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WO1998001209A1 - Fibrous filter with pressurised air cleaning system for cleaning of dust-laden gases - Google Patents

Fibrous filter with pressurised air cleaning system for cleaning of dust-laden gases Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1998001209A1
WO1998001209A1 PCT/DE1997/001447 DE9701447W WO9801209A1 WO 1998001209 A1 WO1998001209 A1 WO 1998001209A1 DE 9701447 W DE9701447 W DE 9701447W WO 9801209 A1 WO9801209 A1 WO 9801209A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
cleaning
filter
openings
shut
clean gas
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/DE1997/001447
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Rainer Minwegen
Original Assignee
Rainer Minwegen
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Rainer Minwegen filed Critical Rainer Minwegen
Publication of WO1998001209A1 publication Critical patent/WO1998001209A1/en

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
    • B01D46/02—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, having hollow filters made of flexible material
    • B01D46/04—Cleaning filters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
    • B01D46/42—Auxiliary equipment or operation thereof
    • B01D46/4272—Special valve constructions adapted to filters or filter elements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
    • B01D46/66—Regeneration of the filtering material or filter elements inside the filter
    • B01D46/70—Regeneration of the filtering material or filter elements inside the filter by acting counter-currently on the filtering surface, e.g. by flushing on the non-cake side of the filter
    • B01D46/71—Regeneration of the filtering material or filter elements inside the filter by acting counter-currently on the filtering surface, e.g. by flushing on the non-cake side of the filter with pressurised gas, e.g. pulsed air
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
    • B01D46/90—Devices for taking out of action one or more units of multi-unit filters, e.g. for regeneration or maintenance
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
    • Y02A50/20—Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters
    • Y02A50/2351—Atmospheric particulate matter [PM], e.g. carbon smoke microparticles, smog, aerosol particles, dust

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a fabric filter with compressed air cleaning for cleaning dust-containing gases consisting of at least one chamber, which is divided into a raw gas space and a clean gas space by a perforated floor, the perforated floor accommodating filter elements in rows, which protrude on all sides into the raw gas space and one in each have the opening leading the clean gas space, with stationary compressed air nozzles being arranged above these openings for cleaning the filter elements.
  • the filter elements of fabric filters such as filter bags and filter bags, must be cleaned at intervals since they are clogged with a layer of dust after a certain period of operation.
  • a widespread cleaning system is that, reversing the direction of filtration, compressed air, usually pulsed, is blown primarily into the openings of the filter elements from the clean gas space and thereby entrains secondary air from the clean gas space.
  • the filter elements are thereby inflated to the outside, whereby the adhering filter cake is detached from the outer surfaces of the filter elements and falls into a dust collector arranged below the filter elements.
  • Each of these chambers can be separated from the clean gas duct in the clean gas space by means of a shut-off element, usually a poppet valve, as a result of which the filter elements belonging to one chamber are removed from the filtration process.
  • a shut-off element usually a poppet valve
  • the individual chambers are made relatively large, ie a relatively large number of filter elements are combined to form a cleaning unit.
  • a disadvantage of the systems with chamber shutdown is that the net filter area is reduced significantly during the shutdown time.
  • uneven operation of the filter system due to changing pressure and volume ratios must be accepted.
  • this uneven operation has a particularly disruptive effect on the sorption behavior of the dusts.
  • Another disadvantage is that when a chamber is switched off and cleaned, large amounts of dust are produced at once, which leads to blockages in the discharge of dust from the dust collector. This disadvantage also occurs somewhat less in systems in which the filter elements are cleaned in rows or groups after the chamber has been switched off, since after switching off the chambers, a large part of the filter cake is already detached from the filter elements due to the lack of negative pressure.
  • the object of the present invention is therefore to provide a to provide a structural design of the type mentioned at the outset, with which small units of the filter can be easily separated from the total gas flow for cleaning purposes.
  • the gas is sucked through the filter through a fan arranged behind the filter, viewed from the gas flow, so that there is a certain negative pressure in the filter housing.
  • the chamber is preferably separated both in the clean gas and in the raw gas space. In the proposed arrangement, however, separation is only carried out in the clean gas area. men. It is therefore to be expected that the cleaning effect will be further improved by the plant negative pressure which continues to exist in the raw gas area. Conversely, with the same cleaning effect, the requirements for the compressed air supply in terms of pressure and quantity can be reduced.
  • movability of the shut-off element means both a translatory and a rotational movement.
  • a rotary movement of the shut-off element according to subclaims 2 and 3 is particularly advantageous, since it enables a large number of cleaning channels to be shut off in a structurally simple manner.
  • the maximum shut-off cleaning channels are given if their openings are arranged on a circumference around the shut-off element (claim 2).
  • Shut-off elements with rotary movement are also particularly suitable for retrofitting filter chambers with a poppet valve as a shut-off device.
  • the circular passage cross section of the poppet valves can advantageously be used as the installation location of the shut-off element according to the invention.
