+

WO1998033344A1 - Mesure de l'utilisation de telephones mobiles cellulaires - Google Patents

Mesure de l'utilisation de telephones mobiles cellulaires Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO1998033344A1
WO1998033344A1 PCT/SG1997/000003 SG9700003W WO9833344A1 WO 1998033344 A1 WO1998033344 A1 WO 1998033344A1 SG 9700003 W SG9700003 W SG 9700003W WO 9833344 A1 WO9833344 A1 WO 9833344A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
time slots
windows
mobile telephones
occupied
time
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/SG1997/000003
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Chuen Kheng Lim
Ivan Chee Hoong Chin
Aik Siang Kang
Cheng Choon Si
Original Assignee
Singapore Telecom Mobile Pte Ltd.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Singapore Telecom Mobile Pte Ltd. filed Critical Singapore Telecom Mobile Pte Ltd.
Priority to PCT/SG1997/000003 priority Critical patent/WO1998033344A1/fr
Priority to GB9917752A priority patent/GB2337182B/en
Publication of WO1998033344A1 publication Critical patent/WO1998033344A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W24/00—Supervisory, monitoring or testing arrangements
    • H04W24/08—Testing, supervising or monitoring using real traffic
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W16/00—Network planning, e.g. coverage or traffic planning tools; Network deployment, e.g. resource partitioning or cells structures
    • H04W16/18—Network planning tools

