+

WO1998017576A1 - Dispositif relatif a une grue - Google Patents

Dispositif relatif a une grue Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO1998017576A1
WO1998017576A1 PCT/SE1997/001603 SE9701603W WO9817576A1 WO 1998017576 A1 WO1998017576 A1 WO 1998017576A1 SE 9701603 W SE9701603 W SE 9701603W WO 9817576 A1 WO9817576 A1 WO 9817576A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
arm
crane
cylinder
pressure
luffing
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/SE1997/001603
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Lars Bruun
Original Assignee
Lars Bruun
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Lars Bruun filed Critical Lars Bruun
Priority to AU47301/97A priority Critical patent/AU4730197A/en
Publication of WO1998017576A1 publication Critical patent/WO1998017576A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C23/00—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes
    • B66C23/54—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes with pneumatic or hydraulic motors, e.g. for actuating jib-cranes on tractors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B11/00—Servomotor systems without provision for follow-up action; Circuits therefor
    • F15B11/06—Servomotor systems without provision for follow-up action; Circuits therefor involving features specific to the use of a compressible medium, e.g. air, steam
    • F15B11/064—Servomotor systems without provision for follow-up action; Circuits therefor involving features specific to the use of a compressible medium, e.g. air, steam with devices for saving the compressible medium
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
    • F15B2211/20—Fluid pressure source, e.g. accumulator or variable axial piston pump
    • F15B2211/21—Systems with pressure sources other than pumps, e.g. with a pyrotechnical charge
    • F15B2211/212—Systems with pressure sources other than pumps, e.g. with a pyrotechnical charge the pressure sources being accumulators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
    • F15B2211/30—Directional control
    • F15B2211/305—Directional control characterised by the type of valves
    • F15B2211/30525—Directional control valves, e.g. 4/3-directional control valve
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
    • F15B2211/40—Flow control
    • F15B2211/405—Flow control characterised by the type of flow control means or valve
    • F15B2211/40515—Flow control characterised by the type of flow control means or valve with variable throttles or orifices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
    • F15B2211/40—Flow control
    • F15B2211/45—Control of bleed-off flow, e.g. control of bypass flow to the return line
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
    • F15B2211/50—Pressure control
    • F15B2211/505—Pressure control characterised by the type of pressure control means
    • F15B2211/50554—Pressure control characterised by the type of pressure control means the pressure control means controlling a pressure downstream of the pressure control means, e.g. pressure reducing valve
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
    • F15B2211/50—Pressure control
    • F15B2211/515—Pressure control characterised by the connections of the pressure control means in the circuit
    • F15B2211/5153—Pressure control characterised by the connections of the pressure control means in the circuit being connected to an output member and a directional control valve
    • F15B2211/5155—Pressure control characterised by the connections of the pressure control means in the circuit being connected to an output member and a directional control valve being connected to multiple output members
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
    • F15B2211/50—Pressure control
    • F15B2211/55—Pressure control for limiting a pressure up to a maximum pressure, e.g. by using a pressure relief valve
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
    • F15B2211/60—Circuit components or control therefor
    • F15B2211/625—Accumulators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
    • F15B2211/70—Output members, e.g. hydraulic motors or cylinders or control therefor
    • F15B2211/71—Multiple output members, e.g. multiple hydraulic motors or cylinders
    • F15B2211/7114—Multiple output members, e.g. multiple hydraulic motors or cylinders with direct connection between the chambers of different actuators
    • F15B2211/7121—Multiple output members, e.g. multiple hydraulic motors or cylinders with direct connection between the chambers of different actuators the chambers being connected in series

