WO1998032625A1

WO1998032625A1 - Mechanism management in a transport means in dynamic operating mode

Info

Publication number: WO1998032625A1
Application number: PCT/RU1997/000061
Authority: WO
Inventors: Alexandr Nikolaevich Voznesensky; Mikhail Vladimirovich Tereschenko
Original assignee: Voznesensky Alexandr Nikolaevi; Tereschenko Mikhail Vladimirov
Priority date: 1997-01-28
Filing date: 1997-03-12
Publication date: 1998-07-30
Also published as: RU2102258C1

Abstract

Use: automatic system for controlling the running speed and technical condition of mechanisms. The invention mainly relates to the following: for each working parameter of a mechanism the minimum permissible time required to reach the threshold value of such a parameter for ensuring an appropriate response and for the driver to take the necessary steps in order to prevent such a threshold value from being reached and/or the corresponding automatic procedure ensuring protection of said mechanism from being triggered is set. Periodically, at set intervals, each working parameter of a mechanism is measured, the actual value is compared with the previous value, the trend of the parameter variation is derived and, when the parameter gets close to the threshold value, the theoretical time needed to reach said threshold in relation to the parameter variation speed is determined. If the theoretical time falls to the minimum permissible time, the relevant executing mechanism is actuated to switch to the nominal running speed. The inventive device is characterized in that the minimum permissible time includes the total time the driver needs to respond to the recommendation to act upon the executing mechanisms, the total time he needs to implement the recommended response procedures, the time he needs to respond to the notification for triggering the automatic protection of the mechanism concerned, the time needed by said protection device to respond to the activation order and the time required for implementing the automatic protection procedure. According to the disclosed method, the stepwise passage of mechanisms to the nominal running speed is done in compliance with the allotted time for the various operations.

Description

\ УΟ 98/32625 ΡСΤ / Κυ97 / 00061

СП0С0Ε UPΡΑΒLΕΗIYA ΑГΡΕГΑΤΑΜИ ΤΡΑΗСПΟΡΤΗΟГΟ СΡΕДСΤΕΑ Β ДИΗΑΜИЧΕСΚΟΜ ΡΕЖИΜΕ

Give up technology

The present invention is not available for use in the automotive industry and is intended to be used to optimize the operation of a vehicle or a vehicle. π. with traceable substances (ΤС).

Prevoltages of the level of technology

Ievesτen sποsοb uπρavleniya Tc, πρedusmaτρivayuschy iz meρenie sκοροsτey vρascheniya κοlenchaτοgο shaft (ΚΒD) and vyχοd- nοgο shaft κοροbκi πeρedach (τρansmissshι) sρavnenie iχ with data of EA and οπτimalnymi enacheniyami., Πρi iχ οτκlοnenii, ΕΚLYU- chenie isποlniτelnyχ meχanizmοv τορmοza Tc or clutches / automatic evidence Ξυ Μ 1614962 B60Κ 41/24, 1990 /.

Οdnaκο izvesτny sποsοb not vyvοdiτ vοdiτelyu τeκuschuyu inφορmatsiyu ο ρabοchiχ πaρameτρaχ T c., Not vydaeτ κοmandy πο ποddeρzhaniyu οπτimalnyχ ρezhimοε not οπρedelyaeτ nasτuπlenie πρedavaρiynοy siτuatsshι not ρeκοmendueτ vοdiτelyu κοmandy πο πρedοτvρascheniyu avaρshι not vyyavlyaeτ neisπρavnοsτi agρegaτοv and πρichiny iχ ποyavleniya. Izvesτen sποsοb uπρavleniya dinamiκοy agρegaτοv Tc, naπρimeρ zadniχ κοles, οsnοvanny on φορmiροvanii uπρavlyayu- schegο vοzdeysτviya πο οτκlοneniyu τeκuschegο values ρabοchegο πaρameτρa, naπρimeρ uτla ποvοροτa ρulevοgο κοlesa, οτ za- dannοgο enacheniya with ucheτοm κaκ sοbsτvennο οτκlοneniya, and τaκ egο προizvοdnοy / zayavκa ΟΕ Ν 4,242,218 ΒδϋΚ 16 / 02.1994 /.

Unfamiliarity is also included in the unauthorized access to the system and the lack of business. The closest κ to the recommended is the means \ УΟ 98/32625 ΡСΤ / ΙШ97 / 00061

ρaΕleniya agρegaτami Tc in dinamichesκοm ρezhime, sοglasnο κο- τοροmu alρiορnο for κazhdοgο ι-gο ρabοchegο πaρameτρa agρega- τa on οsκοve sτaτisτichesκiχ dannyχ πρi naτuρnyχ isπyτaniyaχ and / or πuτem mοdeliροvaniya κρiτichesκiχ siτuatsy οπρedelyayuτ minimalnο dοπusτimοe vρemya 1: ι min. dοπ. dοsτizheniya πaρameτ- ροm ποροgοvοgο values Ρι (π), dοsτaτοchnοe for adeκvaτnοy ρeaκtsii and vοzdeysτvy vοdiτelya πο πρedοτvρascheniyu uκazannοgο dοsτizheniya and οsuschesτvleniya or sοοτveτsτvuyuschey avτοmaτi- chesκοή προtseduρy zaschiτy agρegaτa, πeρiοdichesκi cheρez vρe- 10 mennye inτeρvaly 01 izmeρyayuτ κazhdy ι-th ρabοchy πaρameτρ agρegaτa, it compares the current meaning of ΟιГΟ) with the preceding value Ρι (-1), which is the direction of change in

1 ϊ-;

Ρι (π) - Ρι (0)

1l (0) ρ = 01,

Ρι (0) - Ρι (-1)

0 compare ϊι (0) ρ with £ ι min. dοπ. and in the case bι (0) ρ ϊ ι min. dοπ. It is compatible with the relevant executive mechanisms for converting the unit into the nominal patent mode Κϋ Ν 063887 Β60Κ 41 / 28.1995.

The loss of the indicated system means that it has a low level of disruption to the EC and is associated with a failure to fully equip the room.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

30 izοbρeτeniya object yavlyaeτsya ποvyshenie eφφeκτivnοsτi uπρavleniya Tc with cheτκim ρazbieniem shιnimalnο dοπusτimοgο vρemeni on vρemennye inτerΕaly, οτvοdimye for πρeduπρedi- τelnyχ and zaschiτnyχ προtseduρ and τaκzhe ρeaκtsy vοdiτelya and methyl χanizmοv on sοοτveτsτvuyuschie signals.

35 Pοsτavlennaya task ρeshaeτsya τem, chτο in sποsοbe uπρav- Lenia agρegaτami Tc Ε dinamichesκοm ρezhime, sοglasnο κοτορο- mu aπρiορnο for κazhdοgο ι-gο ρabοchegο πaρameτρa agρegaτa on οsκοve sτaτisτichesκiχ dannyχ πρi naτuρnyχ isπyτaniyaχ and / or πuτem mοdeliροvaniya κρiτichesκiχ siτuatsy οπρedelyayuτ mini- УΟ 98/32625 ΡСΤ / ΙШ97 / 00061

- ϊ_5 - the most acceptable time is 1: ι min. dοπ. dοsτizheniya πaρameτροm ποροgοvοgο values Ρι (π), dοsτaτοchnοe for adeκvaτnοy ρeaκ- tion and vοzdeysτΕy vοdiτelya πο πρedοτvρascheniyu uκazannοgο dοsτizheniya and / ^'or 5 οsuschesτvleniya sοοτveτsτvuyuschey avτοmaτi- chesκοy προtseduρy zaschiτy agρegaτa, πeρiοdichesκi cheρez vρe- mennye inτeρvaly 01 izmeρyayuτ κazhdy ι-th ρabοchy πaρameτρ the unit, which compares its current value of Ρϊ (0) with the equivalent value of Ρι (-1), reveals the direction of change in π) πο expression

Ρι (π) - Ρι (0)

£ ι (0) ρ = 0 £,

Ρι (0) - Ρ1 (-1)

15 compare 11 (0) ρ s 1: ι min. dοπ. and in the case £ ι (0) ρ ^ £ ιmin. dοπ. Responses to the respective executive mechanisms for converting the unit to the nominal mode - £ ι min. dοπ. compose from the total time of the reaction

20 vοdiτelya on ποluchaemye ρeκοmendatsii πο vοzdeysτviyu on isποlniτelnye meχanizmy £ ιm1, summaρnοgο vρemeni οsuschesτ- detecting vοdiτelem ρeκοmenduemyχ προtseduρ vοzdeysτviya £ ιm2, vρemeni ρeaκtsii vοdiτelya on πρeduπρezhdenie ο vκlyuchenii AB- τοmaτichesκοy zaschiτy agρegaτa £ ιmZ, vρemeni ρeaκtsii zaschiτnο-

£ 5 on the team for the inclusion of £ um4 and the time for the automatic protection of £ um5, π and £ ι (0) ρ = £ min. dοπ. = £ ιϊϊϊ + £ м + +2 + м ммЗ + + £4 +4 + 5 5 I come out - for the recommendation of the group to use the operating methods and the material

30 exposures, share the following estimated time £ ι (+1) ρ π expression

Ρι (π) - Ρι (+1) ι (+1) ρ = 0 £,

35 Ρι (+1) - Ρι (0)

sρavnivayuτ £ ι +1) ρ with £ ι (0) ρ, πρi £ ι (+1) ρ £ ι (0) ρ προdοlzha- yuτ vοzdeysτvοvaτ on τu same gρuππu isποlniτelnyχ meχaniz- mοv and πρi £ ι (+1) ρ Τι (0) ρ π ρ в в в в в- \ УΟ 98/32625 ΡСΤЯШ97 / 00061

- 4 - τelnuyu gρuππu isποlniτelnyχ meχanizmοv, πρi ι (0) ρ = £ ιm3 + £ ιm4 + £ ιm5 πρeduπρezhdayuτ εοdiτelya ο vκlyuchenii avτοmaτichesκοy zaschiτy agρegaτa with sοχρaneniem vοzmοzhnοsτi πρeρyvaniya them προtsessa neblagοπρiyaτnοgο changes πaρameτρa 5 sοοτveτsτvii with ρanee issued ρeκοmendatsiyami, naπρimeρ πuτem οτκlyucheniya agρegaτa, and £ £ ι ι (0) ρ = м 4 + 4 + 5 5 5 5 automatically switches on the protective mechanism, if the automatic protection is not changed by the driver, either the

10 close memory.

The task posed is also solved by the fact that, as a part of the process, they measure the simultaneous rotation of the engine shaft and the exhaust shaft, which consumes oil

15 οκρuzhayuschey sρedy, vyχlοπnyχ gaeοv and ΟZH on vyχοde πρedπusκο- vοgο ποdοgρevaτelya dvigaτelya pressure on smazκi vχοde and vyχοde dvigaτelya, smazκi τρansmissii, vοzduχa in πnev- mοsisτeme and sisτeme vοzduχοοchisτκi on vχοde Ε dvigaτel, uροvni τοπliva, and ΟZH smazκi dvigaτelya and τρansmissii, elekt-

20 Typical voltage to the end switches of the drive, blinds over the cooling system radiators, the transmission of the transmission and the electrical circuits.

Otherwise, solving the fixed task will help you to slow the process of changing the parameters.

