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WO1998032137A1 - Cable electrique - Google Patents

Cable electrique Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO1998032137A1
WO1998032137A1 PCT/DK1998/000022 DK9800022W WO9832137A1 WO 1998032137 A1 WO1998032137 A1 WO 1998032137A1 DK 9800022 W DK9800022 W DK 9800022W WO 9832137 A1 WO9832137 A1 WO 9832137A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
oil
cable
dibenzyl toluene
electric
electric cable
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/DK1998/000022
Other languages
Danish (da)
English (en)
Inventor
Inger Margrethe Procida
Bo Svarrer Hansen
Original Assignee
Nkt Cables A/S
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Nkt Cables A/S filed Critical Nkt Cables A/S
Priority to DE69800796T priority Critical patent/DE69800796T2/de
Priority to AU55495/98A priority patent/AU5549598A/en
Priority to AT98900528T priority patent/ATE201280T1/de
Priority to EP98900528A priority patent/EP0953194B1/fr
Priority to DK98900528T priority patent/DK0953194T3/da
Priority to JP53137198A priority patent/JP2001508920A/ja
Publication of WO1998032137A1 publication Critical patent/WO1998032137A1/fr
Priority to NO993409A priority patent/NO993409L/no
Priority to GR20010401176T priority patent/GR3036325T3/el

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B3/00—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties
    • H01B3/18—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances
    • H01B3/20—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances liquids, e.g. oils
    • H01B3/22—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances liquids, e.g. oils hydrocarbons