  • FIG. 1 is a unicameral hose filter in side view and sectional view according to section I-I of FIG. 2,
  • Fig. 2 shows a section II-II of FIG. 1
  • FIG. 3 shows a three-chamber bag filter in a sectional view corresponding to FIG. 2.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 shows a single-chamber hose filter with eight rows of filter bags 4 in a housing 7.
  • a perforated base 1 serves to hold the filter bags 4 with their support baskets 5.
  • the filter bags 4 project closed into a raw gas space on all sides 3 of the filter. Their outlet openings 18 open into a clean gas space 2 of the filter.
  • the clean gas space 2 is subdivided into cleaning channels 12 by hose partition walls 11, a number of filter bags 4 being assigned to each cleaning channel 12.
  • the openings 19 of the cleaning channels 12 open into a common clean gas space 23 and are arranged such that they lie on a circular arc section 21, which is shown in broken lines in FIG. 2.
  • the pivot axis 20 of a shut-off element 13 is arranged, which is rotatably mounted in bearings 14 and 15.
  • the shut-off element 13 is driven by an electric motor 16 which is fastened to the outside of the filter housing 7 via a holder 17.
  • the shut-off element 13 has a shut-off surface 22, the curvature of which corresponds to that of the circular arc section 21.
  • the width of the shutoff surface 22 is selected so that an opening 19 of the cleaning channels 12 can be shut off.
  • the dust-containing gas flows through a raw gas inlet 6 into the filter housing 7 and is cleaned as it passes through the filter bags 4.
  • the cleaned gas then flows through the outlet openings 18 of the filter bags 4 into the clean gas space 2 divided by the cleaning channels 12 and from there into the common clean gas space 23 and leaves the filter via a clean gas outlet 8 for further use.
  • the compressed air cleaning consists of a compressed air tank 9 and nozzle assemblies 10, which extend in rows over the filter bags 4 and are each provided with nozzles via their outlet openings 18.
  • the shut-off element 13 is moved step by step in front of the openings 19 of the individual cleaning channels 12, as a result of which the normal gas flow is interrupted by the filter bags 4 which are shut off in each case. Simultaneously with the blocking of a cleaning channel 12, the associated nozzle assembly 10 is activated, i.e. the filter bags 4 are cleaned by compressed air. If it is not necessary to clean the filter, the shut-off element 13 can be moved into a neutral position, which is shown in broken lines in FIG. 2.
  • Fig. 3 shows a further embodiment. This relates to a three-chamber bag filter, which is practically a parallel connection of the Einkam er filter of the first embodiment described above.
  • Fig. 3 therefore, only one chamber is provided with reference numerals. The same reference numerals apply identically to the other chambers. 3 it is quite obvious that the otherwise conventional chamber shut-off valves or flaps have been eliminated due to the solution according to the invention.
  • These shut-off devices are expensive due to the high air volume of large filter systems, complex and due to the switching frequency repair and maintenance. According to the invention, they have been replaced by the shut-off elements 13 which can be moved stepwise in front of the openings 19 of the cleaning channels 12.
  • shut-off elements 13 have to close far smaller air volumes than the conventional chamber shut-off devices.
  • the wear that occurs when opening and closing against the negative pressure is much less.
  • the area to be cleaned is reduced.
  • a maximum of three bag filter rows are cleaned at the same time, while in the case of a chamber shutdown, eight bag filter rows would have to be taken out of operation at the same time, ie the invention provides a substantially larger net filter area during cleaning.
  • the area to be cleaned can be reduced from approx. 1/4 to 1/5 to approx. 1/20 to 1/50, and this with very simple means that also realize off 1 ine cleaning in online operation .
  • the individual chambers of the filter shown in FIG. 3 are cleaned in the same way as described for the first exemplary embodiment.
  • the cleaned gases leave the chambers via their clean gas outlets 8 and reach a clean gas collecting duct 24, in which they flow to the fan, which is indicated by the arrow 25.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Filtering Of Dispersed Particles In Gases (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to a fibrous filter with pressurised air cleaning for cleaning of dust-laden gases, said filter comprising at least one chamber which is divided by a perforated base (1) into a crude gas chamber (3) and a clean gas chamber (2). The perforated base (1) holds, in rows, filter elements (4), closed in on all sides, which protrude into the crude gas chamber (3) and each have one opening (18) leading into the clean gas chamber (2). Stationary pressurised air nozzles for cleaning the filter elements (4) are arranged above said openings (18) of the filter elements (4). The object of the invention is to provide an embodiment of said filter which can be used to separate easily small units of the filter from the entire gas stream for cleaning purposes. Said object is attained in that the clean gas chamber (2) is divided in the region of the discharge openings (18) of the filter element (4) by hose row partitions (11) into cleaning channels (12) with openings (19) which open into a common clean gas chamber (23) and can be successively closed by a displaceable blocking member (13).

