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WO1998021801A1 - Gaine d'epissure en materiau composite pour cables electriques - Google Patents

Gaine d'epissure en materiau composite pour cables electriques Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1998021801A1
WO1998021801A1 PCT/US1997/003399 US9703399W WO9821801A1 WO 1998021801 A1 WO1998021801 A1 WO 1998021801A1 US 9703399 W US9703399 W US 9703399W WO 9821801 A1 WO9821801 A1 WO 9821801A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
sheets
sheet
end portions
closure
cable
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US1997/003399
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
William G. Allen
Russell P. Smith
Original Assignee
Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company filed Critical Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company
Priority to AU25269/97A priority Critical patent/AU2526997A/en
Publication of WO1998021801A1 publication Critical patent/WO1998021801A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02G—INSTALLATION OF ELECTRIC CABLES OR LINES, OR OF COMBINED OPTICAL AND ELECTRIC CABLES OR LINES
    • H02G15/00—Cable fittings
    • H02G15/08—Cable junctions
    • H02G15/10—Cable junctions protected by boxes, e.g. by distribution, connection or junction boxes
    • H02G15/113—Boxes split longitudinally in main cable direction
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02G—INSTALLATION OF ELECTRIC CABLES OR LINES, OR OF COMBINED OPTICAL AND ELECTRIC CABLES OR LINES
    • H02G15/00—Cable fittings
    • H02G15/013—Sealing means for cable inlets
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02G—INSTALLATION OF ELECTRIC CABLES OR LINES, OR OF COMBINED OPTICAL AND ELECTRIC CABLES OR LINES
    • H02G15/00—Cable fittings
    • H02G15/08—Cable junctions
    • H02G15/18—Cable junctions protected by sleeves, e.g. for communication cable

