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WO1998037040A1 - Compositions d'agent propulsif produisant des gaz - Google Patents

Compositions d'agent propulsif produisant des gaz Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1998037040A1
WO1998037040A1 PCT/US1998/002376 US9802376W WO9837040A1 WO 1998037040 A1 WO1998037040 A1 WO 1998037040A1 US 9802376 W US9802376 W US 9802376W WO 9837040 A1 WO9837040 A1 WO 9837040A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
gas generant
nitrate
metal
group
generant composition
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US1998/002376
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Norman H. Lundstrom
Original Assignee
Automotive Systems Laboratory, Inc.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Automotive Systems Laboratory, Inc. filed Critical Automotive Systems Laboratory, Inc.
Publication of WO1998037040A1 publication Critical patent/WO1998037040A1/fr

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
    • C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
    • C06B31/00—Compositions containing an inorganic nitrogen-oxygen salt
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
    • C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
    • C06B29/00—Compositions containing an inorganic oxygen-halogen salt, e.g. chlorate, perchlorate
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
    • C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
    • C06B43/00—Compositions characterised by explosive or thermic constituents not provided for in groups C06B25/00 - C06B41/00
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
    • C06D—MEANS FOR GENERATING SMOKE OR MIST; GAS-ATTACK COMPOSITIONS; GENERATION OF GAS FOR BLASTING OR PROPULSION (CHEMICAL PART)
    • C06D5/00—Generation of pressure gas, e.g. for blasting cartridges, starting cartridges, rockets
    • C06D5/06—Generation of pressure gas, e.g. for blasting cartridges, starting cartridges, rockets by reaction of two or more solids

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to nontoxic gas generating compositions which upon combustion, rapidly generate gases that are useful -for inflating occupant safety restraints in motor vehicles and specifically, the invention relates to gas generants that produce combustion products having not only acceptable toxicity levels, but that also exhibit a relatively high gas volume to solid particulate ratio at acceptable flame temperatures.
  • pyrotechnic nonazide gas generants contain ingredients such as oxidizers to provide the required oxygen for rapid combustion and reduce the quantity of toxic gases generated, a catalyst to promote the conversion of toxic oxides of carbon and nitrogen to innocuous gases, and a slag forming constituent to cause the solid and liquid products formed during and immediately after combustion to agglomerate into filterable clinker-like particulates.
  • ingredients such as oxidizers to provide the required oxygen for rapid combustion and reduce the quantity of toxic gases generated, a catalyst to promote the conversion of toxic oxides of carbon and nitrogen to innocuous gases, and a slag forming constituent to cause the solid and liquid products formed during and immediately after combustion to agglomerate into filterable clinker-like particulates.
  • Other optional additives such as burning rate enhancers or ballistic modifiers and ignition aids, are used to control the ignitability and combustion properties of the gas generant .
  • nonazide gas generant compositions One of the disadvantages of known nonazide gas generant compositions is the amount and physical nature of the solid residues formed during combustion. The solids produced as a result of combustion must be filtered and otherwise kept away from contact with the occupants of the vehicle. It is therefore highly desirable to develop compositions that produce a minimum of solid particulates while still providing adequate quantities of a nontoxic gas to inflate the safety device at a high rate .
  • nonazide gas generants provide operable amounts of gas with a minimum of solid combustion products, in many cases, the mass of gas generant required compared to the mass of gas produced is still cause for concern.
  • the volume of the inflator necessarily reflects the gas generant required to produce the gas needed to deploy the inflator. A reduction in the volume of gas generant needed would result in a desirable reduction in inflator volume thereby enhancing design flexibility.
  • compositions have been designed to reduce the volume of the gas generant charge and the inflator.
  • copending PCT Application No. PCT/US95/00029 discloses metal complexes used as gas generants. These complexes comprise a cationic metal template, an oxidizing anion to balance the charge of the complex, and a neutral ligand containing hydrogen and nitrogen.
  • the complexes are desirable because they rapidly combust or decompose producing water and gases comprised only of hydrogen, oxygen, and/or nitrogen, and furthermore, occupy a relatively smaller volume when compared to known gas generant compositions.
  • the neat metallic complexes are friction and impact sensitive, and- therefore complicate safe handling, processing, and transportation requirements.
  • U.S. Patent No. 2,220,891 describes the use of metal ammine complexes in combination with ammonium nitrate.
