WO1998033224A1 - Brennstoffzelle und verwendung von legierungen auf der basis von eisen für die konstruktion von brennstoffzellen - Google Patents
Brennstoffzelle und verwendung von legierungen auf der basis von eisen für die konstruktion von brennstoffzellen Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1998033224A1 WO1998033224A1 PCT/DE1998/000027 DE9800027W WO9833224A1 WO 1998033224 A1 WO1998033224 A1 WO 1998033224A1 DE 9800027 W DE9800027 W DE 9800027W WO 9833224 A1 WO9833224 A1 WO 9833224A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- weight
- content
- fuel cell
- alloy
- iron
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 6
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 25
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 title claims description 25
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title abstract description 25
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 title abstract description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000010955 niobium Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003856 thermoforming Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000013585 weight reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NRTOMJZYCJJWKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium nitride Chemical compound [Ti]#N NRTOMJZYCJJWKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000788 chromium alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001940 conductive polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004035 construction material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004049 embossing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000623 nickel–chromium alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium atom Chemical compound [Nb] GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002161 passivation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005518 polymer electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012429 reaction media Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001256 stainless steel alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tantalum atom Chemical compound [Ta] GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/58—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with more than 1.5% by weight of manganese
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/001—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing N
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/44—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with molybdenum or tungsten
Definitions
- the invention relates to a fuel cell which comprises a membrane electrode assembly, two current collectors and / or a cell frame or a bipolar plate, at least one solid structural part being distinguished by the low weight and high corrosion resistance of the material used.
- EP 0 629 015 A1 discloses the following alloys or metals as materials for bipolar or collector plates: aluminum, titanium or alloys thereof, zirconium, niobium, tantalum or in turn alloys from one of these five elements. Furthermore, it is disclosed there that these elements can be passivated by protective electrically insulating oxides and that, as an alternative to the metals mentioned above, the plates can also be made of more corrosion-resistant materials such as graphite, high-alloy, stainless steel or nickel-chromium alloys. However, more precise information about the composition of well-suited alloys from these metals is not yet known. For mass production, the carbon materials are too heavy and too expensive to manufacture cell frames, current collectors and / or bipolar plates, etc. The metals in turn are too susceptible to corrosion and, because of their passivation due to the formation of an oxide layer, have too high losses during the transport of electricity within the fuel cell .
- the object of the present invention is therefore to provide a fuel cell suitable for mass production, in which the collector plates and / or cell frames and / or other structural parts of the fuel cell are made of a material which
- thermoforming quality
- the invention relates to a fuel cell which comprises a membrane electrode assembly, two current collectors and / or a cell frame and / or a bipolar plate, the material at least one of the solid structural parts being made of an Fe-based material which is made of the alloys with the following Compositions is selected:
- Fe is basically the main constituent of the alloy used according to the invention, the designation main constituent not being definable via percentages, but being seen relative to the other constituents.
- the present invention also relates to the use of an iron-based alloy with one of the abovementioned compositions in the construction of a fuel cell.
- the Fe-based material for the current collectors and / or the cell frame and / or the bipolar plate is preferably selected from the following alloys:
- the Fe-based material for the at least one solid structural part is selected from an alloy whose effective sum is> 26.9 and particularly preferably one whose effective sum is> 30.
- the Fe base material is additionally surface-treated in order to reduce the contact resistance.
- One possibility of such surface treatments is gilding or treatment e.g. with titanium nitride.
- the surface treatment can also be achieved by coating with conductive polymer plastics. In principle, all known surface treatments for reducing the contact resistance can be used here with the same or improved corrosion resistance.
- a “solid structural part” is understood to mean, for example, cell frames, current collectors and / or collector, bipolar, end and / or pole plates or another structural part, such as a frame element, etc., which is expediently obtained from a material that is dimensionally stable under normal conditions
- These can be angular, round, tubular and other structural parts, which in turn can have any embossed or otherwise formed surface structures, in which either cooling medium or reaction medium then flows or into which the membrane electrode unit flows is clamped in.
- a density element In practice, an axial channel or a tie rod or part of an axial channel or a tie rod can also be obtained from the material used according to the invention.
- any further construction material of a fuel cell can be selected from the alloys mentioned according to the invention.
- Fe-based materials have a small thickness of 20 to 300 ⁇ m, preferably 50 to 200 ⁇ m and particularly preferably approximately 100 ⁇ m. Under certain circumstances, completely different thicknesses of the plate may be appropriate for use as pole or end plates or other applications. Depending on the solid structural part for which the alloy is used according to the invention, the weight reduction of the fuel cell achieved by the invention naturally increases with the thickness of the part.
