WO1998007527A1 - Process for applying a multilayered coat of lacquer - Google Patents
Process for applying a multilayered coat of lacquer Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1998007527A1 WO1998007527A1 PCT/EP1997/004462 EP9704462W WO9807527A1 WO 1998007527 A1 WO1998007527 A1 WO 1998007527A1 EP 9704462 W EP9704462 W EP 9704462W WO 9807527 A1 WO9807527 A1 WO 9807527A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- layer
- coating
- lacquer
- coating layer
- autophoretically
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000004922 lacquer Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 71
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 113
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 80
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 76
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000001652 electrophoretic deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000004040 coloring Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010422 painting Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012799 electrically-conductive coating Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000037452 priming Effects 0.000 abstract 3
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 42
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 41
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 34
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 34
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 20
- 239000003431 cross linking reagent Substances 0.000 description 17
- 239000004971 Cross linker Substances 0.000 description 14
- 239000008199 coating composition Substances 0.000 description 14
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 13
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 description 12
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 12
- -1 hydroxypropyl Chemical group 0.000 description 12
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 description 11
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 11
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 9
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 9
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acrylate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 8
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 7
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 6
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorane Chemical compound F KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 5
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000012948 isocyanate Substances 0.000 description 5
- 150000002513 isocyanates Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butadiene Chemical compound C=CC=C KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 4
- 125000003010 ionic group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 239000004611 light stabiliser Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanoic acid Natural products OC=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 4
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene glycol Chemical compound CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920006243 acrylic copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 238000010382 chemical cross-linking Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000084 colloidal system Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000004070 electrodeposition Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003995 emulsifying agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- ARZLUCYKIWYSHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxymethoxymethanol Chemical compound OCOCO ARZLUCYKIWYSHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000001034 iron oxide pigment Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920005749 polyurethane resin Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 description 3
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 3
- OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(3-methoxyphenyl)aniline Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC(C=2C=CC(N)=CC=2)=C1 OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylonitrile Chemical compound C=CC#N NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 description 2
- XTEGARKTQYYJKE-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chlorate Chemical compound [O-]Cl(=O)=O XTEGARKTQYYJKE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000005062 Polybutadiene Substances 0.000 description 2
- NRCMAYZCPIVABH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Quinacridone Chemical compound N1C2=CC=CC=C2C(=O)C2=C1C=C1C(=O)C3=CC=CC=C3NC1=C2 NRCMAYZCPIVABH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OC=C XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl chloride Chemical compound ClC=C BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- BTANRVKWQNVYAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N butan-2-ol Chemical compound CCC(C)O BTANRVKWQNVYAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002118 epoxides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 235000019253 formic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000003055 glycidyl group Chemical group C(C1CO1)* 0.000 description 2
- RBTKNAXYKSUFRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N heliogen blue Chemical compound [Cu].[N-]1C2=C(C=CC=C3)C3=C1N=C([N-]1)C3=CC=CC=C3C1=NC([N-]1)=C(C=CC=C3)C3=C1N=C([N-]1)C3=CC=CC=C3C1=N2 RBTKNAXYKSUFRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZSIAUFGUXNUGDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCO ZSIAUFGUXNUGDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 2
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000010445 mica Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052618 mica group Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000003472 neutralizing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002161 passivation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000005385 peroxodisulfate group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- IEQIEDJGQAUEQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phthalocyanine Chemical compound N1C(N=C2C3=CC=CC=C3C(N=C3C4=CC=CC=C4C(=N4)N3)=N2)=C(C=CC=C2)C2=C1N=C1C2=CC=CC=C2C4=N1 IEQIEDJGQAUEQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920002857 polybutadiene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920001228 polyisocyanate Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000005056 polyisocyanate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002952 polymeric resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000010526 radical polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920003002 synthetic resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000012222 talc Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000005809 transesterification reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000080 wetting agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 2
- JYEUMXHLPRZUAT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,3-triazine Chemical compound C1=CN=NN=C1 JYEUMXHLPRZUAT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JLBXCKSMESLGTJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethoxypropan-1-ol Chemical compound CCOC(O)CC JLBXCKSMESLGTJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LHENQXAPVKABON-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methoxypropan-1-ol Chemical compound CCC(O)OC LHENQXAPVKABON-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OEPOKWHJYJXUGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-phenylmethoxyphenyl)-1,3-thiazole-4-carbaldehyde Chemical compound O=CC1=CSC(C=2C=C(OCC=3C=CC=CC=3)C=CC=2)=N1 OEPOKWHJYJXUGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- POAOYUHQDCAZBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-butoxyethanol Chemical compound CCCCOCCO POAOYUHQDCAZBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylamide Chemical compound NC(=O)C=C HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GAWIXWVDTYZWAW-UHFFFAOYSA-N C[CH]O Chemical group C[CH]O GAWIXWVDTYZWAW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001335 Galvanized steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrazine Chemical compound NN OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methacrylic acid Chemical compound CC(=C)C(O)=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229920003180 amino resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000012874 anionic emulsifier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002518 antifoaming agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008346 aqueous phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010953 base metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- SXDBWCPKPHAZSM-UHFFFAOYSA-M bromate Inorganic materials [O-]Br(=O)=O SXDBWCPKPHAZSM-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- SXDBWCPKPHAZSM-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromic acid Chemical compound OBr(=O)=O SXDBWCPKPHAZSM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MTAZNLWOLGHBHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N butadiene-styrene rubber Chemical compound C=CC=C.