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WO1998037172A1 - Complementation alimentaire avec des sels de selenium derives de levure et leurs procedes de preparation - Google Patents

Complementation alimentaire avec des sels de selenium derives de levure et leurs procedes de preparation Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1998037172A1
WO1998037172A1 PCT/US1998/003218 US9803218W WO9837172A1 WO 1998037172 A1 WO1998037172 A1 WO 1998037172A1 US 9803218 W US9803218 W US 9803218W WO 9837172 A1 WO9837172 A1 WO 9837172A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
selenium
yeast
growth
mixture
step comprises
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US1998/003218
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English (en)
Inventor
Houn Simon Hsia
Ping Yang
Michael Arnold
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Viva America Marketing, Inc.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Viva America Marketing, Inc. filed Critical Viva America Marketing, Inc.
Priority to AU61759/98A priority Critical patent/AU6175998A/en
Publication of WO1998037172A1 publication Critical patent/WO1998037172A1/fr

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
    • C12N1/00—Microorganisms, e.g. protozoa; Compositions thereof; Processes of propagating, maintaining or preserving microorganisms or compositions thereof; Processes of preparing or isolating a composition containing a microorganism; Culture media therefor
    • C12N1/14—Fungi; Culture media therefor
    • C12N1/16—Yeasts; Culture media therefor
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; PREPARATION OR TREATMENT THEREOF
    • A23L33/00—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
    • A23L33/10—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof using additives
    • A23L33/14—Yeasts or derivatives thereof
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; PREPARATION OR TREATMENT THEREOF
    • A23L33/00—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
    • A23L33/10—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof using additives
    • A23L33/16—Inorganic salts, minerals or trace elements

