on only one side of a suspension fork and which would normally require reinforcement of the legs, brace, or other fork structure.
  • the load distributing assembly may be positioned between the bottom of the inner fork tube and the bottom of the outer fork tube, between the top of the inner fork tube and a plunger extending into the inner fork tube from the outer fork tube, or in some other operative position, and may be disposed inside or outside of the inner and/or outer fork tubes.
  • FIG. 1 is a partial sectional front elevational view of a front bicycle suspension fork formed in accordance with the principles of the present invention and including a single primary compression spring assembly in only one of the fork legs;
  • FIG. 2 is an exploded view of the single primary compression spring assembly of FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 3 is a partial sectional side elevational view of the front bicycle suspension fork of FIG. 1, showing a load distributing assembly within the leg not containing a primary compression spring assembly.
  • FIGS. 1-3 A preferred embodiment of a front suspension fork 10 having a single primary compression spring system 12 formed in accordance with the principles of the present invention is illustrated in FIGS. 1-3.
  • This application is merely illustrative, however, as those having skill in the art will recognize that the single primary compression spring system 12 of the present invention may additionally or alternatively be incorporated into a rear bicycle suspension fork or other suspension system utilizing two tele- scoping fork legs.
  • Suspension fork 10 has two fork legs 14, 16, each fork leg 14, 16 comprising an inner tube 18, 20 that telescopes into an outer tube 22, 24.
  • the first ends 26, 28 of inner tubes 18, 20 are typically coupled together by a crown 30.
  • the second ends 32, 34 of inner tubes 18, 20 telescope into first ends 36, 38 of outer tubes 22, 24 and approach second ends 40, 42 of outer tubes 22, 24 as fork 10 is compressed.
  • Outer tubes 22, 24 are typically coupled together by a fork brace 44.
  • Compression spring system 12 includes a single primary compression spring assembly 50 within only one of legs 14, 16 and a load distributing assembly 52 within at least one of legs 14, 16.
  • primary compression spring assembly 50 is positioned within the inner fork tube 20 of fork leg 16.
  • compression spring assembly 50 may alternatively be disposed, for example, within outer fork tube 24 of leg 16, within one of inner or outer fork tubes 18, 22 of leg 14, or externally of the inner or outer tubes 18, 20, 22, 24 with the inner or outer fork tube extending through a bore or axial passage through the compression spring assembly.
  • only one compression spring assembly 50 is provided for the entire suspension fork 10.
  • FIG. 2 illustrates a preferred embodiment of the primary compression spring assembly 50 of the present invention in isolation.
  • Primary compression spring assembly 50 of FIG. 2 includes a biasing element 54 functioning as the compression spring and a compression spring spacer 56.
  • Compression spring 54 preferably is an elastomer spring which may be made from microcellular urethane ("MCU") .
  • MCU microcellular urethane
  • a plunger assembly 60 including a plunger shaft 62 having a first end 64 and a second end 66.
  • An end plate 68 is provided on first end 64 of plunger shaft 62 and is positioned within second end 34 of inner tube 20 to provide a seat for compression spring 54.
  • First end 64 and end plate 68 are slidable within inner tube 20 and second end 66 of plunger shaft 62 is coupled to second end 42 of outer tube 24 to permit compression of fork 16 and of spring 54.
  • a flange 70 is provided on second end 34 of the inner tube 20 (FIG.
  • top-out spring 72 is preferably provided at first end 64 of plunger shaft 62 below shaft end plate 68.
  • Top-out spring 72 may be formed from any resilient material known in the art. As may be seen in FIG. 1, when compression spring assembly 50 is positioned within fork 16, top- out spring 72 is positioned between shaft end plate 68 and the flange 70 of inner fork tube 20. Thus, top-out spring 72 cushions impacts between shaft end plate 68 and the flange 70 when fork tubes 20, 24 are near their expansion limit during rebound of the suspension system and second end 34 of inner tube 20 nears first end 38 of outer tube 24.
  • plunger shaft 62 extends through an axial bore in top-out spring 72 such that top-out spring 72 is posi- tioned around plunger shaft 62.
  • compression spring system 12 also includes a load distributing system 52 which, as shown in FIG. 1, is preferably located in the fork leg 14 that does not contain primary compression spring assembly 50. However, if desired, load distributing system 52 may be located in both fork legs 14, 16. As may be most clearly seen in FIG. 3, load distributing system 52 includes a load distributing spring 80, a load distributing spring spacer 82, and plunger shaft 62. Preferably, load distributing spring 80 and load distrib- uting spring spacer 82 are annular such that plunger shaft 62 is passed therethrough.
  • Load distributing spring spacer 82 is preferably an annular rigid or semi-rigid plastic spacer capable of withstanding the compressive loads that may be applied to load distributing spring assembly 52.
  • Load distributing spring 80 is preferably an annular elastomeric spring, and most preferably an MCU elastomer.
  • MCU elastomer has a progressive spring rate that enables the elastomer to distribute, for each incremental unit of distance the spring is compressed, a nonlinearly increasing load increment to the fork leg not containing the primary compression spring assembly.
  • the MCU is lighter and less expensive than many alternative spring structures.
  • load distributing spring 80 and load distributing spring spacer 82 are formed are selected depending on the load distributing characteristics desired for the system, and thus may comprise materials other than those explicitly listed herein, so long as the desired load distribution is achieved.
  • load distributing spring 80 will compress when engaged by lower, second end 32, and particularly flange 92, of inner fork tube 18. Upon compression, load distributing spring 80 distributes a portion of the compressive loads to the fork leg not containing a primary compression spring assembly, thereby reducing the loading that would otherwise be experienced by the fork leg containing the primary compression spring assembly and alleviating the need to reinforce the fork structure to withstand asymmetrical loading.
  • Load distributing system 52 is preferably config- ured and positioned to effectively distribute compressive loads during the last one-half, and most preferably the last one-third, of travel of the inner fork tubes 18, 20 into the outer fork tubes 22, 24 (the compression stroke of fork 10).
  • This preferred range may vary in other forks or alternative suspension assemblies, however, depending upon the particu- lar design of the fork or device being considered. As a general rule, therefore, it is preferable that the load distributing spring assembly be configured and positioned to redistribute asymmetric loads within the range of travel where load redistribution is necessary in order to avoid the need to reinforce the structural components of the fork or other suspension assembly.
  • spacer 82 may be adjusted or replaced with a differently sized or shaped spacer in order to modify the position of load distributing spring 80 and thus the point at which load distributing system 52 effectively distributes compressive or other loads during compression of the bicycle fork.
  • Load distributing system 52 may be positioned in any manner and on any surface permitting it to transfer loads from the inner fork tube to the outer fork tube.
  • FIGS. 1 and 3 show load distributing spring