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an electric cable for laying out under ground or under water.
  • the invention in particular relates to an electric underwater cable which is particularly suited for laying out at great sea depths .
  • Electric cables e.g. in the form of underwater cables, normally consist of one or more conductors which separately or together are surrounded by a solid insula- ting material being impregnated with a dielectric fluid, such as an oil.
  • a dielectric fluid such as an oil.
  • Electric cables being buried under ground or in the form of underwater cables are normally very long and not readily accessible once they have been buried/laid out. Further, the cables are often exposed to thermal variations and high pressure impacts. The latter are in particular important in connection with underwater cables. Consequently, it is important that the cables have good stability towards these pressure impacts, and that the cable is capable of resisting these thermal variations to which they may be exposed in use, so that the cable may have a long service life without essential risk of leakage, rupture or compression of the cable.
  • DK patent specification No. 156 453 discloses an electric underwater cable of the above kind.
  • the underwater cable disclosed therein is especially characterized in that 1- ethyl naphthalene is used as dielectric fluid.
  • 1-methyl naphthalene is suspected of being carcinogenic, and consequently it would be most unfortunate if such a cable were to spring a leak. Leakage on such oil filled cables is very rare, but if it happens it is very important that the oil spilled is as little toxic as possible.
  • the oils in the known O.F. cables described above do not meet this requirement, and it is thus expedient to find another oil for use in such cables, which oil is biodegradable and essentially harm ⁇ less to micro-organisms in the ground or marine organisms .
  • an electric cable such as an underwater cable comprising one or more conductors surrounded by a solid insulating material being impregnated with an insulating oil, where dibenzyl toluene (DBT) is used as oil
  • DBT dibenzyl toluene
  • the DBT-oil is essentially insoluble in water, and in case of spillage from an underwater cable, the oil will sink to the sea floor from where, if desired, it may be removed by simple methods, e.g. suction.
  • the oil As criterion for the choice of the oil which is disclosed in DK patent No. 156 453 it is i.a. mentioned that it is very essential that the oil has a sufficiently low viscosity at the temperatures of use for it to be able to follow cycles with expansion and contraction due to thermal variations of the cable. Further, it is in particular necessary that the viscosity of the insulating oil must be sufficiently low for the oil, at any tempera ⁇ ture to which the cable might be exposed, to be sufficiently flowable to be able to move along the cable and thereby constantly maintain the solid insulating material of the cable totally impregnated.
  • the oil must not have too high volatility. Further, the oil must possess good insulating properties, a low dielectric loss factor, and a good gas absorption capacity. The oil must not tend to separate solid paraffinic products at the lowest temperatures of use of the cable, and when used in underwater cables the oil must further have a density which is close to or equal to the density of the surrounding water .
  • the cable disclosed in DK patent No. 156 453 reasonably fulfils these criteria. If the cable is used at very great depths, and in particular at varying depths, there is, however, a certain tendency for the cable to get compressed so that the insulating property in these flattened areas is insufficient.
  • an electric underwater cable of the kind stated in the preamble which at least has the same good properties as the cable disclosed in DK patent No. 156 453, and which preferably has increased security against compression when used at great sea depths.
  • an electric under- water cable comprising one or more conductors surrounded by solid insulating material being impregnated with an insulating oil, where dibenzyl toluene (DBT) is used as oil, has particularly good properties as compared with the properties of the known underwater cables, in particular as regards the ability to resist local compressions .
  • DBT dibenzyl toluene
  • Underwater cables and other oil-carrying cables according to the present invention thus comprise an insulating oil which preferably consists of pure dibenzyl toluene oil.
  • the oil may, however, comprise minor amounts of impurities provided these impurities essentially do not change the flow properties and density of the dibenzyl toluene oil.
  • the oil comprises one or more of the alkylated hydrocarbons dibenzyl toluene, benzyl-methylbenzyl-benzene and ditolyl phenyl methane.
  • the total amount of these other alkylated hydrocarbons preferably constitutes less than 20 weight-%, and in particular less than 10 weight-%.
  • the dibenzyl toluene oil can consist of one single isomer, but in view of viscosity and density it is preferred that the dibenzyl toluene oil is in the form of a mixture of two or more isomers. Such mixtures flow more easily in a cable, and thus the oil is even more able to follow cycles with expansion and contraction due to thermal variations of the cable, and to be able to move along the cable and thereby constantly maintain the solid insulating material of the cable totally impregnated. Further, it should be mentioned that such isomeric mixtures of dibenzyl toluene oil are significantly cheaper than pure isomers of this oil.
  • Table 1 shows some essential physical properties of insulating oils which have been used or contemplated for use in O.F. cables, and the corresponding properties for DBT.
  • the physical properties for the naphthalene derivatives have been taken from Beilstein "HANDBUCH DER ORGANISCHEN CHEMIE” (Vêt Auflage) . TABLE 1
  • the dibenzyl toluene oil has a particularly high viscosity as compared with the other oils, and further the dibenzyl toluene oil has a somewhat higher density and consequently also a density which is higher than the density of the surrounding water in which the cable is laid out.
  • the electric cable comprises a solid insulating material in the form of cellulose. It is particularly preferred that the solid insulating material is in the form of paper wound round the conductor or conductors .
  • An electric cable according to the present invention may comprise one or more conductors having the same or different size.
  • the number of and the diameter of conductors depend on how much power the cable is to conduct. It is particularly preferred that the cable according to the invention comprises one or more conductors which preferably each of them may have a diameter of up to about 5 cm.
  • the conductor or conductors may be formed from various materials, such as e.g. twisted copper or aluminium wires .
  • the electric cable according to the present invention comprises two or more conductors it is preferred that the cable comprises at least one longitudinally progressing duct which essentially is filled with dibenzyl toluene.
  • Underwater cables according to the present invention may advantageously be provided with an outer sheath in the form of a bendable sheath of e.g. plastic and/or metal being resistant to sea water.
  • the cable according to the invention comprises a centrally positioned conductor of an electrically conductive material, such as copper.
  • the conductor is surrounded by a solid insulating material in the form of paper being wound round the conductor.
  • the paper layer surrounding the conductor has a thickness of preferably 1-5 cm and is impregnated with dibenzyl toluene oil.
  • the cable further has a lead sheath and an outer sheath which optionally may be of polyethylene.
  • the cable according co the invention comprises 2 or 3 conductors which each separate one is surrounded by a solid insulating material in the form of paper being wound round the conductor.
  • the paper layer surrounding the conductor has a thickness of preferably 1-5 cm and is impregnated with dibenzyl toluene oil.
  • the cable further has a common lead sheath and outer sheath which e.g. may be of polyethylene.
  • the cable is characterized by being flat, as the conductors, if there are more than 2, preferably are placed side by side. Furthermore, the cable is self- compensating.
  • the biodegradability of the DBT-oil was tested according to OECD guideline No. 306.
  • the test results showed that the oil is biodegradable and is not accumulated in the food chain.
  • the degradation of the DBT-oil will, because of methyl-bridges between the aromatic rings, not result in PAH-like molecules, but in smaller, increasingly more easily degradable molecules.