Description

Gewebefilter mit Druckluftabreinigung zur Reinigung von staubhaltigen Gasen Fabric filter with compressed air cleaning for cleaning dust-containing gases
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft einen Gewebefilter mit Druckluftabreinigung zur Reinigung von staubhaltigen Gasen bestehend aus mindestens einer Kammer, die durch einen Lochboden in einen Rohgasraum und einen Reingasraum unterteilt ist, wobei der Lochboden Filterelemente reihenweise aufnimmt, die allseitig geschlossen in den Rohgasraum ragen und jeweils eine in den Reingasraum führende Öffnung aufweisen, wobei über diesen Öffnungen stationäre Druckluftdüsen zum Abreinigen der Filterelemente angeordnet sind.The present invention relates to a fabric filter with compressed air cleaning for cleaning dust-containing gases consisting of at least one chamber, which is divided into a raw gas space and a clean gas space by a perforated floor, the perforated floor accommodating filter elements in rows, which protrude on all sides into the raw gas space and one in each have the opening leading the clean gas space, with stationary compressed air nozzles being arranged above these openings for cleaning the filter elements.
Die Filterelemente von Gewebefiltern, wie Filterschläuche und Filtertaschen, müssen in Abständen gereinigt werden, da sie nach einer gewissen Betriebsdauer mit einer Staubschicht zugesetzt sind. Ein weit verbreitetes Reinigungssystem besteht darin, daß in Umkehrung der Filtrationsrichtung Druckluft, meist gepulst, primär vom Reingasraum her in die Öffnungen der Filterelemente eingeblasen wird und dabei Sekundärluft aus dem Reingasraum mitzieht. Die Filterelemente werden dadurch nach außen aufgebläht, wodurch der anhaftende Filterkuchen von den Außenflächen der Filterelemente abgelöst wird und in eine unterhalb der Filterelemente angeordnete Staubsam elwanne fällt.The filter elements of fabric filters, such as filter bags and filter bags, must be cleaned at intervals since they are clogged with a layer of dust after a certain period of operation. A widespread cleaning system is that, reversing the direction of filtration, compressed air, usually pulsed, is blown primarily into the openings of the filter elements from the clean gas space and thereby entrains secondary air from the clean gas space. The filter elements are thereby inflated to the outside, whereby the adhering filter cake is detached from the outer surfaces of the filter elements and falls into a dust collector arranged below the filter elements.
Bei der Druckluftabreinigung ist zwischen Anordnungen mit bewegten und stationären Druckluftdüsen zu unterscheiden. Beispiele für erstere finden sich in DE-AS 19 15 155, DE-PS 19 52 892, DE-AS 17 57 656 sowie in DE-PS 30 06 823. Bei den beweglichen Druckluftsystemen werden Reihen oder Gruppen von Filterelementen nacheinander abgereinigt. Diese Systeme sind technisch recht aufwendig . Ein Gewebefilter mit stationären Druckluftdüsen zur Abreini- gung der Filterelemente ist beispielsweise in der DE-AS 28 22 950 offenbart. Diese Abreinigungssyste e arbeiten nach dem Stand der Technik mit in Kammern unterteilten Filtern. Jede dieser Kammern ist im Reingasraum mittels eines Absperrelements, meist ein Tellerventil, vom Reingaskanal abtrennbar, wodurch die zu einer Kammer gehörenden Filterelemente aus dem Filtrationsprozeß herausgenommen werden. Um den konstruktiven Aufwand und den Steuerungsaufwand möglichst gering zu halten, werden die einzelnen Kammern relativ groß ausgeführt, d.h. es werden relativ viele Filterelemente zu einer Abreinigungseinheit zusammengefaßt.When cleaning compressed air, a distinction must be made between arrangements with moving and stationary compressed air nozzles. Examples of the former can be found in DE-AS 19 15 155, DE-PS 19 52 892, DE-AS 17 57 656 and DE-PS 30 06 823. In the case of the movable compressed air systems, rows or groups of filter elements are cleaned one after the other. These systems are technically very complex. A fabric filter with stationary compressed air nozzles for cleaning the filter elements is disclosed, for example, in DE-AS 28 22 950. These cleaning systems work according to the prior art with filters divided into chambers. Each of these chambers can be separated from the clean gas duct in the clean gas space by means of a shut-off element, usually a poppet valve, as a result of which the filter elements belonging to one chamber are removed from the filtration process. In order to keep the design effort and the control effort as low as possible, the individual chambers are made relatively large, ie a relatively large number of filter elements are combined to form a cleaning unit.
In der oben erwähnten DE-AS 28 22 950 ist je Kammer eine in den Reingasraum oberhalb der Filterelemente führende Druckluftdüse vorgesehen. Häufiger sind Systeme anzutreffen, bei denen über jeder Öffnung der Filterelemente eine stationäre Druckluftdüse angeordnet ist.In the above-mentioned DE-AS 28 22 950, a compressed air nozzle leading into the clean gas space above the filter elements is provided for each chamber. Systems are found more frequently in which a stationary compressed air nozzle is arranged above each opening of the filter elements.