25 ρennye τeκuschie πaρameτροv values and calculated values τaκzhe ρascheτnοgο vρemeni ρegisτρiρuyuτ in blοκe ποsτοyannοy πamyaτi and το, chτο on οsnοve zaρegisτρiροvannyχ in blοκe πamyaτi dannyχ, E τοm including πaρameτροv.imeyushiχ dinamichesκy χa- ρaκτeρ, προizvοdyaτ diagnοsτiκu neisπρavnοsτey agρegaτοv

30 ΦP

Quick description of the drawing

On the other hand, a functional circuit of the device 5 is provided, which implements the proposed method of controlling the units with the ΕC. Dynamic mode. 98/32625 ΡСΤЯШ97 / 00061

- 5 - The best embodiment of the invention

The device includes the gears of 1 / иD and the output shaft of the transmission /, the pressure sensors of 2 fluid 5 are lubricated at the input and output of the engine, and are driven by / sensors of coolant 3, engine oil and exhaust gas, environmental fluid, exhaust gas and coolant on the engine’s exhaust heater, sensors

10 of its liquid fuel 4, fuel oil and lubrication of the engine and the engine’s transmission /, the first unit of conversion 5 with a variable number of pulses / two-speed / 6, Sensors of electric power

15 ρyazheniya 11 / ^'on κοntsevyχ vyκlyuchaτelyaχ ποlοzheniya τορmοzοv, shutters over ρadiaτορami sisτem οχlazhdeniya, πeρedach τρansmissii / daτchiκi naπρyazheniya 12 κοnτροlnyχ τοchκaχ eleκτροtseπey Tc, vτοροy blοκ πρeοbρazοvaniya 13 deshiφρaτο- ροm adρesa ΑTSP 15,16 and 14, 17 blοκ πρinyaτiya ρesheny , you

20 cepts form κnοποchnyχ πeρeκlyuchaτeley 18.19, τρeτy blοκ πρeοbρazοvaniya 20 deshiφρaτοροm adρesa 21 and φορmiροvaτelya- E imπulsοv 22.23, blοκ uπρavleniya - προtsessορny mοdul (PΜ) 24 disπley 25, 26 ρegisτρaτορ προgρammaτοροm 27 and ποsτοyannym zaποshιnayuschim uzlοm ( GBU) 28, block of registers 29,

25 blοκ usiliτeley 30 isποlniτelnye meχanizmy 31. Byχοdy daτchiκοv chasτοτy vρascheniya 1 ποdκlyucheny κ signal vχοdam πρeοbρazοvaτelya vρemya - chislο imπulsοv 6 vyχοdy pressure daτchiκοv 2, 3 and daτchiκοv τemπeρaτuρy daτchiκοv uροvney liquid κοsτi 4 - κ signal vχοdam sοοτveτsτvennο ΑTSP 7.8 and 9

30 blοκa πρeοbρaeοvaniya 5. Βyχοdy daτchiκοv ποροgοvοgο values eleκτρichesκοgο naπρyazheniya 11 and daτchiκοv naπρyazheniya in κοnτ- ροlnyχ τοchκaχ zleκτροtseπey 12 sοedineny with signal vχο- sοοτveτsτvennο ΑTSP rows 15 and 15 blοκa πρeοbρazοvaniya 13. Βyχοdy blοκa πρinyaτiya ρesheny 17 ποdκlyucheny κ signal

35 vχοdam φορmiροvaτeley imπulsοv 22.23 blοκa πρeοbρazοvaniya 20. Αdρesnye ΕΧΟDY πρeοbρazοvaτeley 6-9 sοedineny with vyχοdami deshiφρaτορa adρesa 10 adρesnye vχοdy πρeοbρazοvaτeley 15.16 - with vyχοdami deshiφρaτορa adρesa 14 and adρesnye vχοdy φορmiροvaτeley imπulsοv 22.23 - with vyχοdami deshi ρ

40 ρesa 21. Uπρavlyayuschie vχοdy πρeοbρazοvaτeley 5-9,15,16 ποdκ- lyucheny κ πeρvοmu vyχοdu PΜ 24 vτοροy you ^χ οd κοτοροgο sοedi- λΥΟ 98/32625 ΡСΤ / ΚШ7 / 00061

- 6 - with the relevant inputs of the cheap address 10.14 and 21, which are compatible with 6/5/5/19/20/20/16/20 25 and unit 29, the other inputs of the circuitry are connected to the other outputs P. 24. The outputs of the unit 29 after 30 power units are disconnected from the receiver.

The device operates the following way.

10 Pρi vκlyuchenii bορτοvοy seτi W 24 πuτem ποsylκi momentum πulsοv with inτeρvalοm 0.1 seκ οπρashivaeτ ποsledοvaτelnο all daτchiκi 1-4,11,12 ρabοchiχ πaρameτροv agρegaτοv Tc, svya- associated with πeρvym blοκοm πρeοbρazοvaniya 5 and τaκzhe οπρashivaeτ sοsτοyanie κnοποκ 18 , 19 in the form of decisions 17,

15 finds the information received in this portable host, and part of the information intended for long-term use is recorded on a discrete basis of 28.

For the conclusion of the device, the device operates in two modes.

Β οsnοvnοm, avτοmaτichesκοm, ρezhime προtsessορny mοdul 24 οτρabaτyvaeτ οdnu or nesκοlκο zaπροgρamιliροvannyχ φunκtsy, zadannyχ vοdiτelem and πρi eτοm esτ neοbχοdimοsτ vyvοda zaπροsοv, πρeduπρezhdeny or κοmand vοdiτelyu. Ηa eκ-

£ 5 On the display of 25, the corresponding information is displayed automatically, in particular, which is necessary for the solution of the current process. Converting a device to an automatic mode of operation of the PC with one of the few programmed functions

30 is the driver after pressing the button 19 in the decision box 17. However, on the display screen 25, a "menu" is displayed that contains a short message or a short dialog box. By sequentially pressing the button 18, the driver with the help of a marker on the display screen 25 selects the desired command, the button

25 ρ ΕΕΟ ΕΕΟ ΕΕΟ Τ Τ ο ο ή 19.

In all cases, manual, manual operation, when there is no need to disconnect, to wait for a second or a second time \ νθ 98/32625 ΡСΤΛШШ97 / 00061

- 7 - the unit is loaded with frames, which is performed by pressing the button 18 by the driver. This type of information for the driver is 5 purely intended and can be done only as a result of the initial evaluation of technical costs. i.e., while waiting for the driver’s command to start one of the protected automatic modes, and in case of failure, in case of accident

10 either an automatic control unit is operated, or an automatic control unit is used for it, and / or is subjected to various loads.

All information from the sensors in the analogue format is converted to the CPU 7-9,15,16 in the distributed format, for

15 with the exception of information on the rotation of the engine and the output of the transmission, which is removed from the storage unit 6 and the manual has been disassembled. Addresses 10,14,21 are cheaper in the case of processing units 5,13,20. On command with W 24 they generate address signals at every moment for

20 issues and readings of your game with a shared sensor. This ensures clear and consistent readings of information from each processor and processor.

And so, the binary information is available at 6, there is information about the rotation of the LED and the output

25 τρ emissions; with CPU 7, the values of the engine lubrication pressure are provided (at the input and output /), in the form of exhaust gas, air in the air system and the exhaust air in the engine; with ΑCP 8 - values of the temperature of the coolant and engine oil,, уж ш,,, exhaust gas, exhaust gases, and

30 LJ at the outlet of the engine pre-heater; with ΑCP 9 - the values of the engine oil level, ансансшшшсс,,,,,,, у у у у у и и, and τΟ τ τ τ τливаливаливаливалива у;;;;;;;;; и и и τ τ τ τ τ τ τ τ τ τ τ τ τ τ τ τ τ τ τ τ τ τ τ τ τ τ τ τ τ и τ τ и τ и и и and τ τ τ τ τ τлива илива τлива;;; with CPU 15 - information on the use of end switches of the goods, blinds over the radiators of the cooling system, transmission of the transmission; with ΑCP 16 - the values of πρ stresses in

-_ch_ 'end-to-end angioplasty ΤС. All of the received memory is then re- mitted to the internal memory W 24. Β ROM 28 of the program 25 is recorded to the user. The program 27 is intended for pho rousing of all necessary signals and impulses and impulses \ νθ 98/32625 ΡСΤ / ΚШ7 / 00061

- 8 - ROM 28 in the write and read mode of already written information in W 24.

Ηa nachalnοm eτaπe ρabοτy Tc ποluchennaya inφορmatsiya πu- τem eρavneniya τeκuschiχ values πaρameτροv ρabοτy Tc with egο 5 οπτimalnymi znacheniyashι analiziρueτsya the purpose οπρedeleniya isπρaΕnοsτi uzlοv, blοκοv, agρegaτοv, zleκτροtseπey Tc and Tc gο- τοvnοsτi κ top zκeπluaτatsii. For a good return on display screen 25, the words "Ready for operation" are displayed, and in the case of a positive one, the person who has left the system is indicated

10 node, block, unit, type of failure and the order of its failure.

In the process of operation, the device is equipped with an informative, user-friendly, protective and deactivated function. With the infotainment device, the output of the current

15 οπeρaτivnοy inφορmashιi ο ρabοτe uzlοv, and blοκοv agρegaτοv Tc οsuschesτvlyaeτsya πuτem ποsledοvaτelnοgο nazhaτiya κnοπκi 18 blοκe πρinyaτiya ρesheniya 17 φορmiροvaniem imπulsa in φορ- miροvaτele ιshitsiiροvaniya zaπusκa 22 to 24 W at vyvοd invariant φορmatsii, ποluchennοy in ρezulτaτe οπροsa vseχ daτchiκοv,

20 UTILIZED IN CONTROLLED KNOTS, UNITS AND UNITS ΤС. Parameter, frame 1 - all parameters of the engine operation are displayed, frame 2 - the parameters of the transmission transmission and τ are displayed. e. This is due to the sending pulse from W 24 to all cheap addresses 10,14,21,

25 general information in the PC and on-line information related to the user-friendly unit. However, for example, when the engine is running, information is provided from the lubricant pressure sensors at the outlet and inlet of the engine, while the engine is in the car.

30 and engine oil, LJ in the engine start-up heater.

The next time you press the button 18 in the block of decisions 17, the current values of the parameters of the engine are erased on the screen of the display 25 and the appearance of the parameters

35 ΡΟΕ κadρа 2 and τ. e. The Consequent Investigative Operator demon- strates all the information about the unit, the units and the unit.

At the front end of the device, monitoring of the variable parameters of the ECC unit is carried out. 98/32625 ΡСΤЯШ97 / 00061

- 9 - wearing κ to specified πορου values. For example, the following are known: The default value of the fuel is fuel-friendly / 'The proposed price is for fuel, which is necessary for the sale of the appliance; The engine oil level is set to 5% oil; below engine speed, it is not recommended /. Τemπeρaτuρa ΟZH imeeτ nesκοlκο ποροgοvyχ values svyazannyχ with ρezhimami ρabοτy Tc: Τοzh (π) 1 - τemπe- ρaτuρa below κοτοροy zaπusκ dvigaτelya without πρedvaρiτelnοgο ποdοgρeva zaπρeschen, Τοzh (π) 2 - τesheρaτuρa below κοτοροy ρa-

10 bοτa dvigaτelya ποd nagρuzκοy not ρeκοmendueτsya, Τοzhπ) 3 - τemπeρaτuρa below κοτοροy not ρeκοmendueτsya movement on vysshiχ πeρedachaχ, Τοzh (π) 4 - τemπeρaτuρa above κοτοροy zaπ- ρeschena οsτanοΕκa dvigaτelya, Τοzh (π) 5 - τemπeρaτuρa above κο- engine operation is forbidden. ACCESS TO PARAMETER

15 of their own dispensation is available on a display 25

THIS OPERATION IS EXISTED BY THE TRANSMISSION OF OOP-

20 environment of sensors 1-4, 11,12, the comparison of the obtained values from the given Ε ПΜ 24 and, in the case of their increase, the distribution of information from the Israeli TV broadcasts

With a protective function and devices, in quick use

25 The proposed method is used for the separation of risks, its alteration and the prevention of accidents. Ηaπ- ρimeρ, avaρiynaya zaschiτa Tc οτ πeρegρeva πο τesheρaτuρe ΟZH dvigaτelya Τοzh οsuschesτΕLyaeτsya following οbρazοm.

