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WO1998039814A1 - Antenne multi-bandes a filtre ceramique - Google Patents

Antenne multi-bandes a filtre ceramique Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO1998039814A1
WO1998039814A1 PCT/US1998/004209 US9804209W WO9839814A1 WO 1998039814 A1 WO1998039814 A1 WO 1998039814A1 US 9804209 W US9804209 W US 9804209W WO 9839814 A1 WO9839814 A1 WO 9839814A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
counterpoise
antenna
coupled
radiating
wave
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US1998/004209
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Edward August Jesser
Original Assignee
Itron, Inc.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Itron, Inc. filed Critical Itron, Inc.
Priority to AU65413/98A priority Critical patent/AU6541398A/en
Publication of WO1998039814A1 publication Critical patent/WO1998039814A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
    • H01Q9/30—Resonant antennas with feed to end of elongated active element, e.g. unipole
    • H01Q9/42—Resonant antennas with feed to end of elongated active element, e.g. unipole with folded element, the folded parts being spaced apart a small fraction of the operating wavelength
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
    • H01Q5/30—Arrangements for providing operation on different wavebands
    • H01Q5/307—Individual or coupled radiating elements, each element being fed in an unspecified way
    • H01Q5/314—Individual or coupled radiating elements, each element being fed in an unspecified way using frequency dependent circuits or components, e.g. trap circuits or capacitors
    • H01Q5/321—Individual or coupled radiating elements, each element being fed in an unspecified way using frequency dependent circuits or components, e.g. trap circuits or capacitors within a radiating element or between connected radiating elements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
    • H01Q5/40—Imbricated or interleaved structures; Combined or electromagnetically coupled arrangements, e.g. comprising two or more non-connected fed radiating elements
    • H01Q5/48—Combinations of two or more dipole type antennas
    • H01Q5/49—Combinations of two or more dipole type antennas with parasitic elements used for purposes other than for dual-band or multi-band, e.g. imbricated Yagi antennas

