WO1998005905A1

WO1998005905A1 - Capillary tube heating or cooling slab with a thin covering layer made of cement

Info

Publication number: WO1998005905A1
Application number: PCT/DE1997/001639
Authority: WO
Inventors: Martin Sandler
Original assignee: Sandler Energietechnik Gmbh & Co. Kg
Priority date: 1996-08-05
Filing date: 1997-08-04
Publication date: 1998-02-12
Also published as: EP0916061A1; DE19780808D2

Abstract

A capillary tube construction slab has a rigid, light, in particular foamed solid slab (10). The construction slab contains many parallel capillary grooves (11a, 11b; 11) into which are inserted parallel capillaries (21a, 21b; 21) and is covered by a thin layer (30) of a concrete mixture with coherent reinforcement fibres laid therein or with a mat of reinforcement fibres (30). The invention enables the large-scale but simple manufacture, without manual interventions, of solid construction slabs, capable of being transported and suitable as heating or cooling slabs.

Description

Capillary tube heating or cooling plate with a thin cement top layer

The technical field of the invention is a capillary tube building board with a rigid, light, in particular foamed hard disk. Also affected is an industrially usable process for the production of these building boards, which are used for cooling and heating purposes as air-conditioning building boards in apartment and house building.

The task of the invention is to industrially manufacture the above-mentioned heating or cooling plates (capillary tube air-conditioning building boards) in large quantities, taking into account a production that is oriented towards large quantities and therefore simple. The production should enable firm and suitable climate plates for transport to the construction site without major manual intervention. It should also be inexpensive.

This is achieved with claim 1, 11 or 13.

Many parallel capillary tube grooves are provided in the hard disk, which accommodate parallel capillaries (claim 1). The hard disk is covered with an extremely thin layer of a concrete mixture with inserted, coherent reinforcing fibers or a reinforcing fiber mat - on one or both sides. The thickness of the

Cover layer (s) with the embedded reinforcement, in particular glass fibers or as a glass fiber mat, is more than a zener power less than the hard disk (claim 2), nevertheless it gives it additional stability, sticks surprisingly well to it and keeps the capillaries and main tubes firmly in place their grooves.

The reinforcing fibers can be glass, carbon or natural fibers. A foamed plate is preferred as a solid plate for receiving the grooves and capillary (claim 4), but cork plates can also be suitable as an insulation and support plate (hard disk). The manufacturing process works with indented, molded or incised grooves, which have a certain height / width ratio to the capillaries (claim 11). Main grooves run transversely to the capillary tubes and one of the main tubes inserted therein is divided into two in terms of flow, the first part being the inflow and the second part being the outflow (claim 12). Essentially the same number of capillaries emanate from both main tubes - a deviation of 1 or 2 capillaries from the case of symmetry is possible.

The division can be achieved by a plug or a welded sealing plate, the axis of the entire main pipe remains unchanged.

A pipe guide of a capillary tube insert for the climatic building board (capillary tube building board) of claim 1 has two opposite end pipes, one of which is designed to be continuous and the other has a partition in the middle (claim 13). The partition blocks the direct flow from the main inflow pipe to the main outflow pipe on the same side and directs the flow through two laterally spaced groups of parallel capillaries, of which the first group defines a first flow direction, towards the continuous second main flow pipe compared to the first two flow tubes mentioned, and a second group of which

Backflow, opposite to the first group, allows. The two axially aligned first end pipes carry both the connection for the inflow and the connection for the outflow of the cooling or heat transport medium (mostly water) with respect to the entire building board or the entire pipe guide, which can be designed as a module.

The special cement-based mortar (the concrete mixture), which is applied on one or two sides to the solid base plate and in which the reinforcing fibers run, can be made from cement with a small amount of plastic aggregate. Sand or powder are part of the cement, which after application to the solid base plate cures and gives the plate a surprisingly good stability on one or both sides, covering the grooves and the capillary inserted therein and allowing the building board to be produced so that it is transport-proof and protected, with little additional weight and with little additional production outlay.

The reinforcing fibers, which can be designed specifically as glass fibers, may be thicker in thickness than the applied, in particular spread concrete mixture, so that the surface of the building board is not flat, but the

Structure of the reinforcing fiber can be seen, for example as a network form. The thin layer of the concrete mixture can have a thickness of 0.3 mm to 3 mm, depending on the desired strength or stability of the building board.

