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WO1999059375A2 - Procede et dispositif pour l'acces a un prestataire de services - Google Patents

Procede et dispositif pour l'acces a un prestataire de services Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO1999059375A2
WO1999059375A2 PCT/EP1999/003085 EP9903085W WO9959375A2 WO 1999059375 A2 WO1999059375 A2 WO 1999059375A2 EP 9903085 W EP9903085 W EP 9903085W WO 9959375 A2 WO9959375 A2 WO 9959375A2
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
node
network
authentication
data
service provider
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP1999/003085
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
WO1999059375A3 (fr
Inventor
Jussi Antero Auvinen
Marko Johannes Toivonen
Original Assignee
Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson (Publ)
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson (Publ) filed Critical Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson (Publ)
Priority to AU39320/99A priority Critical patent/AU3932099A/en
Publication of WO1999059375A2 publication Critical patent/WO1999059375A2/fr
Publication of WO1999059375A3 publication Critical patent/WO1999059375A3/fr

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L12/00—Data switching networks
    • H04L12/02—Details
    • H04L12/14—Charging, metering or billing arrangements for data wireline or wireless communications
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F21/00—Security arrangements for protecting computers, components thereof, programs or data against unauthorised activity
    • G06F21/30—Authentication, i.e. establishing the identity or authorisation of security principals
    • G06F21/31—User authentication
    • G06F21/33—User authentication using certificates
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L12/00—Data switching networks
    • H04L12/02—Details
    • H04L12/14—Charging, metering or billing arrangements for data wireline or wireless communications
    • H04L12/1403—Architecture for metering, charging or billing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L12/00—Data switching networks
    • H04L12/02—Details
    • H04L12/14—Charging, metering or billing arrangements for data wireline or wireless communications
    • H04L12/1428—Invoice generation, e.g. customization, lay-out, database processing, algorithms for calculating the bill or formatting invoices as WWW pages
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L12/00—Data switching networks
    • H04L12/02—Details
    • H04L12/14—Charging, metering or billing arrangements for data wireline or wireless communications
    • H04L12/1442—Charging, metering or billing arrangements for data wireline or wireless communications at network operator level
    • H04L12/1446—Charging, metering or billing arrangements for data wireline or wireless communications at network operator level inter-operator billing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L12/00—Data switching networks
    • H04L12/02—Details
    • H04L12/14—Charging, metering or billing arrangements for data wireline or wireless communications
    • H04L12/1453—Methods or systems for payment or settlement of the charges for data transmission involving significant interaction with the data transmission network
    • H04L12/1482—Methods or systems for payment or settlement of the charges for data transmission involving significant interaction with the data transmission network involving use of telephony infrastructure for billing for the transport of data, e.g. call detail record [CDR] or intelligent network infrastructure
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L63/00—Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security
    • H04L63/08—Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security for authentication of entities