Landscapes

  • Insulated Conductors (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
  • Organic Insulating Materials (AREA)
  • Inorganic Insulating Materials (AREA)
  • Resistance Heating (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un câble électrique sous-marin, comprenant un ou plusieurs conducteurs entourés d'un matériau isolant et solide. On a imprégné ce matériau isolant à l'aide d'une huile à base de dibenzyl-toluène. Ce câble est notamment approprié à une utilisation à grandes profondeurs et/ou à des profondeurs variables, étant donné qu'il se distingue par une stabilité particulièrement bonne à l'égard des pressions d'impact et des variations thermiques.
PCT/DK1998/000022 1997-01-17 1998-01-19 Cable electrique WO1998032137A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (8)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE69800796T DE69800796T2 (de) 1997-01-17 1998-01-19 Elektrische kabel
AU55495/98A AU5549598A (en) 1997-01-17 1998-01-19 Electric cable
AT98900528T ATE201280T1 (de) 1997-01-17 1998-01-19 Elektrische kabel
EP98900528A EP0953194B1 (fr) 1997-01-17 1998-01-19 Cable electrique
DK98900528T DK0953194T3 (da) 1997-01-17 1998-01-19 Elektrisk kabel
JP53137198A JP2001508920A (ja) 1997-01-17 1998-01-19 電気ケーブル
NO993409A NO993409L (no) 1997-01-17 1999-07-09 Elektrisk kabel
GR20010401176T GR3036325T3 (en) 1997-01-17 2001-08-06 Electric cable

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DK5997 1997-01-17
DK0059/97 1997-01-17

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1998032137A1 true WO1998032137A1 (fr) 1998-07-23

Family

ID=8089266

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/DK1998/000022 WO1998032137A1 (fr) 1997-01-17 1998-01-19 Cable electrique

Country Status (11)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0953194B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2001508920A (fr)
AT (1) ATE201280T1 (fr)
AU (1) AU5549598A (fr)
DE (1) DE69800796T2 (fr)
DK (1) DK0953194T3 (fr)
ES (1) ES2158663T3 (fr)
GR (1) GR3036325T3 (fr)
NO (1) NO993409L (fr)
PT (1) PT953194E (fr)
WO (1) WO1998032137A1 (fr)

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2002003398A1 (fr) * 2000-06-28 2002-01-10 Pirelli Cavi E Sistemi Spa Cable a gaine recyclable
US6824870B2 (en) 2000-09-28 2004-11-30 Pirelli S.P.A. Cable with recyclable covering
US6908673B2 (en) 2000-06-28 2005-06-21 Pirelli Cavi E Sistemi S.P.A. Cable with recyclable covering
US7196270B2 (en) 2003-01-20 2007-03-27 Prysmian Cavi E Sistemi Energia S.R.L. Cable with recyclable covering layer
US7744950B2 (en) * 2000-12-06 2010-06-29 Prysmian Cavi E Sistemi Energia S.R.L. Process for producing a cable with a recyclable coating comprising a thermoplastic polymer and a dielectric liquid
US7884284B2 (en) 2005-10-25 2011-02-08 Prysmian Cavi E Sistemi Energia S.R.L. Energy cable comprising a dielectric fluid and a mixture of thermoplastic polymers
US7999188B2 (en) 2007-06-28 2011-08-16 Prysmian S.P.A. Energy cable
KR20180037940A (ko) * 2018-04-06 2018-04-13 엘에스전선 주식회사 절연유를 함유하는 절연층을 포함하는 케이블

