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WO1998031754A1 - Dispersion pour revetement conducteur polymerisable par exposition a un rayonnement - Google Patents

Dispersion pour revetement conducteur polymerisable par exposition a un rayonnement Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1998031754A1
WO1998031754A1 PCT/NL1998/000010 NL9800010W WO9831754A1 WO 1998031754 A1 WO1998031754 A1 WO 1998031754A1 NL 9800010 W NL9800010 W NL 9800010W WO 9831754 A1 WO9831754 A1 WO 9831754A1
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Prior art keywords
electrically conductive
compound
instance
dispersion
group
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PCT/NL1998/000010
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English (en)
Inventor
Johan Franz Gradus Antonius Jansen
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Dsm N.V.
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Application filed by Dsm N.V. filed Critical Dsm N.V.
Priority to CA002277762A priority Critical patent/CA2277762A1/fr
Priority to AU54993/98A priority patent/AU5499398A/en
Priority to EP98900456A priority patent/EP0953020A1/fr
Priority to JP53416798A priority patent/JP2001508490A/ja
Publication of WO1998031754A1 publication Critical patent/WO1998031754A1/fr
Priority to US09/353,607 priority patent/US6315926B1/en

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B1/00—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors
    • H01B1/06—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors mainly consisting of other non-metallic substances
    • H01B1/12—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors mainly consisting of other non-metallic substances organic substances
    • H01B1/124—Intrinsically conductive polymers
    • H01B1/127—Intrinsically conductive polymers comprising five-membered aromatic rings in the main chain, e.g. polypyrroles, polythiophenes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D5/00—Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, characterised by their physical nature or the effects produced; Filling pastes
    • C09D5/24—Electrically-conducting paints