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a service provider access method and apparatus and in particular, though not necessarily, to the collection of charge data for accessing an Internet service provider via the Internet.
  • the conventional way for a home user of a personal computer (PC) to access the Internet is to set up a telephone call, via his telephone operator provided with a modem pool, to an Internet service provider.
  • the service provider allocates an Internet address to the PC ("subscriber terminal") for the duration of a session and acts as a router and protocol converter for data transmitted between the Internet and the subscriber terminal .
  • Exchanges provided with this facility are accessed by subscribers dialing a predefined access number.
  • the exchanges contain intelligence (sometimes described as an "intelligent network") which enables them to recognise that a call received to this number is an Internet access request.
  • the exchange provides a connection between the subscriber terminal (or rather “line") and the Internet via one of a number of so-called Internet Access Servers (IASs) - alternatively known as Network Access Servers (NASs) .
  • IASs Internet Access Servers
  • NASs Network Access Servers
  • An IAS acts as a multiplexer/demultiplexer between a number of low capacity subscriber lines and a high capacity trunk line connecting to the Internet .
  • the IAS also acts as a protocol converter, converting the circuit switched protocol of the telephone network into a packet Internet protocol and vice versa .
  • an IAS may be accessed from a mobile terminal using a special signaling protocol to set up a data channel between the IAS and the mobile terminal.
  • ISP Internet Service Provider
  • a method of providing access for a subscriber to services of a service provider through a data network comprising the steps of: connecting a subscriber terminal to said data network; transmitting a log-on request for the subscriber terminal from the terminal to a node in the data network, said node having a data network address and comprising a database containing authentication data relating to subscribers of the home interface network which controls said node; authenticating the subscriber terminal using the data contained in said database and returning authentication data to the subscriber terminal; transmitting at least part of the authentication data from the subscriber terminal to the service provider; transmitting an authentication request from the service provider to the authentication node, and returning an authorisation to the service provider; and in response to receipt of authorisation from the authentication node, allowing the subscriber terminal to access services of the service provider via the data network.
  • the node As the node comprising the authentication database is controlled by the home network, the node can be trusted to provide secure authentication data to the interrogating service provider.
  • Embodiments of the present invention enable the authentication of a subscriber terminal connected to the data network and hence the confirmation of the right of the service provider to charge the subscriber terminal for the right to access its services. Charging information may then be repatriated to the subscriber terminal ' s home network where it may be incorporated into a single charging system maintained by the home network.
  • the data network is the Internet and said node is an Internet node having an Internet Protocol (IP) address, e.g. a Universal Resource Locator (URL) address.
  • IP Internet Protocol
  • the home network comprises a telecommunication network, such as a Public Switched Telephone Network (PSTN) having an Internet access server or a modem pool.
  • PSTN Public Switched Telephone Network
  • the telecommunication network may be a cellular radio telephone network having a direct access gateway.
  • the subscriber terminal may be connected to the data network via a visitor network comprising a PSTN and an access server or modem pool, similar to the home network.
  • connection to the data network may be through a local area network and an Internet access server.
  • the database of the authentication node may contain the home number of the subscriber (A-number) , together with a Username and a password. Said log-on request then contains the Username and password which are verified by the node, together with a network address allocated to the subscriber terminal in the data network.
  • the authentication data returned to the subscriber terminal preferably comprises an access computer program and a user identification (UID) .
  • This computer program may be in the form of an applet which causes the subscriber terminal to transmit, at regular intervals, a confirmation message to the authentication node. At least the UID is then transmitted from the subscriber terminal to the service provider. The service provider polls the network node, using the terminal's network address and UID to confirm the continued authorisation of the terminal .
  • the home network has control of a second node in the data network, which node also has an address in that network and acts as a collector of charging information for the service provider. More preferably, the authentication node records charging data for the subscriber terminal and subsequently transfers this to the charging node.
  • the service provider has permission to access a second authentication node controlled by said visitor network or another "foreign" network.
  • the method comprises the further step of transmitting an authentication request on behalf of the subscriber terminal to the second authentication node.
  • the second authentication node communicates with the home authentication node, to both authenticate the subscriber terminal and to receive subscriber identity data, e.g. the subscriber's telephone number (A-number) .
  • subscriber identity data e.g. the subscriber's telephone number (A-number)
  • the second authentication node then transfers charging data to a charging node of the service provider.
  • the charging node of the service provider can then forward charging information to the charging node of the home network.
  • Individual charging requests may be made from the charging node of the service provider to the authentication node of the home network. These requests may then be referred by the authentication node of the home network to the subscriber terminal for approval or rejection. The decision of the subscriber terminal is then transferred back to the service provider's charging node via the home network's authentication node.
  • apparatus for providing access for a subscriber to services of a service provider through a data network, the subscriber being a subscriber of a home interface network
  • the apparatus comprising: connection means for connecting a subscriber terminal to a data network; a data network node having a data network address and comprising a database containing authentication data relating to subscribers of the home interface network which controls said node; first transmission means for transmitting a log-on request for the subscriber terminal from the terminal to said node; means for authenticating the subscriber terminal using the data contained in said database and for returning authentication data to the subscriber terminal; second transmission means for transmitting at least part of the authentication data from the subscriber terminal to the service provider; third transmission means for transmitting an authentication request from the service provider to the authentication node, and returning an authorisation to the service provider; and processing means arranged, in response to receipt of authorisation from the authentication node, to allow the subscriber terminal to access services of the service provider via the data network.