Definitions

  • This invention relates to electrical cables and, more particularly, to a composite closure for protecting spliced portions of electrical cables.
  • Electrical cables such as power cables, communication cables, and the like, usually are formed by electrical conductors or optical fibers surrounded by an outer jacket of an insulative material to provide a protective barrier to moisture or other damaging contaminants.
  • portions of the outer insulating jacket often have to be removed from the corresponding portion of the conductor for various reasons. For example, when two or more cable ends are spliced together when extending a cable, tapping into an existing cable, or repairing a severed cable, the outer insulating jacket must be removed around the splice area.
  • splice closures of the above type often do not provide adequate mechanical protection for the splice. Also, some of the closures do not restore the mechanical integrity of the cable, and/or are not adaptable to a wide range of splice bundle diameters, cable diameters and number of cables.
  • a splice closure which is strongly bonded to the cable splice, which is air tight and water tight, and which provides mechanical protection for the splice. Also needed is a splice closure of the above type which restores the mechanical integrity of the cable and is easily adaptable to a wide range of splice bundle diameters, cable diameters and number of cables.
  • the present invention accordingly, provides a closure for extending over an uninsulated portion of an electrical cable and a method of enclosing the latter portion, in which two composite sheets containing a meltable material are provided that enclose the uninsulated portion and some of the insulated portions of the cable.
  • Each composite sheet includes a relatively rigid portion which provides mechanical protection for the cable and relatively flexible end portions that are bonded together and to the cable.
  • the corresponding longitudinal margins of the sheets are also bonded together to render the closure air tight and water tight.
  • the splice closure of the present invention provides a very strong bond, is air tight and water tight, and provides mechanical protection for the cable. Also, the closure of the present invention restores the mechanical integrity of the cable, and is easily adaptable to a wide range of splice bundle diameters, cable diameters and number of cables.
  • Fig. 1 is an isometric view of a composite sheet of the present invention.
  • Fig. 2 is an exploded sectional view depicting several sheets of material that make up a composite sheet of Fig. 1.
  • Fig. 3 is an isometric view of two spliced cables to be treated in accordance with the present invention.
  • Fig. 4 is an isometric view depicting two composite sheets of Fig. 2 forming an closure for the cables of Fig. 3.
  • Fig. 5 is a view similar to that of Fig. 4, but depicting an alternate embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 5a is a view similar to Fig. 5, but depicting another alternate embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 5b is a view similar to Fig. 5, but depicting a further alternate embodiment of the present invention. Description of the Preferred Embodiment
  • the reference numeral 10 refers in general, to a composite sheet of the present invention.
  • the sheet 10 consists of a first sheet 12 formed of a relatively rigid, high melting material, such as a high density polyethylene.
  • Two additional sheets 14 and 16 extend from the respective ends of the sheet 12 and are formed of a relatively softer, lower melting material, such as a low density polyethylene or polyethylene copolymer such as offered by Dupont Dow under the trademark "Engage".
  • a pair of strips 18 and 20 extend over the respective distal ends of the sheets 14 and 16 and are preferably formed of a material that is stronger than the sheets 14 and 16 and has a higher melting temperature than that of the latter sheets.
  • the strips 18 and 20 can also be formed of a high density polyethylene.
  • the length of the sheet 12 is greater than the corresponding dimensions of the sheets 14 and 16 and the strips 18 and 20, while the widths and thicknesses of the sheets 12, 14 and 16, and the strips 18 and 20, are the same.
  • the sheet 12 is approximately 20 inches long and approximately 7 inches wide and the sheets 14 and 16 extend approximately 2 inches from the respective ends of the sheet 12 and also have an approximate 7 inch length which coincides with the 7 inch width of the sheet 12.
  • the strips 18 and 20 extend approximately 0.25 inch from the respective distal ends of the sheets 14 and 16, respectively and also have a length of approximately 7 inches.
  • All three sheets 12, 14, and 16, and both strips 18 and 20, are approximately 0.1 inch thick.
  • the composite sheet 10 is formed by fusing the sheets 12, 14 and 16 and the strips 18 and 20 together in a manner better described with reference to Fig. 2. More particularly, the sheets 14 and 16 are laid over the respective end portions of the sheet 12 with approximately one-half the actual length of the each sheet 14 and 16 overlapping the corresponding end portions of the sheet 12. Therefore, in the example referred to above, the actual length of each sheet 14 and 16 would be 4 inches, with 2 inches overlapping, and the other 2 inches extending from the respective ends of the sheet 12, as specified above.
  • the overlapping portions of the sheets 14 and 16 are then fused to the respective end portions of the sheet 12.
  • the strips 18 and 20 are then laid over the respective distal end portions of the sheets 14 and 16, with approximately one-half the actual width of the each strip 18 and 20 overlapping the corresponding end portions of the sheets 14 and 16. Therefore, in the example referred to above, the actual width of each strip 18 and 20 would be 0.5 inch, with 0.25 inch overlapping, and the other 0.25 inch extending from the respective ends of the sheets 12 and 14, as specified above.