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 MTAZNLWOLGHBHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000013877 carbamide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000001735 carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZCDOYSPFYFSLEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromate(2-) Chemical compound [O-][Cr]([O-])(=O)=O ZCDOYSPFYFSLEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- SOCTUWSJJQCPFX-UHFFFAOYSA-N dichromate(2-) Chemical compound [O-][Cr](=O)(=O)O[Cr]([O-])(=O)=O SOCTUWSJJQCPFX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007720 emulsion polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N ferrosoferric oxide Chemical compound O=[Fe]O[Fe]O[Fe]=O SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002222 fluorine compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008397 galvanized steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009477 glass transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002334 glycols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920001519 homopolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910000040 hydrogen fluoride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SHXXPRJOPFJRHA-UHFFFAOYSA-K iron(iii) fluoride Chemical compound F[Fe](F)F SHXXPRJOPFJRHA-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 229920000126 latex Polymers 0.000 description 1
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N maleic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C/C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 239000000693 micelle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000007522 mineralic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- CWQXQMHSOZUFJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N molybdenum disulfide Chemical compound S=[Mo]=S CWQXQMHSOZUFJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052982 molybdenum disulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002762 monocarboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000004108 n-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000005985 organic acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-M perchlorate Inorganic materials [O-]Cl(=O)(=O)=O VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N perchloric acid Chemical compound OCl(=O)(=O)=O VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JRKICGRDRMAZLK-UHFFFAOYSA-L peroxydisulfate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)(=O)OOS([O-])(=O)=O JRKICGRDRMAZLK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- XYFCBTPGUUZFHI-UHFFFAOYSA-O phosphonium Chemical compound [PH4+] XYFCBTPGUUZFHI-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- 230000000485 pigmenting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001225 polyester resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001453 quaternary ammonium group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000000518 rheometry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007665 sagging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000467 secondary amino group Chemical group [H]N([*:1])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
- DEWNCLAWVNEDHG-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;2-(2-methylprop-2-enoyloxy)ethanesulfonate Chemical compound [Na+].CC(=C)C(=O)OCCS([O-])(=O)=O DEWNCLAWVNEDHG-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L sulfate group Chemical group S(=O)(=O)([O-])[O-] QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 125000001273 sulfonato group Chemical group [O-]S(*)(=O)=O 0.000 description 1
- RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-O sulfonium group Chemical group [SH3+] RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001302 tertiary amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003672 ureas Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002966 varnish Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004924 water-based lacquer Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D7/00—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D7/50—Multilayers
- B05D7/56—Three layers or more
- B05D7/57—Three layers or more the last layer being a clear coat
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D13/00—Electrophoretic coating characterised by the process
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for producing a multilayer coating of substrates having an autophoretically coatable metallic surface.
- Today's high-quality automotive OEM coatings are generally produced by electrophoretic deposition of a primer that protects against corrosion on a body-in-white usually provided with a conversion layer, and subsequent spray application of subsequent layers consisting of a filler layer and a subsequently applied decorative coating of paint and / or effect-imparting basecoat and a protective clearcoat that seals the surface.
- the conversion layer on the uncoated body-in-white is produced by considerable chemical pretreatment, generally consisting of phosphating and passivation.
- the total layer thickness of such automotive coatings is in practice between 90 and 130 ⁇ m, which is the sum of 15 to 25 ⁇ m layer thickness for the primer, 30 to 40 ⁇ m for the filler layer, 10 to 25 ⁇ m for the basecoat layer and 30 to 40 ⁇ m for the Clear coat results.
- DE-A-42 15 070 and DE-A-38 39 905 describe the application of several layers of clear lacquer to one basecoat layer.
- DE-B-22 27 289 discloses a method in which a two-layer coating is produced by electrophoretic deposition of a coating layer on an electrically conductive coating layer previously autophoretically deposited on iron- and / or zinc-containing metal surfaces.
- the autophoretically depositable coating agent (autophoresis lacquer) contains electrically conductive material, in particular 10 to 100 g of electrically conductive carbon per liter of the coating agent.
- the object of the invention is to provide multi-layer coatings, in particular motor vehicle coatings, which meet the requirements of an outstanding gloss and topcoat level, without exceeding the normal level of the total layer thicknesses of motor vehicle coatings, and without having to accept disadvantages in the overall property level.
- this object can surprisingly be achieved by a method for multi-layer coating by applying a primer layer, a basecoat layer and one or more clear lacquer layers to a substrate which has an autophoretically coatable metallic surface, with the application of the primer layer and the application an intermediate layer can be applied to the basecoat layer, which is characterized in that the primer layer is applied as the first coating layer from an autophoretically depositable coating agent by autophoretic deposition and then baked, whereupon the further coating layers are applied, so that the total dry layer thickness of the multi-layer coating is 80-130 ⁇ m and the total dry layer thickness of the clear lacquer layers is 40 - 80 ⁇ m.
- the first coating layer is created from an autophoretically depositable coating agent which leads to a coating layer which is electrically conductive when baked.
- the immediately following layer can then preferably be applied to such a first coating layer by electrophoretic deposition of an electrophoretically depositable aqueous coating agent
- .SEASER LEAF (RULE 26) are applied, which preferably leads to an electrically insulating second coating layer.