Nachteilig an den Systemen mit Kammerabschaltung ist, daß die Netto-Filterf1 äche während der Abschaltzeit sτark reduziert ist. Zudem muß dabei ein ungleichmäßiger Betrieb der Filteranlage durch wechselnde Druck- und Mengenverhältnisse in Kauf genommen werden. Bei Sorptionsfiltern wirkt sich dieser ungleichmäßige Betrieb besonders störend auf das Sorptionsverhalten der Stäube aus. Ein weiterer Nachteil besteht darin, daß bei Abschaltung und Abreinigung einer Kammer große Staubmengen auf einmal anfallen, was zu Verstopfungen beim Staubaustrag aus den Staubsammel annen führt. Dieser Nachteil tritt etwas vermindert auch bei Systemen auf, bei denen nach Kammerabschaltung die Filterelemente reihen- oder gruppenweise abgereinigt werden, da sich nach Abschaltung der Kammern aufgrund des fehlenden Unτerdrucks schon ein großer Teil des Filterkuchens von den Filterelementen löst.A disadvantage of the systems with chamber shutdown is that the net filter area is reduced significantly during the shutdown time. In addition, uneven operation of the filter system due to changing pressure and volume ratios must be accepted. In the case of sorption filters, this uneven operation has a particularly disruptive effect on the sorption behavior of the dusts. Another disadvantage is that when a chamber is switched off and cleaned, large amounts of dust are produced at once, which leads to blockages in the discharge of dust from the dust collector. This disadvantage also occurs somewhat less in systems in which the filter elements are cleaned in rows or groups after the chamber has been switched off, since after switching off the chambers, a large part of the filter cake is already detached from the filter elements due to the lack of negative pressure.
Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es daher, eine kon- struktive Ausführung der eingangs genannten Art zur Verfügung zu stellen, mit der auf einfache Weise kleine Einheiten des Filters vom Gesamt-Gasstrom für Abreinigungszwecke abtrennbar sind.The object of the present invention is therefore to provide a to provide a structural design of the type mentioned at the outset, with which small units of the filter can be easily separated from the total gas flow for cleaning purposes.
Diese Aufgabe wird mittels eines gattungsgemäßen Gewebefilters erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, daß der Reingasraum im Bereich der Austrittsöffnungen der Filterelemente durch Schlauchreihen-Trennwände in Abreinigungskanäle unterteilt ist, deren Öffnungen in einen gemeinsamen Reingasraum münden und durch ein verfahrbares Absperrelement nacheinander verschließbar sind.This object is achieved according to the invention by means of a generic fabric filter in that the clean gas space in the area of the outlet openings of the filter elements is subdivided into cleaning channels by rows of hose partitions, the openings of which open into a common clean gas space and can be closed in succession by a movable shut-off element.
Mit dieser Anordnung wird erreicht, daß mit einem einzigen Absperrelement nacheinander eine Vielzahl von Abreinigungskanälen kurzzeitig vom Gesamt-Gasstrom abgetrennt werden können, wobei immer nur die jeweils einem Abreinigungskanal zugeordneten Filterelemente durch Druckluftstöße abgereinigt werden.With this arrangement it is achieved that a plurality of cleaning channels can be briefly separated from the total gas flow in succession with a single shut-off element, only the filter elements assigned to each cleaning channel being cleaned by compressed air blasts.
Im Vergleich zu Anlagen mit Kammerabschaltung, die für jede Kammer separate Absperrorgane benötigen, lassen sich bei der beschriebenen Anordnung mit geringem Aufwand im Verhältnis zur Ge- sa t-Fi lterf lache sehr kleine Abreinigungseinheiten realisieren, so daß der Gesamt-Strom in der Anlage gleichmäßiger ist und nicht durch den Abreinigungsvorgang gestört wird. Des weiteren wird vermieden, daß im Austragsbereich des Filters größere Staubmengen auf einmal anfallen und Verstopfungen verursachen. Außerdem wird nicht unbedingt für jede Kammer eine einzelne Staubsam elwanne benötigt.Compared to systems with chamber shutdown, which require separate shut-off devices for each chamber, very small cleaning units can be implemented with little effort in relation to the surface of the filter in the arrangement described, so that the total current in the system is more uniform and is not disturbed by the cleaning process. Furthermore, it is avoided that larger amounts of dust accumulate in the discharge area of the filter and cause blockages. In addition, a single dust collector pan is not necessarily required for each chamber.
