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WO1998012285A1 - Composition de combustible pour moteurs a combustion interne hybrides, procede de production et d'utilisation - Google Patents

Composition de combustible pour moteurs a combustion interne hybrides, procede de production et d'utilisation Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1998012285A1
WO1998012285A1 PCT/HU1997/000029 HU9700029W WO9812285A1 WO 1998012285 A1 WO1998012285 A1 WO 1998012285A1 HU 9700029 W HU9700029 W HU 9700029W WO 9812285 A1 WO9812285 A1 WO 9812285A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
mass
compositions according
engine
fuel
water
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/HU1997/000029
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
András Bertha
Levente Fülöp
Original Assignee
Bertha Andras
Fueloep Levente
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Bertha Andras, Fueloep Levente filed Critical Bertha Andras
Priority to AU30437/97A priority Critical patent/AU3043797A/en
Publication of WO1998012285A1 publication Critical patent/WO1998012285A1/fr

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/32—Liquid carbonaceous fuels consisting of coal-oil suspensions or aqueous emulsions or oil emulsions
    • C10L1/328—Oil emulsions containing water or any other hydrophilic phase

Definitions

  • the invention relates to fuel compositions for the operation of non- gaseous internal-combustion engines as hybrid engines, process to produce said compositions and method to apply them as fuel Background Art
  • the application of fuels with water content can be learnt from US P.S. No. 5 156 114, re-issued No. re. 35,237.
  • the disadvantages are that air reached in hydrogen is required to operate the engine, 28-30 000 Voltage should be supplied to the operation, engine modification is necessary and finally the method is suitable for stabile located engines only, so that it is not appropriate for the vehicles running on public roads.
  • the aim of the invention is ensure fuel composition containing water, for non-gaseous, internal-combustion engines, without the necessity of engine modification, and to make the economical operation of the fuel possible so that a part of the thermal energy from wastes arising during the combustion transmutes into mechanic energy, while the environ- mental pollution considerably decreases. Disclosure of Invention
  • the problem to be solved by the invention was to feed water together with fuel into combustion chamber of the engine in a quantity ensuring the operation of the engine as steam engine as well, the said fuel mixture can be injected into the combustion chamber by the technical equipment - applied for vaporizing - available in the hybrid engine.
  • a new fuel composition and process to produce the same further method to apply fuel compositions mentioned have been worked out.
  • emulsifiers and additives by learning for example from the following technical or patent literature: Kovacs-Halmos: Szerveskemia, Budapest, 1972.; Erdey-Gruz: Fizikai kemia, Budapest, 1972.; Vegh-Szasz: Gy ⁇ gyszereszi kemia, Tank ⁇ nyv- kiad ⁇ , Budapest, 1972., pp. 35-79.
  • Kedvessy Gy ⁇ gyszertechnol ⁇ gia, edicina, Budapest, 1971., pp 320-352; azor L, Analitikai Zsebk ⁇ nyv, M ⁇ szaki Kiad ⁇ , 1971., pp. 79-92; Brzekner Gy., Szerveskemia, Tank ⁇ nyvkiad ⁇ , Budapest, 1973., pp. 67-331 ; and US PS 4 729 769, US PS 4 594 111 , US PS 4 100 097, US PS 5 021 183, US PS 4 438 025, US PS 5 443 757, US PS 3 886 087, US PS 4 210 700, US PS 4 917 883. Description of the preferred embodiements
  • composition according to the present invention is characterised in that containing 60-90 mass%, preferably 45-80 mass% fuel prescribed for the engine, 40-10 mass% - in a given case distilled - water, 0,5-5,0 mass%, pref- erably 5-15 mass% total-emulsifier and other additives if required.
  • substantially the ratio of the characteristic hydrocarbons contained by petrol is changed so that it is encreased for the required value in base speed and in the reduced torque showing range. Therefore the composition containes in an amount of about 10 mass% C 4-7 alcohols and/or carbonhydrogenes having lower boiling point.
  • diesel oil the situation is similar to bring the cetane index in the original position (above 48).
  • n-hexane and/or cyclohexane and/or n-heptane and/or n-pentane is added to the fuel in an amount of max. 10 mass%.
  • the fuel (petrol) in this preferable cases basically is previously treated in the above manner.
  • emulsifier can be used - amongst numerous well-known emulsifiers - anion active emulsifiers in a given amount, like alkali- and alkali earth metal soaps; non-ionic emulsifiers such as fatty alcohols, esters or polybasic fatty alcohols formed with fatty acids, fatty acid esters of polyethylene glycol, sorbite fatty acid esters of polyethylene gly- col or the combination of them.
  • at least two emulsifiers are si- crossanously applied in the composition according to the invention.
  • ad- vantagous representants of the emulsifiers are those of made from fatty acids of natural coconut oil, coconut fatty acid esters, polyethylene derivates of coconut fatty acid esters and coconut fatty acid amides, too.
  • Glycerine can be used for example as an additive in an amount of 0,02-0,5 mass%. Glycerine is favourable because its combustion products are neutral, moreover it hinders the deposition of the combustion products on the non-friction parts.
  • the composition may contain different quasi-emulgents as additive, in a similar amount as glycerine, for the sake of keeping the mixture in emulsion.
  • the process of the invention is characterised in that the emulsifiers are added - in accordance with their attributes - to the polar or nonpolar medium.