  • the metal ammine complexes increase the sensitiveness of the composition thereby providing high density compositions desirable in quarry blasting where it is important to secure the maximum blasting effect.
  • PCT Application No. US95/00029, WO 95/19944 describes the addition of noncarbon-containing metallic fuels and oxidizers to metal ammine complexes. The application teaches away from the production of any gases containing anything other than nitrogen, oxygen, or hydrogen.
  • the metal ammine complexes, utilized as gas generant compounds for occupant restraint airbags, are sensitive to friction and impact.
  • a gas generant for a vehicle passenger restraint system employing at least one metal ammine or metal hydrazine complex, and, at least one high nitrogen fuel.
  • the metal complex comprises a neutral nitrogen- and hydrogen containing ligand coordinated to a metal cation, and, at least one nitrate, perchlorate, nitrite, chlorate, oxalate, halide, sulfate, peroxide, oxide, or other oxidizing anion to balance the complex charge.
  • a diluent such as a nonazide fuel results in a high density and less sensitive gas generant, and relatively speaking, produces abundant amounts of water vapor and gas such as carbon dioxide, nitrogen, and oxygen when compared to prior art gas generants.
  • one or more oxidizer compounds and/or a coolant may be added to the composition to further desensitize the complex.
  • gas generants of this invention are prepared by wet, aqueous or nonaqueous, and/or wet/dry blending and compaction of the comminuted ingredients.
  • the preferred gas generant compositions comprise, in particular, at least one metal coordination complex having ammine or hydrazine ligands, a metal cationic coordinating template, and a nitrate, nitrito, nitro, perchlorate, chlorate, chlorite, chromate, oxalate, halide, sulfate, peroxide, or oxide based anion to balance the charge of the complex, wherein the complex is combined with at least one high-nitrogen low impact sensitivity fuel and if desired, one or more additional oxidizers.
  • the central metal template of the complex is selected from alkaline earth and transitional metals.
  • the metal complex generally functions as a fuel/oxidizer and comprises 30-98% by weight of the total gas generant composition.
  • examples of metal ammine complexes include, but are not limited to, hexammine cobalt (III) nitrate, Co (NH 3 ) 6 (N0 3 ) 3 ; trinitrotriamminecobalt (III), Co (NH 3 ) 3 (N0 2 ) 3 ; hexammine cobalt (III) perchlorate, Co (NH 3 ) 6 (C10 4 ) 3 ; hexammine nickel (II) nitrate, [Ni (NH 3 ) 6 (N0 3 ) 2 ; and tetramminecopper (II) nitrate, Cu(NH 3 ) 4 (N0 3 ) _ .
  • Metal hydrazine complexes include, but are not limited to, tris-hydrazine zinc nitrate, Zn (N 2 H 4 ) 3 (N0 3 ) 2 ; bis-hydrazine magnesium perchlorate, Mg(N 2 H 4 ) 2 (C10 4 ) 2 ; bis-hydrazine magnesium nitrate, Mg(N 2 H 4 ) 2 (N0 3 ) 2 ; and bis-hydrazine platinum (II) nitrite, Pt (N0 2 ) 2 (NH 2 NH 2 ) 2 .
  • Nonazide fuels are preferably incorporated, however, high nitrogen azide or metal azido complex fuels, such as sodium azide, potassium azide, lithium azide, and azido pentammine cobalt (III) nitrate, may also be utilized.
  • Nonazide fuels are selected from a group comprising azoles, tetrazoles, triazoles, and triazines; nonmetal and metal derivatives of tetrazoles, triazoles, and triazines; cyclic nitramines, linear nitramines, and caged nitramines; derivatives of guanidine, hydrazine, hydroxylamine, and ammonia; and mixtures thereof.
  • guanidine derivative fuels include, but are not limited to, guanidine nitrate, aminoguanidine nitrate, diaminoguanidine nitrate, triaminoguanidine nitrate (wetted or unwetted) , guanidine perchlorate (wetted or unwetted) , triaminoguanidine perchlorate (wetted or unwetted) , guanidine picrate, triaminoguanidine picrate, cyanoguanidine, nitroguanidine (wetted or unwetted) , and nitroaminoguanidine (wetted or unwetted) .