Ο еля ρ и ο ед ед ед

30 £ per minute dοπ. the attainment of a solid LH value of 5 ° C (π) 5 = 115 ° C. I accept. in particular, £ ozh min. dοπ. = 2 sh. At this point, m = 1 min. For the total period of time, the user is advised of the recommendations for the implementation of executive mechanisms. жzh m2 = 0.5 min - for the total

£ 5 vρemeni οsuschesτvleniya vοdiτelem ρeκοmenduemyχ προtseduρ vοz- deysτΕIYa, οzh m3 = 0 min - for ρeaκtsii Εοdiτelya on πρeduπ- ρezhdenie ο vκlyuchenii avτοmaτicheeκοy zaschiτy agρegaτa, £ compression channel m4 = 0.05 min - for ρeaκtsii zaschiτnοgο meχanizma on κοman- do Εκlyucheniya, £ ozh m5 = 0.15 sec - for the implementation of the procedure / 32625 ΡСΤЯШ97 / 00061

- 10 - automatic protection.

The calculation of the differences between the current value of the temperature of the LH of the engine (0) and its lower value of the Coolant (-1) determines the values of the change of the temperature of the L engine. If the change in YoY has a tendency to increase, the above analytical expression is calculated at a constant (0) value.

If £ οzh (0) ρ is reduced to £ οzh (0) ρ = £ (е) = £ Ожшш. dοπ. = = Ж м!! + Ж м2 + + ж ж м З + З + ж 4 4 + + + ж м 5 5 5 = = 2 min.

You will never close the end switch “Blinds over the radiators of the cooling system”, a signal is sent to open the shutters or, for the driver, the shutter “shutter”. It is easy to close the end switch with one of the highest transmissions; there is a switch to the lower gear or the driver switches to the “key” switch. When the end switch of the lower transmission is closed, the machine is stopped or the driver switches to “Stop the machine” for the driver. When the engine is running in a comfortable mode, the engine is stopped or the driver is muted by the “Engine muffler” command. On the other hand, when the engine is shutting down at a standstill (π) 4 = + 85 ° С, the command “Keys off” is turned off or the signal is “turned off”. that is automatically triggered by the output of the signal W 24 through the block of registers 29, block of amplifiers 30 to the executive mechanism for switching on the noise.

In the event of an incident, a calculated calculation of the operating error should be made before attempting to take into account the error due to error.

If the set value is ((0) ρ, decreasing, it reaches ж (0) ρ = (()) = ж ж З + ж м м 4 + ж м 5 m5 = 0.5 w and then goes down, then the above command the executive mechanisms or the driver are replaced by the malfunctioning failure of the vehicle, and the consequent 98/32625 ΡСΤЯШ97 / 00061

- eleven -

Β When £ ж ж (0) ρ = ж м m4 + ж м 5 m5 = 0.2 w, the signal for activating the automatic protection is activated if the user is inactive for - 5th of October) in the ROM 28 of the register 26, and the message “Accidental alarms” is displayed to the operator with an indication of the current value of the Fault on the display 25.

In the same way, there is an emergency protection of the engine and the transmission is suppressed by changing the oil temperature 10 ас mass. engine and асmas. τρans. of the heater - due to a change in the heat supply at the outlet of the heater , Τuρbiny τuρbοκοmπρeseορa dvigaτelya - πο change τεsheρaτuρy vyχ- lοπnyχ gazοv in vyπusκnοm τρubοπροvοde dvigaτelya ΒΤvg, sisτemy naποlneniya dvigaτelya - πο change ρazρezheniya 15 sisτeme vοzduχοοchisτκi on vχοde in dvigaτel ΒΡΕ, πnev- mοsisτemy Tc - πο pressure change Ε πnevmοsisτeme ΒΡπn.

The functions of the emergency engine protection and the enhanced functions listed above for the informational parameters differ only in the values of £ (s) and £ (h). For engine oil pressure 20 and transmission and higher, the engine coolant level, and also the rotational speed of the engine, taking into account the greater dynamic speed of the process £ (s) = 10 sec, £ (s) = 5 sec. For the fuel level in fuel tanks ΤС, taking into account the small dynamics of the process, £ (s) = 30 nk, £ (h) = 10 min. 25 For a defective function of the device, malfunctions, reasons for their occurrence and notification to the driver of the actions are detected.

Each time after removing the engine load / stop, the vehicle will be shutdown, emergency stop, and t. π. / οπ- 30 Changes to the engine’s coolant system are detected. engine and oils of τρ emission асmas. τρans. , and also the calculated time of decrease in each of the temperature by 5 ° С.

If the estimated operating time is ΟL) (0) ρ greater than 35 30 sec, you will receive a signal for the blinds or one of the diagnostic messages of the driver.

The switch “Shutters over the cooling system radiators” is not closed. I supply the “thirst” switch. When the estimated weight of £ (0) is also \ νθ 98/32625 ΡСΤЯШ97 / 00061

- l ν - it turns out more than 30 hers, the command "Calculate the radio frequency" is processed. When the engine is running at low speeds, the signal is on, the signal is increased to increase the speed of the engine or the drive is running “Drive up”. When the engine is in idle mode, the engine is running or running at a slower speed and the engine is shutting down.

In a similar fashion, the identification of an incident is

10 reasons and reasons for their appearance in the engine lubrication system due to a change in weight. engine and τ анс expansion πο change изменmas. τρans.

In general, the present invention provides for the protection of the automatic and protective circuits for the operating and technical modes.

15 sοsτοyaniεm Εseχ egο οτveτsτvennyχ uzlοv, and blοκοv agρega- ΤΟΕ, οπτishιzaschιyu ρezhimοΕ, avτοmaτichεsκοe detection neisπ- ρavnοsτey and πρichin iχ ποyavleniya and τaκzhe sποsοbsτvueτ πρe- dοτvρascheniyu vοzniκnοveniya avaρiynyχ siτuaschιy and Εyχοda sτροya of Tc. For practical use, the applicable

20 The operational reliability of the system can be increased by approximately 40%, while the operating time is reduced to 75 of the total cost of the operating system.

Claims

\ ╬╜╬╕ 98/32625 ╬í╨í╬ñ╨ »╨¿97 / 00061- 13 -╬ª╬ƒ╬í╬ £ ╨ú╨ ¢ ╬æ ╨ÿ╨ù╬ƒ╨æ╬í╬ò ╬ñ╬ò╬ù╨ÿ╨ »

1. ╨í╧Ç╬┐╤ü╬┐╨▒ ╤â╧Ç╧ü╨░╨▓╨╗╨╡╨╜╨╕╤Å ╨░╨│╧ü╬╡╨│╨░╧ä╨░ ╨╝╨╕ ╧ä╧ü╨░╨╜╤ü╧Ç╬┐╧ü╧ä╨╜╬┐╨│╬┐ ╤ü╧ü╨╡╨┤╤ü╧ä╨▓╨░ ╨▓ ╨┤ ╨╕╨╜╨░╨╝╨╕╤ç╬╡╤ü╬║╬┐╨╝ ╧ü╨╡╨╢╨╕╨╝╨╡, ╤ü╬┐╨│╨╗╨░╤ü╨╜╬ ┐ ╬║╬┐╧ä╬┐╧ü╬┐╨╝╤â ╨░╧Ç╧ü╨╕╬┐╧ü╨╜╬┐ ╨┤╨╗╤Å ╬║╨░╨╢- ╨┤╬┐ ╨│╬┐ ╬╣-╨│╬┐ ╧ü╨░╨▒╬┐╤ç╨╡╨│╬┐ ╧Ç╨░╧ü╨░╨╝╨╡╧ä╧ü╨░ ╨░╨│╧ ü╨╡╨│╨░╧ä╨░ ╨╜╨░ ╬┐╤ü╨╜╬┐╨▓╨╡ ╤ü╧ä╨░╧ä╨╕╤ü╧ä╨╕- ╤ç╨╡╤ü ╬║╨╕╧ç ╨┤╨░╨╜╨╜╤ï╧ç ╧Ç╧ü╨╕ ╨╜╨░╧ä╤â╧ü╨╜╤ï╧ç ╨╕╤ü╧Ç╤ï ä╨░╨╜╨╕╤Å╧ç ╨╕ / ╨╕╨╗╨╕ ╧Ç╤â╧ä╨╡╨╝ ╨╝╬┐╨┤╨╡╨╗╨╕╧ü╬┐- ╨▓╨ ░╨╜╨╕╤Å ╬║╧ü╨╕╧ä╨╕╤ç╨╡╤ü╬║╨╕╧ç ╤ü╨╕╧ä╤â╨░╤ë╬╣╨╣ ╬┐╧Ç╧ ü╨╡╨┤╨╡╨╗╤Å╤Ä╧ä ╤ê╤ê╨╕╨╝╨░╨╗╤î╨╜╬┐ ╨┤╬┐╧Ç╤â╤ü╧ä╨╕╨╝╬ ┐╨╡ ╨▓╧ü╨╡╤ê ┬ú╬╣ ╤ê╤ê. ╨┤╬┐╧Ç. ╨┤╬┐╤ü╧ä╨╕╨╢╨╡╨╜╨╕╤Å ╧Ç╨░╧ü╨░╨╝╨╡╧ä╧ü╬┐╨╝ ╧Ç╬┐╧ü╬┐╨│ ╬┐╨▓╬┐╨│╬┐ ╨╖╨╜╨░╤ç╨╡╨╜╨╕╤Å ╬í╬╣ (╧Ç), ╨┤╬┐╤ü╧ä╨░╧ä╬┐╤ ç╨╜╬┐╨╡ ╨┤╨╗╤Å ╨░╨┤╨╡╬║╨▓╨░╧ä╨╜╬┐╨╣ ╧ü╨╡╨░╬║╤å╨╕╨╕ ╨╕ ╨ ▓╬┐╨╖╨┤╨╡╨╣╤ü╧ä╨▓╨╕╨╣ ╨▓╬┐-

-1 ╧Ç ╨┤╨╕╧ä╨╡╨╗╤Å ╧Ç╬┐ ╧Ç╧ü╬╡╨┤╬┐╧ä╨▓╧ü╨░╤ë╨╡╨╜╨╕╤Ä ╤â ╬║╨░╨╖╨░╨╜╨╜╬┐╨│╬┐ ╨┤╬┐╤ü╧ä╨╕╨╢╨╡╨╜╨╕╤Å ╨╕ / ╨╕╨╗╨╕ ╧ü╨ ╡╨░╨╗╨╕- ╨╖╨░╤ë╤ê ╤ü╬┐╬┐╧ä╨▓╨╡╧ä╤ü╧ä╨▓╤â╤Ä╤ë╨╡╨╣ ╨░╨▓ ╧ä╬┐╨╝╨░╧ä╨╕╤ç╨╡╤ü╬║╬┐╨╣ ╧Ç╧ü╬┐╤å╨╡╨┤╤â╧ü╤ï ╨╖╨░╤ë╨╕ ╧ä╤ï ╨░╨│╧ü╨╡- ╨│╨░╧ä╨░, ╧Ç╨╡╧ü╨╕╬┐╨┤╨╕╤ç╬╡╤ü╬║╨╕ ╤ç╬╡ ╧ü╬╡╨╖ ╨▓╧ü╨╡╨╝╨╡╨╜╨╜╤ï╨╡ ╨╕╨╜╧ä╨╡╧ü╨▓╨░╨╗╤ï 0┬ú ╨╕╨╖╨ ╝╨╡╧ü╤Å╤Ä╧ä ╬║╨░╨╢╨┤╤ï╨╣ ╬╣-╤ï╨╣ ╧ü╨░╨▒╬┐╤ç╨╕╨╣ ╧Ç╨░╧ü ╨ ░╨╝╨╡╧ä╧ü ╨░╨│╧ü╨╡╨│╨░╧ä╨░, ╤ü╧ü╨░╨▓╨╜╨╕╨▓╨░╤Ä╧ä ╨╡╨│ ╬┐ ╧ä╨╡╬║╤â- ╤ë╨╡╨╡ ╨╖╨╜╨░╤ç╨╡╨╜╨╕╬╡ ╬í╬╣ (0) ╤ü ╧Ç╧ü╬╡╨┤ ╤ê╬╡╤ü╧ä╨▓╤â╤Ä╤ë╨╕╨╝ ╨╖╨╜╨░╤ç╬╡╨╜╨╕╨╡╨╝ ╬í╬╣ (-1), ╨▓╤ ï╤Å╨▓-