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an electrically conductive composition
  • an electrically conductive composition comprising a dispersion of electrically conductive particles and a radiation curable resin in a dispersing agent.
  • EP-A-591.951 describes an electrically conductive composition consisting of a dispersion of polyaniline particles and a radiation curable resin in an organic solvent .
  • the drawback of the known composition is that an electrically conductive coating made of it shows increasing haze with improving electrical conductivity.
  • the aim of the invention is to provide a composition which does not exhibit said drawback.
  • the dispersion of electrically conductive particles contains a binder and an electrically conductive polymer and is stabilized by a non-ionic stabilization agent.
  • the radiation curable resin preferably contains the following components: a compound with a ethylenic unsaturation on an electron-attracting group
  • the ethylenic unsaturation on an electron- attracting group (a) is characterized by the following structure element .
  • X can for instance be one of the following groups : 0R 4 NR 4 R S , SR 4 .
  • R- L , R 2 , R 3 can for instance be the following groups: H, C ⁇ C ⁇ alkyl, aryl , substituted aryl, C00R 6 , C0NR 6 R 7 CH 2 COOR 6/ CH 2 0R s , 0R 6 , NR 6 R 7 , SR 6 , Cl or CN.
  • R 4 , R 5 , R s and R 7 are chosen from the following groups:
  • alkyl including linear and cyclic structures
  • aryl substituted aryl, heterocycles containing 0-, S-, N- or P-atoms, aromatic heterocycles containing 0-, S-, N- or P-atoms
  • Y and Z can be chosen from the following groups: H, C 1 -C 20 alkyl (including linear and cyclic structures) , aryl, substituted aryl, heterocycles containing 0-, S-, N- or P-atoms, aromatic heterocycles containing 0-, S-, N- or P-atoms. Derivatives of these compunds can also be used, such as for instance esters, urethanes, urea, thiourethanes and anhydrides .
  • R 4 can be chosen from the following groups : H, C 1 -C 20 , alkyl (including linear and cyclic structures) , aryl, substituted aryl, heterocycles containing 0-, S-, N- or P-atoms, aromatic heterocycles containing 0-, S-, N- or P-atoms, COY, CH 2 C0Y, CH 2 0Y, CH 2 NYZ, CH 2 SY, CH 2 CH 2 OY, CH 2 CH 2 NYZ CH 2 CH 2 SY, CH 2 CH(CH 3 )OY, CH 2 CH(CH 3 )NYZ, CH 2 CH (CH 3 ) SY, CH (CH 3 ) CH 2 0Y, CH(CH 3 )CH 2 NYZ, CH(CH 3 )CH 2 SY, (CH 2 0) n Y, (CH 2 NZ) n Y, (CH 2 S) n Y, (CH 2 CH 2 0) n Y, (CH 2 CH 2 NZ) n Y,
  • Y and Z can be chosen from the following groups: H, C ⁇ C,,, alkyl (including linear and cyclic structures) , aryl, substituted aryl, heterocycles containing 0-, S-, N- or P-atoms, aromatic heterocycles containing 0-, S-, N- or P-atoms. Derivatives of these compunds can also be used, such as for instance esters, urethanes, urea, thiourethanes and anhydrides.
  • a compound with an ethylenic unsaturation on an electron-donating group (b) preferably is a vinyl ether, a vinyl ester, a vinyl amide, a vinylamine, a vinyl thioether or a vinyl thioester. Derivatives of these can also be used.
  • An allyl-group-containing compound on an electron-donating group (c) preferably is an allyl ether, an allyl ester, an allyl alcohol, an allyl amine or an allyl amide. Derivatives of these can also be used.
  • the amount of ethylenic unsaturation on an electron-attracting group (a) of the radiation curable resin is in general between 25% and 100%.
  • the amount of ethylenic unsaturation on an electron-donating group (b) or an allyl-group-containing compound on an electron-donating group (c) or a mixture of these (b+c) of the radiation curable resin is between 0% and 75%, depending on the amount of ethylenic unsaturation on an electron-attracting group (a) of the radiation curable resin.
  • the radiation curable resin consists entirely of a compound with the ethylenic unsaturation on an electron- attracting group (a) or consists of a mixture of 50 mol% of a compound (a) and 50 mol% of a compound with an ethylenic unsaturation on an electron-donating group (b) , or an allyl-group-containing compound (c) or a mixture of (b) and (c) .
  • the mol% mentioned here are relative to the radiation curable ethylenic unsaturation.
  • the compound with the ethylenic unsaturation (a) preferably is an acrylate, a metacrylate, a maleate, a fumarate, an itaconate, a citraconate, or a mesaconate group.
  • the compound with the ethylenic unsaturation on an electron-attracting group (a) can be connected to polymers or oligomers via R 4 .