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the measurement of the usage of cellular mobile telephones and has particular application to cellular mobile telephone systems employing time division multiple access (TDMA) radio technology.
  • TDMA time division multiple access
  • hotspots Such areas of high traffic demand are termed “hotspots", and various solutions have been suggested to address the problems associated with these. For example, cell sectorisation, cell splitting, half rate coding/dual rate, dual band operation and multilayer networks, such as those incorporating icrocellular and picocellular underlays, have been suggested, since these all add capacity in such hotspots. However, only cell sectorisation and multilayer networks have the capability of providing coverage as well as capacity for hotspot areas.
  • Microcell antennas are typically installed three or four stories high. These can provide focused coverage (approximately 200 to 300 m in radius) over concentrated traffic areas such as shopping malls.
  • Such microcellular transmitters normally transmit at a much lower power and, with the use of directional antennas, enables coverage to be precisely focused on the traffic hotspots.
  • the traffic channels have to be monitored in the time domain so that all the time slots in each channel can be studied.
  • test transmitter In an existing system, a test transmitter is installed at a location, and the mobile stations within the vicinity of this transmitter are caused to register with it. A counter inside the test transmitter is thus able to count the number of mobile phones within the area.
  • this method will count all the mobile phones that are switched on, and this will give a much higher result, since not all the mobile phones that are switched on are utilising the system. Furthermore, this method causes temporary disruption to the mobile phone users.
  • TDMA time division multiple access
  • the location chosen for conducting the hotspot measurement is ideally the place where the traffic is suspected to be high and where the microcell transmitter is desired to be placed.
  • the directional antenna of the spectrum analyser should be placed at the location where the microcellular transmitter is likely to be placed. Only those channels that are in the sector are selected. This method provides a real-time measurement of the instantaneous traffic, and the result obtained from this measurement should reflect the actual traffic within the hotspot area. Based on the results obtained from hotspot measurements at different locations, a decision can be made as to which is the ideal location to install the microcell transmitter.
  • the hotspot measurement enables the network operator to determine the traffic usage within a specific area.
  • FDMA frequency division multiple access
  • TDMA time division multiple access
  • Figure 2 illustrates the counting of occupied time slots using three windows
  • Figures 3 to 5 illustrate situations arising which require repeated counting using additional windows
  • Figure 6 is a graph of percentage occupancy vs. time.
  • FIGS. 7 to 10 are flowcharts illustrating the methods of determining occupancy in accordance with preferred embodiments of the present invention.
  • a spectrum analyser and a portable computer are used.
  • the spectrum analyser is used to receive signals transmitted by all the mobile phones within the specific area, and the portable computer is used to store the data from the spectrum analyser.
  • the measurement process is divided into two parts, namely the collection of data and the processing of the data.
  • the data collection is conducted at the location where the traffic is suspected to be high.
  • the collection of data is performed automatically by the software which remotely controls the spectrum analyser and transfers the data to the computer via a serial interfacing cable, such as RS 232 standard cable.
  • the spectrum analyser is set to zero frequency span (i.e. to operate in the time domain).
  • the processing involves studying the time slots of each channel.
  • the computation of traffic usage can be performed by considering the users in all of the channels.
  • the hotspot detector works by considering the signal strength received by the spectrum analyser. If a mobile phone station is far away from the receiver antenna of the spectrum analyser, then the received signal will be weak (due to path loss) . Similarly, if a mobile station is near to the antenna of the spectrum analyser, the signal will be high. However, if the line of sight of the mobile phone and the base transmitter is blocked, the mobile phone will be controlled to transmit at a higher power by the base station.
  • the signal strength transmitted by the base transmitter would be the same irrespective of the distance between the mobile phone and the spectrum analyser, as the transmitted location is fixed with respect to the antenna of the spectrum analyser. In this way, it is impossible to estimate the distance of the mobile phone users from the spectrum analyser. This arises from the fact that, at present, the mobile phone has power control whereas the base transmitter does not.
  • the sweep time of the spectrum analyser is set to 50 ms by the software. This value is chosen as being particularly advantageous, and, with this sweep time, the spectrum analyser is able to capture approximately 10 TDMA frames (one TDMA frame has 8 time slots) in one sweep. These 10 TDMA frames are just sufficient for determining the number of users (or number of time slots) in a particular channel. If the spectrum analyser is set at a much higher sweep time, more TDMA frames can be captured, but the resolution may not be sufficient to determine the number of users (or the number of time slots) . As the spectrum analyser used has a resolution of 700 data points in the x axis.
  • This window has a fixed width of 8 time slots, i.e. one TDMA frame.
  • the window is formed by detecting rising edges of the signal (see Figure 1) .
  • the magnitude of a data point must be at least 10 points (in ASCII value) greater than the previous data point.
  • the data point must be greater than the specified threshold level.
  • the above conditions ensure that the rising edge detected is not due to fluctuation of noise present in the signal.
  • the threshold level which is set by the user, is expressed in dbm or a normalised value.
  • the data collected is in terms of an ASCII value. Therefore, a conversion is required, and the following two formulas are used to convert the threshold level from dbm or the normalised value to the ASCII value respectively.
  • ASCII value noise base + (maximum value - noise base) x (normalised input)
  • N occ is the number of occupied time slots and N ⁇ o ⁇ the total number of data points having a magnitude above the threshold level.
  • second and third windows are formed directly next to one another (see Figure 2) , and the numbers of occupied time slots in these windows are also determined. A comparison is then made between the numbers of occupied time slots counted in these three windows. The number of occupied time slots occurring in two or three of the windows is taken as the actual number of occupied time slots (i.e. the number of mobile phone users) at that instant. If the three windows have three different numbers of occupied time slots (see Figure 3) , or the actual number of occupied time slots computed is not the highest of the three (see Figure 4) , then another three windows will be formed using the same method.
  • the purpose of adopting the above method for determining the number of time slots is to ensure accuracy of the result. This is because the software is unable to identify the time slot number. ' This means that the first window may be formed in any one of the time slots. For example, if the window is in time slot 2 of a TDMA frame, then it will end in time slot 1 of the next TDMA frame. Therefore, even if the user is occupying time slot 5 of a TDMA frame, the window is able to "capture" it as time slot 3, with respect to the window formed. The actual time slot number is not significant and plays no part in the analysis.
  • time slots 0 and 1 are unoccupied most of the time unless some control signal is being transmitted by a mobile phone due to call initialisation. This is because additional control signals may be captured in the time slot 0 of the TDMA frames. In this case, the time slot computation is different.
  • the first rising edge is detected using the above method. From this first rising edge, a window of one TDMA frame size is formed. A check is made to ensure that there are sufficient data points to form the window. This process is repeated until no more windows can be formed.
  • the number of occupied time slots for each window is determined as discussed above.
  • the time slot occupation numbers are then compared in order to determine the actual number of occupied time slots for the Broadcast Control Channel.
  • the comparison is effected by first storing all the time slots of the windows in an array. Next, a comparison is made to determine the highest number of time slot occurrence. The numbers of time slots that are greater than 4, and which occur the most often, will be taken to be the actual number of occupied time slots for the Broadcast Control Channel. In case the number of occupied time slots computed is greater than 6, then the number of occupied time slots is taken to be 6.
  • Channel occupancy refers to the total number of users in all the channels at any time. This is an important parameter for the network operator, since its permits determination of the period with the highest instantaneous traffic.
  • the channel occupancy is calculated by adding all the occupied time slots in all the channels that are being monitored. However, this value will not give the exact instantaneous traffic for all of the channels, because of hardware limitations.
  • the process of transferring the data from the spectrum analyser to the computer, such as a laptop computer, and storing it on the hard disc requires approximately 2.6s. Thus a total of (2.6 x n)s is required to scan through n channels. Therefore, the results obtained using the above processes, as illustrated in Figure 6, may not reflect the instantaneous traffic of all the channels.
  • Traffic intensity is a dimensionless ratio used for determining the congestion or occupancy of a unit. It is measured in erlangs (E) .
  • E erlangs
  • the average traffic that is the amount of traffic per unit time, can be defined as:
  • the spectrum analyser required h seconds to scan and transfer data to the hard disc of the computer, then it will take the spectrum analyser 4 x h seconds to scan through all the channels and return to the same channel. Therefore, in the previous example, the fiver users will be assumed to continue their calls for 4 x h users will be assumed to continue their calls for 4 x h seconds. Similarly, the next two users will be assumed to continue their calls for 4 x h seconds.
  • the amount of traffic for the period T is equal to the total number of users per channel multiplied by the number of channels being monitored multiplied by h, where h is the time required for scanning through all the channels that are being monitored, and
  • a major advantage of this measuring technique is that the result obtained reflects the actual traffic usage within a specific location.
  • This hotspot measurement is required to be conducted only once for a given location, and the size of the hotspot area can be varied simply by changing the threshold level.
  • different traffic usage can be analysed by conducting only one measurement for each location.
  • this hotspot measurement does not require any sophisticated or bulky equipment. All that is required is a conventional spectrum analyser and a portable computer. Furthermore, there is no disruption to the system during the measurement.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)