- An intermediate layer can be formed and baked as the second coating layer, whereupon a basecoat layer composed of a coloring and / or effect-imparting coating agent is applied as the third coating layer and is overcoated with one or more clear lacquer coating agents.
- a basecoat layer is formed as a second coating layer from an electrophoretically depositable aqueous coating agent by electrophoretic deposition and is overcoated with one or more clearcoat layers.
- the total dry layer thickness of the lacquer structure is 90-130 ⁇ m, particularly preferably less than 110 ⁇ m.
- the total dry film thickness of the paint structure is preferably 80-110 ⁇ m.
- a first lies in a process for producing a multi-layer coating on a substrate having an autophoretically coatable, metallic surface, in which a first coating layer is autophoretically deposited from an autophoretically depositable coating agent and then baked, whereupon further coating layers are applied, which is characterized in that one uses an autophoretically depositable coating agent which leads to a coating layer which is electrically conductive in the baked state, whereupon after baking the first coating layer, an electrically insulating second coating layer is electrophoretically deposited and baked from an electrophoretically separable aqueous coating agent, whereupon as third coating layer, a basecoat layer of a coloring and / or effect-imparting coating agent is applied, which is overpainted with a four, transparent coating layer of a clear lacquer coating agent and baked together therewith, whereupon one or more further transparent coating layers are applied, the total dry layer thickness of the paint structure is between 90 and 130 ⁇ m, preferably less than 110 ⁇ m, and the dry
- the clear lacquer layer can consist of one or more layers, the first clear lacquer layer preferably being stoved before application of the further clear lacquer layers. If several layers of clear lacquer are applied, they can be created from the same or different clear lacquer coating agents.
- a second particularly preferred embodiment of the invention consists in a process for producing a multi-layer coating on a substrate having an autophoretically coatable, metallic surface, in which a primer is applied autophoretically from an autophoretically depositable aqueous coating agent and then baked, whereupon a color and / or effect basecoat is applied from an aqueous coating agent and baked, and this is then provided without the application of intermediate layers with one or more clearcoat coatings, which is characterized in that an autophoretically depositable coating agent is used which leads to an electrically conductive primer layer in the baked state , the basecoat is formed from an electrophoretically depositable aqueous coating agent by electrophoretic deposition, the total dry film thickness of the clear lacquer layer or clear lacquer layers between 40 and 80 microns, preferably between 40 and 60 microns and the total dry layer thickness of the multi-layer coating is 80 to 110 microns.
- the clear lacquer layer can consist of one or more layers, the first clear lacquer layer preferably being stoved before application of the further clear lacquer layers. If several layers of clear lacquer are applied, they can can be created from the same or different clear lacquer coating agents.
- the multi-layer coatings obtained by the process according to the invention have an adhesion between the first, autophoretically deposited coating layer and the second, electrophoretically deposited coating layer which meets the high requirements of automotive series coating.
- autophoretically depositable coating agents which are known per se can be used as the autophoretically depositable coating agents for producing the first coating layer, the autophoretically depositable coating agent preferably containing constituents which, in the baked state, the first coating layer contains one for the electrophoretic deposition of a further coating layer from an electrophoretic impart a sufficiently low resistivity to depositable coating agents.
- the autophoretically depositable coating agents are coating agents based on aqueous binder dispersions with a negative surface charge on the binder particles. Due to their generally acidic pH of, for example, between 1 and 6, preferably between 1.5 and 5.0, and their generally oxidizing character, autophoresis lacquers are capable of attacking sufficiently base metal surfaces with the release of corresponding metal ions. If a metal ion concentration is reached in the area of the metal surface that is sufficient to destabilize and coagulate the binder particles dispersed in the water phase, a coating film is deposited on the metal surface.
- the autophoretically depositable coating agents which can be used in the process according to the invention generally have a low solids content of, for example, up to 20% by weight, the lower limit generally being, for example, 5% by weight and the upper limit being, for example, 10% by weight. They contain alongside autophoretically separable film-forming binder, water, acid and, if appropriate, electrically conductive constituents as a rule also oxidizing agents and, if appropriate, crosslinking agents for the binders, fillers, pigments and customary paint additives.
- the autophoretically depositable coating compositions which can be used according to the invention for the production of the first coating layer can be physically drying or can be crosslinked with the formation of covalent bonds.
- the autophoresis lacquers which crosslink with the formation of covalent bonds can be self- or externally crosslinking systems.
- the autophoresis lacquers which can be used in the process according to the invention for the production of the first coating layer contain one or more film-forming binders which have neutral or anionic groups per se.
- the binders are not self-crosslinking or physically drying (thermoplastic), they may also contain crosslinking agents.
- Binder and any crosslinker present are in the form of an aqueous dispersion with a negative surface charge on the particles.
- the negative surface charge stabilizes the dispersed particles in the aqueous phase.
- the negative surface charge can originate, for example, from anionic groups in the binder and / or, in particular in the case of neutral binders, from anionic emulsifier for the binder and the crosslinking agent.
- anionic groups in the binder are anionic groups of the binder itself, for example carboxyl groups or sulfonate groups, and / or anionic residues from the production of binders, for example from the production of a binder which is neutral per se.
- anionic residues from binder production are sulfate groups as residues contained in the binder from radical polymerization initiated by peroxodisulfate.