  • polymers or oligomers are polyurethanes, polyesters, polyacrylates, polyethers, hydrocarbon polymers such as for instance polyolefines which for instance contain units from the group of ethene, propene, butadiene and styrene, (co) polymers of cyclopentadiene, polysilicates, polycarbonates, polyvinyl esters, rubbers such as polyisoprene, natural rubber and polyepoxides .
  • ethylenic unsaturation on the electron-attracting group (a) comprises, besides R 4 , an additional functionality in the form of R l t R 2 or R 3 such as for instance COOR s , CONR 6 R 7 , CH 2 COOR 6 or CH 2 OR 6 , the ethylenic unsaturation can be incorporated in the polymer or oligomer chain.
  • polymers or oligomers examples are unsaturated polyesters, with fumarate, maleate, itaconate, citraconate or mesaconate functionalities having been used in the synthesis of the polymer or oligomer.
  • the number of ethylenic unsaturation on an electron-attracting group on a polymer or oligomer is higher than 1.
  • the ethylenic unsaturation on an electron- donating group (b) or the allyl-group-containing compound on an electron-donating group (c) can be connected to the above-described polymers or oligomers via ether, ester amine or amide compounds or, in the case of bifunctional ethylenic unsaturation on an electron-donating group or a bifunctional allyl compound, can also be incorporated in a polymer or oligomer chain.
  • the radiation curable resin can also contain low-molecular compounds with an ethylenic unsaturation.
  • these are ethyl acrylate, methyl acrylate, propyl acrylate, ethyl methacrylate, methyl methacrylate, propyl methacrylate, hexane diol diacrylate, hexane diol dimethacrylate, trimethylolpropane triacrylate, trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate, pentaerythritol triacrylate, pentaerythritol trimethacrylate, pentaerythritol tetraacrylate, pentaerythritol tetramethacrylate, acrylamide N-methylacrylamide, N- ethyl acrylamides such as for instance acrylamide, N- laurylacrylamide, N
  • the radiation curable resin can contain a photoinitiator .
  • a photoinitiator examples are described for instance in volume 3 van ' Chemistry and Technology of UV and EB Formulations' door K Dietliker (1992; SITA Technology Ltd. London) .
  • the dispersion of electrically conductive particles contains a binder and an electrically conductive polymer and is stabilized by means of a non- ionic stabilizer.
  • a dispersion is obtained for instance by polymerizing monomers to an electrically conductive polymer in the presence of a dispersion of a binder which has been stabilized with a non-ionic stabilizer. Under the given conditions a non-ionic stabilizer is not charged.
  • the non-ionic stabilizer can be chosen within a wide range and can be absorbed physically on the binding agent particles (bound physically) as well as incorporated in the binding agent (bound chemically) .
  • the non-ionic stabilizer can be chosen for instance from the group comprising alkylamines, alkylamides, (ethoxylated) alkyl alcohols, alkyl pyrrolidoned, (ethoxylated) alkyl phenols, polyoxyalkyl esters, polyoxyalkyl ethers, glycolalkyl - ethers, glycerolalkyl ethers, fatty acid esters and (ethoxylated) sorbitan alkylates, (hydroxy(m) ethyl) cellulose, polyvinyl alcohols, polyvinyl pyrrolidones, polyacrylamides .
  • the use of polyoxyalkyl ethers is preferred.
  • polyoxyalkyl ethers are for instance polyoxyethylene ethers, such as polyethylene glycol, alkoxypolyethylene glycol, such as for instance methoxypolyethylene glycol, and ethylene oxide/propylene oxide copolymers.
  • polyoxyalkyl esters are preferred, on account of their low toxicity.
  • the dispersion of binding agent particles can also contain a minor amount of anionic stabilizers, cationic stabilizers and/or stabilizers which comprise both a non-ionic and an ionic part.
  • the non-ionic part preferably comprises at least 10 carbon atoms .
  • Widely used anionic stabilizers are for instance alkyl sulphates and alkyl sulphonates, ethoxylated alkyl sulphates, sulphonates and phosphates, ethoxylated alkylcarboxylic acids and alkylphenol carboxylic acids, ethoxylated alkylphenol sulphates and sulphonates, sulphosuccinates and carboxylates .
  • Widely used cationic stabilizers are primary, secondary, tertiary and quaternary ammonium salts, alkylpyridinium salts and acetylated polyamines.
  • Suitable non-ionic stabilizers mostly have a weight average molecular weight between 100 and 1,000,000, preferably between 500 and 5,000.