  • the required amount of water is added to the pre-treated petrol or oil as described above, and following the emulsifiers) having higher HLB values, than the emulsifier(s) having the lower HLB values are added to the system containing the components and maintaining intensive mixing. In this way an opal emulsion is obtained.
  • quasi-emulgents and stabilising agent are added to the mixture as well.
  • a clear or mild opalic emulsion is obtained having stability properties considering to time and heat which are properly for the purpose of the invention.
  • composition according to the present invention can be prepared on a manifacturer site and can be delivered to the place of selling or use, however, it is not inevitably necessary to prepare it in advance as there is no particular demand for tools or expertise for the process, therefore it can be favourably carried out on or nearby the site of application.
  • a further subject of the invention is the application of the composition according to the invention for internal-combustion engines, which is characterised by injecting the composition as defined above into the combustion chamber of the engine.
  • the piston is moving from the top dead centre to the bottom d.c, the mixture of the emulsion and air is flowing into the cylinder through the open inlet valve.
  • the piston In the second stroke - with closed inlet valves - the piston is moving from the bottom d. c. to the top d. c, while the mixture in it being compressed.
  • the temperature exceeds the critical point of the water, so that the water is getting from liquid state to steam or superheated steam. Due to the state change a pressure gradient occurs at the mentioned critical point , so that the compressing thermal pressure will be higher than it could be expected normally according to the structural atti- tude of the given engine.
  • the ignition occurs and the combustible parts of the emulsion burn, due to the presence of the superheated steam the pressure taking effect on the piston is higher than in case of fuel not consisting water.
  • the pressure force the piston towards the bottom d. c, and the combustion products and the expaneded steam leave the combustion chamber through the open exhaust valve.
  • Example 1 In this case we describe the experiences of the preparation and test running of fuel emulsion suitable for a petrol, four-stroke engine with injector and catalyzer.
  • the test vehicle was a Mazda 626 type car with 2,2 litre injector and engine with 12 valves, run 258,000 kms.
  • the fuel emulsion according to - the invention was made as follows: 750 g 91 octane unleaded petrol, 1 g polyethylene glycol derivatives of natural coconut fatty acid esters, 1 g coconut fatty acid amides, 5 g glycerin as stabilizer and 240 g tap water with 23 nk hardness.
  • the listed emulsifiers were poured together and were feeded to the water in give quantity during continuous stirring.
  • the prepared mixture was filled into the 750 g 91 octane petrol so as to get emulsion. We continued the homogeniza- tion with electric mixer for 10 minutes. The emulsion was poured into the empty tank of the car with previously discharge fuel system. After starting we increased the speed of the car normally to 80 km/h and we were driving with ap- proximately constant speed until the fuel ran out. The accelerating ability of the car during the experiment was as usual earlier, and we did not learn any running irregularity or misfire. The performed 15,5 km distance is 2,5 kms more than the distance achieved furing the trial with exactly the same way and direction but with the prescribed 91 octane petrol. The colour of the spark plugs did not show alteration.
  • the emulsion described above is perative without increasing the quantity of the emulsifiers and the stabilizer, until 60-40 mass% petrol-water emulsion, repsectively, and with adding further additives.
  • Example 2 In this case we prepared fuel emulsion for the engine with 1 ,5 litre cylinder capacity of a diesel VW microbus, without turbocharger and with 48,000 km - run.
  • 10 g cyclohexane was filled into 740 g diesel-oil. The mixture containing water was poured into the blend containing diesel-oil during intensive stirring. We continued the mixing for 10 minutes. The experiment according to the first test was repeated with the obtained mixture.
  • the reached distance was 17 kms, while we could have run only 16 kms using pure diesel oil. Operating anomalies did not shown up during the application of the fuel emulsion and at the change-overs from normal fuel and back.
  • the emulsion described above is operative without increasing the quantity of the emulsifiers and the stabilizer, until 60-40 mass% diesel oil respectively, and with adding further additives.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Liquid Carbonaceous Fuels (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne une composition de combustible non gazeux contenant de l'eau et convenant à la mise en oeuvre de moteurs à combustion interne. Cette composition comporte pour 60 % à 90 %, de préférence pour 45 % à 80 % de sa masse un combustible pour moteur, pour 40 % à 10 % de sa masse de l'eau éventuellement distillée, et pour 0,5 % à 5,0 %, de préférence pour 5 % à 15 % de sa masse totale, un émulsifiant et éventuellement d'autres additifs.
PCT/HU1997/000029 1996-09-23 1997-06-13 Composition de combustible pour moteurs a combustion interne hybrides, procede de production et d'utilisation WO1998012285A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU30437/97A AU3043797A (en) 1996-09-23 1997-06-13 Fuel composition for the operation of internal-combustion engines as hybrid engines, process to produce said compositions and method to apply the same