Abstract

L'utilisation de téléphones mobiles dans une zone spécifique est mesurée, pour permettre l'identification d'un point chaud potentiel en vue de l'installation d'un émetteur microcellulaire. La mesure se ce point chaud est applicable aux systèmes de communications cellulaires numériques utilisant la technologie de l'accès multiple par répartition dans le temps. Les mesures du point chaud sont effectuées en temps réel, et les signaux transmis par tous les téléphones mobiles dans une zone spécifique sont reçus par un analyseur de spectre. Cet analyseur de spectre est réglé sur un étalement de fréquence égal à zéro, pour que les signaux soient captés dans le domaine temporel. L'analyse des données est effectuée après le recueillement des données, afin de ne pas réduire la vitesse du processus de recueillement des données. Ce procédé fournit une mesure plus réaliste, dès lors que seuls les utilisateurs de téléphones mobiles qui utilisent le système sont considérés. En faisant varier le niveau seuil, on peut déterminer le nombre d'utilisateurs de téléphones mobiles dans des zones de grandeurs différentes.
PCT/SG1997/000003 1997-01-28 1997-01-28 Mesure de l'utilisation de telephones mobiles cellulaires WO1998033344A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/SG1997/000003 WO1998033344A1 (fr) 1997-01-28 1997-01-28 Mesure de l'utilisation de telephones mobiles cellulaires
GB9917752A GB2337182B (en) 1997-01-28 1997-01-28 Measuring usage of cellular mobile telephones

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/SG1997/000003 WO1998033344A1 (fr) 1997-01-28 1997-01-28 Mesure de l'utilisation de telephones mobiles cellulaires

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1998033344A1 true WO1998033344A1 (fr) 1998-07-30