  • high nitrogen nonazides employed as fuels in the gas generant compositions of this invention include 2 , 4 , 6-trihydrazino-s-triazine
  • guanidine compounds such as the metal and nonmetal salts of nitroaminoguanidine, metal and nonmetal salts of nitroguanidine, metal and nonmetal derivatives or salts of cyanoguanidine; nitroguanidine nitrate, and nitroguanidine perchlorate; azoles and tetrazoles such as urazole, aminourazole, lH-tetrazole, 5-aminotetrazole, 5- nitrotetrazole, 5-nitroaminotetrazole, 5, 5 ' -bitetrazole, diguanidinium-5, 5 ' -azotetrazolate, and diammonium 5,5'- bitetrazole; triazoles such as nitrotriazole, nitroaminotriazole, 3-nitro-l, 2 , 4-triazole-5-one; tria
  • An optional oxidizer compound is selected from a group comprising alkali metal, alkaline earth metal, and nonmetallic nitrates, nitrites, perchlorates, chlorates, chlorites, chromates, oxalates, halides, sulfates, sulfides, persulfates, peroxides, and oxides; cyclic nitramines, linear nitramines, and caged nitramines of normal or fine particle size; and combinations thereof.
  • the oxidizer generally comprises 0-50% by weight of the total gas generant composition.
  • compositions of the present invention may also include some of the additives heretofore used with gas generant compositions such as slag formers, compounding aids, ignition aids, ballistic modifiers, coolants, and NOX and CO scavenging agents.
  • Ballistic modifiers influence the temperature sensitivity and rate at which the gas generant or propellant burns.
  • the ballistic modifier (s) is selected from a group comprising alkali metal, alkaline earth metal, transitional metal, organometallic, and/or ammonium, guanidine, and triaminoguanidine salts of cyanoguanidine; alkali, alkaline earth, and transition metal oxides, sulfides, halides, chelates, metallocenes, ferrocenes, chromates, dichromates, trichromates, and chromites; and/or alkali metal, alkaline earth metal, guanidine, and triaminoguanidine borohydride salts; elemental sulfur; antimony trisulfide; and/or transition metal salts of acetylacetone; either separately or in combinations thereof.
  • Ballistic modifiers are employed in concentrations from about 0 to 25% by weight of the total gas generant composition, and utilize metals selected from groups 1-14 (new IUPAC) of the periodic table.
  • a catalyst aids in reducing the formation of toxic carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides, and other toxic species.
  • a catalyst may be selected from a group comprising triazolates and/or tetrazolates; alkali, alkaline earth, and transition metal salts of tetrazoles, bitetrazoles, and triazoles; transition metal oxides; guanidine nitrate; nitroguanidine; and mixtures thereof.
  • a catalyst is employed in concentrations of 0 to 20% by weight of the total gas generant composition.
  • Suitable slag formers and coolants include lime, borosilicates, vycor glasses, bentonite clay, silica, alumina, silicates, aluminates, transition metal oxides, and mixtures thereof.
  • a slag former is employed in concentrations of 0 to 10% by weight of the total gas generant composition.
  • An ignition aid controls the temperature of ignition, and is selected from the group comprising finely divided elemental sulfur, boron, carbon black, and/or magnesium, aluminum, titanium, zirconium, or hafnium metal powders, and/or transition metal hydrides, and/or transition metal sulfides, and the hydrazine salt of 3-nitro-l, 2, 4-triazole-5- one, in combination or separately.
  • An ignition aid is employed in concentrations of 0 to 20% by weight of the total gas generant composition. Processing aids are utilized to facilitate the compounding of homogeneous mixtures.
  • Suitable processing aids include alkali, alkaline earth, and transition metal stearates; aqueous and/or nonaqueous solvents; molybdenum disulfide; graphite; boron nitride; polyethylene glycols; polypropylene carbonates; polyacetals; polyvinyl acetate; luoropolymer waxes commercially available under the trade name "Teflon” or "Viton", and silicone waxes.
  • the processing aid is employed in concentrations of 0 to 15% by weight of the total gas generant composition.
  • the various components described hereinabove for use with the metal ammine complexes of the present invention have been used in other known nonazide gas generant compositions.
  • references involving nonazide gas generant compositions describing various additives useful in the present invention include U.S. Patents No. 5,035,757; 5,084,118; 5,139,588; 4,948,439; 4,909,549; and 4,370,181, the teachings of which are herein incorporated by reference.
  • an oxidizer containing an alkaline earth metal, such as strontium may also function as a slag former, a ballistic modifier ignition aid, and a processing aid.
  • the materials may be aqueous or nonaqueous wet blended, or dry blended and attrited in a ball mill or Red Devil type paint shaker and then pelletized by compression molding.