Bei den meisten Filteranlagen wird durch einen, vom Gasstrom aus betrachtet, hinter dem Filter angeordneten Ventilator das Gas durch das Filter gesaugt, so daß im Filtergehäuse ein gewisser Unterdruck herrscht. Bei den meisten der bisher aufgeführten Kammerabschaltungen wird die Kammer vorzugsweise sowohl im Reingas- als auch im Rohgasraum abgetrennt. Bei der vorgeschlagenen Anordnung wird jedoch nur im Reingasbereich eine Abtrennung vorgenom- men. Deshalb ist es zu erwarten, daß durch den weiterhin im Rohgasbereich bestehenden Anlagen-Unterdruck die Abreinigungswirkung noch verbessert wird. Umgekehrt können bei gleicher Abreinigungswirkung die Anforderungen an die Druckluftversorgung in bezug auf Druck und Menge vermindert werden.In most filter systems, the gas is sucked through the filter through a fan arranged behind the filter, viewed from the gas flow, so that there is a certain negative pressure in the filter housing. In most of the chamber shutdowns listed so far, the chamber is preferably separated both in the clean gas and in the raw gas space. In the proposed arrangement, however, separation is only carried out in the clean gas area. men. It is therefore to be expected that the cleaning effect will be further improved by the plant negative pressure which continues to exist in the raw gas area. Conversely, with the same cleaning effect, the requirements for the compressed air supply in terms of pressure and quantity can be reduced.
Die Brutto/Netto-Umschaltung und die Verstopfungen durch plötzlichen hohen Staubanfall stellen bei den gängigen Konstruktionen ein erhebliches Problem dar, welches bisher nicht mit einfachen Mitteln beseitigt werden konnte. Die vorgeschlagene Ausführung ist außerdem gut zur Umrüstung bestehender Anlagen geeignet, da die Druckluftabreinigung normalerweise schon installiert ist.The gross / net switchover and the blockages caused by sudden, high amounts of dust represent a considerable problem with the common designs, which until now could not be eliminated with simple means. The proposed design is also well suited for retrofitting existing systems, since compressed air cleaning is normally already installed.
Gemäß der vorliegenden Erfindung ist unter "Verfahrbarkeit des Absperrelements" sowohl eine translatorische als auch eine rotatorische Bewegung gemeint. Von besonderem Vorteil ist eine rotatorische Bewegung des Absperrelements gemäß den Unteransprüchen 2 und 3, da sich dadurch auf konstruktiv einfache Weise eine Absperrung einer Vielzahl von Abreinigungskanälen realisieren läßt. Für ein einziges Absperrelement ist das Maximum absperrbarer Abreinigungskanäle dann gegeben, wenn deren Öffnungen auf einem Kreisumfang um das Absperrelement herum angeordnet sind (Anspruch 2). Absperrelemente mit rotatorischer Bewegung sind insbesondere auch für eine Umrüstung von Filterkammern mit einem Tellerventil als Absperrorgan geeignet. Bei derartigen Anlagen kann der kreisförmige Durchlaßquerschnitt der Tellerventile in vorteilhafter Weise als Einbauort des erfindungsgemäßen Absperrelements genutzt werden.According to the present invention, “movability of the shut-off element” means both a translatory and a rotational movement. A rotary movement of the shut-off element according to subclaims 2 and 3 is particularly advantageous, since it enables a large number of cleaning channels to be shut off in a structurally simple manner. For a single shut-off element, the maximum shut-off cleaning channels are given if their openings are arranged on a circumference around the shut-off element (claim 2). Shut-off elements with rotary movement are also particularly suitable for retrofitting filter chambers with a poppet valve as a shut-off device. In systems of this type, the circular passage cross section of the poppet valves can advantageously be used as the installation location of the shut-off element according to the invention.
Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung ergeben sich aus den weiteren Unteransprüchen. Die vorliegende Erfindung wird nachstehend anhand von zwei Ausführungsbeispielen näher erläutert. In der dazugehörigen Zeichnung zeigt in schematischer Weise:Advantageous refinements of the invention result from the further subclaims. The present invention is explained in more detail below on the basis of two exemplary embodiments. The accompanying drawing shows schematically:
Fig. 1 einen Einkammer-Schlauchfi lter in Seitenansicht und Schnittdarstellung gemäß dem Schnitt I-I nach Fig. 2,1 is a unicameral hose filter in side view and sectional view according to section I-I of FIG. 2,
Fig. 2 einen Schnitt II-II gemäß Fig. 1, undFig. 2 shows a section II-II of FIG. 1, and
Fig. 3 einen Dreikammer-Schlauchfilter in Schnittdarstellung entsprechend Fig. 2.3 shows a three-chamber bag filter in a sectional view corresponding to FIG. 2.
Das Ausführungsbeispiel gemäß den Fig. 1 und 2 zeigt einen Einkammer-Schlauchf i lter mit acht Reihen von Filterschläuchen 4 in einem Gehäuse 7. Ein Lochboden 1 dient der Aufnahme der Filterschläuche 4 mit ihren Stützkörben 5. Die Filterschläuche 4 ragen allseitig geschlossen in einen Rohgasraum 3 des Filters hinein. Ihre Austrittsöffnungen 18 münden in einen Reingasraum 2 des Fi Iters.The exemplary embodiment according to FIGS. 1 and 2 shows a single-chamber hose filter with eight rows of filter bags 4 in a housing 7. A perforated base 1 serves to hold the filter bags 4 with their support baskets 5. The filter bags 4 project closed into a raw gas space on all sides 3 of the filter. Their outlet openings 18 open into a clean gas space 2 of the filter.