- Both the binder component and the crosslinker component are not subject to any restrictions per se; it is possible to use resins which are customary in lacquer and are familiar to the skilled worker. For example, polyester, polyurethane, epoxy and / or polymer resins can be used as film-forming binders.
- Polymer resins ie by radical polymerization, in particular Binders produced by emulsion polymerization or seed polymerization are particularly preferred in the process according to the invention.
- Binders produced by emulsion polymerization or seed polymerization are particularly preferred in the process according to the invention.
- Particular preference is given to conventional aqueous, thermoplastic polymer dispersions (latices) which contain homo- or copolymers of olefinically unsaturated monomers with glass transition temperatures, for example between 0 and 100 ° C., as the disperse phase.
- Suitable olefinically unsaturated monomers for building up such homopolymers and copolymers are (meth) acrylic esters, such as methyl (meth) acrylate, ethyl (meth) acrylate, n-butyl (meth) acrylate, hydroxyethyl (meth) acrylate, hydroxypropyl (meth ) acrylate, ethylhexyl (meth) acrylate; Glycidyl esters of unsaturated carboxylic acids, such as glycidyl (meth) acrylate; (Meth) acrylamide, (meth) acrylonitrile, monomers containing anionic groups, such as alkali metal, for example sodium 2-sulfoethyl methacrylate, (meth) acrylic acid; but also monomers without other functional groups or with other functional groups, such as ethylene, styrene, vinyl chloride, vinylidene chloride, vinyl acetate, butadiene
- aqueous polymer dispersions suitable in the context of the invention are styrene / butadiene, butadiene / acrylonitrile, vinyl chloride, ethylene / vinyl acetate and vinylidene chloride copolymer dispersions, the latter being particularly preferred.
- crosslinking agents that may be present depends on the functionality of the binder, i.e. the crosslinkers are selected from conventional crosslinkers known to those skilled in the art so that they have a reactive functionality which is complementary to the functionality of the binders.
- Examples of such complementary functionalities between binder and crosslinker are: hydroxyl / methylol ether, hydroxyl / blocked isocyanate. If compatible with one another, several such complementary functionalities can also be present side by side in an autophoresis varnish.
- the crosslinking agents which may be used in the autophoresis lacquers can be present individually or in a mixture.
- the autophoretically depositable coating agents contain one or more free acids in an amount to adjust the above-mentioned pH range and preferably also one or more oxidizing agents.
- free acids include inorganic acids, such as hydrochloric acid, phosphoric acid, sulfuric acid, ⁇
- Nitric acid and organic acids such as formic acid, acetic acid.
- Hydrofluoric acid is particularly preferred.
- preferred oxidizing agents are chromate, dichromate, bromate, chlorate, perchlorate, permanganate, persulfate, peroxodisulfate. Hydrogen peroxide is particularly preferred.
- a particularly preferred combination of acid and oxidizing agent is the combination of hydrofluoric acid / hydrogen peroxide.
- the autophoretically depositable coating compositions which can be used in the process according to the invention preferably contain constituents which impart electrical conductivity. They should provide the first coating layer in the baked state with a resistivity which is sufficiently low for the electrophoretic deposition of a further coating layer from the electrophoretically depositable coating agent, generally below 10 8 ohms. cm, for example between 10 3 and 10 8 ohms. give cm.
- constituents are particulate inorganic or organic electrical conductors or semiconductors as are customary for this purpose and are familiar to the person skilled in the art, for example iron oxide black, graphite, carbon black, metal powder, for example made of copper or stainless steel, molybdenum disulfide.
- the electrical conductivity-imparting constituents are contained in the autophoretically depositable coating agent in such an amount that the desired specific resistance of the coating layer deposited therefrom is achieved in the baked state.
- the proportion of the constituent or components imparting electrical conductivity is, for example, between 1 and 30% by weight. The proportion can easily be determined by a specialist; it depends, for example, on the specific weight, the specific electrical conductivity and the particle size of the components imparting electrical conductivity. One or more of these components can be present in combination.
- the autophoretically depositable coating compositions which can be used in the process according to the invention preferably contain pigments and / or fillers.
- pigments for example, conventional, inorganic or organic, in particular acid-resistant, pigments and / or fillers.
- examples are carbon black, titanium dioxide, iron oxide pigments, kaolin, talc or silicon dioxide, but also anti-corrosion pigments.
- Pigments, fillers and the components which impart electrical conductivity to the baked-in autophoresis lacquer can be used, for example, as pigment suspensions (pigment slurries) or pigment grinds in water and / or organic, water-miscible solvents, such as glycols, for example ethylene glycol, propylene glycol; Alcohols, for example sec-butanol and hexanol; Glycol ethers, for example ethoxypropanol, methoxypropanol and butoxyethanol, can be used in the formulation of the autophoretically depositable coating agent which can be used according to the invention.
- pigment suspensions pigment slurries
- pigment grinds in water and / or organic, water-miscible solvents
- glycols for example ethylene glycol, propylene glycol
- Alcohols for example sec-butanol and hexanol
- Glycol ethers for example ethoxypropanol, methoxypropano
- Pigment grinds of this type are also commercially available and are marketed, for example, by HOECHST under the name Colanyl R.