  • the overlapping portions of the strips 18 and 20 are then fused to the respective end portions of the sheets 14 and 16, to form the composite sheet 10 shown in Fig. 1.
  • the fusing technique used in accordance with the foregoing can be any one of several techniques, such as fusion bonding, thermal forming, injection molding, blow molding, or the like. Since all of these techniques are well known in the art, they will not be described in detail.
  • the main portion of the sheet 10, which is formed by the sheet 12, is relatively rigid since the sheet 12 is formed by a relatively high density material.
  • the end portions of the sheet 10, which are formed by the relatively low density sheets 14 and 16, are relatively flexible, with the exception of the extreme ends of the sheet 10 which are relatively rigid by virtue of the strips 18 and 20 being formed by a high density material.
  • the composite sheet 10 of Figs. 1 and 2 is used to enclose uninsulated portions of a cable, or cables, for the purpose of protecting the uninsulated conductor of the cable from moisture and contamination.
  • a pair of spliced cables are shown, in general by the reference numerals 24 and 26 in Fig. 3.
  • the cable 24 comprises an electrical conductor 24a surrounded by a cylindrical jacket 24b formed of a conventional insulating material such as polyethylene, polypropylene or an inclusive polymer.
  • the conductor 24 is spliced at 24c and, as a result, the portion of the insulating jacket 24b extending over the splice is removed.
  • the cable 26 comprises an electrical conductor 26a surrounded by an insulating jacket 26b identical to the jacket 24b of the cable 24.
  • the conductor 26 is spliced at 26c with the portion of the jacket 24b extending over the splice being removed.
  • the sheets 14 and 16, which form the flexible portions of the sheets 10 and 10' have a lower melting temperature than the insulating jackets 24b and 26b of the cables 24 and 26, respectively, for reasons to be described.
  • Fig. 4 depicts the composite sheet 10 of Figs. 1 and 2 extending over the cables 24 and 26 of Fig. 3, and a composite sheet 10' extending underneath the cables 24 and 26.
  • the sheet 10' is identical to the sheet 10 and therefore will not be described in any further detail.
  • the sheets 10 and 10' extend over the spliced portions 24c and 26c of the cables 24 and 26, respectively, and for several inches along the lengths of the cables including portions of the insulating jackets 24b and 26b of the cables.
  • the widths of the sheets 10 and 10' are also considerably greater than the distance D between the respective outer longitudinal portions of the cables 24 and 26, as shown in Fig. 4.
  • Various bonding methods can be provided to bond sheets 10 and 10' together.
  • One example includes the use of a resistance wire connected to receive alternating current (AC) or direct current (DC).
  • Another example includes a wire which functions as an antenna to receive radio frequency (RF) waves.
  • a further example includes a bead or beads of suitable adhesive.
  • the corresponding longitudinal marginal portions of the sheets 10 and 10' are bonded together.
  • This can be done in any conventional manner such as, for example, by using two sets of electrically conductive resistance wires or strips 30 and 32, which may be of stainless steel or nickel-chromium or other suitable material.
  • the strips 30 and 32 are placed between the sheets 10 and 10' and along their respective longitudinal marginal portions as shown in Fig. 4, and the latter portions clamped together in any known manner, such as by utilizing closure length bars and "C" clamps (not shown).
  • the strips 30 and 32 extend for substantially the entire lengths of the sheets 10 and 10' , and their respective end portions are bent at right angles and project out from the sheets. Although not shown in the drawings for the convenience of presentation, it is understood that the strips 30 and 32 are connected in an AC or DC electrical circuit including a voltage source so that, upon the application of a predetermined amount of voltage, the strips are heated by the electrical energy.
  • the sheets 10 and 10' thus melt slightly along their respective marginal portions, and, upon cooling, bond together along the latter portions. Since this type of bonding is well known in the art, it will not be described in any further detail.
  • the sheets 10 and 10' are also sealed around the cables 24 and 26. This also can be done in any conventional manner such as by using an external heater, such as, for example, a flexible silicone heater strap well known in the art. An example of the heating technique using this strap will be described as follows without reference to the drawings since the technique, per se, does not form any part of the present invention.
  • a heating strap is placed over the flexible portion of the sheet 10, that is, over that portion of the latter sheet formed by the sheet 14, and another heating strap is placed under the corresponding flexible portion of the sheet 10' .
  • Two teflon sheets are positioned between the heater straps and the sheets 10 and 10' , respectively, to prevent melted material from the sheets from adhering to the heater straps.
  • the outside of each heater strap is covered with a sheet of aluminum foil which, in turn, is covered by several layers of insulating fiberglass cloth.
  • a thick foam strip is then positioned over the fiberglass, and an evenly distributed weight, such as 50 pounds, is then placed on top of the bond area to provide a bonding pressure.
  • the temperature of the heater straps is raised to 350-375 degrees F. for a period of approximately 15 minutes.
  • the flexible portions of the sheets 10 and 10' formed by the sheets 14 melt and fill the voids between the sheets 10 ands 10' and the cables 24 and 26.