  • FIG 1 shows schematically an Internet access network
  • Figure 2 is a flow diagram illustrating the method of operation of the network of Figure 1;
  • Figure 3 shows schematically a first modification to the network of Figure 1.
  • FIG. 1 there is illustrated an Internet access network in which the Internet is identified by the reference numeral 1.
  • Point-to-point connections i.e. logical connections
  • a terminal e.g. personal computer
  • PSTN public switched telephone network
  • This PSTN 3 is referred to hereinafter as the "home" network of the subscriber terminal 2.
  • IAS Internet access server
  • the IAS 5 provides appropriate protocol conversion (i.e. between circuit-switched and packet-switched data transmission) for data transfer between the Internet 1 and the subscriber terminal 2.
  • the home network As Internet communications for the subscriber terminal 2 are handled by the home network ' s own IAS 5 , the home network is able to combine charges made for the Internet access, with normal telephone charges. The operator is therefore able to issue the subscriber with a single bill covering both services. Furthermore, if the subscriber terminal 2 accesses a remote Internet Service Provider (ISP) 6 which levies a charge for the service provided, charging information may be returned to the home network 3 for incorporation into this same bill.
  • ISP Internet Service Provider
  • the DUSDB 9 is provided with a database 11 containing the following tables (further explanation of the table fields is given below) : -
  • Subscriber telephone numbers in the home network (A-number), a username, and a user password. This information is used for subscriber authentication.
  • Connection start time connection disconnect time, disconnect method, username, random part of UID, originating IP address .
  • This table is used to store log data from subscriber login and logout sessions .
  • Connection start time username, UID, originating IP address, latest verification time.
  • This table is used to enhance system performance. It is used to store information after login and before logout. Upon logout, the information is transferred to table 2 and missing fields are inserted there.
  • the latest verification time is the time that the most recent verification was received from the user applet .
  • ISP IP address, request time, UID This table contains information on every query made by an ISP to the DUSDB.
  • the DUSDB 9 and the IBC 10 are both under the control of the home network 3 and can therefore be considered as secure .
  • communications between the ISP 6, the DUSDB 9, and the IBC 10 require that the identity of the transmitting and receiving identity be confirmed. This is achieved using an authentication protocol such as Radius. Communications made using this protocol are indicated in Figure 1 by the symbol ⁇ . Other communications over the Internet can be made using the https protocol, indicated in Figure 1 by the symbol ⁇ .
  • IP Internet protocol
  • the user first enters the URL of the DUSDB 9 and then sends to the DUSDB 9 the terminal ' s username and (changing) password.
  • the DUSDB 9 sends an applet to the subscriber terminal 8, together with a user identification (UID) .
  • the applet is installed in the subscriber terminal 8 and causes the terminal to send a confirmation message to the DUSDB 9 at regular intervals, e.g.
  • the DUSDB logs off the subscriber terminal 8, and sends a message to this effect to the ISP 6 which terminates the subscriber terminal's access.
  • FIG. 3 A network for achieving this solution is illustrated schematically in Figure 3, where elements already discussed with reference to Figure 1 are identified with like reference numerals (the subscriber's home network is omitted in the interest of simplicity) .
  • the network makes use of communication between the DUSDB 9 controlled by the home network and a second DUSDB 12.
  • the second DUSDB 12 is under the control of a foreign network, with the ISP 6 having a suitable agreement with that network such that the ISP 6 has permission to connect to and use the services of the DUSDB 12.
  • the subscriber 8 starts by logging on to the DUSDB 9 of the home network using his Username and password, and receives therefrom an applet and UID.
  • the ISP 6 communicates with its own trusted DUSDB 12 and recognises that the subscriber 8 does not have an account with the ISP 6 and moreover that the ISP 6 does not have an appropriate service agreement with the home network 3.
  • the ISP DUSDB 12 then contacts the home
  • DUSDB 9 receives thereform all data necessary for billing the subscriber 8, including the subscriber's home telephone number (A-number) .
  • the foreign network has its own IBC node 13, which receives the necessary billing information from the network's DUSDB 12.
  • the IBC 13 sends an Internet Charging Data Record (CDR) to the foreign network's billing system (not shown) which in turn forwards a note of the charges to the home network's billing system.
  • CDR Internet Charging Data Record
  • the network may include means for providing the subscriber with the opportunity to accept or reject individual charging requests made by the ISP 6.
  • the IBC 13 requests authorisation from the home network's DUSDB 9.
  • the DUSDB 9 directs this request to the subscriber terminal 8 using the previously transferred applet. If the subscriber accepts the request, then an OK message is sent via the DUSDB 9 and the IBC 13 to the ISP 6.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Security & Cryptography (AREA)
  • Software Systems (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Databases & Information Systems (AREA)
  • Telephonic Communication Services (AREA)
  • Data Exchanges In Wide-Area Networks (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé permettant à un terminal d'abonné (8) d'accéder aux services d'un prestataire de services Internet (ISP, 6) via Internet (1). Le terminal (8), relié à Internet (1) par le biais d'un serveur d'accès Internet (IAS, 8), transmet une demande d'accès à un noeud (9) Internet (1). Ledit noeud (9) comprend une base de données (11) qui renferme les données d'authentification propres aux abonnés d'un réseau de rattachement assurant le contrôle du noeud (9). Le terminal (8) est authentifié au moyen de la base de données (11), et les données d'authentification sont envoyées au terminal (8). Ensuite, on transmet une partie des données d'authentification depuis le terminal (8) au prestataire ISP (6), qui envoie à son tour une demande d'authentification au noeud d'authentification (9). Le noeud (9) envoie enfin une autorisation au prestataire ISP (6), lequel autorise alors le terminal d'abonné (8) à accéder à ses services.
PCT/EP1999/003085 1998-05-08 1999-05-05 Procede et dispositif pour l'acces a un prestataire de services WO1999059375A2 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU39320/99A AU3932099A (en) 1998-05-08 1999-05-05 Service provider access method and apparatus