Family

ID=20429559

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/SG1997/000003 WO1998033344A1 (fr) 1997-01-28 1997-01-28 Mesure de l'utilisation de telephones mobiles cellulaires

Country Status (2)

Country Link
GB (1) GB2337182B (fr)
WO (1) WO1998033344A1 (fr)

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2000056098A1 (fr) * 1999-03-17 2000-09-21 Telephia, Inc. Systeme et procede permettant de collecter des donnees a partir de reseaux de radiocommunication
WO2001091495A1 (fr) * 2000-05-19 2001-11-29 Telefonaktiebolaget L M Ericsson (Publ) Procede d'estimation de la charge d'une voie dans une cellule de systeme de telecommunications mobiles
US6516189B1 (en) 1999-03-17 2003-02-04 Telephia, Inc. System and method for gathering data from wireless communications networks
CN100459771C (zh) * 2006-07-05 2009-02-04 南京东大宽带通信技术有限公司 一种实时的gsm小区用户量检测方法及装置
CN101119569B (zh) * 2007-08-28 2010-09-15 南京创嵘盛信息技术有限公司 一种用于实现蜂窝小区用户量准确统计的方法及其装置
US9331892B2 (en) 2009-03-09 2016-05-03 The Nielsen Company (Us), Llc System and method for automatic sub-panel creation and management
US9992729B2 (en) 2012-10-22 2018-06-05 The Nielsen Company (Us), Llc Systems and methods for wirelessly modifying detection characteristics of portable devices

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5303262A (en) * 1992-02-21 1994-04-12 Hewlett-Packard Company Method and apparatus for triggering measurements from a TDMA signal
DE4413484A1 (de) * 1994-04-19 1995-10-26 Rohde & Schwarz Verfahren zum Bestimmen des Zusammenhanges zwischen der Frequenzbelegung und der übertragbaren Informationsmenge eines Mobilfunknetzes
WO1996031988A1 (fr) * 1995-04-03 1996-10-10 Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson (Publ) Testeur d'emetteur-recepteur pour systeme cellulaire de radiotelephonie
WO1996035305A1 (fr) * 1995-05-03 1996-11-07 Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson (Publ) Emetteur/recepteur de test pour la planification de cellules

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5303262A (en) * 1992-02-21 1994-04-12 Hewlett-Packard Company Method and apparatus for triggering measurements from a TDMA signal
DE4413484A1 (de) * 1994-04-19 1995-10-26 Rohde & Schwarz Verfahren zum Bestimmen des Zusammenhanges zwischen der Frequenzbelegung und der übertragbaren Informationsmenge eines Mobilfunknetzes
WO1996031988A1 (fr) * 1995-04-03 1996-10-10 Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson (Publ) Testeur d'emetteur-recepteur pour systeme cellulaire de radiotelephonie
WO1996035305A1 (fr) * 1995-05-03 1996-11-07 Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson (Publ) Emetteur/recepteur de test pour la planification de cellules

Non-Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
KAM C: "MOBILFUNK HF-MESSUNGEN AN GSM-SENDERN", FUNKSCHAU, vol. 62, no. 23, 2 November 1990 (1990-11-02), pages 54, 55, 58, 59, XP000170666 *
RASINGER J ET AL: "A RECEIVER FOR THE REGISTRATION OF MOBILE COMMUNICATIONS TRAFFIC", VEHICULAR TECHNOLOGY CONFERENCE, ORLANDO, MAY 6 - 9, 1990, no. CONF. 40, 6 May 1990 (1990-05-06), INSTITUTE OF ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS, pages 675 - 679, XP000204192 *