Definitions

  • This invention relates to the field of human dietary supplements, and more specifically to improved supplements comprising organoselenium complexes derived from yeast .
  • the physiological assimilation of an adequate quantity of heavy metals is essential to human health. Failure to ingest and absorb the necessary amounts of such metals can lead to improper functioning of the body's metabolic processes, and to various diseases and disorders.
  • Nutritionally beneficial quantities for daily doses for selenium have been found to be small.
  • Nutritional selenium levels have been established by the FDA (see 21 C.F.R. 101.9(c) (8) (iv) , January 1994) .
  • the FDA has adopted Reference Daily Intakes (RDIs) of 70 micrograms for selenium.
  • Selenium dosage 600 micrograms per day has been reported as safe. [Ferris G.M. Lloyd, et al . , App . Clin. Biochem. , 26_:83-88 (1989)].
  • glutathione reductase converts selenogluthatione to hydrogen selenide in the liver and erythrocytes and is ultimately excreted.
  • the body is able to safely metabolize and excrete selenium.
  • selenium is believed to reduce the risk of certain cancers, chiefly due to its properties as a strong antioxidant.
  • Free radical antioxidant "scavengers” such as selenium are believed to react with oxidants so that the oxidants are not available to form oxidized low density lipoprotein (O- LDL) , thus lowering the risk of arterial plaque deposits in blood vessels.
  • Arterial plaque is precipitous material formed chiefly of oxidized low density lipoprotein (O-LDL) .
  • the buildup of plaque in the form of O-LDL in the arteries is understood to be a factor in ischaemic heart disease.
  • Free radical oxidants many of which come from naturally occurring sources such as sun exposure, metabolism of certain nutrients, and exercise, act to oxidize low density lipoprotein (LDL) into its deleterious form, O-LDL.
  • LDL low density lipoprotein
  • free radical "scavengers” such as selenium are believed to react with these oxidants so that they are not available to form O-LDL, thus lowering the risk of arterial plaque deposits in blood vessels.
  • high density lipoprotein (HDL) is understood to have beneficial health effects in the body.
  • HDL is understood to be a more soluble form of lipoprotein, and its presence is not known to significantly contribute to the formation of arterial plaque. Since selenium functions to reduce the levels of O-LDL and thereby increase the level of HDL in the body, it is understood to decrease the likelihood of cardiovascular disease as well.
  • 4,564,634 teaches a selenium-based nutritive composition having antineoplastic activity in which the selenium compound is used is a novel form of selenium prepared by a reaction of selenium metal with Tung oil (9, 11, 13-octadecatrienoic acid).
  • Yeast-derived forms of selenium have been shown to be the least toxic forms of selenium, and thus a preferred source of selenium composition for human consumption.
  • the selenium produced by yeast is biosynthesized, a conversion of inorganic selenium salts to an organic form via incorporation in yeast.
  • These biosynthesized selenium derivatives are better nutritive sources of selenium since they are less toxic and more easily metabolized by the mammalian system than their inorganic counterparts.
  • a method of producing selenium-enriched food yeast such as Saccharomyces cerevisiae or Candida utilis has been reported. When dried and fed to rats, these selenium- enriched yeast effectively prevent hepatic liver necrosis. [Reed et al .
  • U.S. Patent No. 4,530,846 describes a method for producing a selenium-enriched yeast that yields yeast with a moderate intracellular selenium content of about 1,000 pp .
  • the yeast produced by this method are cultivated using a procedure that involves incremental feeding of the yeast culture .
  • the present invention overcomes the shortcomings of the prior art by providing a method for producing a composition of highly active nutritional selenium, where (1) the selenium source of the compositions of the present invention is the natural form of biosynthesized selenium; (2) the biosynthesized selenium is entirely metabolizable by the human system, and is substantially free of toxic substances; and (3) the process can be carried out efficiently and meets requirements important for commercial production.
  • an object of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing biosynthesized selenium- yeast with high selenium activity and low toxicity. It is a further object of the present invention to provide a method for the production of biosynthesized selenium having high nutritional value and low toxicity.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide an improved synthetic form of nutritional selenium that is substantially similar to the naturally occurring selenium complexes found in selenium rich foods.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a form of selenium that is essentially non-toxic to the human body and, when used as a food supplement, reduces that susceptibility of the human body to chronic disorders.