^ΓÇó 15 ╨╗╤Å╤Ä╧ä ╨╜╨░╧Ç╧ü╨░╨▓╨╗╨╡╨╜╨╕╨╡ ╨╕╨╖╨╝╨╡╨╜╨╡╨╜╨╕╤Å ╬╣-╨│╬┐ ╧Ç╨░╧ü╨░╨╝╨╡╧ä╧ü╨░, ╧Ç╧ü╨╕ ╧Ç╧ü╨╕╨▒╨╗╨╕╨╢╬╡╨╜ ╨╕╨╕ ╨╡╨│╬┐ ╬║ ╬í╬ù ╧Ç) ╬┐╧Ç╧ü╨╡╨┤╨╡╨╗╤Å╤Ä╧ä ╧ü╨░╤ü╤ç╨╡╧ ä╨╜╬┐╨╡ ╨▓╧ü╬╡╨╝╤Å ┬ú╬╣ (0) ╧ü ╨┤╬┐╤ü╧ä╨╕╨╢╨╡╨╜╨╕╤Å ╬í╬╣ (╧Ç) ╧Ç╬┐ ╨▓╤ï╧ü╨░╨╢╨╡╨╜╨╕╤Ä

╬í1 (╨ƒ) - ╬í╬¼ (0)

20 ┬ú╬╣ (0) ╧ü = ╨æ┬ú,

╬í1 (0) - ╬í╨ö-1)

╤ü╧ü╨░╨▓╨╜╨╕╨▓╨░╤Ä╧ä ┬ú╬╣ (0) ╧ü ╤ü ┬ú╬╣ ╤ê╤ê. ╨┤╬┐╧Ç. ╨╕ ╨▓ ╤ü╨╗╤â╤ç╨░╨╡ ┬ú╨╗ (0) ╧ü ╬╣ ╨╝╨╕╨╜. ╨┤╬┐╧Ç. ╨▓╬┐╨╖╨┤╬╡╨╣╤ü╧ä╬ò╤â╤Ä╧ä ╨╜╨░ ╤ü╬┐╬┐╧ä╨▓╨╡╧ä╤ü╧ä╨▓╤â ╤Ä╤ë╨╕╨╡ ╨╕╤ü╧Ç╬┐╨╗-

25 ╨╜╨╕╧ä╨╡╨╗╤î╨╜╤ï╬╡ ╨╝╨╡╧ç╨░╨╜╨╕╨╖╤ê ╨┤╨╗╤Å ╧Ç╨╡╧ü╬╡╨ ▓╬┐╨┤╨░ ╨░╨│╧ü╬╡╨│╨░╧ä╨░ ╨▓ ╨╜╬┐╤ê╤Ä╨░╨╗╤î╨╜╤ï╨╣ ╧ü╬╡- ╨╢╨╕╨╝, ╬┐╧ä╨╗╨╕╤ç╨░╤Ä╤ë╨╕╨╣╤ü╤Å ╧ä╨╡╨╝, ╤ç╧ä╬┐ ┬ú╬╣ ╨╝ ╨╕╨╜. ╨┤╬┐╧Ç. ╤ü╬┐╤ü╧ä╨░╨▓╨╗╤Å╤Ä╧ä ╨╕╨╖ ╤ü╤â╨╝- ╨╝╨░╧ü╨╜╬┐╨│╬┐ ╨▓╧ü╨ ╡╨╝╨╡╨╜╨╕ ╧ü╨╡╨░╬║╤å╨╕╨╕ ╨▓╬┐╨┤╨╕╧ä╨╡╨╗╤Å- ╨╜╨░ ╧Ç╬┐╨╗ ╤â╤ç╨░╨╡╨╝╤ï╨╡ ╧ü╨╡╬║╬┐╨╝╨╡╨╜╨┤╨░╤å╨╕╨╕ ╧Ç╬┐ ╨▓╬┐╨╖╨┤ ╨╡╨╣╤ü╧ä╨▓╨╕╤Ä ╨╜╨░ ╨╕╤ü╧Ç╬┐╨╗╨╜╨╕╧ä╨╡╨╗╤î╨╜╤ï╬╡ ╨╝╬╡ ╧ç╨░╨╜╨╕╨╖╨╝╤ï ┬ú╬╣╨╝1, ╤ü╤â╨╝╨╝╨░╧ü╨╜╬┐╨│╬┐ ╨▓╧ü╨╡╨╝ ╨╡╨╜╨╕ ╬┐╤ü╤â╤ë╨╡╤ü╧ä╨▓╨╗╨╡╨╜╨╕╤Å ╨▓╬┐╨┤╨╕╧ä╨╡╨╗╨╡╨╝ ╧ü╨╡╬║╬┐╨╝╬╡╨╜╨┤╤â╬╡╧è╨╗╤ï╧ç ╧Ç╧ü╬┐╤å╬╡╨┤╤â╧ü ╨▓ ┐╨╖-

30 ╨┤╬╡╨╣╤ü╧ä╨▓╨╕╤Å ┬ú╧è╨╝2, ╨▓╧ü╨╡╨╝╨╡╨╜╨╕ ╧ü╨╡╨░╬║╤å╨ ╕╨╕ ╨▓╬┐╨┤╨╕╧ä╨╡╨╗╤Å ╨╜╨░ ╧Ç╧ü╨╡╨┤╤â╧Ç╧ü╨╡╨╢╨┤╨╡╨╜╨╕╨ ╡ ╬┐ ╨▓╬║╨╗╤Ä╤ç╨╡╨╜╨╕╨╕ ╨░╨▓╧ä╬┐╨╝╨░╧ä╨╕╤ç╨╡╤ü╬║╬┐╨╣ ╨ ╖╨░╤ê╨╕╧ä╤ï ╨░╨│╧ü╨╡╨│╨░╧ä╨░ ┬ú╧è╨╝╨ù, ╬ò╧ü╨╡╨╝╨╡╨╜╨╕ ╧ü╨╡╨░╬║- ╤å╨╕╨╕ ╨╖╨░╤ë╨╕╧ä╨╜╬┐╨│╬┐ ╨╝╨╡╧ç╨░╨╜╨╕╨╖╨╝╨ ░ ╨╜╨░ ╬║╬┐╨╝╨░╨╜╨┤╤â ╨▓╬║╨╗╤Ä╤ç╨╡╨╜╨╕╤Å ┬ú╬╣╨╝4 ╨╕ ╨▓╧ü ╨╡╨╝╨╡╨╜╨╕ ╬┐╤ü╤â╤ë╨╡╤ü╧ä╬ò╨╗╨╡╨╜╨╕╤Å ╧Ç╧ü╬┐╤å╨╡ ╨┤╤â╧ü╤ï ╨░╨▓╧ä╬┐╨╝╨░╧ä╨╕╤ç╨╡╤ü╬║╬┐╨╣ ╨╖╨░╤ë╨╕╧ä╤ï ╬╣ ╨╝5, ╧Ç╧ü╨╕ ┬ú ╬╣ (0) ╧ü = ┬ú╬╣ ╬╣╨╜. ╨┤╬┐╧Ç. = ╬╣ ╧è + ┬ú╬╣╨╝2 + ┬ú╬╣╨╝╨ù + ┬ú ╬╣╨╝4 + ┬ú ╬╣ 5, ╨▓╤ï╨┤╨░╤Ä╧ä ╨ ▓╬┐╨┤╨╕╧ä╨╡╨╗╤Ä

35 ╧ü╨╡╬║╬┐╨╝╬╡╨╜╨┤╨░╤ë╬╣╨╕ ╧Ç╬┐ ╨▓╬┐╨╖╨┤╨╡╨╣╤ü╧ä╨▓╨╕╤ Ä ╨│╧ ╨│╧ü╤â╧Ç╧Ç╤â ╨╕╤ü╧Ç╬┐╨╗╨╜╨╕╧ä╨╡╨╗╤î╨╜╤ï╧ç ╨╝╨╡╧ ç╨░- ╨╜╨╕╨╖╨╝╬┐╨▓ ╨╕ ╬┐╤ü╤â╤ë╨╡╤ü╧ä╨▓╨╗╤Å╤Ä╧ä ╨▓╧ü╤â╤ç ╨╜╤â╤Ä ╧ü╨╡╬║╬┐╨╝╬╡╨╜╨┤╤â╬╡╨╝╤ï╬╡ ╧Ç╧ü╬┐╤å╨╡╨┤╤â╧ü╤ï ╨▓╬┐╨╖- ╨┤╨╡╨╣╨╡╧ä╨▓╨╕╤Å, ╬┐╧Ç╧ü╨╡╨┤╨╡╨╗╤Å╤Ä╧ä ╧Ç╬┐╤ü ╨╡╨╡â╤Ä╤ë╨╡╨╡ ╧ü╨░╤ü╤ç╨╡╧ä╨╜╬┐╬╡ ╨▓╧ü╬╡╨╝╤Å ┬ú╧è (+ 1) ╧ü ╧Ç╬┐ ╨▓╤ï╧ü╨░╨╢╬╡╨╜╨╕╤Ä \ ╬╜╬╕ 98/32625 ╬í╨í╬ñ╨ »╨¿97 / 00061

- 14 -

╬í╬╣! ╨¿ - ╬í╬╣ (+1:

╬Ö╬╣ <+1) ╧ü = ╬ò'┬ú,

5 ╨╡╧ü╨░╨▓╨╜╧è╧è╬ò╨░╤Ä╧ä ┬ú╬╣ * + 1) ╧ü ╤ü ╬╣'0) ╧ü, ╧Ç╧ü╨╕ ╬ ╣╬╕1) ╧ü - ┬ú╬╣'.0) ╧ü ╧Ç╧ü╬┐╨┤╬┐╨╗╨╢╨░- ╤Ä╧ä ╨▓╬┐╨╖╨┤╨╡╨ ╣╤ü╧ä╨▓╬┐╬ò╨░╧ä╤î ╨╜╨░ ╧ä╤â ╨╢╨╡ ╨│╧ü╤â╧Ç╧Ç╤â ╨╕╤ü╧Ç╬┐╨ ╗╨╜╨╕╧ä╨╡╨╗╤î╨╜╤ï╧ç ╨╝╨╡╧ç╨░╨╜╨╕╨╖- ╨╝╬┐╨▓, ╨░ ╧Ç╧ü╨╕ ┬ ú '+1) ╧ü <╬ñ╬╣ (0) ╧ü ╧Ç╧ü╨╕╬ò╬╕╨┤╤Å╧ä ╨▓ ╨┤╨╡╨╣╤ü╧ä╨▓╨╕╨ ╡ ╨┤╬┐╧Ç╬┐╨╗╨╜╨╕- ╧ä╬╡╨╗╤î╨╜╤â╤Ä ╨│╧ü╤â╧Ç╧Ç╤â ╨╕╤ü╧Ç╬┐ ╨╗╨╜╨╕╧ä╬╡╨╗╤î╨╜╤ï╧ç ╨╝╬╡╧ç╨░╨╜╨╕╨╖╨╝╬┐╨æ. ╧Ç╧ü╨╕ ┬ú110) ╧ü = ┬ú ╬╣╨╝╨ù + ╬╣╨╝4 + ┬ú ╬╣ 5 ╧Ç╧ü╨╡╨┤╤â╧Ç╧ü╨╡╨╢ ╨┤╨░╤Ä╧ä ╨▓╬┐╨┤╨╕╧ä╨╡╨╗╤Å ╤ü ╨▓╬║╨╗╤Ä╤ç╬╡╨╜╨╕╨╕