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for a hydraulically operated crane of the type which comprises a crane arm, which is rotatable around a horizontal axis of rotation by means of a hydraulic lifting cylinder, an arm, henceforth termed a telescopic arm, arranged displaceably on the crane arm and at least one hydraulic cylinder fitted between the telescopic arm and the crane arm capable of displacing the telescopic arm mainly in parallel with the crane arm in order to change the radial range of the crane.
  • load sensing i.e. load sensing systems
  • the pump is controlled according to the actual pressure requirement.
  • load sensing i.e. load sensing systems
  • the maximum pressure is determined by the consumers, i.e. any of all the hydraulic cylinders, hydraulic motors etc which are to be found on the crane. Since it is not realistic to have a pump for each individual consumer, the pressure level is determined by the consumer (function) which requires the highest pressure.
  • This system also signifies considerable efficiency improvements, but the phenomenon still exists that hydraulic oil at high pressure is sent to functions, i.e. hydraulically driven movement means, which do not require this pressure.
  • the overall object of the invention is to tackle the above problems. More precisely, the invention aims to increase considerably the efficiency of the integrated hydraulic system by at least being able to reduce substantially the aforementioned energy wastage and thereby also reduce the fuel consumption for driving the hydraulic generator or generators which feed the crane's hydraulic systems on the vehicle or working machine in question. The invention also aims to offer a hydraulic system which can operate with a mean pressure which is considerably below the pressures required with present systems.
  • Fig. 1 shows a knuckle boom for lifting and handling goods
  • Fig. 2 shows a detailed view of a luffing arm cylinder for moving a luffing arm forming part of the crane according to Fig. 1.
  • the drawings show a knuckle boom
  • the general design of the crane is conventional
  • the main components of the crane 10 are constituted by an upright or pillar 12, which is swivellable on a crane base 14, a lifting arm 16 (also referred to in the trade as the main arm), a luffing arm 18, a telescopically extensible arm 20 (also referred to in the trade as a telescopic arm) arranged in the luffing arm 18 via front and rear sliding devices 19, a gripping device 22, a lifting cylinder 24 for raising the lifting arm 16 by rotation around the horizontal axis of rotation of the lifting arm, a luffing cylinder 26 for operating the luffing arm 18 relative to the lifting arm 16 by rotation in a folding hinge 28, and a hydraulic cylinder 30 for the telescopic arm 20, henceforth termed the telescopic cylinder
  • the telescopic cylinder 30 is arranged so that the cylinder is fitted to the luffing arm 18 and the piston rod is assigned to the
  • a pressure accumulator 40 is assigned to the telescopic cylinder 30
  • the pressure accumulator 40 is connected via lines 42 to the rod side of the telescopic cylinder 30
  • a hydraulic circuit 44 is arranged which comprises an oil trough 46, a pressure source 48 and a valve 50, which via connections 51 connects only the piston side of the cylinder either to the pressure source 48 or the trough 46
  • the gas accumulator 40 can be of any conventional type, preferably of a piston type, although a gas accumulator of the membrane type can also be used in principle According to the embodiment, the former type is preferably used
  • a gas accumulator of this kind contains a piston 52, shown symbolically in the drawing, which divides the gas accumulator cylinder into two compartments, a hydraulic section 54 which is connected to the telescopic cylinder 30 via the line 42 and a pneumatic section 56, which is filled with nitrogen gas under pressure
  • a connection for the initial supply of nitrogen gas is designated 58 This is normally closed, so that the gas volume in the compartment 56 is hermetically enclosed
  • the gas in the gas accumulator is preferably pre-charged at a pressure which is more than 50% of the calculated total pressure which can occur in the accumulator
  • Located in a branch conduit 60 connected to the hydraulic line 42 are two valves connected in parallel to one another, namely a pressure limiting valve 62 on the one hand, normally termed a choke valve in the trade, a name which will be used below, and a check valve 64 on the other hand, which functions as a back flow valve, as will be described below
  • the branch conduit 60 continues after said valves to a servo system, which is
  • the normal movement pattern for a knuckle boom is as follows In relation to the crane's outgoing movement, normally to collect a load, the main arm 16 is lowered, the luffing arm 18 is raised and the telescopic arm 20 is pushed out if necessary, the last-named due to the fact that pressurized oil is introduced via the valve 50 on the piston side of the telescopic arm This causes the oil on the rod side to flow into the pressure accumulator 40, at which the piston 52 in the accumulator moves and means that the gas pressure in the pneumatic section 56 increases
  • the maximum pressure in the hydraulic system which drives the cylinders can be reduced, and the quantity of hydraulic oil which is consumed is reduced
  • the main arm is lowered, in which case its cylinder does not require any pressure and does not consume any oil
  • the luffing arm is raised, a relatively high pressure being required for this movement which in a load-sensing system will be definitive for the maximum pressure of the system
  • the movement of the luffing arm does not require such a large quantity of oil, which means that the available quantity of oil can be used simultaneously to move the telescopic arm out, at the same time as the pressure is high, which is utilised to charge the accumulator to a pressure which clearly exceeds the maximum system pressure owing to the difference in area between the piston side and the rod side, approx 30-40 percent
  • the energy which is used for the movement is stored, i e the energy supplied is stored in the accumulator without any notable losses and thus without heating of the hydraulic oil
  • the energy which is used for the movement is stored, i e the energy supplied is
  • the luffing arm is lowered, which does not require any high pressure, but a relatively large quantity of oil to fill the piston side of the luffing arm cylinder.
  • the valve is opened to the piston side of the telescopic arm, whereupon oil is emitted from there.
  • the pressure in the lifting cylinder which determines the maximum system pressure, as the telescopic arm is pushed in only by means of the pressure in the accumulator.
  • the pressure and flow requirement is now considerably lower and continuous movement of the crane can be executed due to the fact that movement of the telescopic arm is activated only by the pressure of the accumulator and not the system pressure and flow.
  • a further advantage is that the gas accumulator pressure is greatest initially when the force required for retracting the telescopic arm is at its greatest, as the sliding supports 19 of the arm lie very close to one another when the telescopic arm is extended with a "drawer effect", which makes it difficult to retract the arm.
  • Another advantage is that, in contrast to conventional cranes, a gentle end stop of the telescopic arm 20 is obtained due to the fact that the pressure in the accumulator suffices to retract the arm to the end position without any remaining excess pressure. In conventional cranes, the arm is moved in until it comes to a stop, in part due to the fact that the operator often cannot see the position of the arm, with great stresses on the crane as a result.
  • the telescopic arm can be retracted gently to the end position by means of the pressure in the accumulator to simplify operation of the crane.
  • a function can be integrated into the control facility which activates the valve, so that this is held open continuously until the operator deactivates the valve by an order.
  • the operator does not need to hold the valve open actively with the control, but can concentrate on the other movements of the crane.
  • the hydraulic system and the components forming part of the system can be designed in two ways. Either the maximum system pressure can be lowered on existing cranes equipped with cylinders designed for conventional systems, or the system pressure is retained and the flow reduced by reducing the area of the pistons. Whichever method is selected offers significant efficiency improvements for the system. From the point of view of the working environment, advantages are obtained such as the fact that the operator can operate the crane in a more relaxed manner. Studies have shown that operators sit and grip the control harder and harder and thus tense themselves when the crane moves awkwardly due to the fact that the hydraulic system for conventional cranes is not adequate.
  • the luffing arm cylinder 26 can be designed with a bidirectional piston rod 70, Fig 2
  • the piston rod 70 runs through the entire cylinder and through the end walls 72 where one end of the piston is attached to the linkage of the luffing arm in a conventional manner The other end is not fastened but runs freely
  • the main object of this design is to reduce the volume in the cylinder on the side of the piston which is pressurized to fold the luffing arm in, which means that a smaller quantity of hydraulic oil is used when the luffing arm is folded in
  • the piston rod itself leads to a reduction in piston area, but since not so much power is required to fold the luffing arm in this is sufficient