  • the present invention relates to methods of cultivating yeast using selenium compounds resulting in a dried selenium-enriched yeast product with high biological activity, nutritional supplements comprising this dried yeast product, as well as uses of such dried yeast product to supplement the human diet .
  • the process for preparing the selenium-enriched yeast product that has a high intracellular content of organically bound trivalent selenium in a highly biologically active and non-toxic form comprises the steps of: (1) preparing an aqueous mixture of yeast growth nutrients (aqueous media) ;
  • Growth media that can be used in the first preparing step of present invention include 25° Brix molasses [TCT, Gold Coast] , 38° Brix molasses [TCT, Gold Coast] , glucose media, and potato dextrose broth.
  • Brix molasses with a higher sugar content e.g., 79° Brix [TCT, Gold Coast]
  • TCT, Gold Coast a higher sugar content
  • distilled water a Brix solution of lower sugar content
  • Numerous other growth media that are known to support the growth of yeast from the Saccharomyces family may be used and could be readily selected by one of skill in the art. In a preferred form, a mixture of different growth media may be used.
  • vitamins and minerals may optionally be added to the yeast growth media.
  • Such vitamins and minerals are selected from those known in the art to help sustain proper yeast growth, including but not limited to biotin, vitamin B lf vitamin B 6 , calcium pantothenoate, inositol, copper, copper sulfate, zinc, zinc sulfate, iron, and iron sulfate.
  • the second preparing step in the process for producing the selenium-enriched yeast of the present invention involves preparing a selenium solution by dissolving selenium salt in distilled water and filtering the resultant selenium solution.
  • the selenium may be in the form of an amorphous solid or an organoselenium compound.
  • sodium selenite may be used.
  • a cellulose acetate filter [Corning Scientific Co.] may be used.
  • the resultant filtered selenium solution has between about 100 ppm and 40,000 ppm selenium.
  • the first addition step involves adding the selenium solution to the yeast growth nutrients (aqueous media) to form a selenium growth mixture. Once the selenium solution is added, the selenium and media may be mixed by gentle shaking action or stirring for between about 1 and about 30 minutes .
  • the selenium growth mixture is added to live yeast cells to make a selenium yeast growth solution having selenium levels between about 100 ppm and about 20,000 ppm selenium, preferably between about 200 ppm to about 10,000 ppm, and most preferably between about 250 ppm to about 1,500 ppm of selenium.
  • the second addition step preferably involves adding the selenium growth mixture to the yeast culture incrementally.
  • This second addition step preferably takes place under a controlled pH of from about 4.2 to about 6.0, and preferably from about 4.5 to 5.3. This second addition step also preferably takes place at a temperature from about 20°C to about 35°C, and preferably about 28°C to about 32°C.
  • the yeast employed in the second addition step preferably a food grade or edible yeast, and most preferably Saccharomyces boulardii sequela PY31.
  • Other yeast which can be used include Saccharomyces Cerevisae or Saccharomyces Torula.
  • the present invention may also employ a newly isolated and purified strain of yeast, Saccharomyces boulardii sequela PY31.
  • Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Saccharomyces boulardii sequela are of the same genus, and Saccharomyces boulardii sequela is described as a synonym of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. [Barnett et al . , Yeasts: Characteristics and Identification, Cambridge Univ. Press (1990)] .
  • the novel yeast strain Saccharomyces boulardii sequela may be isolated from raw soil samples, and cultivated to yield quantities of yeast at a scale sufficient for developmental research and for production of commercial products.
  • the novel strain of yeast, Saccharomyces boulardii sequela PY31 has been deposited in an International Repository in accord with the Budapest
  • cultivating the selected yeast by growing 1 - 2 slants of the yeast for about 2 days at about 30°C and then transferring to the cultivated yeast about 100 mL of malt extract broth and then incubating at about 30°C for 8 - 10 hours, then adding to the incubated mixture about 500 mL of malt extract broth and then growing the resulting mixture at about 30°C for about 6 to about 14 hours .
  • the present invention teaches a use of this novel yeast strain, Saccharomyces boulardii sequela PY31, to prepare selenium-enriched yeast forms according to the method described herein.
  • the selenium yeast growth solution is incubated to induce yeast growth.
  • the incubation may occur with shaking or stirring at about 200 rpm for a period of about 5 hours to about 75 hours, preferably from about 15 hours to about 60 hours, and most preferably about 20 hours. This incubation occurs at a temperature of about 25°C to about 30°C, and preferably about 30°C.