Der Reingasraum 2 ist durch Schlauchreihen-Trennwände 11 in Abreinigungskanäle 12 unterteilt, wobei jedem Abreinigungskanal 12 eine Reihe von Filterschläuchen 4 zugeordnet ist. Die Öffnungen 19 der Abreinigungskanäle 12 münden in einen gemeinsamen Reingasraum 23 und sind so angeordnet, daß sie auf einem Kreisbogenabschnitt 21 liegen, der in Fig. 2 gestrichelt eingezeichnet ist. Im Mittelpunkt des Kreisbogenabschnitts 21 ist die Schwenkachse 20 eines Absperrelements 13 angeordnet, die in Lagern 14 und 15 drehbar gelagert ist. Der Antrieb des Absperrelements 13 erfolgt durch einen Elektromotor 16, der über eine Halterung 17 außen am Filtergehäuse 7 befestigt ist.The clean gas space 2 is subdivided into cleaning channels 12 by hose partition walls 11, a number of filter bags 4 being assigned to each cleaning channel 12. The openings 19 of the cleaning channels 12 open into a common clean gas space 23 and are arranged such that they lie on a circular arc section 21, which is shown in broken lines in FIG. 2. In the center of the circular arc section 21, the pivot axis 20 of a shut-off element 13 is arranged, which is rotatably mounted in bearings 14 and 15. The shut-off element 13 is driven by an electric motor 16 which is fastened to the outside of the filter housing 7 via a holder 17.
Im Radius des Kreisbogenabschnitts 21 von der Schwenkachse 20 entfernt besitzt das Absperrelement 13 eine Absperrfläche 22, deren Krümmung der des Kreisbogenabschnitts 21 entspricht. Die Breite der Absperrfläche 22 ist so gewählt, daß jeweils eine Öffnung 19 der Abreinigungskanäle 12 absperrbar ist.In the radius of the circular arc section 21 from the pivot axis 20 the shut-off element 13 has a shut-off surface 22, the curvature of which corresponds to that of the circular arc section 21. The width of the shutoff surface 22 is selected so that an opening 19 of the cleaning channels 12 can be shut off.
Das staubhaltige Gas strömt durch einen Rohgaseintritt 6 in das Filtergehäuse 7 ein und wird beim Durchgang durch die Filterschläuche 4 gereinigt. Das gereinigte Gas strömt dann durch die Austrittsöffnungen 18 der Filterschläuche 4 in den durch die Abreinigungskanäle 12 unterteilten Reingasraum 2 ein und von dort in den gemeinsamen Reingasraum 23 und verläßt das Filter über einen Reingasaustritt 8 zur weiteren Verwendung.The dust-containing gas flows through a raw gas inlet 6 into the filter housing 7 and is cleaned as it passes through the filter bags 4. The cleaned gas then flows through the outlet openings 18 of the filter bags 4 into the clean gas space 2 divided by the cleaning channels 12 and from there into the common clean gas space 23 and leaves the filter via a clean gas outlet 8 for further use.
Die Druckluftabreinigung besteht aus einem Druckluftbehälter 9 und Düsenstöcken 10, die sich reihenweise über die Filterschläuche 4 erstrecken und jeweils über deren Austrittsöffnungen 18 mit Düsen versehen sind.The compressed air cleaning consists of a compressed air tank 9 and nozzle assemblies 10, which extend in rows over the filter bags 4 and are each provided with nozzles via their outlet openings 18.
Zum Abreinigen des Filters wird das Absperrelement 13 schrittweise vor die Öffnungen 19 der einzelnen Abreinigungskanäle 12 gefahren, wodurch der normale Gasstrom durch die jeweils abgesperrten Filterschläuche 4 unterbrochen wird. Gleichzeitig mit der Absperrung eines Abreinigungskanals 12 wird der dazugehörige Düsenstock 10 aktiviert, d.h. die Filterschläuche 4 werden durch Druckluftstöße gereinigt. Falls eine Abreinigung des Filters nicht erforderlich ist, kann das Absperrelement 13 in eine Neutralstellung gefahren werden, die in Fig. 2 gestrichelt eingezeichnet ist.To clean the filter, the shut-off element 13 is moved step by step in front of the openings 19 of the individual cleaning channels 12, as a result of which the normal gas flow is interrupted by the filter bags 4 which are shut off in each case. Simultaneously with the blocking of a cleaning channel 12, the associated nozzle assembly 10 is activated, i.e. the filter bags 4 are cleaned by compressed air. If it is not necessary to clean the filter, the shut-off element 13 can be moved into a neutral position, which is shown in broken lines in FIG. 2.