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Axle Suspensions And Sidecars For Cycles (AREA)
  • Fluid-Damping Devices (AREA)
  • Springs (AREA)

Abstract

Fourche (10) de bicyclette possédant une suspension constituée d'un ensemble (50) primaire ressort de compression situé dans une seule des pattes (14, 16) de la fourche. Un ensemble de répartition de charges (52) est placé dans au moins une des pattes (14, 16) de fourche afin de répartir les charges transmises à la fourche (10) pendant une course de compression. Par conséquent, une application asymétrique des charges qui résulterait de la présence d'un seul ensemble (50) ressort de compression d'un seul côté de la fourche est réduite, sinon complètement éliminée. L'ensemble de répartition des charges (52) est conçu de préférence de manière qu'il commence la répartition des charges pendant la dernière moitié, et de préférence le dernier tiers de la course de compression. Dans un mode de réalisation préféré, l'ensemble de répartition des charges (52) comporte un ressort (80) de répartition des charges et un élément d'écartement (82) de ressort de répartition des charges.
PCT/US1998/012987 1997-07-16 1998-06-23 Suspension pour fourche de bicyclette, dotee d'un seul systeme a ressort de compression primaire WO1999003725A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU81601/98A AU8160198A (en) 1997-07-16 1998-06-23 Bicycle fork suspension having a single primary compression spring system
JP11507219A JP2001501154A (ja) 1997-07-16 1998-06-23 単一の主圧縮ばねシステムを有する自転車フォークサスペンション
CA002266688A CA2266688A1 (fr) 1997-07-16 1998-06-23 Suspension pour fourche de bicyclette, dotee d'un seul systeme a ressort de compression primaire
EP98931480A EP0932545A4 (fr) 1997-07-16 1998-06-23 Suspension pour fourche de bicyclette, dotee d'un seul systeme a ressort de compression primaire

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US5270997P 1997-07-16 1997-07-16
US60/052,709 1997-07-16
US8453098A 1998-05-26 1998-05-26
US09/084,530 1998-05-26

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1999003725A1 true WO1999003725A1 (fr) 1999-01-28

Family

ID=26730986

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/US1998/012987 WO1999003725A1 (fr) 1997-07-16 1998-06-23 Suspension pour fourche de bicyclette, dotee d'un seul systeme a ressort de compression primaire

Country Status (6)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0932545A4 (fr)
JP (1) JP2001501154A (fr)
AU (1) AU8160198A (fr)
CA (1) CA2266688A1 (fr)
TW (1) TW397786B (fr)
WO (1) WO1999003725A1 (fr)