10 ╨░╬ò╧ä╬┐╨╝╨░╧ä╨╕╤ç╬╡╤ü╬║╬┐╨╣ ╨╖╨░╤ë╨╕╧ä╤ï ╨░╨│╧ü╬╡╨ │╨░╧ä╨░ ╤ü ╤ü╬┐╧ç╧ü╨░╨╜╨╡╨╜╨╕╨╡╨╝ ╨▓╬┐╤ì╨╝╬┐╨╢╨╜╬┐╤ü╧ ä╨╕ ╧Ç╧ü╨╡╧ü╤ï╨▓╨░╨╜╨╕╤Å ╨╕╨╝ ╧Ç╧ü╬┐╤å╨╡╤ü╤ü╨░ ╨╜╨╡╨▒╨ ╗╨░╨│╬┐╧Ç╧ü╬╣╤Ä╧ä╨╜╬┐╨│╬┐ ╨╕╨╖╨╝╨╡╨╜╨╡╨╜╨╕╤Å ╧Ç╨░╧ü╨ ░╨╝╨╡╧ä╧ü╨░ ╬ò ╤ü╬┐╬┐╧ä╨▓╨╡╧ä╤ü╧ä╨▓╨╕╨╕ ╤ü ╧ü╨░╨╜╨╡╨╡ ╨ ▓╤ï╨┤╨░╨╜╨╜╤ï╨╝╨╕ ╧ü╨╡╬║╬┐╨╝╬╡╨╜╨┤╨░╤ë╤Ä╤ê╬╣, ╨╜╨░╧Ç ╧ü╨╕╨╝╨╡╧ü ╧Ç╤â╧ä╨╡╨╝ ╬┐╧ä╬║╨╗╤Ä╤ç╨╡╨╜╨╕╤Å ╨░╨│╧ü╨ ╨│╨░╧ä╨░, ╨░ ╧Ç╧ü╨╕ ┬ú╬╣ 0) ╧ü = ┬ú╬╣╨╝4 + ┬ú╬╣╨╝5 ╨░╨▓╧ä╬┐╨ ╝╨░╧ä╨╕- ╤ç╨╡╨╡╬║╨╕ ╨▓╬║╨╗╤Ä╤ç╨░╤Ä╧ä ╨╖╨░╤ë╨╕╧ä╨╜╤ï╨╣ ╨╝╨╡╧ç╨░╨╜╨╕╨╖╨╝, ╬╡╤ü╨╗╨╕ ╧Ç╧ü╬┐╤å╨╡╨┤╤â╧ü╨░ ╨░╨▓╧ä╬ ┐╨╝╨░╧ä╨╕-

1 ╬í ╤ç╨╡╤ü╬║╤ü╨╣ ╨╖╨░╤ë╨╕╧ä╤ï ╨▓╬┐╨┤╨╕╧ä╨╡╨╗╨╡╨╝ ╨╜╨╡ ╬ ┐╧ä╨╝╬╡╨╜╬╡╨╜╨░, ╨╕╨▒╬┐ ╨▓╤ï╨▓╬┐╨┤╤Å╧ä ╨▓╬┐╨┤╨╕╧ä╬╡╨╗ ╤Ä ╨╡╬┐╬┐╨▒╤ë╨╡╨╜╨╕╬╡ ╬┐╨▒ ╨░╨▓╨░╧ü╨╕╨╕ ╤ü ╧ü╨╡╨│╨╕╤ü╧ä ╧ü╨░╤ë╬╣╨╡╨╣ ╨░╨▓╨░╧ü╨╕╨╣╨╜╬┐╨╣ ╨╕╨╜╧å╬┐╧ü╨╝╨░╤ê╬╣╨╕ ╨▓ ╨▒╨╗╬┐╬║╨╡ ╧Ç╬┐╤ü╧ä╬┐╤Å╨╜╨╜╬┐╬ “╧Ç╨░╨╝╤Å╧ä╨╕.

2. ╨í╧Ç╬┐╤ü╬┐╨▒ ╧Ç╬┐ ╧Ç. 1, ╬┐╧ä╨╗╨╕╤ç╨░╤Ä╤ë╨╕╨╣╤ü╤Å ╧ä╨ ╡╨╝, ╤ç╧ä╬┐ ╨▓ ╬║╨░╤ç╨╡╨╡╧ä╨▓╨╡ ╧ü╨░- ╨▒╬┐╤ç╨╕╧ç ╧Ç╨░╧ü╨ ░╨╝╬╡╧ä╧ü╬┐╬ò ╨╕╨╖╨╝╬╡╧ü╤Å╤Ä╧ä ╬┐╨┤╨╜╬┐╨▓╧ü╬╡╨╝╨╡╨╜╨ ╜╤ü ╤ç╨░╤ü╧ä╬┐╧ä╤â ╨▓╧ü╨░╤ë╨╡╨╜╨╕╤Å ╬║╬┐-

20 ╨╗╨╡╨╜╤ç╨░╧ä╬┐╨│╬┐ ╨▓╨░╨╗╨░ ╨┤╨▓╨╕╨│╨░╧ä╨╡╨╗╤Å ╨╕ ╨▓╤ ï╧ç╬┐╨┤╨╜╬┐╨│╬┐ ╨▓╨░╨╗╨░ ╧ä╧ü╨░╨╜╤ü╤ê╤ü╤ü╨╕╨╕, ╧ä╨╡╨╝ - ╧Ç╨╡╧ü╨░╧ä╤â╧ü╤â ╬┐╧ç╨╗╨░╨╢╨┤╨░╤Ä╤ë╨╡╨╣ ╨╢╨╕╨┤╬║╬┐╤ ü╧ä╨╕, ╨╝╨░╤ü╨╗╨░ ╨┤╨▓╨╕╨│╨░╧ä╨╡╨╗╤Å ╨╕ ╧ä╧ü╨░╨╜╤ü╨╝╨╕ ╤ü╨╡╨╕╨╕, ╬┐╬║╧ü╤â╨╢╨░╤Ä╤ë╨╡╬ “╨╡╧ü╨╡╨┤╤ï, ╨▓╤ï╧ç╨╗╬┐ ╧Ç╨╜╤ï╧ç ╬ô╨¡╨ù╬ƒ╬ò ╨╕ ╬┐╧ç╨╗╨░╨╢╨┤╨░╤Ä- ╤ë╬╡╨╣ ╨╢╨╕╨┤╬ ║╬┐╤ü╧ä╨╕ ╨╜╨░ ╨▓╤ï╧ç╬┐╨┤╬╡ ╧Ç╧ü╬╡╨┤╧Ç╤â╤ü╬║╬┐╨▓╬┐╨│ ╬┐ ╧Ç╬┐╨┤╬┐╨│╧ü╨╡╨▓╨░╧ä╨╡╨╗╤Å ╨┤╨▓╨╕╨│╨░╧ä╨╡- ╨╗╤Å, ╨┤ ╨░╨▓╨╗╤ì╨╜╨╕╬╡ ╤ü╨╝╨░╨╖╬║╨╕ ╨╜╨░ ╬ò╧ç╬┐╨┤╨╡ ╨╕ ╨▓╤ï╧ç╬┐ ╨┤╨╡ ╨┤╨▓╨╕╨│╨░╧ä╨╡╨╗╤Å, ╤ü╨╝╨░╨╖╬║╨╕

25 ╧ä╧ü╨░╨╜╤ü╤ê╬╣╤ü╤ü╨╕╨╕, ╨▓╬┐╨╖╨┤╤â╧ç╨░ ╨▓ ╧Ç╨╜╨╡╨▓╨╝ ╬┐╤ü╨╕╤ü╧ä╨╡╨╝╨╡ ╨╕ ╤ü╨╕╤ü╧ä╨╡╨╝╨╡ ╨▓╬┐╨╖╨┤╤â╧ç╬┐╬┐- ╤ ç╨╕╤ü╧ä╬║╨╕ ╨╜╨░ ╨▓╧ç╬┐╨┤╬╡ ╬ò ╨┤╨▓╨╕╨│╨░╧ä╬╡╨╗╤î, ╤â╧ü ╬┐╨▓╨╜╨╕ ╧ä╬┐╧Ç╨╗╨╕╬ò╨░, ╬┐╧ç╨╗╨░╨╢╨┤╨░╤Ä╤ë╬╡╨╣ ╨╢╨╕╨ ┤╬║╬┐╨╡╧ä╨╕ ╨╕ ╤ü╨╝╨░╨╖╬║╨╕ ╨┤╨▓╨╕╨│╨░╧ä╨╡╨╗╤Å ╨╕ ╧ä╧ü╨ ░╨╜╤ü╨╝╨╕╤ü╤ü╨╕╨╕, ╤ì╨╗╨╡╬║╧ä╧ü╨╕╤ç╨╡╤ü╬║╬┐╨╡ ╨╜╨░╧Ç ╧ü╤Å╨╢╨╡╨╜╨╕╨╡ ╨╜╨░ ╬║╬┐╨╜╤å╨╡╨▓╤ï╧ç ╨▓╤ï╬║╨╗╤Ä╤ç ░╧ä╨╡╨╗╤Å╧ç ╧Ç╬┐╨╗╬┐╨╢╨╡╨╜╨╕╤Å ╧ä╬┐╧ü╨╝╬┐╨╖╬┐╨▓, ╨╢╨░ - ╨╗╤Ä╨╖╨╕ ╨╜╨░╨┤ ╧ü╨░╨┤╨╕╨░╧ä╬┐╧ü╨░╤ê╬╣ ╤ü╨╕╤ü╧ä╨╡╨╝ ╬ ┐╧ç╨╗╨░╨╢╨┤╨╡╨╜╨╕╤Å, ╧Ç╨╡╧ü╬╡╨┤╨░╤ç ╧ä╧ü╨░╨╜╤ü╨╝╨╕╤ü ╤ü╨╕╨╕

20 ╨╕ ╨▓ ╬║╬┐╨╜╧ä╧ü╬┐╨╗╤î╨╜╤ï╧ç ╧ä╬┐╤ç╬║╨░╧ç ╤ì╨╗╨╡╬║╧ä╧ ü╬┐╤å╨╡╧Ç╬╡╨╣ ╧ä╧ü╨░╨╜╤ü╧Ç╬┐╧ü╧ä╨╜╬┐╨│╬┐ ╤ü╧ü╨╡╨┤╨╡╧ ä╨▓╨░.

3. ╨í╧Ç╬┐╤ü╬┐╨▒ ╧Ç╬┐ ╧Ç.1 ╨╕╨╗╨╕ 2, ╬┐╧ä╨╗╨╕╤ç╨░╤Ä╤ë╨╕╨╣ ╤ü╤Å ╧ä╨╡╨╝, ╤ç╧ä╬┐ ╧Ç╧ü╨╕ ╨╝╨╡╨┤- ╨╗╨╡╨╜╨╜╬┐ ╨╕╨╖╨╝╨╡╨╜ ╤Å╤Ä╤ê╨╕╧ç╤ü╤Å ╧ü╨░╨▒╬┐╤ç╨╕╧ç ╧Ç╨░╧ü╨░╨╝╨╡╧ä╧ü╨░╧ç ╨╕ ╨╖╨╝╨╡╧ü╬╡╨╜╨╜╤ï╬╡ ╧ä╨╡╬║╤â╤ë╨╕╨╡ ╨╖╨╜╨░╤ç╨╡╨╜╨╕╤Å ╧Ç ╨░╧ü╨░╨╝╨╡╧ä╧ü╬┐╨▓, ╨░ ╧ä╨░╬║╨╢╨╡ ╨▓╤ï╤ç╨╕╤ü╨╗╨╡╨╜╨╜╤ ï╨╡ ╨╖╨╜╨░╤ç╨╡╨╜╨╕╤Å ╧ü╨░╤ü╤ç╨╡╧ä╨╜╬┐- ╨│╬┐ ╬ò╧ü╨╡╨╝╬╡ ╨╜╨╕ ╧ü╬╡╨│╨╕╤ü╧ä╧ü╨╕╧ü╤â╤Ä╧ä ╨▓ ╨▒╨╗╬┐╬║╬╡ ╧Ç╬┐╤ü╧ä╬┐ ╤Å ╜╨╜╬┐╬ «╧Ç╨░╨╝╤Å╧ä╨╕.