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Jib Cranes (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un dispositif destiné à une grue à commande hydraulique (10) du type comprenant un bras (12) pouvant pivoter autour d'un axe horizontal de pivotement à l'aide d'un cylindre de levage hydraulique (24), un bras (20), dénommé bras télescopique, monté mobile sur le bras (12), ainsi qu'au moins un cylindre hydraulique (30), monté entre le bras télescopique (20) et le bras de la grue (12) et pouvant déplacer le bras télescopique, notamment en parallèle avec le bras de la grue, afin de changer la portée radiale de celle-ci. L'invention est caractérisée en ce que le piston du cylindre hydraulique est conçu de façon à comprimer un volume de gaz enfermé lorsque le bras télescopique est poussé vers l'extérieur.
PCT/SE1997/001603 1996-10-18 1997-09-24 Dispositif relatif a une grue WO1998017576A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU47301/97A AU4730197A (en) 1996-10-18 1997-09-24 Device relating to a crane

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE9603848A SE507514C2 (sv) 1996-10-18 1996-10-18 Anordning vid hydrauliskt manövrerad lyftkran
SE9603848-4 1996-10-18

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1998017576A1 true WO1998017576A1 (fr) 1998-04-30

Family

ID=20404324

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/SE1997/001603 WO1998017576A1 (fr) 1996-10-18 1997-09-24 Dispositif relatif a une grue

Country Status (3)

Country Link
AU (1) AU4730197A (fr)
SE (1) SE507514C2 (fr)
WO (1) WO1998017576A1 (fr)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103539019A (zh) * 2013-09-23 2014-01-29 纽科伦（新乡）起重机有限公司 船用起重机液压系统的起升回路集成模块
WO2018080403A1 (fr) * 2016-10-25 2018-05-03 Tajfun Liv, Proizvodnja In Razvoj D.O.O. Grue pliable
WO2021251909A1 (fr) * 2020-06-12 2021-12-16 Tajfun Liv, Proizvodnja In Razvoj D.O.O. Grue hydraulique télescopique mobile
US12291436B2 (en) 2020-06-19 2025-05-06 Tajfun Liv, Proizvodnja In Razvoj D.O.O. Bearing assembly in a mobile hydraulic crane telescopic arm and a mobile hydraulic crane comprising such assembly