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2000056098A1 (fr) * 1999-03-17 2000-09-21 Telephia, Inc. Systeme et procede permettant de collecter des donnees a partir de reseaux de radiocommunication
US6516189B1 (en) 1999-03-17 2003-02-04 Telephia, Inc. System and method for gathering data from wireless communications networks
US6788926B1 (en) 1999-03-17 2004-09-07 Telephia, Inc. System and method for gathering data from wireless communications networks
US7013136B2 (en) 1999-03-17 2006-03-14 Telephia, Inc. System and method for gathering data from wireless communications networks
WO2001091495A1 (fr) * 2000-05-19 2001-11-29 Telefonaktiebolaget L M Ericsson (Publ) Procede d'estimation de la charge d'une voie dans une cellule de systeme de telecommunications mobiles
CN100459771C (zh) * 2006-07-05 2009-02-04 南京东大宽带通信技术有限公司 一种实时的gsm小区用户量检测方法及装置
CN101119569B (zh) * 2007-08-28 2010-09-15 南京创嵘盛信息技术有限公司 一种用于实现蜂窝小区用户量准确统计的方法及其装置
US9331892B2 (en) 2009-03-09 2016-05-03 The Nielsen Company (Us), Llc System and method for automatic sub-panel creation and management
US9992729B2 (en) 2012-10-22 2018-06-05 The Nielsen Company (Us), Llc Systems and methods for wirelessly modifying detection characteristics of portable devices
US10631231B2 (en) 2012-10-22 2020-04-21 The Nielsen Company (Us), Llc Systems and methods for wirelessly modifying detection characteristics of portable devices
US11064423B2 (en) 2012-10-22 2021-07-13 The Nielsen Company (Us), Llc Systems and methods for wirelessly modifying detection characteristics of portable devices
US11825401B2 (en) 2012-10-22 2023-11-21 The Nielsen Company (Us), Llc Systems and methods for wirelessly modifying detection characteristics of portable devices

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB2337182B (en) 2001-06-06
GB9917752D0 (en) 1999-09-29
GB2337182A (en) 1999-11-10

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US8233907B1 (en) System and method for constructing a carrier to interference matrix based on subscriber calls
JP3734919B2 (ja) 無線通信システムにおける編成パラメータを決定するための方法
EP0824839B1 (fr) Emetteur/recepteur de test pour la planification de cellules
US7853267B2 (en) Wireless system signal propagation collection and analysis
CA2316201C (fr) Systeme de communication avec des stations de base ayant les capacites de mener des tests
JP4477238B2 (ja) 移動通信ための方法およびシステム
US9756518B1 (en) Method and apparatus for detecting a traffic suppression turning point in a cellular network
US20040038687A1 (en) Monitoring network performance using individual cell phone location and performance information
WO1993015569A1 (fr) Systeme de commande automatique pour telephones cellulaires
US6253065B1 (en) Wireless communications network planning
US20080139196A1 (en) Method and apparatus to separate coverage limited and co-channel limited interferences
JP7537492B2 (ja) 干渉検出装置、無線基地局、干渉検出方法、及びプログラム
WO2003084267A1 (fr) Evaluation de repartition du trafic dans un reseau de communication mobile
Dogan-Tusha et al. Evaluating the interference potential in 6 GHz: An extensive measurement campaign of a dense indoor Wi-Fi 6E network
CN103581990B (zh) 一种确定直放站吸收话务量的方法及装置
US6507742B1 (en) Automatic color code (SAT) assignment method used in frequency planning for wireless networks
WO1998033344A1 (fr) Mesure de l'utilisation de telephones mobiles cellulaires
JPH08237729A (ja) 移動通信システムの基地局における干渉状態監視方法
Isabona Maximising coverage and capacity with QoS Guarantee in GSM network by means of cell cluster optimization
CN100450258C (zh) 用于确定蜂窝通信系统的小区间干扰关系的方法和设备
JP7578136B2 (ja) 干渉検出装置、無線基地局、干渉検出方法、及びプログラム
EP0781066A2 (fr) Surveillance du fonctionnement des canaux dans un réseau de communication cellulaire
JP7464110B2 (ja) 干渉検出装置、無線基地局、干渉検出方法、及びプログラム
JP7578135B2 (ja) 無線基地局、方法、及びプログラム
JP7409482B2 (ja) 干渉検出装置、無線基地局、干渉検出方法、及びプログラム

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
AK Designated states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): GB SG

DFPE Request for preliminary examination filed prior to expiration of 19th month from priority date (pct application filed before 20040101)
ENP Entry into the national phase

Ref country code: GB

Ref document number: 9917752

Kind code of ref document: A

Format of ref document f/p: F

点击 这是indexloc提供的php浏览器服务，不要输入任何密码和下载