  • the yeast cells are then isolated from the selenium yeast growth solution by centrifuging the selenium yeast growth solution, and isolating the yeast cells.
  • the centrifugation step may occur at about 3,900 rpm.
  • the isolated yeast cells are then washed to remove extracellular selenium.
  • the washing step may involve washing the isolated yeast cells between 2 and 20 times with aqueous solvent, such as a buffered aqueous solution that optionally contains chelating agents such as EDTA.
  • the yeast cells are pasteurized and/or dried to produce a dried yeast product.
  • the pasteurization step may occur at between about 30°C and about 110°C, preferably at about 60°C.
  • the resulting dried yeast product contains from about 300 ppm to about 6,000 ppm intracellular selenium.
  • the present invention also relates to the use of the dried selenium-enriched yeast products as dietary supplements.
  • the dried yeast product is combined as the active ingredient in intimate admixture with a suitable carrier according to conventional compounding techniques .
  • This carrier may take a wide variety of forms depending upon the form of preparation desired for administration, e.g., oral, sublingual, nasal, or parenteral .
  • any of the usual pharmaceutical media may be employed.
  • oral liquid preparations e.g., suspensions, elixirs, and solutions
  • media containing for example, water, oils, alcohols, flavoring agents, preservatives, coloring agents and the like may be used.
  • Carriers such as starches, sugars, diluents, granulating agents, lubricants, binders, disintegrating agents, and the like may be used to prepare oral solids (e.g., powders, capsules, pills, and tablets). Controlled release forms may also be used. Because of their ease in administration, tablets, pills, and capsules represent advantageous oral dosage unit forms, in which cases solid pharmaceutical carriers are obviously employed. If desired, tablets may be sugar coated or enteric coated by standard techniques .
  • the carrier will usually comprise sterile water, although other ingredients may be included, e.g., to aid solubility or for preservation purposes.
  • injectable suspensions may also be prepared, in which case appropriate liquid carriers, suspending agents, adjuvants, and the like may be employed.
  • a composition of the present invention is generally effective when parenterally administered in amounts ranging from about 1 mg of dried yeast per dose (1 dose per body weight of about 75 kg) to about 200 mg/dose of composition.
  • a preferred amount is from about 10 mg/dose to about 50 mg/dose, and most preferred at about 20 mg/dose.
  • This dosage of the composition translates to an amount of from about 1 ⁇ g/dose to about 200 ⁇ g/dose of selenium, preferably from about 10 ⁇ g/dose to about 50 ⁇ g/dose of selenium, and most preferably about 20 ⁇ g/dose of selenium.
  • the compositions of the present invention are generally effective in approximately the same amounts as the parenteral products.
  • compositions particularly well suited for formulations in tablet size for oral administration.
  • the above dosage ranges are likely to be administered at varying periods for humans, for example, from daily administration to administration at least 5 times per week. However, ultimately, the dosage regimen will depend upon the particular needs of the user.
  • a preferred dosage regimen for humans is 1 - 2 doses per day.
  • the growth medium was prepared as follows. 79° Brix molasses (1000 g) from TCT, Gold Coast was diluted to 1 L with distilled water resulting in a 32° Brix solution. Then, 4.12 g of KC1 was added, followed by 4.12 g of MgSO 4 .7H20 and then 44.4 g of NH 4 HP0 4 , and the resulting mixture was stirred to homogeneity. To this mixture was added enough water to reach a final volume of 2L, and thus a 32° Brix molasses.
  • the mixture was tested for sugar content by using a Brix refractometer [Cole-Palmer Instrument Co., RH13-32ATC] , and the final pH was adjusted to 5.0 with HCl or NaOH. This solution was then autoclaved at 105°C for 15 minutes.
  • a stock solution of sodium selenate was prepared as follows. To 300 mL of distilled water at ambient temperature was added 9.0 g of sodium selenate and the resulting mixture was kept at ambient temperature for 1 hour, then filtered through cellulose acetate membrane [Corning Scientific Co] .
  • the selenium growth mixture was prepared by adding 60 mL of the stock selenium solution to 1300 mL of 32° Brix molasses mixture (pH 5.07) and 3140 mL of water.
  • the yeast culture was prepared as follows . One slant of yeast were incubated for two days at 30°C, and then grown at 30°C in 200 mL of Malt extract, shaken at 200 rpm for 8 hrs, and then to this was added 300 mL of malt extract and the resulting mixture was incubated at 30°C overnight with shaking .