Citations (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2708112A (en) 1951-10-16 1955-05-10 Dunlop Rubber Co Shock absorbers
US4971344A (en) 1989-01-04 1990-11-20 Rockshox, Inc. Bicycle with a front fork wheel suspension
US5193833A (en) 1990-08-24 1993-03-16 Robert Reisinger Bicycle front suspension, steering & braking system
US5238259A (en) 1991-09-19 1993-08-24 Wilson Stephen R Quick release dropout for bicycle wheel
US5270997A (en) 1990-01-22 1993-12-14 Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha Optical head with reduced aberration
US5284352A (en) 1992-12-03 1994-02-08 Chen Tsai L Compression-adjustable bicycle shock-absorbing apparatus
US5310203A (en) 1992-12-03 1994-05-10 Chen Tsai L Bicycle shock-absorbing apparatus
US5367918A (en) 1993-12-28 1994-11-29 Chang; Wu-Sung Bicycle front fork shock absorbing device
US5449189A (en) 1994-08-30 1995-09-12 Chen; Tsai-Lie Delayed-return suspension fork for a bicycle
US5449155A (en) 1993-08-09 1995-09-12 Cannondale Corporation Suspension skock absorber for bicycles
US5470090A (en) 1993-09-07 1995-11-28 Manitou Mountain Bikes, Inc. Precision suspension fork for bicylces
US5509677A (en) * 1993-09-07 1996-04-23 Manitou Mountain Bikes, Inc. Suspension fork for bicycles with dual, fluid-based dampers
US5538276A (en) 1995-05-23 1996-07-23 Tullis; Jay K. Tunable air spring
US5580075A (en) 1994-06-06 1996-12-03 Rockshox, Inc. Bicycle fork suspension with exchangeable spring unit
US5667234A (en) * 1994-12-24 1997-09-16 Fichtel & Sachs Ag Bicycle, a front fork and a shock absorber mechanism for the front fork of a bicycle

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH06263078A (ja) * 1993-03-13 1994-09-20 Honda Motor Co Ltd 自動２輪車の前輪懸架装置
JPH0874910A (ja) * 1994-08-31 1996-03-19 Kayaba Ind Co Ltd フロントフォーク
JPH08210419A (ja) * 1995-01-31 1996-08-20 Kayaba Ind Co Ltd フロントフォーク
US5582395A (en) * 1995-12-19 1996-12-10 Taiwan Hodaka Industrial Co., Ltd. Buffer assembly for front forks

Patent Citations (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2708112A (en) 1951-10-16 1955-05-10 Dunlop Rubber Co Shock absorbers
US4971344A (en) 1989-01-04 1990-11-20 Rockshox, Inc. Bicycle with a front fork wheel suspension
US4971344B1 (fr) 1989-01-04 1992-03-24 Rockshox Inc
US5270997A (en) 1990-01-22 1993-12-14 Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha Optical head with reduced aberration
US5193833A (en) 1990-08-24 1993-03-16 Robert Reisinger Bicycle front suspension, steering & braking system
US5238259A (en) 1991-09-19 1993-08-24 Wilson Stephen R Quick release dropout for bicycle wheel
US5284352A (en) 1992-12-03 1994-02-08 Chen Tsai L Compression-adjustable bicycle shock-absorbing apparatus
US5310203A (en) 1992-12-03 1994-05-10 Chen Tsai L Bicycle shock-absorbing apparatus
US5449155A (en) 1993-08-09 1995-09-12 Cannondale Corporation Suspension skock absorber for bicycles
US5509677A (en) * 1993-09-07 1996-04-23 Manitou Mountain Bikes, Inc. Suspension fork for bicycles with dual, fluid-based dampers
US5470090A (en) 1993-09-07 1995-11-28 Manitou Mountain Bikes, Inc. Precision suspension fork for bicylces
US5367918A (en) 1993-12-28 1994-11-29 Chang; Wu-Sung Bicycle front fork shock absorbing device
US5580075A (en) 1994-06-06 1996-12-03 Rockshox, Inc. Bicycle fork suspension with exchangeable spring unit
US5449189A (en) 1994-08-30 1995-09-12 Chen; Tsai-Lie Delayed-return suspension fork for a bicycle
US5667234A (en) * 1994-12-24 1997-09-16 Fichtel & Sachs Ag Bicycle, a front fork and a shock absorber mechanism for the front fork of a bicycle
US5538276A (en) 1995-05-23 1996-07-23 Tullis; Jay K. Tunable air spring

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See also references of EP0932545A4 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
TW397786B (en) 2000-07-11
EP0932545A1 (fr) 1999-08-04
AU8160198A (en) 1999-02-10
JP2001501154A (ja) 2001-01-30
CA2266688A1 (fr) 1999-01-28
EP0932545A4 (fr) 2000-05-10

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