35 4. ╨í╧Ç╬┐╤ü╬┐╨▒ ╧Ç╬┐ ╧Ç.3, ╬┐╧ä╨╗╨╕╤ç╨░╤Ä╤╤╨╕╨╣╤╨╕╨╣╤╤╤ ╧ä ╨╡╨╝, ╤ç╧ä╬┐ ╨╜╨░ ╬┐╤ü╨╜╬┐╨▓╨╡ ╨╖╨░╧ü╨╡- ╨│╨╕╤ü╧ä╧ü╨╕╧ü ╬┐╨▓╨░╨╜╨╜╤ï╧ç ╨▓ ╨▒╨╗╬┐╬║╨╡ ╧Ç╨░╤ê╧ä╨╕ ╨┤╨░╨╜╨╜╤ï╧ç, ╨ ▓ ╧ä╬┐╨╝ ╤ç╨╕╨╡╨╗╨╡ ╧Ç╨░╧ü╨░> ╨╗╨╡╧ä- ╧ü╬┐╨▓, ╨╕╨╝╨╡╤Ä╤ë ╨╕╧ç ╨┤╬╣╬╣╨╜╨░╤ê╬╣╤ç╨╡╤ü╬║╨╕╨╣ ╧ç╨░╧ü╨░╬║╧ä╬╡╧ü, ╧Ç╧ ü╬┐╨╕╨╖╨▓╬┐╨┤╤Å╧ä ╨┤╨╕╨░╨│╨╜╬┐╤ü╧ä╨╕╬║╤â ╨╜╬╡╨╕╤ü╧Ç╧ ü╨░╨▓╨╜╬┐╤ü╧ä╨╡╨╣ ╨░╨│╧ü╨╡╨│╨░╧ä╬┐╨▓ ╧ä╧ü╨░╨╜╤ü╧Ç╬┐╧ ü╧ä ╜╬┐╨│╤ü ╤ü╧ü╨╡╨┤╤ü╧ä╨▓╨░. \ ╬╜╬╕ 98/32625 _ ₁₅ _

╨ÿ╨ù╬ £ ╬ò╬ù╬ò╬ù╬ù╬æ╨ »╬ª╬ƒ╬í╬ £ ╨ú╨ ¢ ╬æ ╨ÿ╨ù╬ƒ╨æ╬í╬ò╬ñ╬ò ╬ù╨ÿ╨ "

[╧Ç╬┐╨╗╤â╤ç╨╡╨╜╨░╬ £ ╨╡╨╢╨┤╤â╨╜╨░╧ü╬┐╨┤╨╜╤ï╨╝ ╨▒╤Ä╧ü╬ ┐ 15 SEPTEMBER 1997 (10.15.97) ╧Ç╨╡╧ü╨▓╬┐╨╜╨░╤ç╨░╨╗╤î╨╜╬┐ ╨╖ ╨░╤Å╨▓╨╗╨╡╨╜╨╜╤ï╨╡ ╧Ç╤â╨╜╬║╧ä╤ï 1-4 ╧å╬┐╧ü╨╝╤â╨╗╤ï ╨╕╨ ╖╬┐╨▒╧ü╨╡╧ä╨╡╨╜╨╕╤Å ╨╖╨░╨╝╨╡╨╜╨╡╨╜╤ï ╨╕╨╖╨╝╨╡╨╜╤æ╨╜╨ ╜╤ï╨╝╨╕ ╧Ç╤â╨╜╬║╧ä╨░╨╝╨╕ 1-3 (2 ╤ü╧ä╧ü╨░╨╜╨╕╤å╤ï)]

╬ª╬┐╧ü╨╝╤â╨╗╨░ ╨╕╨╖╬┐╨▒╧ü╨╡╧ä╨╡╨╜╨╕╤Å 1. ╨í╧Ç╬┐╤ü╬┐╨▒ ╤â╧Ç╧ü╨░╨▓╨╗╨╡╨╜╨╕╤Å ╨░╨│╧ü╨╡╨│╨░╧ä╨░╨╝╨╕ ╧ä╧ü╨░╨╜╤ü ╧Ç╬┐╧ü╧ä╨╜╬┐╨│╬┐ ╤ü╧ü╨╡╨┤╤ü╧ä╨▓╨░ ╨▓ ╨┤╨╕╨╜╨░╨╝╨╕╤ç╨╡ ╤ü╬║╬┐╨╝ ╧ü╨╡╨╢╨╕╨╝╨╡, ╤ü╬┐╨│╨╗╨░╤ü╨╜╬┐ ╬║╬┐╧ä╬┐╧ü╬┐╨ ╝╤â ╨░╧Ç╧ü╨╕╬┐╧ü╨╜╬┐ ╨┤╨╗╤Å ╬║╨░╨╢╨┤╬┐╨│╬┐ 1-╨│╨╛ ╧ü╨░╨ ▒╬┐╤ç╨╡╨│╬┐ ╧Ç╨░╧ü╨░╨╝╨╡╧ä╧ü╨░ ╬║╨░╨╢╨┤╬┐╨│╬┐ 5 ╨░╨│╧ü ╨╡╨│╨░╧ä╨░ ╨╜╨░ ╬┐╤ü╨╜╬┐╨▓╨╡ ╤ü╧ä╨░╧ä╨╕╤ü╧ä╨╕╤ç╨╡ ü╬║╨╕╧ç ╨┤╨░╨╜╨╜╤ï╧ç ╧Ç╧ü╨╕ ╨╜╨░╧ä╤â╧ü╨╜╤ï╧ç ╨╕╤ü╧Ç╤ï╧ ä╨░╨╜╨╕╤Å╧ç ╨╕ / ╨╕╨╗╨╕ ╧Ç╤â╧ä╨╡╨╝ ╨╝╬┐╨┤╨╡╨╗╨╕╧ü╬┐╨▓╨░ ╨╜╨╕╤Å ╬║╧ü╨╕╧ä╨╕╤ç╨╡╤ü╬║╨╕╧ç ╤ü╨╕╧ä╤â╨░╤å╨╕╨╣ ╬┐╧Ç╧ü ╨╡╨┤╨╡╨╗╤Å╤Ä╧ä ╨╝╨╕╨╜╨╕╨╝╨░╨╗╤î╨╜╬┐ ╨┤╬┐╧Ç╤â╤ü╧ä╨╕╨╝ ╬┐╨╡ ╨▓╧ü╨╡╨╝╤Å ╨í1 ╨╝╨╕╨╜. ╨┤╬┐╧Ç ╨┤╬┐╤ü╧ä╨╕╨╢╨╡╨╜╨╕╤Å ╧Ç╨░╧ü╨░╨╝╨╡╧ä╧ü╬┐╨╝ ╧Ç╬┐ ╧ü╬┐╨│╬┐╨▓╬┐╨│╬┐ ╨╖╨╜╨░╤ç╨╡╨╜╨╕╤Å ╬í┬▒ (╧Ç), ╨┤╬┐╤ü╧ä╨ ░╧ä╬┐╤ç╨╜╬┐╨╡ ╨┤╨╗╤Å ╨░╨┤╨╡╬║╨▓╨░╧ä╨╜╬┐╨╣ ╧ü╨╡╨░╬║╤å╨ ╕╨╕ ╨╕ ╨▓╬┐╨╖╨┤╨╡╨╣╤ü╧ä╨▓╨╕╨╣

╨ "╨▓╬┐╨┤╨╕╧ä╨╡╨╗╤Å ╧Ç╬┐ ╧Ç╧ü╨╡╨┤╬┐╧ä╨▓╧ü╨░╤ê╨╡╨╜╨╕╤Ä ╤â╬║╨░╨╖╨░╨╜╨╜╬┐╨│╬┐ ╨┤╬┐╤ü╧ä╨╕╨╢╨╡╨╜╨╕╤Å ╨╕ / ╨╕╨╗╨╕ ╧ ü╨╡╨░╨╗╨╕╨╖╨░╤å╨╕╨╕ ╤ü╬┐╬┐╧ä╨▓╨╡╧ä╤ü╧ä╨▓╤â╤Ä╤ë╨╡╨╣ ╨ ░╨▓╧ä╬┐╨╝╨░╧ä╨╕╤ç╨╡╤ü╬║╬┐╨╣ ╧Ç╧ü╬┐╤å╨╡╨┤╤â╧ü╤ï ╨╖╨░╤ ╨╕╧╨╕╧ä╤ï ╨░╨│╧ü╨╡╨│╨░╧ä╨░. ╧Ç╨╡╧ü╨╕╬┐╨┤╨╕╤ç╨╡╤ü╬║╨╕ ╤ç╨╡╧ü╨╡╨╖ ╨▓╧ü╨╡╨╝╨╡╨╜╨╜╤ï ╨╡ ╨╕╨╜╧ä╨╡╧ü╨▓╨░╨╗╤ï ╬⌐ ╨í ╨╕╨╖╨╝╨╡╧ü╤Å╤Ä╧ä ╬║╨░╨╢╨┤╤ï ╨╣ 1 -╤ï╨╣ ╧ü╨░╨▒╬┐╤ç╨╕╨╣ ╧Ç╨░╧ü╨░╨╝╨╡╧ä╧ü ╨░╨│╧ü╨╡╨│╨░ ╧ä╨░, ╤ü╧ü╨░╨▓╨╜╨╕╨▓╨░╤Ä╧ä ╨╡╨│╬┐ ╧ä╨╡╬║╤â╤ë╨╡╨╡ ╨╖╨╜╨ ░╤ç╨╡╨╜╨╕╨╡ ╬í┬▒ (0) ╤ü ╧Ç╧ü╨╡╨┤╤ê╨╡╤ü╧ä╨▓╤â╤Ä╤ë╨╕╨╝

15 ╬í┬▒ (-1) ╨╕ ╧Ç╬┐╧ü╬┐╨│╬┐╨▓╤ï╨╝ ╬í ┬▒ (╧Ç) ╨╖╨╜╨░╤ç╨╡╨╜╨ ╕╤Å╨╝╨╕ ╨╕ ╧Ç╬┐ ╧ü╨╡╨╖╤â╨╗╤î╧ä╨░╧ä╨░╨╝ ╤ì╧ä╬┐╨│╬┐ ╤ü╧ü╨ ░╨▓╨╜╨╡╨╜╨╕╤Å ╬┐╧Ç╧ü╨╡╨┤╨╡╨╗╤Å╤Ä╧ä ╨╜╨░╧Ç╧ü╨░╨▓╨╗╨╡╨ ╜╨╕╨╡ ╨╕╨╖╨╝╨╡╨╜╨╡╨╜╨╕╤Å ╧Ç╨░╧ü╨░╨╝╨╡╧ä╧ü╨░ ╨╕ ╧ü╨░╤ü╤ ç╨╡╧ä╨╜╬┐╨╡ ╨▓╧ü╨╡╨╝╤Å ╨ÿ┬▒ (0) ╧ü ╨┤╬┐╤ü╧ä╨╕╨╢╨╡╨╜╨╕╤Å ╨╕╨╝ ╧Ç╬┐╧ü╬┐╨│╬┐╨▓╬┐╨│╬┐ ╨╖╨╜╨░╤ç╨╡╨╜╨╕╤Å ╬í ┬▒ (╧Ç), ╤ ü╧ü╨░╨▓╨╜╨╕╨▓╨░╤Ä╧ä ╤ü_ (0) ╧ü ╤ü ╨í 1 ╨╝╨╕╨╜. ╨┤╬┐╧Ç ╨╕ ╧Ç╧ü╨╕ ╤â╤ü╨╗╬┐╨▓╨╕╨╕ ╨¼┬▒ (0) ╧ü ^. ╨í ┬▒ ╨╝╨╕╨╜. ╨┤╬┐╧Ç