  • the yeast were cultivated as follows. 500 mL of a solution of Saccharomyces boulardii sequela PY31 was dissolved in 500 mL of distilled water and stirred at 500 rpm in a 7 L fermentation apparatus [Bioflow 2000, New
  • the resulting selenium yeast growth solution was then centrifuged at 3900 rpm for 10 minutes, and resulting yeast cream (isolated yeast cells) was washed five times with a total volume of 8 L of water.
  • the resulting yeast cells were dried at less than 80°C until a moisture content of 2-3% was obtained.
  • the selenium content of the yeast was measured using atomic absorption techniques to give a yeast mass having 1839 ppm of selenium.
  • EXAMPLE 2 The method described in Example 1 was repeated to give a dried yeast mass having a final concentration of selenium of 1849 ppm.
  • the yeast growth nutrients were prepared as follows. 25° Brix molasses (670 g) [TCT, Gold Coast] was diluted to 1 L with distilled water, then 2.72 g of KC1 was added, followed by 2.72 g of MgSO 4 .7H20 and then 29.28 g of NH 4 HP0 4 , and then enough water was added to reach a final volume of 2 L, and the resulting mixture stirred at ambient temperature until homogenous. The mixture was tested for sugar content by using a Brix refractometer [Cole-Palmer Instrument Co., RH13-32ATC], and the final pH was adjusted to 5.0. This solution was autoclaved at 105°C for 15 minutes .
  • a stock solution (3%) of sodium selenate was prepared as follows. To 300 mL of distilled water at ambient temperature was added 9.0 g of sodium selenate and the resulting mixture was stirred at ambient temperature for 1 hour. The resulting selenium solution was filtered through cellulose acetate membrane [Corning Scientific Co] .
  • the yeast culture was prepared as follows. One slant of yeast were incubated for two days at 30°C, and then grown at 30°C in 200 mL of Malt extract, shaken at 200 rpm for 8 hrs, and then to this was added 300 mL of malt extract and the resulting mixture was incubated at 30°C overnight with shaking .
  • a yeast growth mixture was prepared by adding 13.2 L of the selenium solution (3%) to 3989 mL of the 25° Brix molasses and 247 mL of water, and then stirred or shaken to homogeneity.
  • the cultivation of selenium-enriched yeast was undertaken as follows. In a 7 L fermentation apparatus [Bioflow 2000, New Brunswick] containing 70 mL of a stirred (500 rpm) yeast culture of Saccharomyces boulardii sequela PY31, 2 L of the yeast growth nutrient mixture was added over 8 hours at 30°C with stirring under an air flow of about 2 to about 5 L/min. After the addition of the yeast growth nutrient mixture, the mixture was stirred an additional 5 hours at about 500 rpm. Then, 3989 mL of 25° Brix molasses growth nutrients and 247 mL of water were added, and the resulting selenium yeast growth solution was shaken at 200 ppm for 24 hours at 30°C.
  • the resulting yeast cream isolated yeast cells was dried in vacuo and then the selenium content of the yeast was measured using atomic absorption techniques to give a yeast mass having 4857 ppm of selenium.
  • EXAMPLE 4 The method of Example 3 was repeated and yielded a final dried yeast mass having a concentration of selenium of 4945 ppm.
  • a 20% glucose media was prepared by adding 400 g of glucose, with stirring, to 2 L of distilled water, followed by addition of 43 g of urea, 20 g of Na 2 HP0 4 , 7.6 g of MgS0 4 .7H 2 0, 4.4 g of KCl , 50 g of sodium citrate, and 10 grams of yeast extract [DIFCO, Bacto] .
  • the resulting yeast growth nutrients were mixed and then autoclaved at 10 psi for 15 minutes.
  • a vitamin mixture was prepared as follows: 4 mg solid biotin, 8 mg vitamin Bl, 200 mg vitamin B6, 100 mg calcium pantothenoate, and 2 g of inositol were added to 100 mL of distilled water, and the resultant solution was stirred to homogeneity and filtered through a 25 micron cellulose acetate filter [Watman] .
  • a mineral solution was prepared as follows: 0.5 g of CuS04.5H 2 0, 8 g of ZnS0 4 .7H 2 0, and 3 g ferric sulfate
  • a yeast growth nutrient mixture was prepared by adding 20 mL of the vitamin solution and 2 mL of the mineral solution to the glucose media.
  • the yeast culture was prepared as follows. One slant of yeast were incubated for two days at 30°C, and then grown at 30°C in 200 mL of Malt extract, shaken at 200 rpm for 8 hrs, and then to this was added 300 mL of malt extract and the resulting mixture was incubated at 30°C overnight with shaking .
  • a cultivation of selenium-enriched yeast was undertaken by adding 50 mL of 3% sodium selenate solution (as described in the above examples) to 2,500 mL of the 20% yeast growth nutrient mixture. Next, 2 L of the resulting mixture was isolated and added slowly over a period of 11 hours at 31°C to a mixture of 500 mL Saccharomyces boulardii sequela PY31 (ATCC No. 74,366) and 2 L distilled water that had been mixed to homogeneity and autoclaved at 10 psi for 15 minutes. The resulting selenium yeast growth solution was then stirred at 31°C for an additional 8 hours.
  • yeast were then isolated as described in Example 1 above to yield yeast mass containing 684 ppm selenium.