If a mesh structure is used as the reinforcing fiber, the mesh size can be chosen smaller than the distance between the capillary grooves in the fixed carrier plate (claim 3). The reinforcement mat is easy to apply, stabilizes and securely covers the capillary in the grooves, and the thin, applied concrete mixture cover layer connects the reinforcement mat to the solid carrier plate even in areas where there are no capillary grooves, i.e. in the Intermediate areas between the capillary tube grooves.

The design at the edge of the grooves for the capillary with the inflow and outflow pipes is fully integrated in the fixed plate, these main pipes also lie in corresponding main grooves (claim 5), which are covered by the cover layer and the reinforcing fiber. The result is a completely integrated and compact building board, which only has two connections (claim 8), which connection sleeves are directed towards the end face of the hard disk (the fixed carrier plate). From there, the building board is connected in terms of flow. The production of the flow-separated first end pipe (claim 13, claim 6) is simple and can be easily integrated into the building board in terms of manufacturing technology, with little space requirement and largely symmetrical design of the grooves in the fixed carrier plate.

For the provisional fastening of the capillary in the grooves of the carrier plate, certain height / width dimensions which cause a clamp fit can be used (claim 7, claim 9). In this way, a temporary, somewhat stable hold of the capillary in the fixed carrier plate is possible even before the covering layer with the reinforcing fiber is applied.

The invention (s) are explained and supplemented below using several exemplary embodiments.

Figure 1 is a top view and a side view in section I-I of the grooved hard disk 10 made of polystyrene.

Figure 2 is a top and side view of the

Capillary tube insert with main tubes 12a, 12b and capillaries 11 extending between them. The insert is intended for the grooved hard disk 10

Polystyrene of Figure 1.

FIG. 3 is a top view and a side view in section II-II of the grooved hard disk 10 made of polystyrene with an inserted capillary tube insert (FIGS. 1 and 2).

A cover layer 30 is coated on the surface and embeds an optical fiber network 30a. FIG. 3a is an enlarged detail of the thin cover layer 30 from FIG. 3. Only the longitudinal strands can be seen from the net structure 30a, the mesh width m of which is significantly smaller than the groove spacing N.

Figure 4 is a routing diagram for the building boards 10 of

Figure 3, close to close and easy to connect and install.

The structure of the capillary tube plate can be seen most clearly in FIG. 3 and FIG. 3a. There both the top view and the side view are shown in section and in Figure 3a a detailed view of the section. The top view shows a plurality of parallel capillaries 21i in grooves III, which run from a main tube 22al, 22a2 to a second main tube 22b. The main tubes are stronger and have a larger flow cross section than the capillary tubes 21i, which have a substantially equal distance N from one another. In the

Sectional view are the main pipes on _. left and right edge shown, while the capillaries are only visible to the extent that a single capillary 11a from the left to the right edge of Figure 3 (upper drawing). This capillary 11a is covered by a cover layer 30, which has a reinforcing fiber 30a with a web or lattice structure (network structure). This network structure is not clear in the side view, but can easily be interpolated from FIG. 3a, which only shows one fiber direction 30a with a distance as a mesh size. The perpendicular fiber lines run perpendicular to the capillaries 21i. Each of these capillaries 21i lies in an associated groove 11 which has the same direction of extension.

FIG. 3a illustrates the cover layer 30 made of a concrete mixture consisting of a cement with sand or powder aggregates, as well as a small proportion of plastic particles. The concrete mixture layer 30 embeds the reinforcing fibers 30a with their mesh size m and at the same time covers the surface of the solid plate 10. In the fixed plate 10, the grooves lli (i = a ... n) are provided, in which the capillary 21i (i = l ... n) run. The distance between the capillary and the grooves is N and is significantly larger than the mesh size m of the reinforcing fiber 30a. So far no network structure of the

Reinforcing fibers is selected, it is advisable to lay the substantially parallel reinforcing fibers transversely to the direction of extension of the grooves III, ie in FIG. 3 parallel to the main flow tubes 22al, 22a2 and 22b.

The building board shown in Figure 3 is shown again in Figure 1 in supervision. There are no capillaries 21i inserted, this is only the fixed carrier plate 10 (short: “hard disk”), which is provided with grooves 11a, 11b, 11c (short: III), which run in the longitudinal direction at substantially equal intervals . In the transverse direction, wider main grooves 12a, 12b run in the edge, in which the capillary tube grooves lli open. On one of the main grooves 12a, groove extensions 13a, 13 are shown at the end for inserting outflow openings, which run into the hard disk 10 on the end side and enable the insertion of connecting sleeves. The grooved hard disk is the carrier plate 10 according to FIG. 1. A pipe guide is inserted into it Corresponds to the shape of the groove guide according to FIG. 1. This piping includes the large number of parallel capillaries, the main pipes attached to their respective ends and the inflow and outflow connection 23a, 23b, which is shown in FIG. 2, on one of these main pipes. The entire pipe routing which is described in this way can be seen in FIG. It forms the complementary piece to the grooved hard disk 10 and only needs to be inserted there to give a solid building board, which has both a carrier plate 10 with one-sided strong insulation (mainly temperature-blocking effect), as well as a transport stability that for almost all transportation options are sufficient.