- pole plates and the end plates and the frame elements can be obtained from the materials in the fuel cells described in the abovementioned patent, which results in a significant weight reduction compared to the prior art.
- the invention is described below with reference to alloys used with preference:
- Alloy 1.4565 content of C 0 - 0.03% by weight content of Cr 23.0 - 25.0% by weight content of Mo 3.5 - 4.5% by weight content of Ni 16.0 - 18.0% by weight of Mn 5.0 - 6.5% by weight Content of N 0.4 - 0.5% by weight content of Nb 0 - 0.10% by weight content of Fe missing remainder to 100% by weight
- the materials mentioned according to the invention Lien also have a comparatively high corrosion resistance even when the plates and / or the frame elements come into direct contact with the acidic electrolyte. In addition, they have a good thermoforming quality and are therefore easy to form. Finally, they have a low contact resistance, which can be further optimized by appropriate surface treatment.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
- Inert Electrodes (AREA)
- Other Surface Treatments For Metallic Materials (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (8)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP98904005A EP0963615B1 (de) | 1997-01-22 | 1998-01-07 | Brennstoffzelle und verwendung von legierungen auf der basis von eisen für die konstruktion von brennstoffzellen |
US09/341,938 US6300001B1 (en) | 1997-01-22 | 1998-01-07 | Fuel cell and use of iron-based alloys for the construction of fuel cells |
DE59808983T DE59808983D1 (de) | 1997-01-22 | 1998-01-07 | Brennstoffzelle und verwendung von legierungen auf der basis von eisen für die konstruktion von brennstoffzellen |
CA002278490A CA2278490C (en) | 1997-01-22 | 1998-01-07 | Fuel cell and use of iron-based alloys in the construction of fuel cells |
JP53146998A JP2001508589A (ja) | 1997-01-22 | 1998-01-07 | 燃料電池および燃料電池を構成させるための鉄をベースとする合金の使用 |
DK98904005T DK0963615T3 (da) | 1997-01-22 | 1998-01-07 | Brændselscelle og anvendelse af jern-baserede legeringer til konstruktion af brændselsceller |
AT98904005T ATE244933T1 (de) | 1997-01-22 | 1998-01-07 | Brennstoffzelle und verwendung von legierungen auf der basis von eisen für die konstruktion von brennstoffzellen |
NO992738A NO992738D0 (no) | 1997-01-22 | 1999-06-04 | Brennstoffcelle og anvendelse av jernbaserte legeringer for konstruksjon av brennstoffceller |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19702119 | 1997-01-22 | ||
DE19702119.0 | 1997-01-22 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO1998033224A1 true WO1998033224A1 (de) | 1998-07-30 |
Family
ID=7818016
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/DE1998/000027 WO1998033224A1 (de) | 1997-01-22 | 1998-01-07 | Brennstoffzelle und verwendung von legierungen auf der basis von eisen für die konstruktion von brennstoffzellen |
Country Status (10)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6300001B1 (de) |
EP (1) | EP0963615B1 (de) |
JP (1) | JP2001508589A (de) |
AT (1) | ATE244933T1 (de) |
CA (1) | CA2278490C (de) |
DE (1) | DE59808983D1 (de) |
DK (1) | DK0963615T3 (de) |
ES (1) | ES2203926T3 (de) |
NO (1) | NO992738D0 (de) |
WO (1) | WO1998033224A1 (de) |
Cited By (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1032063A1 (de) * | 1999-02-25 | 2000-08-30 | Wilson Greatbatch Ltd. | Legierungen auf Kobalt-Basis zur Verwendung als Stromkollektoren von Positivelektrode in nichtwässrigen elektrochemischen Zellen |
JP2001243962A (ja) * | 2000-02-28 | 2001-09-07 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | 高分子電解質型燃料電池 |
WO2002015311A3 (de) * | 2000-08-14 | 2002-05-10 | Basf Ag | Bipolarplatte für pem-brennstoffzellen |
DE10057071A1 (de) * | 2000-11-17 | 2002-05-29 | Siemens Ag | Brennstoffzellenanlage |
EP1263999A4 (de) * | 2000-03-15 | 2003-04-16 | Huntington Alloys Corp | Korrosionsbeständige austenitische legierung |