- aqueous non-ionically stabilized pigment dispersions can be mixed with anionically stabilized resin dispersions to produce pigment concentrates suitable for pigmenting autophoresis lacquers.
- the autophoretically depositable coating compositions which can be replaced in the process according to the invention can furthermore contain customary additives.
- customary paint additives such as wetting agents, anionic and / or non-ionic emulsifiers, protective colloids, flow control agents, corrosion inhibitors, plasticizers, anti-foaming agents, solvents, for example as film-forming aids, light stabilizers, fluorides, in particular, for example, iron trifluoride, hydrogen fluoride, complex fluorine anions, for example tetraconafluoroboroboronate , Hexafluorotitanates.
- customary paint additives such as wetting agents, anionic and / or non-ionic emulsifiers, protective colloids, flow control agents, corrosion inhibitors, plasticizers, anti-foaming agents, solvents, for example as film-forming aids, light stabilizers, fluorides, in particular, for example, iron trifluoride, hydrogen fluoride, complex fluorine an
- Protective colloids and / or emulsifiers in particular are preferably only present in the smallest possible amount, for example below the critical micelle concentration, and preferably originate from the binder dispersions used in the formulation of the autophoretically separable coating agents.
- protective colloids and / or emulsifiers are used in the production of the binder dispersions.
- electrophoretically depositable coating agents can be used in the method according to the invention.
- the anodically or cathodically depositable electrocoat materials (ETL) known per se are suitable for this.
- the coating compositions are aqueous coating compositions with a solids content of up to 50% by weight, for example up to 20% by weight, the lower limit being, for example, 10% by weight.
- the solid is formed from binders customary for electrocoating, at least some of the binders bearing ionic and / or substituents which can be converted into ionic groups and, if appropriate, groups capable of chemical crosslinking, as well as any crosslinking agents, fillers, pigments and additives customary in lacquers.
- the ionic groups or groups of the binders which can be converted into ionic groups can be anionic or groups which can be converted into anionic groups, acidic groups such as -COOH, -SO 3 H and / or -PO 3 H 2 and the corresponding anionic groups neutralized with bases. They can also be cationic or convertible into cationic groups, for example basic groups, preferably nitrogen-containing basic groups; these groups can be present in quaternized form or they are converted into ionic groups using a conventional neutralizing agent, for example an organic monocarboxylic acid, such as, for example, formic acid or acetic acid. Examples are amino, ammonium, for example quaternary ammonium, phosphonium and / or sulfonium groups.
- the customary cathodic electrocoat materials (KTL) based on cationic or basic binders can be used to produce the second coating layer.
- Such basic resins are, for example, primary, secondary and / or tertiary amino-containing resins whose amine numbers are, for example, 20 to 250 mg KOH / g.
- the weight average molecular weight (Mw) of the base resins is preferably from 300 to 10,000. Examples of such base resins are amino (meth) acrylate resins, aminoepoxy resins, 1 !
- Amino epoxy resins with terminal double bonds amino epoxy resins with primary OH groups, amino polyurethane resins, amino group-containing polybutadiene resins or modified epoxy resin-carbon dioxide-amine reaction products.
- These base resins can be self-crosslinking or they are used in a mixture with known crosslinking agents.
- crosslinkers are aminoplast resins, blocked polyisocyanates, crosslinkers with terminal double bonds, polyepoxide compounds or crosslinkers which contain groups capable of transesterification.
- the usual anionic group-containing anodically depositable electrocoat binders and paints can also be used in the process according to the invention to produce the second coating layer.
- binders based on polyesters, epoxy resin esters, (meth) acrylic copolymer resins, maleate oils or polybutadiene oils with a weight average molecular weight (Mw) of, for example, 300 to 10,000 and an acid number of 35 to 300 mg KOH / g.
- Mw weight average molecular weight
- the binders carry -COOH, -SO 3 H and / or -PO 3 H 2 groups. After neutralization of at least some of the acidic groups, the resins can be converted into the water phase.
- the binders can be self-crosslinking or externally crosslinking.
- the lacquers can therefore also contain customary crosslinking agents, for example triazine resins, crosslinking agents which contain groups capable of transesterification or blocked polyisocyanates.
- an ATL coating agent as the ETL coating agent, in particular when implementing the special and independent embodiment of the present invention in which the basecoat is deposited electrophoretically.
- the ETL coating compositions can contain pigments, fillers and / or additives customary in lacquers. Suitable pigments are, for example, the customary inorganic and / or organic colored pigments and / or effect pigments and / or fillers.
- Pigments include, for example, the customary inorganic and / or organic colored pigments and / or effect pigments, such as titanium dioxide, iron oxide pigments, Carbon black, phthalocyanine pigments, quinacridone pigments, metal pigments, for example made of titanium, aluminum or copper, interference pigments, such as, for example, titanium dioxide-coated aluminum, coated mica, graphite effect pigments, platelet-shaped iron oxide, platelet-shaped copper phthalocyanine pigments in question.
- fillers are kaolin, talc or silicon dioxide.
- the pigments can be dispersed into pigment pastes, e.g. using known paste resins.
- pigment pastes such as are used in the water-based lacquers known to those skilled in the art for producing two-layer lacquers of the basecoat / clearcoat type.
- Such pigment pastes can be obtained by rubbing the pigments in a special water-thinnable paste resin.
- additives as are known in particular for ETL coating agents, are possible as additives.