  • a polymeric non-ionic stabilizer which is suitable for the invention is mostly composed of monomeric units comprising 1-50 carbon atoms, -preferably 1-20 carbon atoms.
  • the polymeric non-ionic stabilizer comprises several units having different numbers of carbon atoms.
  • An example of such a stabilizer is an ethylene oxide/propylene oxide copolymer.
  • the non-ionic stabilizer can have been added to the dispersion of binding agent particles in a customary manner.
  • non-ionic stabilizer it is preferred for the non-ionic stabilizer to be bound chemically to the binding agent used. This can be effected by incorporating the non-ionic stabilizer in the binding agent by adding the non-ionic stabilizer during the polymerization of the binding agent. It is also quite well possible to graft the non- ionic stabilizer onto already polymerized binding agent.
  • the dispersion of binding agent particles usually contains between 1 and 35 wt%, preferably 5 to 25 wt.%, of non-ionic stabilizer relative to the total weight of binding agent and stabilizer.
  • the binding agent used in the dispersion according to the invention is preferably a known non- doping polymer with good coating properties.
  • a polymer is chosen for instance from the group comprising alkyd resins, polyester resins, amino resins, phenolic resins, polyurethane resins, epoxy resins, acrylate resins, rubbers, such as for instance cyclic rubbers, polyisoprene, natural rubber, silicone resins, poly (vinyl chlorides) , poly (vinyl esters) , such as for instance poly (vinyl acetate) , polyolefines which for instance contain units chosen from the group of ethene, propene, butadiene and styrene, and hydrocarbon resins, such as for instance (co) olymers of cyclopentadiene.
  • the alkyd resins which can be used as binding agent in the dispersion are composed for instance of polyols chosen from the group comprising glycerol, pentaerythritol, ethylene glycol, sorbitol, trimethy ol ethane, trimethylol propane, d pentaerythritol, tripentaerythritol, neopentyl glycol and diethylene - glycol, and polycarboxylic acids or derivatives thereof, for instance chosen from the group comprising phthalic anhydride, phthalic acid, isophthalic acid, maleic acid, maleic anhydride, fumaric acid, fumaric anhydride, and fatty acids such as linoleic acid and oleic acid.
  • polyols chosen from the group comprising glycerol, pentaerythritol, ethylene glycol, sorbitol, trimethy ol ethane, trimethylol propane,
  • polyester resins are for instance composed of dicarboxylic acid units or derivatives thereof, chosen from the group comprising maleic anhydride, fumaric acid, adipic acid, phthalic acid, isophthalic acid, terephthalic acid, tetrahydrophthalic acid and tetrachlorophthalic acid, and diol units, chosen for instance from the group comprising 1, 2-propanol, 1,3-butanol, ethylene glycol, neopentyl glycol, diethylene glycol, bisphenol-A and tricyclo- decane dimethanol.
  • monofunctional and/or trifunctional monomer units can also be used.
  • Possible methods of preparation of the polyester resins are known to those skilled in the art and are described for instance by the Oil and Colour Chemists' Association, Australia in “Surface coatings, vol. 1 - Raw materials and their usage", Chapman and Hall Ltd, 1983, pp. 78-87.
  • Suitable epoxy resins are for instance derived from bisphenol A and epichlorohydrin.
  • Epoxidated aliphatic and cycloaliphatic dienes such as for instance 3 , 4-epoxycyclo-hexylmethyl-3 , 4- epoxycyclohexane carboxylate and 4-epoxyethyl- 1, 2-epoxycyclohexane, can also be used.
  • Possible methods of preparation of epoxy resins are known to those skilled in the art and are described for instance in Ullman's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry, 1985, vol. A9, pp. 547-563.
  • Suitable polyurethane resins are for instance reaction products of isocyanates and polyols.
  • the isocyanates are chosen for instance from the group comprising 1, 6-hexamethylenediisocyanate, polymethylene polyphenylisocyanate, , 4 ' -methylene bis- (phenylisocyanate) , 1, 5-naphthalene diisocyanate, bitolylene diisocyanate, methylene - bis (cyclohexylisocyanate) , isophorone diisocyanate, trimethylhexamethylene diisocyanate, m-xylylene diisocyanate, 1, 3-bis (isocyanatomethyl) cyclohexane and 1,4-bis (isocyanatomethyl) cyclohexane.
  • the polyols are mostly chosen from the group comprising polyether polyols and polyester polyols. Possible methods of preparation of polyurethane resins are described for instance in Kirk Othmer's Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology, 1982, vol. 23, pp. 576-608.