  • the heating continues until the insulating jackets 24b and 26b of the cables 24 and 26, respectively, begin melting thus adhering to the above-described melted portions of the sheets 10 and 10' .
  • the temperature is controlled so that the above melting of the insulating jackets 24b and 26b does not damage or adhere to the conductors 24a and 26a of the cables 24 and 26, respectively.
  • the heating straps are then allowed to cool down, and the melted portions of the sheets 10 and 10' bond to each other and to the corresponding portions of the jackets 24b and 26b.
  • the above procedure is repeated with the other flexible end portions of the sheets 10 and 10' formed by the sheets 16.
  • the strips 18 and 20 which form the ends of the sheet 10 and 10' , respectively, have a higher melting temperature than that of the end portions of the sheets formed by the sheets 14 and 16, the strips 18 and 20 do not melt during the above process, but rather remain relatively rigid and keep the melted material of the sheets 14 and 16 from flowing out from the respective ends of the sheets 10 and 10' .
  • the strips 18 and 20 are small enough not to compromise the flexibility of the end portions of the sheet 10 formed by the sheets 14 and 16 as well as the corresponding end portions of the sheet 10' .
  • Fig. 5 is similar to that of Fig. 4 and identical components are referred to by the same reference numerals.
  • the sheets 10 and 10' are replaced by a single sheet 40 which is formed by the sheets 12, 14, and 16, and the strips 18 and 20 in the same manner as the sheet 10 is formed as disclosed in the previous embodiment.
  • the sheet 40 has a width approximately twice the width of the sheet
  • the width of the sheet 40 would therefore be approximately 14 inches, and, is doubled over a fold line F, which could be a living (built-in) hinge, to define an upper portion 40a and a lower portion 40b, as viewed in Fig. 5, each of which has a width of approximately 7 inches.
  • a fold line F which could be a living (built-in) hinge, to define an upper portion 40a and a lower portion 40b, as viewed in Fig. 5, each of which has a width of approximately 7 inches.
  • the closure formed by the doubled-over sheet 40 is identical to the closure formed by the sheets 10 and 10' .
  • a loop of resistance wire 39 is also placed along each opposite end 41 of sheet 40 to seal around the cables 24, 26.
  • This can be used as an alternative to replace the heater strip method mentioned above.
  • the previously described RF wire or bead of adhesive can be used for sealing.
  • a copper wire 39a, Figs. 5b and 5c can be incased in a suitable thermoplastic or heat fusible material 39b containing susceptor composite flakes 39c, i.e. radio frequency power absorbing materials comprising a plurality of multilayered flakes made of thin film crystalline ferromagnetic metal layers, such as NiFe alloy, stacked alternately with thin film dielectric layers, such as SiO.
  • a suitable binder 39b such as polyethylene.
  • the use of the wire 39a provides a method of bonding ends 41a of sheet 40 to seal around the cables 24, 26, and bonding edge 41b using RF power at a frequency of about 5 to about 6000 MHz in the form of an oscillating magnetic field.
  • the field intersects the susceptor composite flakes 39c or susceptor composite binder 39b so that heat is generated, melting and fusing the coating and bonding ends 41a and edge 41b of sheet 40 together.
  • a bead of a known low energy surface adhesive can be used to replace copper wire 39a in Fig. 5b.
  • the term low energy surface adhesive refers to an adhesive based on standard acrylic monomers with organo borane/amine complexes, and may include a polyurethane, an epoxy, or a polyaziridine.
  • closures, and the methods of forming same, of both of the above embodiments of the present invention have several advantages. For example, a strong bond is created between the respective marginal portions of the sheets 10 and 10' and between end portions of the latter sheets and the cable jackets 24b and 26b. Also, the closure thus formed is air tight and water tight, and the relative rigid portions of the sheets 10, 10' , and 40 formed by the sheets 12 provide mechanical protection for the spliced portions 24c and 26c. Also, the closure of the present invention restores the mechanical integrity of the cable, and is easily adaptable to a wide range of splice bundle diameters, cable diameters and number of cables.
  • the application of the closures and methods of the present invention is not limited to spliced cables, but is equally applicable to any electrical conductor at least a portion of which is uninsulated.
  • the insulating jacket from the end portion of the conductor has to be removed to enable the conductor to be connected to the terminal or component.
  • the closure of the present invention could be applied over this end portion of the cable.
  • the present invention is not limited to the particular materials specified above for the sheets 12-16 and the strips 18 and 20, since other materials are equally applicable as long as the basic features of the present invention are retained. Further, the sheet 12 could be eliminated and the sheets 14 and 16 combined into one sheet extending the length of the closure.
  • the sheets 14 and 16 can also be formed of a low melt flow material, such as a blow -mold grade of polyethylene, in which case the strips 18 and 20 would not be needed. It is also understood that the sheet 12 can be provided with reinforcing ribs or strength metal inserts, such as a metal frame, to increase its mechanical integrity. Further, other types of bonding techniques can be employed within the scope of the present invention, such as, for example, the application of radio frequency (RF) energy, or a bead or beads of adhesive. Also, the aforementioned heating strap can be built into the closure 10 rather than applied separately, as discussed above.
  • RF radio frequency