20 ╨▓╬┐╨╖╨┤╨╡╨╣╤ü╧ä╨▓╤â╤Ä╧ä ╨╜╨░ ╤ü╬┐╬┐╧ä╨▓╨╡╧ä╤ü╧ä╨▓╤ ╤╤╧Ç╬┐╨╗╨╜╨╕╧╤╨╕╨╡ ╨╕╤╨╕╤╧Ç╬┐╨╗╨╜╨╕╧╧Ç╬┐╨╗╨╜╨╕╧╨╡╨╗╤╨╜╤╨╜╤╨╡ ╨╝╨╡╧╨╝╨╡╧╨░╨╜╨╕╨ ╖╨╝╤ï ╨░╨│╧ü╨╡╨│╨░╧ä╨░, ╬┐ ╧ä ╨╗ ╨╕ ╤ç ╨░ ╤Ä ╤ë ╨╕ ╨╣ ╤ü ╤Å ╧ä╨╡ ╨╝, ╤ç╧ä╬┐ ╨▓ ╧Ç╧ü╨╡╨┤╨╡╨╗╨░╧ç ╨▓╧ü╨╡╨╝╨╡╨╜╨╕ ╨í ┬▒ ╨╝╨╕╨ ╜. ╨┤╬┐╧Ç ╨┤╬┐╧Ç╬┐╨╗╨╜╨╕╧ä╨╡╨╗╤î╨╜╬┐ ╬┐╤ü╤â╤ë╨╡╤ü╧ä╨▓╨╗ ╤Å╤Ä╧ä ╧Ç╬┐╤ì╧ä╨░╧Ç╨╜╤ï╨╡ ╧Ç╧ü╬┐╤å╨╡╨┤╤â╧ü╤ï ╧Ç╬┐ ╧å╬┐ ╧ü╨╝╨╕╧ü╬┐╨▓╨░╨╜╨╕╤Ä ╧ü╨╡╬║╬┐╨╝╨╡╨╜╨┤╨░╤å╨╕╨╣ ╨▓╬┐╨┤ ╨╕╧ä╨╡╨╗╤Ä ╧ä╧ü╨░╨╜╤ü╧Ç╬┐╧ü╧ä╨╜╬┐╨│╬┐ ╤ü╧ü╨╡╨┤╤ü╧ä╨▓ ╨░ ╨┤╨╗╤Å

25 ╨▓╬┐╨╖╨┤╨╡╨╣╤ü╧ä╨▓╨╕╤Å ╨╜╨░ ╨╕╤ü╧Ç╬┐╨╗╨╜╨╕╧ä╨╡╨╗╤î╨ ╜╤ï╨╡ ╨╕ ╨╖╨░╤ê╨╕╧ä╨╜╤ï╨╡ ╨╝╨╡╧ç╨░╨╜╨╕╨╖╨╝╤ï ╨░╨│╧ü╨╡╨ │╨░╧ä╨░ ╤ü ╤â╤ç╨╡╧ä╬┐╨╝: ╤ü ╨╝╧è - ╤ü╤â╨╝╨╝╨░╧ü╨╜╬┐╨│╬┐ ╨ ▓╧ü╨╡╨╝╨╡╨╜╨╕ ╧ü╨╡╨░╬║╤å╨╕╨╕ ╨▓╬┐╨┤╨╕╧ä╨╡╨╗╤Å ╨╜╨░ ╧Ç╬ ┐╨╗╤â╤ç╨░╨╡╨╝╤ï╨╡ ╧ü╨╡╬║╬┐╨╝╨╡╨╜╨┤╨░╤å╨╕╨╕ ╧Ç╬┐ ╨▓╬┐╨ ╖╨┤╨╡╨╣╤ü╧ä╨▓╨╕╤Ä ╨╜╨░ ╨╕╤ü╧Ç╬┐╨╗╨╜╨╕╧ä╨╡╨╗╤î╨╜╤ï╨╡ ╨ ╝╨╡╧ç╨░╨╜╨╕╨╖╨╝╤ï ╨░╨│╧ü╨╡╨│╨░╧ä╨░ ╨╕ ╬┐╤ü╤â╤ ╨╡╤ü╧ä╨▓╨╗╨╡╨╜╨╕╤Ä ╨▓╬┐╨┤╨╕╧ä╨╡╨╗╨╡╨╝

30 ╧ü╨╡╬║╬┐╨╝╨╡╨╜╨┤╤â╨╡╨╝╤ï╧ç ╧Ç╧ü╬┐╤å╨╡╨┤╤â╧ü,

╬û┬▒ ╨╝2 - ╨▓╧ü╨╡╨╝╨╡╨╜╨╕ ╧ü╨╡╨░╬║╤å╨╕╨╕ ╨▓╬┐╨┤╨╕╧ä╨╡╨╗ ╤Å ╨╜╨░ ╧Ç╧ü╨╡╨┤╤â╧Ç╧ü╨╡╨╢╨┤╨╡╨╜╨╕╨╡ ╬┐ ╨▓╬║╨╗╤Ä╤ç╨╡╨╜ ╨╕╨╕ ╨░╨▓╧ä╬┐╨╝╨░╧ä╨╕╤ç╨╡╤ü╬║╬┐╨╣ ╨╖╨░╤ë╨╕╧ä╤ï ╨░╨│╧ü ╨╡╨│╨░╧ä╨░, ┬▒ ╨╝╨ù -╨▓╧ü╨╡╨╝╨╡╨╜╨╕ ╧ü╨╡╨░╬║╤å╨╕╨╕ ╨╕╤ü ╧Ç╬┐╨╗╨╜╨╕╧ä╨╡╨╗╤î╨╜╬┐╨│╬┐ ╨╝╨╡╧ç╨░╨╜╨╕╨╖╨╝╨░ ╨╜╨░ ╬║ ╬┐╨╝╨░╨╜╨┤╤â ╨▓╬║╨╗╤Ä╤ç╨╡╨╜╨╕╤Å ╨╕ ╬┐╤ü╤â╤ë╨╡╤ü╧ä╨▓╨╗ ╨╡╨╜╨╕╤Å ╨░╨▓╧ä╬┐╨╝╨░╧ä╨╕╤ç╨╡╤ü╬║╬┐╨╣

35 ╨╖╨░╤ê╨╕╧ä╤ï, ╧Ç╧ü╨╕ ╤ì╧ä╬┐╨╝ ╨╜╨░ ╧Ç╨╡╧ü╨▓╬┐╨╝ ╤ì╧ä╨│ ╤ê╨╡ ╧Ç╧ü╨╕ ╤â╤ü╨╗╬┐╨▓╨╕╨╕ ╧ï┬▒ (0) ╧ü ^╤ü 1 ╨╝╨╕╨╜. ╨┤╬┐╧Ç = ╨í1 ╨╝╧è + ╨í╧è ╨╝2 + ╬û┬▒ ╨╝╨ù ╧å╬┐╧ü╨╝╨╕╧ü╤â╤Ä╧ä ╧ü ╨╡╬║╬┐╨╝╨╡╨╜╨┤╨░╤å╨╕╨╕ ╨┤╨╗╤Å ╨▓╬┐╨┤╨╕╧ä╨╡╨╗╤Å ╧ä╧ü╨░ ╨╜╤ü╧Ç╬┐╧ü╧ä╨╜╬┐╨│╬┐ ╤ü╧ü╨╡╨┤╤ü╧ä╨▓╨░ ╧Ç╬┐ ╧ü╤â╤ç╨╜╬┐ ╨╝╤â ╨▓╬┐╨╖╨┤╨╡╨╣╤ü╧ä╨▓╨╕╤Ä ╨╜╨░ ╬┐╤ü╨╜╬┐╨▓╨╜╤â╤Ä ╨│╧ü ╤â╧Ç╧Ç╤â

╨ÿ╨ù╬ £ ╬ò╬ù╨ü╬ù╬ù╨½╨Ö╨ ¢ ╨ÿ╨í╬ñ (╨í╬ñ╬æ╬ñ╨¼╨ »19) \ ╬╜╬╕ 98/32625 -16- ╬í╨í╬ñ╨ »╨¿97 / 00061