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3297183A (en) * 1965-07-21 1967-01-10 Int Harvester Co Hydraulic self-leveling device for a front mounted bucket type material loader
GB1231585A (fr) * 1967-06-09 1971-05-12

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3297183A (en) * 1965-07-21 1967-01-10 Int Harvester Co Hydraulic self-leveling device for a front mounted bucket type material loader
GB1231585A (fr) * 1967-06-09 1971-05-12

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103539019A (zh) * 2013-09-23 2014-01-29 纽科伦（新乡）起重机有限公司 船用起重机液压系统的起升回路集成模块
WO2018080403A1 (fr) * 2016-10-25 2018-05-03 Tajfun Liv, Proizvodnja In Razvoj D.O.O. Grue pliable
WO2021251909A1 (fr) * 2020-06-12 2021-12-16 Tajfun Liv, Proizvodnja In Razvoj D.O.O. Grue hydraulique télescopique mobile
US12291436B2 (en) 2020-06-19 2025-05-06 Tajfun Liv, Proizvodnja In Razvoj D.O.O. Bearing assembly in a mobile hydraulic crane telescopic arm and a mobile hydraulic crane comprising such assembly

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU4730197A (en) 1998-05-15
SE9603848D0 (sv) 1996-10-18
SE507514C2 (sv) 1998-06-15
SE9603848L (sv) 1998-04-19

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US2990072A (en) Material handling mechanism
US7249457B2 (en) Hydraulic gravitational load energy recuperation
US20090036264A1 (en) Work machine
US5802847A (en) Hydraulic system for a mobile work device, in particular a wheel loader
US3760689A (en) Control system for automatically sequencing operation of a plurality of hydraulic pumps for supplying a plurality of hydraulic actuators
CA2828341C (fr) Dispositif hydraulique de commande intelligente de mat
CA2945219C (fr) Dispositif pour recuperer l'energie hydraulique dans un appareil et appareil correspondant
US6681818B2 (en) Hydraulic circuits for tree-harvesting knuckle booms
US3381833A (en) Self-synchronizing load lifting and lowering system for straddle carriers and the like
US3760688A (en) Synchronized control system for telescoping booms
WO1997016371A1 (fr) Dispositif pour grue
WO1998017576A1 (fr) Dispositif relatif a une grue
CA2342661C (fr) Systeme de commande de fleche hydraulique
US6997221B2 (en) Reach actuation for energy saving hydraulic knuckle booms
CN107893788A (zh) 用于工程机械的液压系统
WO1998033989A1 (fr) Dispositif pour engin hydraulique
US5944204A (en) Hydraulic boom compensation system for aerial devices
SE520844C2 (sv) Hydraulanordning för manövrering av en lastkorg för ett lastfordon
US6763863B2 (en) Hydraulic circuits for tree-harvesting knuckle booms
US11555292B2 (en) Heavy equipment boom system and method and hydraulic circuit therefor
JPH08245180A (ja) 移動式作業機のアウトリガ装置
JPS644794Y2 (fr)
JPS58193906A (ja) 作業機械の油圧回路
RU2017903C1 (ru) Гидропривод фронтального погрузчика
CA2384218C (fr) Circuits hydrauliques de fleches articulees de moissonneuses d'arbres

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
AK Designated states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AL AM AT AT AU AZ BA BB BG BR BY CA CH CN CU CZ CZ DE DE DK DK EE EE ES FI FI GB GE GH HU ID IL IS JP KE KG KP KR KZ LC LK LR LS LT LU LV MD MG MK MN MW MX NO NZ PL PT RO RU SD SE SG SI SK SK SL TJ TM TR TT UA UG US UZ VN YU ZW AM AZ BY KG KZ MD RU TJ TM

AL Designated countries for regional patents

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): GH KE LS MW SD SZ UG ZW AT BE CH DE DK ES FI

DFPE Request for preliminary examination filed prior to expiration of 19th month from priority date (pct application filed before 20040101)
WR Later publication of a revised version of an international search report
121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application
REG Reference to national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: 8642

122 Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase
NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: CA

点击 这是indexloc提供的php浏览器服务，不要输入任何密码和下载