Fig. 3 zeigt ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel. Dieses betrifft einen Dreikammer-Schlauchfilter, der praktisch eine Parallelschaltung des Einkam er-Filters des obenstehend beschriebenen ersten Ausführungsbeispiels darstellt. In der Fig. 3 ist daher auch nur eine Kammer mit Bezugszeichen versehen. Für die anderen Kammern gelten identisch die gleichen Bezugszeichen. Aus der Darstellung gemäß Fig. 3 wird ganz augenscheinlich, daß aufgrund der erfindungsgemäßen Lösung die sonst üblichen Kammer-Abschaltventile bzw. -klappen zum Wegfall gekommen sind. Diese Absperrorgane sind aufgrund des hohen Luftvolumens großer Filteranlagen teuer, aufwendig und aufgrund der Schalthäufigkeit reparatur- und wartungsaufwendig. Sie sind erfindungsgemäß durch die rotatorisch-schrittweise vor die Öffnungen 19 der Abreinigungskanäle 12 verfahrbaren Absperrelemente 13 ersetzt worden. Diese Absperrelemente 13 müssen weitaus kleinere Luftvolumina abschließen als die herkömmlichen Kammer-Abschaltorgane. Dabei ist der Verschleiß, der beim öffnen und Schließen gegen den Unterdruck auftritt, weitaus geringer. Des weiteren verringert sich die abzureinigende Fläche. Im Ausführungsbeispiel werden jeweils maximal drei Schlauchfilter-Reihen gleichzeitig abgereinigt, während bei einer Kammer-Abschaltung acht Schlauchfilter-Reihen gleichzeitig außer Betrieb genommen werden müßten, d.h. durch die Erfindung steht während der Abreinigung eine wesentlich größere Netto-Fi lterf lache zur Verfügung. Bei großen Filteranlagen kann die abzureinigende Fläche von ca. 1/4 bis 1/5 auf ca. 1/20 bis 1/50 reduziert werden, und dies mit sehr einfachen Mitteln, die zudem eine Off 1 ine-Abreinigung im Online-Betrieb realisieren.Fig. 3 shows a further embodiment. This relates to a three-chamber bag filter, which is practically a parallel connection of the Einkam er filter of the first embodiment described above. In Fig. 3, therefore, only one chamber is provided with reference numerals. The same reference numerals apply identically to the other chambers. 3 it is quite obvious that the otherwise conventional chamber shut-off valves or flaps have been eliminated due to the solution according to the invention. These shut-off devices are expensive due to the high air volume of large filter systems, complex and due to the switching frequency repair and maintenance. According to the invention, they have been replaced by the shut-off elements 13 which can be moved stepwise in front of the openings 19 of the cleaning channels 12. These shut-off elements 13 have to close far smaller air volumes than the conventional chamber shut-off devices. The wear that occurs when opening and closing against the negative pressure is much less. Furthermore, the area to be cleaned is reduced. In the exemplary embodiment, a maximum of three bag filter rows are cleaned at the same time, while in the case of a chamber shutdown, eight bag filter rows would have to be taken out of operation at the same time, ie the invention provides a substantially larger net filter area during cleaning. In the case of large filter systems, the area to be cleaned can be reduced from approx. 1/4 to 1/5 to approx. 1/20 to 1/50, and this with very simple means that also realize off 1 ine cleaning in online operation .
Die Abreinigung der einzelnen Kammern des in Fig. 3 dargestellten Filters erfolgt in gleicher Weise wie zum ersten Ausführungsbeispiel beschrieben.The individual chambers of the filter shown in FIG. 3 are cleaned in the same way as described for the first exemplary embodiment.
Die gereinigten Gase verlassen die Kammern über deren Reingasaustritte 8 und gelangen in einen Reingas-Sammelkanal 24, in dem sie dem Ventilator zuströmen, was durch den Pfeil 25 angedeutet ist. The cleaned gases leave the chambers via their clean gas outlets 8 and reach a clean gas collecting duct 24, in which they flow to the fan, which is indicated by the arrow 25.

Claims

P a t e n t a n s p r ü c h e Patent claims
1.) Gewebefilter mit Druckluftabreinigung zur Reinigung von staubhaltigen Gasen bestehend aus mindestens einer Kammer, die durch einen Lochboden in einen Rohgasraum und einen Reingasraum unterteilt ist, wobei der Lochboden Filterelemente reihenweise aufnimmt, die allseitig geschlossen in den Rohgasraum ragen und jeweils eine in den Reingasraum führende Öffnung aufweisen, wobei über diesen Öffnungen stationäre Druckluftdüsen zum Abreinigen der Filterelemente angeordnet sind, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Reingasraum (2) im Bereich der Austrittsöffnungen (18) der Filterelemente (4) durch Schlauchreihen-Trennwände (11) in Abreinigungskanäle (12) unterteilt ist, deren Öffnungen (19) in einen gemeinsamen Reingasraum (23) münden und durch ein verfahrbares Absperrelement (13) nacheinander verschließbar sind.1.) Fabric filter with compressed air cleaning for cleaning dust-containing gases consisting of at least one chamber, which is divided by a perforated floor into a raw gas room and a clean gas room, the perforated floor accommodating filter elements in rows, which protrude on all sides into the raw gas room and one in the clean gas room have a leading opening, with stationary compressed air nozzles being arranged above these openings for cleaning the filter elements, characterized in that the clean gas space (2) in the region of the outlet openings (18) of the filter elements (4) through hose partition walls (11) in cleaning channels (12) is divided, the openings (19) of which open into a common clean gas space (23) and can be closed in succession by a movable shut-off element (13).