  • a dispersion of a polyurethane resin can be stabilized for instance by applying polyoxyethylene segments on the polyurethane chain, as described for instance by J.W. Rosthauser et al . in Advances in Urethane Science and Technology, 1987, Stanford, vol. 10, pp. 121-162 and by D. Dieterich in Progress in Organic Coatings, 1981, vol. 9, pp. 291-332.
  • the segments can be composed of modified diol or isocyanate units, but it is also possible to apply mono- hydroxyfunctional polyoxyethylene polyethers directly on the polyurethane chain.
  • Suitable amino resins are for instance reaction products of formaldehyde with compounds containing amino groups, such as for instance melamine, benzoguanamine , glycoluril and urea. Amino resins and the methods for preparing them are described for instance by the Oil and Colour Chemists' Association, Australia in “Surface coatings-, vol. 1 - Raw materials and their usage", Chapman and Hall Ltd, 1983, pp. 87-98.
  • Suitable phenolic resins are for instance reaction products of a phenol compound and an aldehyde compound, or derivatives thereof.
  • the phenol compound is chosen for instance from the group comprising phenol, o-cresol, 2,4-xylenol, bisphenol-A, p-phenylphenol and p-tertiary butylphenol .
  • the aldehyde compound is for instance formaldehyde.
  • Phenolic resins and the methods for preparing them are described for instance by the Oil and Colour Chemists' Association, Australia in "Surface coatings, vol. 1 - Raw materials and their usage", Chapman and Hall Ltd, 1983, pp. 99-104.
  • Suitable silicone resins are for instance hydrolysis products of di- and trifunctional chlorosilanes . To obtain these, the chlorosilanes are dissolved in an organic solvent, such as toluene or xylene, and then hydrolyzed with water. Silicone resins can also be prepared by treating alkoxysilanes, such as methoxy, ethoxy and/or propoxy silanes, with a strong acid in an aqueous medium, and then allowing polymerization to take place. Silicone resins and the methods for preparing them are described for instance by the Oil and Colour Chemists' Association, Australia in "Surface coatings, vol. 1 - Raw materials and their usage", Chapman and Hall Ltd, 1983, pp. 134-143.
  • Suitable acrylate resins are obtained for instance by homopolymerization of (meth) acrylate monomers, such as for instance methyl methacrylate, ethyl methacrylate or ethyl acrylate, or copolymerization of these monomers with monomers that react with them, such as for instance acrylonitrile, methacrylamide, maleic anhydride, aliphatic chains with a terminal acrylate group, methacrylic acid, vinyl acetate or styrene.
  • Acrylate resins and the methods for preparing them are described for instance by the Oil and Colour Chemists' Association, Australia in "Surface coatings, vol. 1 - Raw materials and their usage", Chapman and Hall Ltd, 1983, pp.
  • binding agent in the dispersion is optionally provided with functional groups.
  • these functional groups contain for instance an OH, a NH 2 , a NCO, an epoxy, a N-methylal, a phosphate, a sulphate and/or a carboxylate functionality or a compound with an ethylenic unsaturation.
  • the dispersion of binding agent particles mostly has a weight average particle size between 10 nm and 10 ⁇ m, preferably between 10 nm and 3 ⁇ m.
  • the solids content of the dispersion of binding agent particles mostly is between 1 and 90 wt%.
  • the invention also relates to a process for the preparation of the composition according to the invention.
  • the preparation of the dispersion of electrically conductive particles takes place as follows .
  • the monomers of which the electrically conductive polymer is to be composed are polymerized to an electrically conductive polymer in a dispersion of binding agent particles in the dispersing agent, which contains a non-ionic stabilizer.
  • a polymerization catalyst is also added.
  • the sequence of addition of the various components to the dispersion of binding agent particles is of no significance in the framework of the invention. In the presence of a polymerization catalyst the monomer units polymerize to form an electrically conductive polymer.
  • the monomers may for instance polymerize in the dispersing agent to form an oligomer or an electrically conductive polymer, after which the oligomer or electrically conductive polymer - dissolving relatively poorly in the dispersing agent - precipitates on the stabilized binding agent particles.
  • the dispersion of electrically conductive particles may also contain free electrically conductive polymer.