In Figure 2 it can be seen that the connecting sleeves 23a, 23b are slightly inclined with respect to the horizontal, so that a simplified connection is possible after laying the building board on a horizontal or vertical surface.

FIG. 2 shows a partition 40 which separates one of the main flow tubes 22a into two tubes 22al, 22a2 which are separated in terms of flow but are axially aligned. The first section 22al is the inflow pipe. It is connected at the end to the sleeve 23a and ends at the partition 40, which can be a welded plate. Approximately the same number of capillaries 21a, 21b, 21c are connected to this pipe section 22al as to the second pipe section 22a2, which lies on the other side of the flow separation 40 and which has the second connecting sleeve 23b at its end. This flow section 22a2 is the outflow pipe. The two groups of capillaries thus created have an inflow function on the first half of the pipe guide or, after the pipe guide has been introduced into the building plate according to FIG. 1, on the first half of the capillary pipe building plate. In the second half the current runs in the opposite direction. The manifold 22b opposite the just described pipe sections 22al, 22a2, which are aligned and lie in one axis, is shown on the left in the figure. It is continuous and all capillaries 21i are connected to it. There are end caps at its ends 14b, 15b are provided which block the flow. The resulting structure as a "pipe guide" is easy to install, easy to handle and inexpensive to manufacture. The flow separation 40 can be created by a stopper or by a welded-in partition after a continuous pipe has been mechanically cut open in whole or in part.

To stabilize the introduction of the pipe guide according to FIG. 2, additional mortar inserts can be provided in the end areas of the first main pipe 12a, in particular in the areas of the groove extensions 13a, 13b, in order to hold and stabilize the connecting sleeves 23a, 23b. The areas in which the connection sleeves lie in the hard disk 10 are called "groove extensions" because they functionally belong to the main groove 12a. The groove widening 13a, 13b can either be introduced from above or can be designed on the end face by a bore.

From the figure 3 it is clear in the sectional view that the grooves III provided for the capillaries are only introduced in the area of the surface of the fixed plate 10, that is to say their depth is only small compared to the thickness of the hard disk 10. The main grooves 12b, 12a are also not so deep that they extend completely to the bottom of the hard disk 10, rather they only extend a little over half of the hard disk 10 in the examples shown. This ensures that the hard disk 10 is the base and carrier plate, which is additionally on both sides can be reinforced with the layer of concrete mixture and thereby also has notched impact strength and against

Damage to pointed objects is protected. In addition to the high strength, there is the much higher thermal insulation on one side, which allows the air conditioning building board to only give off its heat or cold to one side and the other side is almost completely insulated, both with regard to the heat conduction from the capillaries from, as well as with regard to the penetration of heat or cold from the outside. The concrete layer does not form a strong heat barrier due to its low thickness and the thermal conductivity of concrete.

The manufacturing process, for example for manufacturing the plate of Figure 3, consists of the steps of manufacturing the

Carrier or the grooved hard disk 10 according to Figure 1, wherein the grooves can either be pressed in, milled or introduced directly during the molding process of a hard disk 10. The module consisting of tubes according to FIG. 2 is then inserted or pressed into the grooved hard disk 10 if the capillary grooves have a somewhat smaller width than the diameter of the capillary 21i. Thereafter, in the example, a mesh-shaped glass fiber mat 30a is first placed, which is covered with a thin concrete mixture layer, in order to firmly and permanently attach the glass fiber mat serving as reinforcement to the surface of the solid plate 10 and the upwardly open grooves.

This manufacturing process can be automated to a high degree, requires hardly any manual handling and achieves a transport strength of the capillary mats with a secured light weight.