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
HUP9602590 1996-09-23
HU9602590A HU216371B (hu) 1996-09-23 1996-09-23 Stabil makromolekuláris diszperz rendszerű, vizet tartalmazó folyékony üzemanyag-készítmény belső égésű motorok hibrid motorként történő működtetésére, valamint eljárás a készítmény előállítására

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1998012285A1 true WO1998012285A1 (fr) 1998-03-26

Family

ID=89994297

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/HU1997/000029 WO1998012285A1 (fr) 1996-09-23 1997-06-13 Composition de combustible pour moteurs a combustion interne hybrides, procede de production et d'utilisation

Country Status (3)

Country Link
AU (1) AU3043797A (fr)
HU (1) HU216371B (fr)
WO (1) WO1998012285A1 (fr)

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1999063025A1 (fr) * 1998-06-05 1999-12-09 Clean Fuels Technology, Inc. Emulsions aqueuses de carburant stables et procede de fabrication
WO1999063026A1 (fr) * 1998-06-05 1999-12-09 Clean Fuels Technology, Inc. Compositions de carburant a haute stabilite
WO1999063024A1 (fr) * 1998-06-05 1999-12-09 Clean Fuels Technology, Inc. Compositions stables d'emulsions inverses de carburant et leur procede de preparation
DE19917753A1 (de) * 1999-04-20 2000-10-26 Ulrich Friesen Emulsionskraftstoff
WO2000069999A1 (fr) * 1999-05-14 2000-11-23 Bertha Andras Additif permettant de stabiliser les combustibles contenant de l'eau et combustible stabilise a l'aide de cet additif
WO2001036570A1 (fr) * 1999-11-17 2001-05-25 Bertha Andras Huiles combustibles degageant des gaz d'echappement a faible teneur en nox au cours de la combustion
US6607566B1 (en) 1998-07-01 2003-08-19 Clean Fuel Technology, Inc. Stabile fuel emulsions and method of making
US7407522B2 (en) 1998-07-01 2008-08-05 Clean Fuels Technology, Inc. Stabile invert fuel emulsion compositions and method of making
US7645305B1 (en) 1998-07-01 2010-01-12 Clean Fuels Technology, Inc. High stability fuel compositions
US10791903B2 (en) 2017-01-31 2020-10-06 Bissell Inc. Steam cleaning apparatus
KR20210019428A (ko) * 2018-06-12 2021-02-22 이고르 스태트니 다작용성 폴리 메틸아민 계면활성제 및 이의 제조 방법
US11753599B2 (en) 2021-06-04 2023-09-12 Afton Chemical Corporation Lubricating compositions for a hybrid engine