  • the materials may also be ground separately or together in a fluid energy mill, sweco vibroenergy mill or bantam micropulverizer and then blended or further blended in a v- blender prior to compaction.
  • Multimodal particle size distribution will provide an optimum fit to ensure that the interstitial voids are filled, thereby resulting in a high density complex.
  • Compositions having components more sensitive to friction, impact, and electrostatic discharge should be wet ground separately followed by drying.
  • the resulting fine powder of each of the components may then be wet blended by tumbling with ceramic cylinders in a ball mill jar, for example, and then dried. Less sensitive components may be dry ground and dry blended at the same time.
  • the ratio of oxidizer to fuel is adjusted such that the oxygen balance is between -10.0% and +10.0% 0 2 by weight of composition as described above. More preferably, the ratio of oxidizer to fuel is adjusted such that the composition oxygen balance is between -4.0% and 1.0% 0 2 by weight of composition. Most preferably, the ratio of oxidizer to fuel is adjusted such that the composition oxygen balance is between -2.0% and 0.0% 0 2 by weight of composition.
  • the oxygen balance is the weight percent of 0 2 in the composition which is needed or liberated to form the stoichiometrically balanced products. Therefore, a negative oxygen balance represents an oxygen deficient composition whereas a positive oxygen balance represents an oxygen rich composition. It can be appreciated that the relative amounts of oxidizer and fuel will depend on the nature of the selected complex.
  • gas generant compositions of the present invention incorporate diluents that desensitize the metal ammine complexes due to a variety of physical and/or chemical parameters, such as chemical structure, hydration or water of crystallization, stoichiometry, particle size, packing, and coating.
  • the use of a substantially insensitive nonazide fuel with a metal ammine complex results in a high density, volumetrically efficient composition.
  • the monomodal particle size of the ammine complex allows formation of interstitial voids that are left vacant in a neat metal ammine complex.
  • the vacancies contribute to increased sensitivity.
  • the voids are filled with a negligible increase in volume. Filling the voids increases the density of the complex and provides more gas per gram of gas generant. As such, the gas generating properties are significantly enhanced without a corresponding increase in gas generant volume, or in solids formation upon combustion.
  • nonazide fuels decreases the sensitivity of the ammine complexes once the interstitial voids are occupied.
  • the optional oxidizers and coolants desensitize the ammine complexes in the same manner.
  • known metal ammine complex formulations as taught in WO 95/19944, utilize conventional inorganic metal fuels such as boron, magnesium, aluminum, silicon, titanium, and zirconium, and preclude the formation of gaseous carbon species upon combustion. Not only do certain of these fuels significantly increase the gas generant volume, they also result in more solids and less gas produced upon combustion. In addition, the sensitivity of the metal ammine complexes is not reduced.
  • compositions of the present invention are generally envisioned for use in conventional pyrotechnic gas inflators, for example, those referred to in U.S. Patent No, 4,369,079, incorporated herein by reference.
  • the methods of the prior art involve the use of a hermetically sealed metallic cartridge containing fuel, oxidizer, slag former, initiator and other selected additives.
  • the gas generants may also be tailored for use in hybrid inflators utilizing pressurized gases.
  • Hybrid inflator technology is based on heating a stored inert gas such as argon or helium to a desired temperature by burning a small amount of propellant.
  • Hybrid inflators that inherently operate at a lower temperature do not require cooling filters that must be used with pyrotechnic inflators to cool combustion gases.
  • the present invention is illustrated by the following examples wherein the components are quantified in weight percent of the total composition unless otherwise stated. Examples 1, 2, and 3 reflect scientific analysis based on the Naval Weapons Center Thermochemical Propellant Evaluation Program at a chamber pressure of 1000 psi and exhausting at atmospheric pressure. Values of the products in Examples 4 and 5 are obtained based on the given compositions and reactions .
  • a mixture of [Co(NH 3 ) 6 ] (N0 3 ) 3 , CH 6 N 4 0 3 , and Na(N0 3 ) is prepared as follows.
  • the components are separately ground to a fine powder by wet tumbling with ceramic cylinders in a ball mill jar.
  • the powder is then separated from the grinding cylinders, dried, and granulated to improve the flow characteristics of the material.
  • the ground components are blended in a v-blender prior to compaction. If desired, the homogeneously blended granules may then be cautiously compression molded into pellets by methods known to those skilled in the art.