The laying of the mats is illustrated in Figure 4; FIG. 4 shows four capillary tube mats according to FIG. 3 arranged next to one another and their connection in terms of flow technology to the respective connecting sleeves 23a, 23b. The main lines are shown on the right in a vertical direction; All plates are connected in parallel, in that the main inflow pipes 22al, 22al ', 22al "are connected to the main line 1 via flexible lines on the connecting sleeves. The series of the four hard disks 10, 10', 10" shown can be seen. 10 "', which can be placed next to each other without a space and can be easily connected in terms of flow from one side via the lines 1, 2 shown on the right edge of the figure. In addition to the easy and inexpensive production, to the easy and safe transport option, there is also the easy and clearly simple connection option at the installation site, both in terms of flow technology according to the flow diagram shown with the flow directions S of the heat transport medium, and one simply by gluing, "Shoot" or screw-attachable hard drive, unless working through the area occupied by the capillaries. The surface areas remain free of penetrating fastenings ("shooting" or screws).

Claims

Expectations :

1. Capillary tube construction plate with a rigid, light, in particular foamed hard disk (10), in which in many parallel grooves (11a, llb ... lli; i = a ... n; 11) parallel capillaries (21a, 21b , 21i; i = a ... n; 21) are inserted and covered with a thin layer (30) of a concrete mixture with coherent reinforcing fibers or a reinforcing fiber mat (30a) inserted therein.

2. Capillary tube construction panel according to claim 1, wherein the thin cover layer (30) has a thickness which is substantially less than the thickness of the hard disk (10), in particular less than 1/10 to less than 1/50 of the thickness the hard drive (10).

3. Building board according to one of the preceding claims, in which glass fibers or a glass fiber mat (30a) are provided as reinforcement, which has a fabric structure, in particular is constructed in a network with a mesh size (m) which is significantly larger than the width of the capillary tube -Nuts (11) but less than their .Distance (N).

4. Building board according to one of the preceding claims, in which the concrete mixture of the covering layer (30) is a mixture of a special mortar based on cement and the hard disk (10) is a hard foam plate, in particular a polystyrene plate.

5. Building board according to one of the preceding claims; in which two main grooves (12a, 12b) are provided on the edge and run perpendicular to the grooves (11), in which main grooves (12a, 12b) there are inlet and outlet pipes (22a, 22b) to which all capillary pipes (21) are connected in terms of flow.

6. Building board according to claim 5, in which the pipe inserted into one of the main grooves (12a, 12b) is separated in terms of flow in length (40) in order to be an inflow pipe (22al) on one side and an outflow pipe (22a2) on the other side, and the other main pipe (22b) is designed to be continuous in terms of flow.

7. Building board according to one of the preceding claims, in which the capillary tube grooves (11) are designed somewhat smaller in width than the diameter of the capillary tubes (21) in order to obtain a contact-fitting interference fit of the inserted capillary tubes (11) before the Cover layer (30,30a) is applied.

8. Building board according to one of the preceding claims, in which

Connection sleeves (23a, 23b) to the main pipes or to the main pipes in a groove extension (13a, 13b) are within the dimensions of the hard disk (10) and are perpendicular to the direction of the main grooves (12a, 12b), the groove extension being in particular as Hole is formed in the front of the hard drive.

9. Building board according to one of the preceding claims, in which the depth of the capillary tube grooves (11) corresponds approximately to the diameter of the capillary tubes (21).

10. Building board according to one of the preceding claims, in which the thin cover layer (30) is applied to both sides of the hard disk (10), in particular is spread.

11. A method for producing the air conditioning plate according to one of the preceding claims, in which the capillary tube grooves (11) are pressed into the hard disk (10), milled or are molded in during the foaming of the hard disk (10), the grooves (11) have a width dimension that is slightly less than the width of the capillary tubes (21) to be inserted, and a depth dimension that corresponds approximately to the diameter of the capillary tubes (21).

12. The method according to claim 11, wherein the covering layer (30, 30a) made of a special cement-based mortar (concrete mixture) after, before or when a net-shaped fiber reinforcement mat (30a) is applied thinly to one or both surfaces (n) the hard disk (10) is applied, in particular painted on, which has the grooves (11) (milled, molded or pressed in) and the capillary tubes (21) inserted therein and main inflow and outflow tubes (22al, 22a2; 22b) connecting them which in turn have been inserted into wider main grooves (12a, 12b) which are perpendicular to the capillary tube grooves (11).

13. Pipe guidance of a capillary tube insert for a

Capillary tube construction plate according to one of. Claims 1 to 10 or the method according to claim 11 or 12, wherein (a) two axially aligned first end tubes (12al, 12a2) are provided, which are divided in terms of flow in the middle by a partition or a distance (40) are; (b) an opposing second end pipe (12b) is continuously configured without a partition; (c) many parallel capillaries (11) run between the end pipes (12al, 12a2; 12b), with an essentially equal number of capillaries starting from each first end pipe (12al, 12a2).

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