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FI981028A FI981028L (fi) 1998-05-08 1998-05-08 Palvelun tarjoajalle pääsymenetelmä ja -laite
FI981028 1998-05-08

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1999059375A2 true WO1999059375A2 (fr) 1999-11-18
WO1999059375A3 WO1999059375A3 (fr) 1999-12-29

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PCT/EP1999/003085 WO1999059375A2 (fr) 1998-05-08 1999-05-05 Procede et dispositif pour l'acces a un prestataire de services

Country Status (3)

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AU (1) AU3932099A (fr)
FI (1) FI981028L (fr)
WO (1) WO1999059375A2 (fr)

Cited By (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2000068862A1 (fr) * 1999-05-06 2000-11-16 Sharinga Networks Inc. Procede et dispositif d'acces a un reseau de communication
WO2002035788A1 (fr) * 2000-10-25 2002-05-02 Nokia Corporation Serveur d'acces logique comportant des cartes d'acces permettant a des fournisseurs de service de superviser un equipement d'operateurs de communications
WO2003030464A1 (fr) * 2001-09-29 2003-04-10 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. Procede d'authentification de securite pour client de pc
AU768416B2 (en) * 1999-05-06 2003-12-11 Customer Management Strategies And Systems Pty Ltd A communications network access method and system
EP1379982A1 (fr) * 2001-03-02 2004-01-14 Billtobill Limited Systeme de facturation internet
EP1383277A1 (fr) * 2002-07-19 2004-01-21 Koninklijke KPN N.V. Procédé et système d'accès controlé en ligne depuis un terminal d'abonné à un service de contenu
DE102004038588A1 (de) * 2004-08-06 2006-03-16 Deutsche Telekom Ag Verfahren zum Bereitstellen von Diensten verschiedener Diensteanbieter und zentrale, rechnerbasierte Plattform zur Durchführung eines solchen Verfahrens
EP1655888A1 (fr) * 2004-11-06 2006-05-10 TECON Technologies AG Méthode et dispositif pour la identification d'un abonné et de la ligne d'abonné
CN1313929C (zh) * 2003-07-31 2007-05-02 国际商业机器公司 用于地理映射的对资源确认和排序的方法与装置
US8359289B1 (en) 1999-05-12 2013-01-22 Sydney Gordon Low Message processing system
US8560666B2 (en) 2001-07-23 2013-10-15 Hitwise Pty Ltd. Link usage
US9767309B1 (en) 2015-11-23 2017-09-19 Experian Information Solutions, Inc. Access control system for implementing access restrictions of regulated database records while identifying and providing indicators of regulated database records matching validation criteria
US10678894B2 (en) 2016-08-24 2020-06-09 Experian Information Solutions, Inc. Disambiguation and authentication of device users
US10810605B2 (en) 2004-06-30 2020-10-20 Experian Marketing Solutions, Llc System, method, software and data structure for independent prediction of attitudinal and message responsiveness, and preferences for communication media, channel, timing, frequency, and sequences of communications, using an integrated data repository
US11257117B1 (en) 2014-06-25 2022-02-22 Experian Information Solutions, Inc. Mobile device sighting location analytics and profiling system
US11682041B1 (en) 2020-01-13 2023-06-20 Experian Marketing Solutions, Llc Systems and methods of a tracking analytics platform

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US8639920B2 (en) 2009-05-11 2014-01-28 Experian Marketing Solutions, Inc. Systems and methods for providing anonymized user profile data