- these are wetting agents, neutralizing agents, leveling agents, catalysts, corrosion inhibitors, antifoams, solvents, but in particular light stabilizers, if appropriate in combination with antioxidants.
- known coloring and / or effect basecoat coating compositions such as are used for the production of basecoat / clearcoat two-coat coatings and which are known in large numbers, for example, from the patent literature, can be used to produce the third coating layer.
- the basecoats which can be used according to the invention for the production of the third coating layer can be physically drying or can be crosslinked to form covalent bonds.
- the basecoats which crosslink with the formation of covalent bonds can be self- or externally crosslinking systems.
- the color and / or effect basecoats which can be used in the process according to the invention are liquid coating compositions. It can be a one- or multi-component coating agent, single-component are preferred. They can be systems based on organic solvents, or they are preferably waterborne basecoats whose binder systems are stabilized in a suitable manner, for example anionically, cationically or nonionically.
- the basecoat materials which can be used in the process according to the invention for the production of the third coating layer are customary paint systems which contain one or more customary base resins as film-forming binders. If the base resins are not self-crosslinking or self-drying, they can optionally also contain crosslinking agents. Both the base resin component and the crosslinker component are not subject to any limitation.
- polyester, polyurethane and / or (meth) acrylic copolymer resins can be used as film-forming (base resins).
- polyurethane resins are preferably present, particularly preferably at least in a proportion of 15% by weight, based on the solid resin content of the waterborne basecoat.
- crosslinking agents that may be present is not critical; it depends on the functionality of the base resins, i.e. the crosslinkers are selected so that they have a reactive functionality which is complementary to the functionality of the base resins.
- Examples of such complementary functionalities between base resin and crosslinker are: hydroxyl / methylol ether, hydroxyl / free isocyanate, hydroxyl / blocked isocyanate, carboxyl / epoxide. If compatible with one another, several such complementary functionalities can also be present side by side in a basecoat.
- the crosslinking agents optionally used in the basecoats can be present individually or in a mixture.
- the basecoats used in the process according to the invention contain, in addition to the usual physically drying and / or chemically crosslinking binders, inorganic and / or organic colored pigments and / or effect pigments, such as, for example, titanium dioxide, iron oxide pigments, carbon black, azo pigments, phthalocyanine pigments, quinacridone pigments, and metal pigments, for example from aluminum pigments or copper, »F
- Interference pigments e.g. Titanium dioxide coated aluminum, coated mica, graphite effect pigments, platelet-shaped iron oxide, platelet-shaped copper phthalocyanine pigments.
- the basecoats may also contain customary paint additives, e.g. Fillers, catalysts, leveling agents, anti-cratering agents or in particular light stabilizers, if appropriate in combination with antioxidants.
- customary paint additives e.g. Fillers, catalysts, leveling agents, anti-cratering agents or in particular light stabilizers, if appropriate in combination with antioxidants.
- the electrocoating lacquer used to produce the second coating layer has a color tone which is close to or identical to that of the basecoat used to produce the third coating layer.
- the color difference composed of the difference in brightness, hue and difference in color, between the shades of the second and third coating layers determined in each case with opaque coating and a measurement geometry of (45/0) -fold ⁇ E * (CIELAB) value does not exceed, the ⁇ E * (CIELAB) reference value being that which is found in the CIE-x, y diagram (chromaticity diagram) familiar to the person skilled in the art, based on DIN 6175, for the hue of third coating layer and the following relationship applies:
- clearcoat coating agents for the production of the fourth and optionally further coating layers or, in the case of the special and independent embodiment of the present invention, for the production of the third and optionally further coating layers.
- These can be single-component or multi-component clear lacquer coating compositions. They can be solvent-free (liquid or as a powder clearcoat), or it can be systems based on solvents or it is water-dilutable clearcoats, the binder systems of which are stabilized in a suitable manner, for example anionically, cationically or non-ionically.
- the water-dilutable clear lacquer systems can be water-soluble or water-dispersed systems, for example emulsion systems or powder slurry systems.
- the clear lacquer coating agents harden when stoved to form covalent bonds as a result of chemical crosslinking.
- the clearcoats which can be used in the process according to the invention are customary clearcoat coating compositions which contain one or more customary base resins as film-forming binders. If the base resins are not self-crosslinking, they may also contain crosslinking agents. Both the base resin component and the crosslinker component are not subject to any limitation. Polyester, polyurethane and / or (meth) acrylic copolymer resins, for example, can be used as film-forming binders (base resins). The selection of the crosslinking agents that may be present is not critical; it depends on the functionality of the base resins, i.e. the crosslinkers are selected so that they have a reactive functionality which is complementary to the functionality of the base resins.
- complementary functionalities between base resin and crosslinker are: carboxyl / epoxide, hydroxyl / methylol ether, hydroxyl / free isocyanate, hydroxyl / blocked isocyanate, (meth) acrylolyl / CH-acidic group. If compatible with one another, several such complementary functionalities can also be present side by side in a clear lacquer.
- the crosslinking agents optionally used in the clear lacquers can be present individually or in a mixture.
- the transparent coating can be applied in a single layer or in the form of several layers from the same or from several different transparent coating agents.
- the transparent coating layer is expediently applied as a fourth layer or, in the case of the special and independent embodiment of the present invention, as a third layer composed of only one clear lacquer coating agent.