Definitions

  • the present invention generally relates to an antenna. Specifically, the invention relates to the implementation of ceramic resonators as radio frequency (rf) traps in a J-pole antenna system to provide a dual and multiband antenna preferably implemented in the VHF and above bands.
  • rf radio frequency
  • antennas are used to propagate or capture radio and electromagnetic waves.
  • the functional use of antennas is therefore to transmit and receive radio, television, microwave telephone and radar signals.
  • Most antennas for radio and television consist of metal wires or rods connected to a receiver or transmitter.
  • a combination of an inductance and a capacitance in series is the standard form of tuned circuits used in almost every radio receiver. These circuits are tunable over a range of resonant frequencies and either the inductance or the capacitance can be a variable type.
  • the capacitor is made variable. In practice the coil may also have variable characteristics.
  • the coil is made variable by wounding on a sleeve fitted on a ferrite rod and capable of being slid up and down the rod to thereby provide a means for changing the effective inductance.
  • the variable characteristics of the coil are used only for initial adjustment. Subsequent adjustments of resonant frequency and tuning are done by the variable capacitor.
  • a tuned circuit consists of a coil and a variable capacitor which can be adjusted to show resonance and /or maximum response to a particular signal frequency applied to it. Only that signal to which it is tuned is magnified or amplified by resonance such that it stands out at high levels of signal strength.
  • Traditional antenna structures include a vertical telescopic element, a horizontal rod or dipole.
  • a dipole is generally tuned by making the length equal to a certain ratio of the signal wavelength.
  • the tuning process of a dipole aerial includes a design to make it resonant with the mean frequency to be covered in the required band.
  • the amplified signal is fed to the next stage of the receiver via a tuned output.
  • complicated circuits in cooperation with cumbersome mechanical devices are used to improve the impedance of an antenna by matching it with the transmission line.
  • prior art antenna systems and structures for NHF and higher band frequencies utilize complex electrical and mechanical structures. These antennas comprise, inter alia, radiating elements of various sizes and shapes including monopoles and dipoles.
  • J-pole type antenna systems are designed using several techniques to optimize both performance and design parameters.
  • current practice does not provide a space /volume efficient and economical design of a J-pole type antenna which is tunable by using rf traps to form multiband antennas.
  • the present invention uses an rf trap to form multiband antennas. Specifically, the present invention utilizes dielectric resonators to separate and match multiband antenna sections of a J-pole antenna system.
  • the dielectric resonators used in the present invention are preferably of the ceramic type. These devices have low loss and very small temperature variation of resonant frequency in the microwave range.
  • Ceramic materials with high dielectric constant and low loss called dielectric resonators are extensively and advantageously used for both active and passive devices in microwave systems. Particularly, in passive devices such as capacitors and resistors ceramics are used to moderate electrical current. In spite of the prodigious use of ceramic materials as passive components in various electronic components, prior art practice in antenna technology generally uses circuit traps of the anti-resonant inductor-capacitor type.
  • a multiband antenna system using ceramic resonators to trap rf is disclosed.
  • a substantially rectilinear antenna structure having an effective length equal to 3/4 of the low frequency wave length is set with a low impedance point at one end.
  • a substantially rectilinear coupled conductor having an effective length equal to 1/4 of the low frequency wave length is set in close spaced co-planar relation to the antenna element.
  • One end of the coupled conductor is set adjacent the substantially zero impedance end of the antenna element.
  • the antenna element and the coupled conductor are supported on a common base comprising a connector where the substantially low impedance and the rf feed are located.
  • Ceramic resonators are placed on the antenna element and the coupled conductor at parametrically predetermined positions to affect high level efficiency and operation on multiple frequency.
  • the antenna element and the coupled conductor are structured to be co-extensive with a predetermined dimensional (length) differential between them.
  • the set positions of the ceramic resonators on both the antenna element and the coupled conductor are parametrically determined to match and form multiband antennas along the co-extensive lengths thereof.
  • FIG. 1 is an elevation view of the embodiment of the present invention showing ceramic resonators mounted on the antenna element, coupled counterpoise conductor and coaxial connector.
  • FIG. 2 is an elevation view of the embodiment of the present invention with the antenna element and coupled counterpoise conductor.
  • FIG. 3 is a linear representation of the ceramic trap antenna with the various multiband arrangements and calibrations in accordance with the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates an elevation view of antenna system 10.
  • the structure includes rf input (rf feed low impedance) 12 on which antenna element 14 and coupled counterpoise conductor 16 are supported at solder points 17.
  • Ceramic resonator 18 is attached to antenna element 14.
  • ceramic resonator 20 is attached to coupled counterpoise conductor 16.
  • FIG. 2 is a detailed depiction of some of the significant structural elements of the present invention.
  • the embodiment depicts a structurally simple and yet elegantly efficient antenna system for use in the multiband antenna of the present invention.
  • RF input 12 is mounted on connector 22 and is secured thereon by screws /fasteners 23 and antenna system 10 is attached to rf input 12 thereby forming a coextensive J-pole antenna system.
  • the center 3/4 wave length element is the active (signal) rf feed input with the 1/4 wave length connected to ground plane 25.
  • the system is supported on ground plane 25 which is preferably a chassis or similar structure which would preferably give added gain.
  • antenna element 14 is preferably soldered to connector 22, which is a coaxial connector.
  • connector 22 is preferably insulated from the shield or ground by a Teflon sleeve or equivalent (not shown). It should be noted that connector 22 which is typically a feed device is not required to accomplish the intended use of the present invention. Further, ground plane 25, while it provides additional rf gain, is not a required part of the invention. J-pole antenna system 10 of the present invention is operable without connector 22 and ground plane 25.
  • FIG. 3 The essence of some of the most significant aspects of the present invention is depicted in FIG. 3. Specifically, the relative lengths of antenna element 14 and coupled counterpoise conductor 16 in addition to the placement of ceramic resonators 18 and 20 enable to passively tune frequencies across the lengths of the co-extensive J-pole antenna without mechanical adjustments. This is achieved by means of a unique calibration technique based on frequency matching about the co-extensive sections of the antenna system including the relative position of ceramic resonators 18 and 20.
  • antenna system 10 In the preferred embodiment the operation of antenna system 10 can best be understood with further and detailed reference to FIG. 3. As stated hereinabove, the calibrations of antenna element 14 relative to coupled counterpoise conductor 16, in conjunction with the positioning of ceramic resonators 18 and 20, comprise one of the most important advances of the present invention. Still referring to FIG. 3, the bottom 1/3 of antenna system 10 is used to match and provide a counterpoise for the radiating top 2/3 of antenna element 14. The radiating section of antenna system 10 is an end feed 1/2 wave dipole with the total antenna system including coupled counterpoise conductor 16 to form a J-type antenna structure. Still referring to FIG.
  • coupled counterpoise conductor 16 is a 1/4 wave matching-counterpoise structure having low impedance at unbalanced rf input 12 and high impedance at the radiating antenna end.
  • the radiating element 14 preferably operating only at one band of frequencies.
  • the present invention utilizes ceramic resonators 18 and 20 as traps to create a dielectric barrier or disconnect in coupled counterpoise conductor 16 and antenna element 14.
  • ceramic resonator 20 which is preferably a shorted 1/4 wave resonator, is placed 1/4 wave up from rf input 12.
  • ceramic resonator 20 is disconnected or opened.
  • Ceramic resonator 20 is resonate at a higher second frequency because it is resonant to the short end.
  • this arrangement promotes resonance of the matching-counterpoise, which is equal to the full length of coupled counterpoise conductor 16, at lower frequency.
  • the section above the matching counterpoise is an end feed 1/2 wave dipole.
  • the total length of the dipole antenna resonates at the lowest frequency.
  • a shorted 1/4 wave ceramic resonator 18 at a 1 /2 wave up from the radiating dipole feed point, top of matching counterpoise, the section above resonator 18 is disconnected or opened. Ceramic resonator 18 is resonate at the higher second frequency with the non-shorted end facing feed point 12. This arrangement enables the 1/2 wave dipole to resonate at the lower and higher frequencies.
  • the present invention enables multiband frequency matching using a J-pole feed antenna in conjunction with ceramic resonators.
  • a preferred embodiment is discussed and disclosed herein, any number of frequency bands could be implemented using the method and apparatus of the present invention.
  • the J-pole feed is affected via coupled counterpoise conductor 16.
  • the use and strategic placement of ceramic resonators 18 and 20 in antenna system 10 provide a unique and innovative structure in which multibands are passively tuned and closely matched to achieve proper operation on multiple frequencies.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Control Of Motors That Do Not Use Commutators (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne une antenne à pôle en J (10) dont les éléments rayonnants (14 and 16) comprennent un élément d'antenne (14) essentiellement rectiligne, un conducteur contrepoids couplé (16), un feeder HF (12) et des résonateurs diélectriques (18 and 20). L'invention permet un accord passif sans qu'il soit besoin de pièces et de mouvements mécaniques pour changer la fréquence. Les résonateurs diélectriques sont disposés stratégiquement sur l'élément d'antenne et le conducteur contrepoids couplé, de qui permet de réaliser des changements de fréquence et de disposer d'antennes multi-bandes, de préférence dans les bandes VHF et supérieures. L'invention concerne également une structure (22 and 25) conçue avantageusement pour servir de monture et de support aux composants de l'antenne en J.
PCT/US1998/004209 1997-03-05 1998-03-02 Antenne multi-bandes a filtre ceramique WO1998039814A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU65413/98A AU6541398A (en) 1997-03-05 1998-03-02 Multi-band ceramic trap antenna