  • the table below shows the chamber and exhaust flame temperatures in degrees Kelvin, the composition and quantity (in moles) of the significant chamber and exhaust compounds generated upon combustion, and the total quantity of chamber and exhaust gas in moles, generated from 100 g of the fuel composition.
  • Strontium and potassium salts also applicable in combination with sodium nitrate or separately.
  • Example 2 Hexamminecobalt III Nitrate/Guanidine Nitrate/ Sodium Nitrate/Strontium Nitrate
  • Sr(N0 3 ) 2 is prepared as in Example 1.
  • the components and percentages of the compositions of this example, as well as its combustion products and properties, are set forth in the table given in Example 1.
  • Example 3 Hexamminecobalt III Nitrate/5-Aminotetrazole/ Sodium Nitrate: [Co(NH 3 ) 6 ] (N0 3 ) 3 + CH 3 N 5 + 2 Na(N0 3 ) * ⁇ CoO + Na 2 0 + 10.5 H 2 0 + C0 2 + 8 N 2 + 1/4 0 2
  • Example 1 A mixture of [Co(NH 3 ) 6 ] (N0 3 ) 3 , CH 3 N 5 , and Na(N0 3 ) is prepared as in Example 1.
  • the components and percentages of the compositions of this example, as well as its combustion products and properties, are set forth in the table given in Example 1.
  • Example 4 Trinitrotriamminecobalt (III) /5 -aminotetrazole 7 [Co(NH 3 ) 3 (N0 2 ) 3 ] + CH 3 N 5 - 7 CoO + 33 H 2 0 + C0 2 + 47/2 N 2
  • a mixture of 95.33% [Co (NH 3 ) 3 (N0 2 ) 3 ] and 4.67% CH 3 N 5 is prepared as in Example 1.
  • the end products include 28.83% CoO (s) , 32.62% H 2 0 (v) , 2.42% C0 2 (g) , and 36.13% N 2 (g) .
  • the total weight percent of gaseous and vapor products is 71.17%.
  • the total gaseous and vapor moles/lOOg of gas generant is 3.157.
  • Example 5 Trinitrotriamminecobalt (III) /Guanidine Nitrate 4 [Co(NH 3 ) 3 (N0 2 ) 3 ] + CH 6 N 4 0 3 ⁇ 4 CoO + 21 H 2 0 + C0 2 + 14 N 2
  • a mixture of 89.05% [Co (NH 3 ) 3 (N0 2 ) 3 ] and 10.95% CH 6 N 4 0 3 is prepared as in Example 1.
  • the end products include 26.93% CoO (s) , 33.93% H 2 0 (v) , 3.95% C0 2 (g) , and 35.19% N 2 (g) .
  • the total weight percent of gaseous and vapor products is 73.07%.
  • the total gaseous and vapor moles/lOOg of gas generant is 3.232.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Feeding, Discharge, Calcimining, Fusing, And Gas-Generation Devices (AREA)
  • Air Bags (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne des compositions produisant de grandes quantités d'azote gazeux, utilisées pour gonfler des coussins de retenue de passagers, lesdites compositions contenant au moins un complexe de coordination d'amine métallique ou d'hydrazine métallique en combinaison avec au moins un combustible à haute teneur en azote, peu sensible aux impacts et à la friction. Cette combinaison permet d'obtenir des générateurs de gaz relativement plus stables et moins sensibles, générant relativement plus de gaz et moins de particules solides que les compositions connues produisant des gaz.