- Clearcoat compositions which have the lowest possible drainage tendency are preferably used, for example solid-bodied clearcoats with a correspondingly set theological behavior. Powder clearcoats are particularly preferred.
- autophoretically coatable body shells with a metallic surface are preferred. These can be made from a single metal or can be constructed in a mixed construction from several metallic materials and / or from plastic parts provided with a corresponding metal layer.
- Suitable metallic surfaces of autophoresis lacquer systems in particular at an acidic pH of, for example, between 1 and 6, are metal metal surfaces which can be attacked by the release of metal ions and which are familiar to the person skilled in the art, for example made of iron, zinc, aluminum or corresponding alloys, but also, for example, galvanized steel surfaces.
- the metal surfaces can be pretreated, for example provided with phosphating and optionally passivation.
- body shells used in the present invention includes in particular motor vehicle body shells but also, for example, their components and motor vehicle chassis containing visible surfaces.
- the first coating layer of the autophoretically depositable coating agent is deposited autophoretically onto these substrates in a customary manner, preferably in the immersion process, preferably in a dry layer thickness of, for example, 5 to 25 ⁇ m, particularly preferably 10 to 20 ⁇ m.
- the autophoretically deposited coating layer can be aftertreated, for example rinsed, with water and / or optionally with special solutions before baking.
- the term “stoving”, depending on the type of the autophoresis lacquer system, can mean stoving with chemical crosslinking of the autophoresis coating layer or a purely physical drying at elevated temperature, for example with melting or sintering and formation of a closed autophoresis lacquer coating) .
- temperatures adapted between 80 and 190 ° C., for example preferably between 100 ° C. and 160 ° C. are obtained with a specific resistance of less than 10 8 ohms. cm, especially 10 3 to 10 8 ohms.
- the second coating layer of an electrophoretically depositable coating agent, preferably in a dry layer thickness of, for example, 5 to 45 microns, particularly preferably between 10 to 30 microns, and baked at elevated temperatures, for example between 130 and 180 ° C.
- the second coating layer generally has practically no electrical conductivity, ie it has a specific resistance of generally more than 10 9 ohms when baked. cm and it is, in particular in the case of the special and independent embodiment of the present invention, a coloring and / or effect-imparting coating layer, namely a basecoat layer.
- the autophoretically deposited, first coating layer serves in particular to protect against chemical and corrosive attack, so that it is preferred to coat the entire surface of the substrate.
- the coating obtained by electrodeposition coating and which is electrically insulating in the baked state can, but does not have to extend over the entire surface of the three-dimensional substrate, for example.
- the third coating layer for example from a color and / or effect base lacquer or, in the case of the particular and independent embodiment of the present invention, from a clear lacquer coating agent.
- a spray application of the third coating layer from the color and / or effect basecoat is carried out in a dry layer thickness of 10 to 25 ⁇ m, depending on the color, for example by compressed air spraying, airless spraying or ESTA high-speed rotary spraying.
- the application of the clearcoat preferably in the wet-on-wet process.
- the fourth coating layer is applied from a customary liquid lacquer or powder clear lacquer (in this case it is a dry-on-wet application) and baked together with the third coating layer at elevated temperatures, for example from 80 to 160 ° C. If necessary, further layers of clear lacquer from the same or different clear lacquer coating compositions can be applied.
- the invention works in such a way that the layer thickness of the transparent coating layer or the total layer thickness of the transparent coating layers is between 40 and 80 ⁇ m, preferably between 40 and 60 ⁇ m.
- the clear lacquer is applied to the second, baked, color and / or effect-giving ETL coating layer.
- the clear lacquer coating layer is applied from a customary liquid or powder clear lacquer and baked, for example, at temperatures from 80 to 160 ° C. If necessary, further layers of clear lacquer from the same or different clear lacquer coating compositions can be applied. According to the invention, work is preferably carried out in such a way that the layer thickness of the transparent coating layer or the total layer thickness of a plurality of transparent coating layers is between 40 and 80 ⁇ m, particularly preferably between 40 and 60 ⁇ m.
- a coating layer consisting of a pigmented powder topcoat in a layer thickness of 40 to 90 ⁇ m, preferably 50 to 80 ⁇ m, is used on the two-layer structure created from the autophoretically depositable and from the electrophoretically depositable coating agent is applied and baked, whereby the application can follow one or more layers of clear lacquer.
- the powder topcoat can be based on a powder clearcoat binder / crosslinking system known per se, as already described above in connection with the powder clearcoats, for example.
- the powder topcoat contains coloring and / or effect pigments, such as those described above for the basecoats.
- the method according to the invention allows the production of multi-layer coatings, in particular automotive coatings with an overall level of properties comparable to that of the prior art and an improved gloss and topcoat level. It has been shown that excellent properties are achieved by the procedure according to the invention, although this makes it possible to dispense with conventional spray filler layers.
- the total layer thicknesses of the multi-layer lacquer rods produced by the process according to the invention are very small. They are in particular 90 to 130 ⁇ m or in the case of the special and independent embodiment of the method according to the invention at 80 to 110 microns and fall below the range of conventional automotive paintwork with a comparably high clear coat thickness.