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4225747A (en) * 1977-07-29 1980-09-30 Industrie Pirelli Societa Per Azioni Submarine electric power cables containing naphthalene based liquids
US4566994A (en) * 1982-06-10 1986-01-28 Nippon Oil Co., Ltd. Flame-retardant electrical insulating oil composition
EP0282083A2 (fr) * 1987-03-11 1988-09-14 Nippon Petrochemicals Company, Limited Utilisation d'une composition comprenant benzyltoluene et ditolylmethane en tant qu'huile isolante électrique.

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4225747A (en) * 1977-07-29 1980-09-30 Industrie Pirelli Societa Per Azioni Submarine electric power cables containing naphthalene based liquids
US4566994A (en) * 1982-06-10 1986-01-28 Nippon Oil Co., Ltd. Flame-retardant electrical insulating oil composition
EP0282083A2 (fr) * 1987-03-11 1988-09-14 Nippon Petrochemicals Company, Limited Utilisation d'une composition comprenant benzyltoluene et ditolylmethane en tant qu'huile isolante électrique.

Non-Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
FILE WPI, Derwent Accession No. 93-081533, NIPPON PETROCHEMICALS CO LTD., "Oil Impregnated Cable Esp. Submarine Cable - Comprises 1,1-Di: Phenyl:Ethane and Benzyl:Toluene"; & JP,A,05 028 833 (05-02-93) DW9310. *
FILE WPI, Derwent Accession No. 96-458716, FUJIKURA LTD et al., "Oil Filled Power Cable for Underwater Application - Has Insulating Paper Impregnated with Mixture of Hydrocarbon System Insulation Oil and Alkyl Diphenyl Methane, which is Wound to Circumference of Conductor part"; & JP,A,06 302 229 (28-10-94) DW9646. *

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2002003398A1 (fr) * 2000-06-28 2002-01-10 Pirelli Cavi E Sistemi Spa Cable a gaine recyclable
US6908673B2 (en) 2000-06-28 2005-06-21 Pirelli Cavi E Sistemi S.P.A. Cable with recyclable covering
US6824870B2 (en) 2000-09-28 2004-11-30 Pirelli S.P.A. Cable with recyclable covering
US7744950B2 (en) * 2000-12-06 2010-06-29 Prysmian Cavi E Sistemi Energia S.R.L. Process for producing a cable with a recyclable coating comprising a thermoplastic polymer and a dielectric liquid
US7196270B2 (en) 2003-01-20 2007-03-27 Prysmian Cavi E Sistemi Energia S.R.L. Cable with recyclable covering layer
US7884284B2 (en) 2005-10-25 2011-02-08 Prysmian Cavi E Sistemi Energia S.R.L. Energy cable comprising a dielectric fluid and a mixture of thermoplastic polymers
US7999188B2 (en) 2007-06-28 2011-08-16 Prysmian S.P.A. Energy cable
KR20180037940A (ko) * 2018-04-06 2018-04-13 엘에스전선 주식회사 절연유를 함유하는 절연층을 포함하는 케이블
KR101878639B1 (ko) * 2018-04-06 2018-07-16 한국전력공사 절연유를 함유하는 절연층을 포함하는 케이블

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU5549598A (en) 1998-08-07
NO993409D0 (no) 1999-07-09
GR3036325T3 (en) 2001-11-30
PT953194E (pt) 2001-11-30
DE69800796D1 (de) 2001-06-21
DE69800796T2 (de) 2002-04-18
EP0953194B1 (fr) 2001-05-16
DK0953194T3 (da) 2001-08-13
NO993409L (no) 1999-08-27
ATE201280T1 (de) 2001-06-15
EP0953194A1 (fr) 1999-11-03
ES2158663T3 (es) 2001-09-01
JP2001508920A (ja) 2001-07-03

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