PCT/US1998/002376 1997-02-10 1998-02-03 Compositions d'agent propulsif produisant des gaz WO1998037040A1 (fr)

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US79741197A 1997-02-10 1997-02-10
US08/797,411 1997-02-10

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Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2000006524A1 (fr) * 1998-07-30 2000-02-10 Autoliv Development Ab Compositions generant un grand volume de gaz
EP1068165A4 (fr) * 1998-12-28 2001-04-25 Autoliv Dev Generateurs de gaz non azide presentant une productivite elevee de gaz et un taux de combustion ameliore
WO2001040143A1 (fr) * 1999-12-03 2001-06-07 Autoliv Development Ab Production de generateur de gaz
WO2001019760A3 (fr) * 1999-09-13 2001-10-18 Dynamit Nobel Gmbh Melanges gazogenes
JP2003513878A (ja) * 1999-11-09 2003-04-15 アトランティック リサーチ コーポレーション 輸送手段の占有者受動的拘束システムの低廃塵ガス発生剤および点火剤
JP2014080310A (ja) * 2012-10-15 2014-05-08 Sekisui Chem Co Ltd ガス発生材及びマイクロポンプ
CN109219539A (zh) * 2016-05-23 2019-01-15 均胜安全系统收购有限责任公司 产气组合物及其制备和使用方法
US10731062B2 (en) 2012-10-15 2020-08-04 Sekisui Chemical Co., Ltd. Gas-generating material and micropump
DE102020104119A1 (de) 2020-02-18 2021-08-19 Zf Airbag Germany Gmbh Gaserzeugende zusammensetzung und deren verwendung in einem gasgenerator

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2220891A (en) * 1939-08-09 1940-11-12 Du Pont Ammonium nitrate explosive composition
WO1995004016A1 (fr) * 1993-08-02 1995-02-09 Thiokol Corporation Compositions de production de tetrazole anhydre gazeux et procedes de preparation
WO1995019944A1 (fr) * 1994-01-19 1995-07-27 Thiokol Corporation Complexes de metaux destines a etre utilises comme generateurs de gaz
US5516377A (en) * 1994-01-10 1996-05-14 Thiokol Corporation Gas generating compositions based on salts of 5-nitraminotetrazole
US5531941A (en) * 1993-08-04 1996-07-02 Automotive Systems Laboratory, Inc Process for preparing azide-free gas generant composition
US5545272A (en) * 1995-03-03 1996-08-13 Olin Corporation Thermally stable gas generating composition

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2220891A (en) * 1939-08-09 1940-11-12 Du Pont Ammonium nitrate explosive composition
WO1995004016A1 (fr) * 1993-08-02 1995-02-09 Thiokol Corporation Compositions de production de tetrazole anhydre gazeux et procedes de preparation
US5531941A (en) * 1993-08-04 1996-07-02 Automotive Systems Laboratory, Inc Process for preparing azide-free gas generant composition
US5516377A (en) * 1994-01-10 1996-05-14 Thiokol Corporation Gas generating compositions based on salts of 5-nitraminotetrazole
WO1995019944A1 (fr) * 1994-01-19 1995-07-27 Thiokol Corporation Complexes de metaux destines a etre utilises comme generateurs de gaz
US5592812A (en) * 1994-01-19 1997-01-14 Thiokol Corporation Metal complexes for use as gas generants
US5545272A (en) * 1995-03-03 1996-08-13 Olin Corporation Thermally stable gas generating composition

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2000006524A1 (fr) * 1998-07-30 2000-02-10 Autoliv Development Ab Compositions generant un grand volume de gaz
EP1068165A4 (fr) * 1998-12-28 2001-04-25 Autoliv Dev Generateurs de gaz non azide presentant une productivite elevee de gaz et un taux de combustion ameliore
US6383318B1 (en) 1998-12-28 2002-05-07 Autoliv Asp, Inc. Burn rate-enhanced high gas yield non-azide gas generants
WO2001019760A3 (fr) * 1999-09-13 2001-10-18 Dynamit Nobel Gmbh Melanges gazogenes
JP2003513878A (ja) * 1999-11-09 2003-04-15 アトランティック リサーチ コーポレーション 輸送手段の占有者受動的拘束システムの低廃塵ガス発生剤および点火剤
EP1286936A4 (fr) * 1999-11-09 2005-03-16 Atlantic Res Corp Compositions d'allumage generatrices de gaz a faible teneur en cendres pour systemes de securite automatiques destines aux occupants d'un vehicule
JP4810040B2 (ja) * 1999-11-09 2011-11-09 アトランティック リサーチ コーポレーション 輸送手段の占有者受動的拘束システムの低廃塵ガス発生剤および点火剤
WO2001040143A1 (fr) * 1999-12-03 2001-06-07 Autoliv Development Ab Production de generateur de gaz
JP2014080310A (ja) * 2012-10-15 2014-05-08 Sekisui Chem Co Ltd ガス発生材及びマイクロポンプ
US10731062B2 (en) 2012-10-15 2020-08-04 Sekisui Chemical Co., Ltd. Gas-generating material and micropump
CN109219539A (zh) * 2016-05-23 2019-01-15 均胜安全系统收购有限责任公司 产气组合物及其制备和使用方法
DE102020104119A1 (de) 2020-02-18 2021-08-19 Zf Airbag Germany Gmbh Gaserzeugende zusammensetzung und deren verwendung in einem gasgenerator

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