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Cited By (30)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AU768416B2 (en) * 1999-05-06 2003-12-11 Customer Management Strategies And Systems Pty Ltd A communications network access method and system
WO2000068862A1 (fr) * 1999-05-06 2000-11-16 Sharinga Networks Inc. Procede et dispositif d'acces a un reseau de communication
US9407588B2 (en) 1999-05-12 2016-08-02 Iii Holdings 1, Llc Message processing system
US9124542B2 (en) 1999-05-12 2015-09-01 Iii Holdings 1, Llc Message processing system
US8359289B1 (en) 1999-05-12 2013-01-22 Sydney Gordon Low Message processing system
WO2002035788A1 (fr) * 2000-10-25 2002-05-02 Nokia Corporation Serveur d'acces logique comportant des cartes d'acces permettant a des fournisseurs de service de superviser un equipement d'operateurs de communications
EP1379982A1 (fr) * 2001-03-02 2004-01-14 Billtobill Limited Systeme de facturation internet
EP1379982A4 (fr) * 2001-03-02 2004-08-25 Billtobill Ltd Systeme de facturation internet
US8560666B2 (en) 2001-07-23 2013-10-15 Hitwise Pty Ltd. Link usage
US9331918B2 (en) 2001-07-23 2016-05-03 Connexity, Inc. Link usage
US7418727B2 (en) 2001-09-29 2008-08-26 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd Method for PC client security authentication
WO2003030464A1 (fr) * 2001-09-29 2003-04-10 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. Procede d'authentification de securite pour client de pc
EP1383277A1 (fr) * 2002-07-19 2004-01-21 Koninklijke KPN N.V. Procédé et système d'accès controlé en ligne depuis un terminal d'abonné à un service de contenu
CN1313929C (zh) * 2003-07-31 2007-05-02 国际商业机器公司 用于地理映射的对资源确认和排序的方法与装置
US10810605B2 (en) 2004-06-30 2020-10-20 Experian Marketing Solutions, Llc System, method, software and data structure for independent prediction of attitudinal and message responsiveness, and preferences for communication media, channel, timing, frequency, and sequences of communications, using an integrated data repository
US11657411B1 (en) 2004-06-30 2023-05-23 Experian Marketing Solutions, Llc System, method, software and data structure for independent prediction of attitudinal and message responsiveness, and preferences for communication media, channel, timing, frequency, and sequences of communications, using an integrated data repository
DE102004038588A1 (de) * 2004-08-06 2006-03-16 Deutsche Telekom Ag Verfahren zum Bereitstellen von Diensten verschiedener Diensteanbieter und zentrale, rechnerbasierte Plattform zur Durchführung eines solchen Verfahrens
WO2006048317A2 (fr) * 2004-11-06 2006-05-11 Tecon Technologies Ag Procede et systeme pour identifier un abonne et la connexion utilisee lors de liaisons voip
EP1655888A1 (fr) * 2004-11-06 2006-05-10 TECON Technologies AG Méthode et dispositif pour la identification d'un abonné et de la ligne d'abonné
WO2006048317A3 (fr) * 2004-11-06 2006-07-13 Tecon Technologies Ag Procede et systeme pour identifier un abonne et la connexion utilisee lors de liaisons voip
US11257117B1 (en) 2014-06-25 2022-02-22 Experian Information Solutions, Inc. Mobile device sighting location analytics and profiling system
US11620677B1 (en) 2014-06-25 2023-04-04 Experian Information Solutions, Inc. Mobile device sighting location analytics and profiling system
US10685133B1 (en) 2015-11-23 2020-06-16 Experian Information Solutions, Inc. Access control system for implementing access restrictions of regulated database records while identifying and providing indicators of regulated database records matching validation criteria
US10019593B1 (en) 2015-11-23 2018-07-10 Experian Information Solutions, Inc. Access control system for implementing access restrictions of regulated database records while identifying and providing indicators of regulated database records matching validation criteria
US9767309B1 (en) 2015-11-23 2017-09-19 Experian Information Solutions, Inc. Access control system for implementing access restrictions of regulated database records while identifying and providing indicators of regulated database records matching validation criteria
US11748503B1 (en) 2015-11-23 2023-09-05 Experian Information Solutions, Inc. Access control system for implementing access restrictions of regulated database records while identifying and providing indicators of regulated database records matching validation criteria
US10678894B2 (en) 2016-08-24 2020-06-09 Experian Information Solutions, Inc. Disambiguation and authentication of device users
US11550886B2 (en) 2016-08-24 2023-01-10 Experian Information Solutions, Inc. Disambiguation and authentication of device users
US11682041B1 (en) 2020-01-13 2023-06-20 Experian Marketing Solutions, Llc Systems and methods of a tracking analytics platform
US12175496B1 (en) 2020-01-13 2024-12-24 Experian Marketing Solutions, Llc Systems and methods of a tracking analytics platform

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FI981028L (fi) 1999-11-09
AU3932099A (en) 1999-11-29
FI981028A0 (fi) 1998-05-08
WO1999059375A3 (fr) 1999-12-29

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