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  • Cable Accessories (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne une gaine en matériau composite pour une partie non isolée d'un câble (24), constituée de deux feuilles composites (10) contenant un matériau fusible. Chaque feuille composite (10) présente une partie relativement rigide (12) qui assure la protection mécanique du câble (24) et des parties d'extrémité relativement souples (14, 16) liées au câble (24). Les bords longitudinaux correspondants des feuilles (109 sont liés l'un à l'autre de sorte que la gaine soit étanche à l'air et à l'eau.
PCT/US1997/003399 1996-11-15 1997-03-05 Gaine d'epissure en materiau composite pour cables electriques WO1998021801A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU25269/97A AU2526997A (en) 1996-11-15 1997-03-05 Composite material splice closure for electrical cables

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US74986996A 1996-11-15 1996-11-15
US08/749,869 1996-11-15

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1998021801A1 true WO1998021801A1 (fr) 1998-05-22

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PCT/US1997/003399 WO1998021801A1 (fr) 1996-11-15 1997-03-05 Gaine d'epissure en materiau composite pour cables electriques

Country Status (2)

Country Link
AU (1) AU2526997A (fr)
WO (1) WO1998021801A1 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2002088813A1 (fr) * 2001-04-27 2002-11-07 Tyco Electronics Raychem Nv Fermeture hermetique a fibres optiques
EP3477806A1 (fr) * 2017-10-30 2019-05-01 Komax Holding Ag Procédé de raccordement d'un premier câble à un second câble, ensemble de câble et dispositif de raccordement de câbles permettant le raccordement d'un premier câble à un second câble

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1114564B (de) * 1960-05-27 1961-10-05 Nordddeutsche Kabelwerke Ag Verbindung von Kunststoffmantelkabeln
DE1943886A1 (de) * 1969-08-29 1971-03-11 Kabel Metallwerke Ghh Verbindungsmuffe aus thermoplastischem Kunststoff
DE2136739A1 (de) * 1971-07-22 1973-02-01 Siemens Ag Kabelgarnitur mit einem aus thermoplastischem kunststoff bestehenden gehaeuse
DE2136768A1 (de) * 1971-07-22 1973-02-01 Siemens Ag Kabelgarnitur aus polyaethylen
DE7538079U (de) * 1975-11-29 1977-05-18 Koettgen Kg, 5070 Bergisch Gladbach Kabel mit vorgefertigter Kabelmuffe
FR2335078A1 (fr) * 1975-12-08 1977-07-08 Raychem Corp Boitiers pour entourer des substrats, en particulier des epissures de cable
EP0236056A2 (fr) * 1986-02-24 1987-09-09 N.V. Raychem S.A. Boîtier d'épissure de câble
WO1993010960A1 (fr) * 1991-11-27 1993-06-10 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Procede et article pour la liaison par micro-ondes de fermetures d'epissures

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1114564B (de) * 1960-05-27 1961-10-05 Nordddeutsche Kabelwerke Ag Verbindung von Kunststoffmantelkabeln
DE1943886A1 (de) * 1969-08-29 1971-03-11 Kabel Metallwerke Ghh Verbindungsmuffe aus thermoplastischem Kunststoff
DE2136739A1 (de) * 1971-07-22 1973-02-01 Siemens Ag Kabelgarnitur mit einem aus thermoplastischem kunststoff bestehenden gehaeuse
DE2136768A1 (de) * 1971-07-22 1973-02-01 Siemens Ag Kabelgarnitur aus polyaethylen
DE7538079U (de) * 1975-11-29 1977-05-18 Koettgen Kg, 5070 Bergisch Gladbach Kabel mit vorgefertigter Kabelmuffe
FR2335078A1 (fr) * 1975-12-08 1977-07-08 Raychem Corp Boitiers pour entourer des substrats, en particulier des epissures de cable
EP0236056A2 (fr) * 1986-02-24 1987-09-09 N.V. Raychem S.A. Boîtier d'épissure de câble
WO1993010960A1 (fr) * 1991-11-27 1993-06-10 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Procede et article pour la liaison par micro-ondes de fermetures d'epissures

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2002088813A1 (fr) * 2001-04-27 2002-11-07 Tyco Electronics Raychem Nv Fermeture hermetique a fibres optiques
US6968113B2 (en) 2001-04-27 2005-11-22 Tyco Electronics Raychem Nv Optical fiber sealing
US7046901B2 (en) 2001-04-27 2006-05-16 Tyco Electronics Raychem Nv Optical fibre sealing
US7149403B2 (en) 2001-04-27 2006-12-12 Tyco Electronics Raychem N.V. Optical fibre sealing assembly
AU2002251289B2 (en) * 2001-04-27 2006-12-21 Tyco Electronics Raychem Nv Optical fibre sealing
CN100335929C (zh) * 2001-04-27 2007-09-05 泰科电子雷伊化学有限公司 光学纤维密封
RU2312382C2 (ru) * 2001-04-27 2007-12-10 Тайко Электроникс Рейкем Нв Герметизация оптического волокна
EP3477806A1 (fr) * 2017-10-30 2019-05-01 Komax Holding Ag Procédé de raccordement d'un premier câble à un second câble, ensemble de câble et dispositif de raccordement de câbles permettant le raccordement d'un premier câble à un second câble
US11404855B2 (en) 2017-10-30 2022-08-02 Komax Holding Ag Method of connecting a first cable to a second cable, cable arrangement, and cable connection device for connecting a first cable to a second cable

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