  • the temperature at which the dispersion of electrically conductive particles is prepared is mostly between -50 and 200°C, preferably between -10 and 80 °C.
  • the preparation time mostly varies from a few seconds to a few days, depending on the reaction rate of the polymerization of monomer units to electrically conductive polymer.
  • the polymerization which optionally is added to the dispersion of binding agent particles is chosen by the person skilled in the art from the group of inorganic acids, such as for instance hydrochloric acid, sulphuric acid, chlorosulphonic acid and nitric acid, Lewis acids, such as for instance compounds which contain positive ions of iron, aluminium, tin, titanium, zirconium, chromium, manganese, cobalt, copper, molybdenum, tungsten, ruthenium, nickel, palladium and/or platinum, and a halogen, a sulphate, a nitrate, an aryl sulphonate and/or an acetyl acetonate.
  • inorganic acids such as for instance hydrochloric acid, sulphuric acid, chlorosulphonic acid and nitric acid
  • Lewis acids such as for instance compounds which contain positive ions of iron, aluminium, tin, titanium, zirconium, chromium, manganes
  • Suitable catalysts are for instance ozone, diazonium salts, organic catalysts, such as for instance benzoquinone and anthaquinone .
  • organic catalysts such as for instance benzoquinone and anthaquinone .
  • Ziegler-Natta catalysts and compounds such as Na 2 S 2 O a , NaB0 3 , H 2 0 2 , NOBF 4 , N0 2 BF 4 , N0 2 PF 6 , N0C10 4 , NOAsF ⁇ , NOPF 6 and (NH 4 ) 2 S 2 0 B are adequately effective.
  • Adequately effective catalysts are for instance FeCl 3 , FeBr 3 , FeCl 3 .6H 2 0, CuS0 4 , Fe(N0 3 ) 3 .9H 2 0, CuCl 2 .2H 2 0, K 3 Fe(CN) 6 , Cu(N0 3 ) 2 , Fe(BF 4 ) 3 , Fe(Cl0 4 ) 3 .9H 2 0, Fe 2 (S0 4 ) 3 .5H 2 0, Fe 2 (SiF 6 ) 3 , Cu(C10 4 ) 2 , Cu(BF 4 ) 2 , CuSiF s , RuCl 3 , MoCl 5 , WC1 6 and (C 5 H 5 ) 2 Fe + FeCl 4 " .
  • Iron (III) chloride is to be preferred as catalyst in the case of preparation of polypyrrole.
  • the quantity of catalyst added is mostly such that the catalyst : monomer molar ratio is between 1:10 and 10:1, preferably between 1:3 and 3:1.
  • the monomer units of which the electrically conductive polymer in the composition according to the invention is composed are preferably chosen from the group comprising pyrrole, thiophene, indole, carbazole, furan, benzene, aniline, acetylene and derivatives of these monomers.
  • an electrically conductive polymer composed of pyrrole, thiophene or aniline units or derivatives of these monomers is to be preferred.
  • derivatives of these monomers are N-methylpyrrole, N-ethylpyrrole, N-n-propylpyrrole, N-n-butylpyrrole, N-fenylpyrrole, N-tolylpyrrole, N-naphtylpyrrole , 3 -methylpyrrole,
  • the electrically conductive polymer is composed of a mixture of several of the above-mentioned monomer units.
  • the above-mentioned monomers are obtained by in situ deblocking of precursor monomers .
  • a precursor monomer is a molecule which as such cannot polymerize.
  • such a molecule is modified into a polymerizable monomer unit.
  • This conversion step may consist of removal of a blocking group which screens off one or more reactive sites.
  • Another possibility is removal of an electron-attracting group which raises the oxidation potential of the molecule, thereby preventing polymerization.
  • an intramolecular reaction takes place, such as for instance a Diels-Alder retroreaction, whereby a precursor monomer is converted to a polymerizable monomer unit .
  • Use can be made of any precursor monomer which after activation becomes a polymerizable monomer unit from which an electrically conductive polymer can be formed.
  • Suitable precursor molecules are for instance molecules which have a structure according to formula (III) :
  • Rj_ is hydrogen -C(0)0H, -C(0)C(0)0H, -C(0)H, -S0 3 H, -I or -Br is;
  • R 2 is hydrogen, an alkyl group (with 1-10 carbon atoms) ,
  • R 3 is hydrogen, an alkyl group (with 1-10 carbon atoms) , -C(0)0H, or a halogen;
  • R 4 is hydrogen, -C(0)OH, -C(0)C(0)0H, -C(0)H, -S03H, -I or -Br;
  • R s is hydrogen, or an alkyl, aryl, alkoxy or silyl group; on the understanding that Ri ⁇ R 4 cannot all be hydrogen at the same time and that R 2 and R 3 can both form part of a closed ring structure.
  • Ri ⁇ R 4 cannot all be hydrogen at the same time and that R 2 and R 3 can both form part of a closed ring structure.
  • pyrrole-2 -carboxylic acid Preferably use is made of pyrrole-2 -carboxylic acid. The synthesis of this precursor monomer is described in J. Am. Pharm.