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4158551A (en) * 1975-01-27 1979-06-19 Feuerman Arnold I Gasoline-water emulsion
EP0475620A2 (fr) * 1990-09-07 1992-03-18 Exxon Research And Engineering Company Compositions de combustible diesel sous forme d'une microémulsion et méthode pour leur application
US5156114A (en) * 1989-11-22 1992-10-20 Gunnerman Rudolf W Aqueous fuel for internal combustion engine and method of combustion
US5283001A (en) * 1986-11-24 1994-02-01 Canadian Occidental Petroleum Ltd. Process for preparing a water continuous emulsion from heavy crude fraction
US5344306A (en) * 1991-08-28 1994-09-06 Nalco Fuel Tech Reducing nitrogen oxides emissions by dual fuel firing of a turbine
WO1995027021A1 (fr) * 1994-04-04 1995-10-12 Gunnerman Rudolf W Carburant aqueux pour moteurs a combustion interne et son procede d'obtention

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4158551A (en) * 1975-01-27 1979-06-19 Feuerman Arnold I Gasoline-water emulsion
US5283001A (en) * 1986-11-24 1994-02-01 Canadian Occidental Petroleum Ltd. Process for preparing a water continuous emulsion from heavy crude fraction
US5156114A (en) * 1989-11-22 1992-10-20 Gunnerman Rudolf W Aqueous fuel for internal combustion engine and method of combustion
EP0475620A2 (fr) * 1990-09-07 1992-03-18 Exxon Research And Engineering Company Compositions de combustible diesel sous forme d'une microémulsion et méthode pour leur application
US5344306A (en) * 1991-08-28 1994-09-06 Nalco Fuel Tech Reducing nitrogen oxides emissions by dual fuel firing of a turbine
WO1995027021A1 (fr) * 1994-04-04 1995-10-12 Gunnerman Rudolf W Carburant aqueux pour moteurs a combustion interne et son procede d'obtention

Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1999063026A1 (fr) * 1998-06-05 1999-12-09 Clean Fuels Technology, Inc. Compositions de carburant a haute stabilite
WO1999063024A1 (fr) * 1998-06-05 1999-12-09 Clean Fuels Technology, Inc. Compositions stables d'emulsions inverses de carburant et leur procede de preparation
WO1999063025A1 (fr) * 1998-06-05 1999-12-09 Clean Fuels Technology, Inc. Emulsions aqueuses de carburant stables et procede de fabrication
US6607566B1 (en) 1998-07-01 2003-08-19 Clean Fuel Technology, Inc. Stabile fuel emulsions and method of making
US7645305B1 (en) 1998-07-01 2010-01-12 Clean Fuels Technology, Inc. High stability fuel compositions
US7407522B2 (en) 1998-07-01 2008-08-05 Clean Fuels Technology, Inc. Stabile invert fuel emulsion compositions and method of making
DE19917753A1 (de) * 1999-04-20 2000-10-26 Ulrich Friesen Emulsionskraftstoff
WO2000069999A1 (fr) * 1999-05-14 2000-11-23 Bertha Andras Additif permettant de stabiliser les combustibles contenant de l'eau et combustible stabilise a l'aide de cet additif
WO2001036570A1 (fr) * 1999-11-17 2001-05-25 Bertha Andras Huiles combustibles degageant des gaz d'echappement a faible teneur en nox au cours de la combustion
US10791903B2 (en) 2017-01-31 2020-10-06 Bissell Inc. Steam cleaning apparatus
US11793386B2 (en) 2017-01-31 2023-10-24 Bissell Inc. Steam cleaning apparatus
KR20210019428A (ko) * 2018-06-12 2021-02-22 이고르 스태트니 다작용성 폴리 메틸아민 계면활성제 및 이의 제조 방법
KR102558328B1 (ko) 2018-06-12 2023-07-20 이고르 스태트니 다작용성 폴리 메틸아민 계면활성제 및 이의 제조 방법
US11753599B2 (en) 2021-06-04 2023-09-12 Afton Chemical Corporation Lubricating compositions for a hybrid engine

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
HU216371B (hu) 1999-06-28
AU3043797A (en) 1998-04-14
HU9602590D0 (en) 1996-11-28
HUP9602590A1 (hu) 1998-10-28

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