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US81193497A 1997-03-05 1997-03-05
US08/811,934 1997-03-05

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1998039814A1 true WO1998039814A1 (fr) 1998-09-11

Family

ID=25207992

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/US1998/004209 WO1998039814A1 (fr) 1997-03-05 1998-03-02 Antenne multi-bandes a filtre ceramique

Country Status (2)

Country Link
AU (1) AU6541398A (fr)
WO (1) WO1998039814A1 (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7015868B2 (en) 1999-09-20 2006-03-21 Fractus, S.A. Multilevel Antennae
WO2008121381A1 (fr) * 2007-03-30 2008-10-09 Silver Spring Networks, Inc. Antenne j-pôle
US7456792B2 (en) 2004-02-26 2008-11-25 Fractus, S.A. Handset with electromagnetic bra

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3176298A (en) * 1962-06-11 1965-03-30 Walter E Nettles Attachment for antennas to reduce operating frequencies
US4644364A (en) * 1984-12-07 1987-02-17 Parks Malcolm G Method of and means for coupling a two conductor transmission line to an antenna

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3176298A (en) * 1962-06-11 1965-03-30 Walter E Nettles Attachment for antennas to reduce operating frequencies
US4644364A (en) * 1984-12-07 1987-02-17 Parks Malcolm G Method of and means for coupling a two conductor transmission line to an antenna

Cited By (17)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7505007B2 (en) 1999-09-20 2009-03-17 Fractus, S.A. Multi-level antennae
US8976069B2 (en) 1999-09-20 2015-03-10 Fractus, S.A. Multilevel antennae
US7394432B2 (en) 1999-09-20 2008-07-01 Fractus, S.A. Multilevel antenna
US7397431B2 (en) 1999-09-20 2008-07-08 Fractus, S.A. Multilevel antennae
US7015868B2 (en) 1999-09-20 2006-03-21 Fractus, S.A. Multilevel Antennae
US9362617B2 (en) 1999-09-20 2016-06-07 Fractus, S.A. Multilevel antennae
US7123208B2 (en) 1999-09-20 2006-10-17 Fractus, S.A. Multilevel antennae
US10056682B2 (en) 1999-09-20 2018-08-21 Fractus, S.A. Multilevel antennae
US9761934B2 (en) 1999-09-20 2017-09-12 Fractus, S.A. Multilevel antennae
US8941541B2 (en) 1999-09-20 2015-01-27 Fractus, S.A. Multilevel antennae
US7528782B2 (en) 1999-09-20 2009-05-05 Fractus, S.A. Multilevel antennae
US9000985B2 (en) 1999-09-20 2015-04-07 Fractus, S.A. Multilevel antennae
US9054421B2 (en) 1999-09-20 2015-06-09 Fractus, S.A. Multilevel antennae
US9240632B2 (en) 1999-09-20 2016-01-19 Fractus, S.A. Multilevel antennae
US7456792B2 (en) 2004-02-26 2008-11-25 Fractus, S.A. Handset with electromagnetic bra
WO2008121381A1 (fr) * 2007-03-30 2008-10-09 Silver Spring Networks, Inc. Antenne j-pôle
US7859477B2 (en) 2007-03-30 2010-12-28 Silver Spring Networks, Inc. J-pole antenna

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU6541398A (en) 1998-09-22

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