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Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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EP97938908A EP0951365B1 (en) | 1996-08-17 | 1997-08-14 | Process for applying a multilayered coat of lacquer |
DE59707118T DE59707118D1 (en) | 1996-08-17 | 1997-08-14 | MULTI-LAYER PAINTING METHOD |
AT97938908T ATE216638T1 (en) | 1996-08-17 | 1997-08-14 | MULTI-LAYER PAINT PROCESS |
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DE19633173.0 | 1996-08-17 | ||
DE19633173A DE19633173C1 (en) | 1996-08-17 | 1996-08-17 | Multilayered lacquering, e.g. of vehicles |
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WO1998007527A1 true WO1998007527A1 (en) | 1998-02-26 |
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PCT/EP1997/004462 WO1998007527A1 (en) | 1996-08-17 | 1997-08-14 | Process for applying a multilayered coat of lacquer |
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EP (1) | EP0951365B1 (en) |
AT (1) | ATE216638T1 (en) |
DE (2) | DE19633173C1 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2176773T3 (en) |
WO (1) | WO1998007527A1 (en) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO1998023390A1 (en) * | 1996-11-23 | 1998-06-04 | Herberts Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung | Method for multi-layer painting |
ITPD20100018A1 (en) * | 2010-01-28 | 2011-07-29 | Matteo Pisano | PLANT FOR METAL SURFACE TREATMENT AND ALLOYS IN TWO PHASES, BY MEANS OF A CHEMICAL-PHYSICAL-ELECTROLYTIC PROCESS, WITH WORKING CYCLE COMBINED WITH MORE SECTIONS OF CATAPHORESIS AND POWDER COATING. |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE19733312A1 (en) | 1997-08-01 | 1999-02-04 | Herberts Gmbh | Process for applying a protective and decorative layer composite |
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WO1986003791A1 (en) * | 1984-12-22 | 1986-07-03 | Basf Lacke + Farben Ag | Method for multilayer cathodic wet-in-wet lacquering of metal conductive substrate |
DE3839905A1 (en) * | 1987-11-26 | 1989-06-08 | Kansai Paint Co Ltd | COATING PROCESS |
EP0548845A1 (en) * | 1991-12-19 | 1993-06-30 | Kansai Paint Co., Ltd. | Process for making multilayer coatings |
EP0568967A2 (en) * | 1992-05-07 | 1993-11-10 | Herberts Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung | Method for preparing multilayer coatings |
DE19512017C1 (en) * | 1995-03-31 | 1996-07-18 | Herberts Gmbh | Multi-layer lacquering for use in car industry |
DE19519665C1 (en) * | 1995-05-30 | 1996-09-05 | Herberts Gmbh | Multi-coat lacquering process for vehicle or component |
WO1996038234A1 (en) * | 1995-05-30 | 1996-12-05 | Herberts Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung | Multi-coat painting process |
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GB1309356A (en) * | 1971-06-29 | 1973-03-07 | Nippon Paint Co Ltd | Method for applying a primer paint coating |
-
1996
- 1996-08-17 DE DE19633173A patent/DE19633173C1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1997
- 1997-08-14 EP EP97938908A patent/EP0951365B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-08-14 WO PCT/EP1997/004462 patent/WO1998007527A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1997-08-14 AT AT97938908T patent/ATE216638T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1997-08-14 DE DE59707118T patent/DE59707118D1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1997-08-14 ES ES97938908T patent/ES2176773T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO1986003791A1 (en) * | 1984-12-22 | 1986-07-03 | Basf Lacke + Farben Ag | Method for multilayer cathodic wet-in-wet lacquering of metal conductive substrate |
DE3839905A1 (en) * | 1987-11-26 | 1989-06-08 | Kansai Paint Co Ltd | COATING PROCESS |
EP0548845A1 (en) * | 1991-12-19 | 1993-06-30 | Kansai Paint Co., Ltd. | Process for making multilayer coatings |
EP0568967A2 (en) * | 1992-05-07 | 1993-11-10 | Herberts Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung | Method for preparing multilayer coatings |
DE4215070A1 (en) * | 1992-05-07 | 1993-11-11 | Herberts Gmbh | Process for the production of multi-layer coatings |
DE19512017C1 (en) * | 1995-03-31 | 1996-07-18 | Herberts Gmbh | Multi-layer lacquering for use in car industry |
DE19519665C1 (en) * | 1995-05-30 | 1996-09-05 | Herberts Gmbh | Multi-coat lacquering process for vehicle or component |
WO1996038234A1 (en) * | 1995-05-30 | 1996-12-05 | Herberts Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung | Multi-coat painting process |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO1998023390A1 (en) * | 1996-11-23 | 1998-06-04 | Herberts Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung | Method for multi-layer painting |
ITPD20100018A1 (en) * | 2010-01-28 | 2011-07-29 | Matteo Pisano | PLANT FOR METAL SURFACE TREATMENT AND ALLOYS IN TWO PHASES, BY MEANS OF A CHEMICAL-PHYSICAL-ELECTROLYTIC PROCESS, WITH WORKING CYCLE COMBINED WITH MORE SECTIONS OF CATAPHORESIS AND POWDER COATING. |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE59707118D1 (en) | 2002-05-29 |
ES2176773T3 (en) | 2002-12-01 |
EP0951365A1 (en) | 1999-10-27 |
DE19633173C1 (en) | 1997-10-02 |
EP0951365B1 (en) | 2002-04-24 |
ATE216638T1 (en) | 2002-05-15 |
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