WO2005034262A3 (en) * | 2003-08-25 | 2006-03-16 | Gas Technology Inst | Low cost metal bipolar plates and current collectors for polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells |
US7150846B2 (en) | 2002-12-23 | 2006-12-19 | Basf Aktiengesellschaft | Bipolar plate and method of fabricating it |
EP1873852A1 (de) * | 2006-06-30 | 2008-01-02 | L'AIR LIQUIDE, Société Anonyme pour l'Etude et l'Exploitation des Procédés Georges Claude | Leiterplatten für Brennstoffzellebauteile |
US7629070B2 (en) | 2002-09-19 | 2009-12-08 | Basf Future Business Gmbh | Bipolar plate for PEM fuel cells |
EP2460904A3 (de) * | 2010-12-03 | 2012-11-28 | Bayerische Motoren Werke AG | Austenitischer Stahl für die Wasserstofftechnik |
Families Citing this family (14)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2000164225A (ja) * | 1998-11-25 | 2000-06-16 | Toshiba Corp | 固体高分子電解質型燃料電池のセパレータおよびその製造方法 |
US20050003259A1 (en) * | 1999-03-29 | 2005-01-06 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Component such as a cell frame and/or a pole plate for a PEM fuel cell with a reduced contact resistance, and method for reducing the contact resistance |
US6723462B2 (en) | 2001-04-06 | 2004-04-20 | Gas Technology Institute | Low cost metal bipolar plates and current collectors for polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells |
US6641780B2 (en) * | 2001-11-30 | 2003-11-04 | Ati Properties Inc. | Ferritic stainless steel having high temperature creep resistance |
DE10261482A1 (de) * | 2002-12-23 | 2004-07-01 | Basf Ag | Brennstoffzellenmodul |
SE527933C2 (sv) * | 2004-05-19 | 2006-07-11 | Sandvik Intellectual Property | Värmebeständigt stål |
RU2280926C2 (ru) * | 2004-06-24 | 2006-07-27 | Федеральное государственное унитарное предприятие "Российский Федеральный ядерный центр - Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт экспериментальной физики" - ФГУП "РФЯЦ-ВНИИЭФ" | Высокотемпературный топливный элемент с твердым электролитом |
SE528008C2 (sv) * | 2004-12-28 | 2006-08-01 | Outokumpu Stainless Ab | Austenitiskt rostfritt stål och stålprodukt |
US20070122304A1 (en) * | 2005-11-28 | 2007-05-31 | Ramasesha Sheela K | Alloys for intermediate temperature applications, methods for maufacturing thereof and articles comprising the same |
JP5120799B2 (ja) * | 2007-01-26 | 2013-01-16 | 独立行政法人物質・材料研究機構 | 固体高分子型形燃料電池のセパレータとそれに用いるステンレス鋼の製造方法 |
CN101694879B (zh) * | 2009-10-22 | 2011-08-10 | 大连海事大学 | 含Mo氮化物表面改性燃料电池不锈钢双极板及制造方法 |
CN101859904B (zh) * | 2010-06-22 | 2012-07-04 | 武汉理工大学 | Fe-Ni-Cr合金燃料电池双极板的制作方法 |
JP2014515436A (ja) | 2011-05-26 | 2014-06-30 | ユナイテッド・パイプラインズ・アジア・パシフィック・プライベイト・リミテッド | オーステナイト系ステンレス鋼 |
DE102018133255A1 (de) * | 2018-12-20 | 2020-06-25 | Voestalpine Böhler Edelstahl Gmbh & Co Kg | Superaustenitischer Werkstoff |
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JPH06264193A (ja) * | 1993-03-12 | 1994-09-20 | Sumitomo Metal Ind Ltd | 固体電解質型燃料電池用金属材料 |
EP0629015A1 (de) | 1993-04-30 | 1994-12-14 | De Nora Permelec S.P.A. | Elektrochemische Zelle mit Ionen-Austauchmembranen und metallischen bipolaren Platten |
US5399438A (en) | 1992-09-14 | 1995-03-21 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba | Stainless steel member and method of manufacturing stainless steel member |
DE4442285C1 (de) | 1994-11-28 | 1996-02-08 | Siemens Ag | Brennstoffzellen und daraus bestehende Brennstoffzellenbatterien |
DE4443688C1 (de) | 1994-12-08 | 1996-03-28 | Mtu Friedrichshafen Gmbh | Bipolarplatte für Brennstoffzellen |
US5565167A (en) * | 1993-11-09 | 1996-10-15 | Nisshin Steel Co., Ltd. | Stainless steel excellent in fused-salt corrosion resistance and method of producing the same |
EP0820077A2 (de) | 1996-07-19 | 1998-01-21 | DORNIER GmbH | Bipolare Elektroden-Elektrolyt-Einheit |
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-
1998