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Abstract

Cette invention résout le problème lié à la nécessité d'absorber des formes non toxiques de sélénium qui est lui-même un élément essentiel de l'alimentation humaine. On présente de nouveaux produits de levure deshydratés qui contiennent du sélénium, ainsi qu'un procédé de production de ces levures déshydratées. Dans le procédé on utilise du sélénium possédant une forte activité biologique mais une faible toxicité. On décrit également des compléments alimentaires qui renferment les nouveaux produits de levure déshydratés contenant du sélénium ainsi que des procédés d'administration de ces produits et compléments en vue d'améliorer la santé humaine.
PCT/US1998/003218 1997-02-21 1998-02-18 Complementation alimentaire avec des sels de selenium derives de levure et leurs procedes de preparation WO1998037172A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU61759/98A AU6175998A (en) 1997-02-21 1998-02-18 Dietary supplementation with, and methods for preparation of yeast-derived selenium salts

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US80277397A 1997-02-21 1997-02-21
US08/802,773 1997-02-21

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WO1998037172A1 true WO1998037172A1 (fr) 1998-08-27

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PCT/US1998/003218 WO1998037172A1 (fr) 1997-02-21 1998-02-18 Complementation alimentaire avec des sels de selenium derives de levure et leurs procedes de preparation

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CN (1) CN1252835A (fr)
AU (1) AU6175998A (fr)
MY (1) MY134893A (fr)
TW (1) TW521997B (fr)
WO (1) WO1998037172A1 (fr)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2003078605A1 (fr) * 2002-03-15 2003-09-25 Pharma Nord Aps Produit levure de selenium, son procede de production et son utilisation pour preparer un produit alimentaire, un complement alimentaire ou un medicament
KR100462940B1 (ko) * 2002-05-15 2004-12-23 문기혁 셀레늄 함유 효모의 대량 제조 방법
WO2006103350A1 (fr) * 2005-03-30 2006-10-05 Lallemand Sas Preparations de levures a proprietes anti-oxydantes ameliorees et leurs applications
CN107043707A (zh) * 2016-11-30 2017-08-15 广州市瑞硒康生物科技有限公司 一种富硒蛹虫草培植方法

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1631244B (zh) * 2004-11-25 2010-11-03 吉林大学 来源于黑曲霉的有机硒及其制备方法
CN103352021A (zh) * 2013-07-26 2013-10-16 安康学院 一种获取强集硒能力酵母菌的方法
CN118546801B (zh) * 2024-07-26 2024-10-01 烟台欣和企业食品有限公司 一株布拉迪酵母菌及其应用

Citations (1)

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US4530846A (en) * 1983-02-15 1985-07-23 Universal Foods Corporation Method for the production of selenium yeast

Patent Citations (1)

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US4530846A (en) * 1983-02-15 1985-07-23 Universal Foods Corporation Method for the production of selenium yeast

Non-Patent Citations (2)

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Title
SCHRAUZER G. N., MCGINNESS J. E.: "OBSERVATIONS ON HUMAN SELENIUM SUPPLEMENTATION.", TRACE SUBSTANCES IN ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH, XX, XX, vol. 13., 1 January 1987 (1987-01-01), XX, pages 64 - 67., XP002910801 *
TALARO K., ET AL.: "FOUNDATIONS IN MICROBIOLOGY, PASSAGE.", FOUNDATIONS IN MICROBIOLOGY, XX, XX, 1 January 1993 (1993-01-01), XX, pages 281/282., XP002910802 *

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2003078605A1 (fr) * 2002-03-15 2003-09-25 Pharma Nord Aps Produit levure de selenium, son procede de production et son utilisation pour preparer un produit alimentaire, un complement alimentaire ou un medicament
CN100362091C (zh) * 2002-03-15 2008-01-16 法尔诺公司 硒酵母产物,制备硒酵母产物的方法以及所述产物在制备食品、膳食补充品或药品中的用途
KR100462940B1 (ko) * 2002-05-15 2004-12-23 문기혁 셀레늄 함유 효모의 대량 제조 방법
WO2006103350A1 (fr) * 2005-03-30 2006-10-05 Lallemand Sas Preparations de levures a proprietes anti-oxydantes ameliorees et leurs applications
FR2883884A1 (fr) * 2005-03-30 2006-10-06 Lallemand Sas Soc Par Actions Preparation de levures a proprietes anti-oxydantes ameliorees et leurs applications
CN107043707A (zh) * 2016-11-30 2017-08-15 广州市瑞硒康生物科技有限公司 一种富硒蛹虫草培植方法

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CN1252835A (zh) 2000-05-10
AU6175998A (en) 1998-09-09
MY134893A (en) 2007-12-31

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