  • Groups R x and R 4 can be eliminated thermally or photochemically, involving the formation of a pyrrole, thiophene or furan monomer which may or may not be substituted on the R 2 and/or R 3 position (s) . This precursor monomer is thus deblocked and can then polymerize freely via the R x and R 4 positions.
  • Groups R 2 and R 3 can be the same or different. Further, groups R 2 and R 3 can both form part of a closed ring structure.
  • a suitable example of such a precursor monomer is 3,4- (alkylene-vic-dioxy-) thiophene ' -2 , 5-dicarboxylic acid.
  • Other suitable precursor monomers with which an electrically conductive polymer can be prepared are precursor monomers having a structure according to formula (IV) :
  • XI and X2 are identical or different and are -N-, -S- or -0-;
  • R x and R 2 are identical or different and are hydrogen or an alkyl group with 1-10 carbon atoms;
  • R 4 is hydrogen or an alkyl, aryl or alkoxy group.
  • (IV) can for instance be synthesized as described in J. Chem. Soc. Perkin Trans. I (1985), pp. 1277-1284.
  • Another suitable precursor monomer is 4-aminobenzoic acid (see P. Ruelle, 7. Chem. Soc. Perkin trans. II, 1953 (1986).
  • 4-disubstituted thiophenes can also be used (see for instance US-A-4, 987, 042) .
  • precursor monomers can be combined with precursor oligomers.
  • precursor monomers can be activated for instance by a thermal or photochemical treatment .
  • the weight ratio between the electrically conductive polymer and the binding agent can vary within wide limits, depending on the one hand on the desired electrical conductivity properties and the coating properties on the other. This ratio is mostly between 0.1:99.9 and 80:20, preferably between 0.1:99.9 and 20:80, more preferably between 0.1:99.9 and 10:90.
  • the electrical conductivity properties can be improved by means of a doping step (oxidative or reductive) , using the known doping techniques and reagents. These are mentioned for instance in 'Handbook of conducting polymers' (T.A. Skotheim, Marcel Dekker Inc., New York, USA (1986)). Doping is effected for instance by adding a doping agent to the dispersion of electrically conductive particles.
  • the electrically conductive composition according to the invention is prepared by mixing the radiation curable resin with the dispersion of electrically conductive particles.
  • fillers and/or antioxidants can further be added to the electrically conductive composition.
  • fillers that can be added are talcum, barium sulphate, calcium carbonate, fibres, (light-absorbing) pigments, such as for instance titanium white and coloured pigments such as iron oxide and Si0 2 , kaolin, wollastonite and glass.
  • the dispersing agent chosen is such that both the first binding agent and the electrically conductive polymer do not dissolve or hardly dissolve in it.
  • the dispersing agent is often chosen from the group comprising water, aromatic compounds such as for instance benzene, toluene and xylene, alcohols such as for instance methanol and ethanol, hydrocarbons such as for instance pentane and hexane, ethers such as for instance dioxane, diethyl ether, ethylmethyl ether and tetrahydrofuran, ketones such as for instance acetone, diethyl ketone and methyl ethyl ketone, halogenated compounds such as for instance CHC1 3 , CH 2 C1 2 and carbon tetrachloride, esters such as for instance ethyl - formiate and ethyl a
  • the dispersing agent is preferably capable of dissolving or dispersing the resin, as well as capable of dispersing the electrically conductive particles. From an environmental point of view, the use of water as dispersing agent is to be preferred.
  • the invention also relates to the application of the composition according to the invention in a conductive coating.
  • the invention further relates to a coating made wholly or partly using the composition according to the invention and to substrates coated wholly or partly with such a coating.
  • the surface resistivity of the coated products was determined by means of the method described by H.H. Wieder in Laboratory Notes on
  • the haze was determined in accordance with ASTM D 1003.
  • the conductive film thus obtained had a surface resistivity 10 s Ohm/D and a haze of 0.5 %
  • Solutions A and B from Example I are mixed and then centrifuged off, after which 0.68 g of sediment is dispersed in 52.4 g of water. To this, 2 g of Uraflex XP 405UV is added. The film made using this dispersion had a surface resistivity higher than 10 12 Ohm/D and a haze of 8 %.