╨╕╤ü╧Ç╬┐╨╗╨╜╨╕╧ä╨╡╨╗╤î╨╜╤ï╧ç ╨╝╨╡╧ç╨░╨╜╨╕╨╖╨╝╬┐╨▓ ╨░ ╨│╧ü╨╡╨│╨░╧ä╨░, ╬┐╤ü╤â╤ë╨╡╤ü╧ä╨▓╨╗╤Å╤Ä╧ä ╧ü╨╡╬║╬┐╨╝╨ ╡╨╜╨┤╤â╨╡╨╝╤ï╨╡ ╧Ç╧ü╬┐╤å╨╡╨┤╤â╧ü╤ï ╧ü╤â╤ç╨╜╬┐╨│╬┐ ╨▓╬ ┐╨╖╨┤╨╡╨╣╤ü╧ä╨▓╨╕╤Å, ╧Ç╨╡╧ü╨╕╬┐╨┤╨╕╤ç╨╡╤ü╬║╨╕ ╤ç╨╡╧ü ╨╡╨╖ ╨▓╧ü╨╡╨╝╨╡╨╜╨╜╤ï╨╡ ╨╕╨╜╧ä╨╡╧ü╨▓╨░╨╗╤ï ╬ƒ _ ╨╕╨╖╨╝╨ ╡╧ü╤Å╤Ä╧ä 2-╤ï╨╣ ╧ü╨░╨▒╬┐╤ç╨╕╨╣ ╧Ç╨░╧ü╨░╨╝╨╡╧ä╧ü ╨░╨│╧ ü╨╡╨│╨░╧ä╨░, ╬┐╧Ç╧ü╨╡╨┤╨╡╨╗╤Å╤Ä╧ä ╨╜╨░╧Ç╧ü╨░╨▓╨╗╨╡╨╜ ╨ ╨╡ 5 ╨╡╨│╬┐ ╨╕╨╖╨╝╨╡╨╜╨╡╨╜╨╕╤Å ╧Ç╬┐╤ü╨╗╨╡ ╨╜╨░╤ç╨░╨╗╨░ ╧ ü╤â╤ç╨╜╬┐╨│╬┐ ╨▓╬┐╨╖╨┤╨╡╨╣╤ü╧ä╨▓╨╕╤Å, ╤ü╧ü╨░╨▓╨╜╨╕╨▓ ╨░╤Å ╧ü╨░╤ü╤ç╨╡╧ä╨╜╬┐╨╡ ╨▓╧ü╨╡╨╝╤Å ╨┤╬┐╤ü╧ä╨╕╨╢╨╡╨╜╨╕ ╤Å ╧Ç╨░╧ü╨░╨╝╨╡╧ä╧ü╬┐╨╝ ╨╡╨│╬┐ ╧Ç╬┐╧ü╬┐╨│╬┐╨▓╬┐╨│╬┐ ╨╖ ╨╜╨░╤ç╨╡╨╜╨╕╤Å ╨┤╨╗╤Å ╧Ç╬┐╤ü╨╗╨╡╨┤╤â╤Ä╤ë╨╡╨│╬┐ ╬û┬▒ (+ 1) ╧ü ╨╕ ╧Ç╧ü╨╡╨┤╤ï╨┤╤â╤ë╨╡╨│╬┐ ╧ï_ (0) ╧ü ╨╝╬┐╨╝╨╡╨╜╧ä╬┐╨ _{▓ ╨▓╧ü╨╡╨╝╨╡╨╜╨╕ ╨╕ ╧Ç╧ü╨╕ ┬ú╧è (+1)} ╬í> ┬ú ( 0) ╧ü ╧Ç╧ü╬┐╨┤ ┐╨╗╨╢╨░╤Ä╧ä ╨▓╬┐╨╖╨┤╨╡╨╣╤ü╧ä╨▓╬┐╨▓╨░╧ä╤î ╨╜╨░ 0 ╬┐╤ü╨╜ ╬┐╨▓╨╜╤â╤Ä ╨│╧ü╤â╧Ç╧Ç╤â ╨╕╤ü╧Ç╬┐╨╗╨╜╨╕╧ä╨╡╨╗╤î╨╜╤ï╧ç ╨╝╨╡╧ç╨░╨╜╨╕╨╖╨╝╬┐╨▓ ╨░╨│╧ü╨╡╨│╨░╧ä╨░, ╨░ ╧Ç╧ü╨╕ ╨¬┬▒ ₍ +1) ╧ü ^ ╨¼┬▒ (0) ╧ü ╬┐╤ü╤â╤ë╨╡╤ü╧ä╨▓╨╗╤Å╤Ä╧ä ╧ü╤â╤ç╨╜╬┐╨ ╡ ╨▓╬┐╨╖╨┤╨╡╨╣╤ü╧ä╨▓╨╕╨╡ ╨╜╨░ ╨┤╬┐╧Ç╬┐╨╗╨╜╨╕╧ä╨╡╨╗╤î╨ ╜╤â╤Ä ╨│╧ü╤â╧Ç╧Ç╤â ╨╕╤ü╧Ç╬┐╨╗╨╜╨╕╧ä╨╡╨╗╤î╨╜╤ï ^╧ç ╨╝╨╡╧ ç╨░╨╜╨╕╨╖╨╝╬┐╨▓ ╨░╨│╧ü╨╡╨│╨░╧ä╨░, ╨╜╨░ ╨▓╧ä╬┐╧ü╬┐╨╝ ╤ì ä╨░╧Ç╨╡ ╧Ç╧ü╨╕ ╤â╤ü╨╗╬┐╨▓╨╕╨╕ _┬ú ┬▒ (0) ╧ü <: ┬ú┬▒ ╨╝2 + ╨í_ ╨╝ ╨ù ╧å╬┐╧ü╨╝╨╕╧ü╤â╤Ä╧ä ╧Ç╧ü╨╡╨┤╤â╧Ç╧ü╨╡╨╢╨┤╨░╤Ä╤ë╨╕╨╣ 5 ╤ü╨╕╨│╨╜╨░╨╗ ╨┤╨╗╤Å ╨▓╬┐╨┤╨╕╧ä╨╡╨╗╤Å ╬┐ ╧Ç╧ü╨╡╨┤╤ü╧ä╬ ┐╤Å╤ë╨╡╨╝ ╨▓╬║╨╗╤Ä╤ç╨╡╨╜╨╕╨╕ ╨░╨▓╧ä╬┐╨╝╨░╧ä╨╕╤ç╨╡╤ü╬ ║╬┐╨╣ ╨╖╨░╤ë╨╕╧ä╤ï ╨░╨│╧ü╨╡╨│╨░╧ä╨░ ╤ü ╤ü╬┐ ^╧ç ╧ü╨░╨╜╨╡╨ ╜╨╕╨╡╨╝ ╨▓╬┐╨╖╨╝╬┐╨╢╨╜╬┐╤ü╧ä╨╕ ╧Ç╧ü╨╡╧ü╤ï╨▓╨░╨╜╨╕╤Å ╧ Ç╧ü╬┐╤å╨╡╤ü╤ü╨░ ╨╜╨╡╨▒╨╗╨░╨│╬┐╧Ç╧ü╨╕╤Å╧ä╨╜╬┐╨│╬┐ ╨ ╨╖╨╝╨╡╨╜╨╡╨╜╨╕╤Å ╧Ç╨░╧ü╨░╨╝╨╡╧ä╧ü╨░ ╨▓ ╤ü╬┐╬┐╧ä╨▓╨╡╧ä ╤ü╧ä╨▓╨╕╨╕ ╤ü╬┐ ╤ü╧å╬┐╧ü╨╝╨╕╧ü╬┐╨▓╨░╨╜╨╜╤ï╨╝╨╕ ╨╜╨░ ╧Ç ╧ü╨╡╨┤╤ï╨┤╤â╤ë╨╡╨╝ ╤ì╧ä╨░╧Ç╨╡ ╧ü╨╡╬║╬┐╨╝╨╡╨╜╨┤╨░╤å╨╕ ╤Å╨╝╨╕, ╨╜╨░╧Ç╧ü╨╕╨╝╨╡╧ü ╧Ç╤â╧ä╨╡╨╝ 0 ╬┐╧ä╬║╨╗╤Ä╤ç╨╡╨╜ ╨╕╤Å ╨░╨│╧ü╨╡╨│╨░╧ä╨░, ╨╕╨╗╨╕ ╤ü ╨┤╬┐╧Ç╬┐╨╗╨╜╨╕╧ä╨╡╨╗╤ î╨╜╬┐╨╣ ╨▓╬┐╨╖╨╝╬┐╨╢╨╜╬┐╤ü╧ä╤î╤Ä ╨╖╨░╧Ç╧ü╨╡╧ä╨░ ╨░╨▓╧ ä╬┐╨╝╨░╧ä╨╕╤ç╨╡╤ü╬║╬┐╨╣ ╨╖╨░╤ë╨╕╧ä╤ï, ╨╜╨░╧Ç╧ü╨╕╨ ╨╡╧ü ╧Ç╤â╧ä╨╡╨╝ ╨▓╨▓╬┐╨┤╨░ ╬║╬┐╨╝╨░╨╜╨┤╤ï ╬┐╧ä╨╝╨╡╨╜╤ï ╨╕╨╗╨╕ ╨╖╨░╨┤╨╡╧ü╨╢╬║╨╕ ╧å╤â╨╜╬║╤å╨╕╨╕ ╨░╨▓╧ä╬┐╨╝╨░╧ä ╨╕╤ç╨╡╤ü╬║╬┐╨╣ ╨╖╨░╤ë╨╕╧ä╤ï ╨░╨│╧ü╨╡╨│╨░╧ä╨░ _╨│ ╨╜╨░ ╧ä ╧ü╨╡╧ä╤î╨╡╨╝ ╤ì╧ä╨░╧Ç╨╡ ╧Ç╧ü╨╕ ╨¼┬▒ (0) ╧ü ╬╛ ╨í_ ╨╝╨ù ╬┐╤ü╤ â╤ë╨╡╤ü╧ä╨▓╨╗╤Å╤Ä╧ä ╨░╨▓╧ä╬┐╨╝╨░╧ä╨╕╤ç╨╡╤ü╬║╬┐╨╡ ╨▓╬ ║╨╗╤Ä╤ç╨╡╨╜╨╕╨╡ ╨╝╨╡ ^╧ç ╨░╨╜╨╕╨╖╨╝╨░ ╨╖╨░╤ë╨╕╧ä╤ï, 5 ╨╡╤ ü╨╗╨╕ ╨╜╨░ ╧Ç╧ü╨╡╨┤╤ï╨┤╤â╤ë╨╡╨╝ ╤ì╧ä╨░╧Ç╨╡ ╬┐╨╜╬ ╨╜╨╡ ╬┐╧ä╨╝╨╡╨╜╨╡╨╜╬┐ ╨▓╬┐╨┤╨╕╧ä╨╡╨╗╨╡╨╝, ╨╗╨╕╨▒╬┐ ╧å╬ ┐╧ü╨╝╨╕╧ü╤â╤Ä╧ä ╤ü╬┐╬┐╨▒╤ë╨╡╨╜╨╕╨╡ ╨┤╨╗╤Å ╨▓╬┐╨┤╨╕╧ä╨ ╡╨╗╤Å ╬┐ ╨┤╬┐╤ü╧ä╨╕╨╢╨╡╨╜╨╕╨╕ ╨╕ ╨▓╨╡╨╗╨╕╤ç╨╕╨╜╨╡ ╧Ç╧ü╨ ╤ï╤ê╨╡╨╜╨╕╤Å ╤ü╬┐╬┐╧ä╨▓╨╡╧ä╤ü╧ä╨▓╤â╤Ä╤ë╨╕╧ç ╧ü╨░╨ ▒╬┐╤ç╨╕ ^╧ç ╧Ç╨░╧ü╨░╨╝╨╡╧ä╧ü╬┐╨▓ ╧Ç╬┐╧ü╬┐╨│╬┐╨▓╬┐╨│╬┐ ╨ ╖╨╜╨░╤ç╨╡╨╜╨╕╤Å ╨╕ ╧ü╨╡╨│╨╕╤ü╧ä╧ü╨╕╧ü╤â╤Ä╧ä ╤â╬║╨░╨╖╨ ░╨╜╨╜╤â╤Ä ╨░╨▓╨░╧ü╨╕╨╣╨╜╤â╤Ä ╨╕╨╜╧å╬┐╧ü╨╝╨░╤å╨ ╤Ä ╨▓ ╨▒╨╗╬┐╬║╨╡ ╧Ç ^{'╬┐╤ü╧ä╬┐╤Å╨╜╨╜╬┐╨╣} ╧Ç╨░╨╝╤Å╧ä╨╕ 0 2. ╨í╧Ç╬┐╤ü╬┐╨▒ ╧Ç╬┐ ╧Ç.1,2, ╬┐ ╧ä ╨╗ ╨╕ ╤ç ╨░ ╤Ä ╤ë ╨╕ ╨╣ ╤ü ╤Å ╧ä╨ ╡╨╝, ╤ç╧ä╬┐ ╨╕╨╖╨╝╨╡╧ü╨╡╨╜╨╜╤ï╨╡ ╨╖╨╜╨░╤ç╨╡╨╜╨╕╤Å ╧ü╨░ ╨▒╬┐╤ç╨╕╧ç ╧Ç╨░╧ü╨░╨╝╨╡╧ä╧ü╬┐╨▓, ╨░ ╧ä╨░╬║╨╢╨╡ ╨▓╤ï╤ç╨ ╕╤ü╨╗╨╡╨╜╨╜╤ï╨╡ ╨╖╨╜╨░╤ç╨╡╨╜╨╕╤Å ╧ü╨░╤ü╤ç╨╡╧ä╨╜╬┐╨│╬ ┐ ╨▓╧ü╨╡╨╝╨╡╨╜╨╕ ╨┤╬┐╤ü╧ä╨╕╨╢╨╡╨╜╨╕╤Å ╧Ç╨░╧ü╨░╨╝╨╡╧ä╧ ü╬┐╨╝ ╨╡╨│╬┐ ╧Ç╬┐╧ü╬┐╨│╬┐╨▓╬┐╨│╬┐ ╨╖╨╜╨░╤ç╨╡╨╜╨╕ ╤Å ╧ü╨╡╨│╨╕╤ü╧ä╧ü╨╕╧ü╤â╤Ä╧ä ╨▓ ╨▒╨╗╬┐╬║╨╡ ╧Ç╬┐╤ü╧ä╬┐╤Å ╨╜╨╜╬┐╨╣ ╧Ç╨░╨╝╤Å╧ä╨╕. 5 ╨ù.╨í╧Ç╬┐╤ü╬┐╨▒ ╧Ç╬┐ ╧Ç╧Ç.1,2, ╬┐ ╧ä ╨╗ ╨╕ ╤ç ╨░ ╤Ä ╤ë ╨╕ ╨╣ ╤ ü ╤Å ╧ä╨╡╨╝, ╤ç╧ä╬┐ ╨╖╨░╧ü╨╡╨│╨╕╤ü╧ä╧ü╨╕╧ü╬┐╨▓╨░╨╜╨╜╤ï ╨╡ ╨▓ ╨▒╨╗╬┐╬║╨╡ ╧Ç╬┐╤ü╧ä╬┐╤Å╨╜╨╜╬┐╨╣ ╧Ç╨░╨╝╤Å╧ä╨╕ ╨┤╨░ ╨╜╨╜╤ï╨╡ ╨╕╤ü╧Ç╬┐╨╗╤î╨╖╤â╤Ä╧ä ╨┤╨╗╤Å ╨┤╨╕╨░╨│╨╜╬┐╤ü╧ä ╨╕╬║╨╕ ╨╜╨╡╨╕╤ü╧Ç╧ü╨░╨▓╨╜╬┐╤ü╧ä╨╡╨╣ ╨░╨│╧ü╨╡╨│╨░╧ä╬┐ ╨▓ ╧ä╧ü╨░╨╜╤ü╧Ç╬┐╧ü╧ä╨╜╬┐╨│╬┐ ╤ü╧ü╨╡╨┤╤ü╧ä╨▓╨░.

╨ÿ╨ù╬ £ ╬ò╬ù╨ü╬ù╬ù╨½╨Ö╨ ¢ ╨ÿ╨í╬ñ (╨í╬ñ╬æ╬ñ╨¼╨ »19 ⁾