- 1998-01-07 JP JP53146998A patent/JP2001508589A/ja active Pending
- 1998-01-07 WO PCT/DE1998/000027 patent/WO1998033224A1/de active IP Right Grant
- 1998-01-07 CA CA002278490A patent/CA2278490C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1998-01-07 EP EP98904005A patent/EP0963615B1/de not_active Revoked
- 1998-01-07 DK DK98904005T patent/DK0963615T3/da active
- 1998-01-07 US US09/341,938 patent/US6300001B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1998-01-07 AT AT98904005T patent/ATE244933T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1998-01-07 ES ES98904005T patent/ES2203926T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-01-07 DE DE59808983T patent/DE59808983D1/de not_active Revoked
-
1999
- 1999-06-04 NO NO992738A patent/NO992738D0/no not_active Application Discontinuation
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EP0629015A1 (de) | 1993-04-30 | 1994-12-14 | De Nora Permelec S.P.A. | Elektrochemische Zelle mit Ionen-Austauchmembranen und metallischen bipolaren Platten |
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DE4442285C1 (de) | 1994-11-28 | 1996-02-08 | Siemens Ag | Brennstoffzellen und daraus bestehende Brennstoffzellenbatterien |
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Cited By (16)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1032063A1 (de) * | 1999-02-25 | 2000-08-30 | Wilson Greatbatch Ltd. | Legierungen auf Kobalt-Basis zur Verwendung als Stromkollektoren von Positivelektrode in nichtwässrigen elektrochemischen Zellen |
US6306544B1 (en) | 1999-02-25 | 2001-10-23 | Wilson Greatbatch Ltd. | Cobalt-based alloys as positive electrode current collectors in nonaqueous electrochemical cells |
JP2001243962A (ja) * | 2000-02-28 | 2001-09-07 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | 高分子電解質型燃料電池 |
JP4604302B2 (ja) * | 2000-02-28 | 2011-01-05 | パナソニック株式会社 | 高分子電解質型燃料電池 |
EP1263999A4 (de) * | 2000-03-15 | 2003-04-16 | Huntington Alloys Corp | Korrosionsbeständige austenitische legierung |
US6918967B2 (en) | 2000-03-15 | 2005-07-19 | Huntington Alloys Corporation | Corrosion resistant austenitic alloy |
WO2002015311A3 (de) * | 2000-08-14 | 2002-05-10 | Basf Ag | Bipolarplatte für pem-brennstoffzellen |
DE10057071A1 (de) * | 2000-11-17 | 2002-05-29 | Siemens Ag | Brennstoffzellenanlage |
WO2002041430A3 (de) * | 2000-11-17 | 2004-02-19 | Siemens Ag | Brennstoffzellenanlage |
US7629070B2 (en) | 2002-09-19 | 2009-12-08 | Basf Future Business Gmbh | Bipolar plate for PEM fuel cells |
US7150846B2 (en) | 2002-12-23 | 2006-12-19 | Basf Aktiengesellschaft | Bipolar plate and method of fabricating it |
WO2005034262A3 (en) * | 2003-08-25 | 2006-03-16 | Gas Technology Inst | Low cost metal bipolar plates and current collectors for polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells |
EP1873852A1 (de) * | 2006-06-30 | 2008-01-02 | L'AIR LIQUIDE, Société Anonyme pour l'Etude et l'Exploitation des Procédés Georges Claude | Leiterplatten für Brennstoffzellebauteile |
WO2008000662A3 (en) * | 2006-06-30 | 2008-05-02 | Air Liquide | Conducting plates for fuel cell elements |
KR101460809B1 (ko) * | 2006-06-30 | 2014-12-02 | 레르 리키드 쏘시에떼 아노님 뿌르 레?드 에렉스뿔라따시옹 데 프로세데 조르즈 클로드 | 연료전지 소자용 전도판 |
EP2460904A3 (de) * | 2010-12-03 | 2012-11-28 | Bayerische Motoren Werke AG | Austenitischer Stahl für die Wasserstofftechnik |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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DE59808983D1 (de) | 2003-08-14 |
NO992738L (no) | 1999-06-04 |
ES2203926T3 (es) | 2004-04-16 |
EP0963615B1 (de) | 2003-07-09 |
CA2278490C (en) | 2008-10-14 |
ATE244933T1 (de) | 2003-07-15 |
NO992738D0 (no) | 1999-06-04 |
US6300001B1 (en) | 2001-10-09 |
CA2278490A1 (en) | 1998-07-30 |
JP2001508589A (ja) | 2001-06-26 |
DK0963615T3 (da) | 2003-10-06 |
EP0963615A1 (de) | 1999-12-15 |
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