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Abstract

La présente invention se rapporte à une composition électriquement conductrice comportant une résine polymérisable par exposition à un rayonnement et une dispersion de particules électriquement conductrices, au sein d'un agent de dispersion. Ladite dispersion de particules électriquement conductrices contient un liant et un polymère électriquement conducteur et elle est stabilisée par un agent stabilisateur non ionique. Cette invention se rapporte également à l'utilisation de cette composition pour fabriquer un revêtement conducteur, au revêtement fabriqué à partir de ladite composition et à un substrat comportant un revêtement partiel ou total du type précité.
PCT/NL1998/000010 1997-01-15 1998-01-07 Dispersion pour revetement conducteur polymerisable par exposition a un rayonnement WO1998031754A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (5)

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CA002277762A CA2277762A1 (fr) 1997-01-15 1998-01-07 Dispersion pour revetement conducteur polymerisable par exposition a un rayonnement
AU54993/98A AU5499398A (en) 1997-01-15 1998-01-07 Radiation curable conductive coating dispersion, process for its preparation andcoatings made of it
EP98900456A EP0953020A1 (fr) 1997-01-15 1998-01-07 Dispersion pour revetement conducteur polymerisable par exposition a un rayonnement
JP53416798A JP2001508490A (ja) 1997-01-15 1998-01-07 照射硬化できる伝導性コーティング分散物、その製造法およびそれから作られるコーティング
US09/353,607 US6315926B1 (en) 1997-01-15 1999-07-14 Radiation curable conductive coating dispersion, process for its preparation and coatings made of it

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL1005007A NL1005007C2 (nl) 1997-01-15 1997-01-15 Stralingsuithardende geleidende coatingdispersie, werkwijze voor het bereiden en hiermee vervaardigde coatings.
NL1005007 1997-01-15

Related Child Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US09/353,607 Continuation US6315926B1 (en) 1997-01-15 1999-07-14 Radiation curable conductive coating dispersion, process for its preparation and coatings made of it
US09/378,918 Continuation US6242502B1 (en) 1997-02-21 1999-08-23 Foamed thermo-elastic article

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1998031754A1 true WO1998031754A1 (fr) 1998-07-23

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PCT/NL1998/000010 WO1998031754A1 (fr) 1997-01-15 1998-01-07 Dispersion pour revetement conducteur polymerisable par exposition a un rayonnement

Country Status (8)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0953020A1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2001508490A (fr)
KR (1) KR20000070078A (fr)
AU (1) AU5499398A (fr)
CA (1) CA2277762A1 (fr)
NL (1) NL1005007C2 (fr)
TW (1) TW434289B (fr)
WO (1) WO1998031754A1 (fr)

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0589529A1 (fr) * 1992-09-24 1994-03-30 Dsm N.V. Dispersion de particules électro-conductrices dans un milieu dispersant
EP0591951A1 (fr) * 1992-10-07 1994-04-13 Sekisui Chemical Co., Ltd. Composition électro-conductrice

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0589529A1 (fr) * 1992-09-24 1994-03-30 Dsm N.V. Dispersion de particules électro-conductrices dans un milieu dispersant
EP0591951A1 (fr) * 1992-10-07 1994-04-13 Sekisui Chemical Co., Ltd. Composition électro-conductrice

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NL1005007C2 (nl) 1998-07-16
KR20000070078A (ko) 2000-11-25
CA2277762A1 (fr) 1998-07-23
TW434289B (en) 2001-05-16
JP2001508490A (ja) 2001-06-26
AU5499398A (en) 1998-08-07
EP0953020A1 (fr) 1999-11-03

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