2.) Gewebefilter nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Öffnungen (19) der Abreinigungskanäle (12) auf einem Kreisumfang liegen, und das Absperrelement (13) um eine Achse (20) schwenkbar ist, die im Mittelpunkt des Kreises angeordnet ist.2.) Fabric filter according to claim 1, characterized in that the openings (19) of the cleaning channels (12) lie on a circumference, and the shut-off element (13) is pivotable about an axis (20) which is arranged in the center of the circle.
3.) Gewebefilter nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Öffnungen (19) der Abreinigungskanäle (12) auf einem Kreisbogenabschnitt (21) liegen, und das Absperrelement (13) um eine Achse3.) Fabric filter according to claim 1, characterized in that the openings (19) of the cleaning channels (12) lie on a circular arc section (21), and the shut-off element (13) about an axis
(20) schwenkbar ist, die im Mittelpunkt des Kreisbogenabschnitts(20) is pivotable, which is the center of the circular arc section
(21) angeordnet ist.(21) is arranged.
4.) Gewebefilter nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Öffnungen (19) der Abreinigungskanäle (12) auf einer geraden Linie liegen, und das Absperrelement linear verfahrbar ist. 4.) Fabric filter according to claim 1, characterized in that the openings (19) of the cleaning channels (12) lie on a straight line, and the shut-off element is linearly movable.
5.) Gewebefilter nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet , daß jedem Abreinigungskanal (12) vorzugsweise nur eine Reihe von Filterelementen (4) zugeordnet ist.5.) Fabric filter according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that each cleaning channel (12) is preferably assigned only one row of filter elements (4).
6.) Gewebefilter nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet daß das Absperrelement schrittweise oder gleichmäßig verfahrbar ist. 6.) Fabric filter according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the shut-off element can be moved stepwise or evenly.
PCT/DE1997/001447 1996-07-09 1997-07-09 Fibrous filter with pressurised air cleaning system for cleaning of dust-laden gases WO1998001209A1 (en)

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DE19627514A DE19627514A1 (en) 1996-07-09 1996-07-09 Fabric filter with compressed air cleaning for cleaning dust-containing gases
DE19627514.8 1996-07-09

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DE10101219C9 (en) 2001-01-12 2018-05-17 Nilfisk-Advance A/S A vacuum cleaner
DE20208300U1 (en) 2002-05-28 2002-08-29 Intensiv-Filter GmbH & Co. KG, 42555 Velbert Cleaning device for tubular filter elements
DE102012207139A1 (en) * 2012-04-27 2013-10-31 GARANT-Filter GmbH Method and device for filtering particles from gases
CN109838868A (en) * 2017-11-28 2019-06-04 山西彩云归科技有限公司 A kind of split type new blower fan apparatus

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DE1947737A1 (en) * 1969-09-20 1971-05-27 Luehr Staubtech Pocket filter with a multi-chamber housing
DE2430279A1 (en) * 1973-06-25 1975-01-23 Clarkes Sheet Metal AIR FILTER ARRANGEMENT
WO1984000902A1 (en) * 1982-08-24 1984-03-15 New Come Filters Limited A gas filter device
EP0299898A2 (en) * 1987-07-07 1989-01-18 Jean-Pierre Dandy Process and device for automatically cleaning air filter bags
WO1993013845A1 (en) * 1992-01-16 1993-07-22 Ola Rindal A method and apparatus for cleaning the cloth in bag filters
US5405421A (en) * 1993-09-22 1995-04-11 Swisher, Jr.; George W. Gas stream filtering system using filtered gas for reverse flow cleaning

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1947737A1 (en) * 1969-09-20 1971-05-27 Luehr Staubtech Pocket filter with a multi-chamber housing
DE2430279A1 (en) * 1973-06-25 1975-01-23 Clarkes Sheet Metal AIR FILTER ARRANGEMENT
WO1984000902A1 (en) * 1982-08-24 1984-03-15 New Come Filters Limited A gas filter device
EP0299898A2 (en) * 1987-07-07 1989-01-18 Jean-Pierre Dandy Process and device for automatically cleaning air filter bags
WO1993013845A1 (en) * 1992-01-16 1993-07-22 Ola Rindal A method and apparatus for cleaning the cloth in bag filters
US5405421A (en) * 1993-09-22 1995-04-11 Swisher, Jr.; George W. Gas stream filtering system using filtered gas for reverse flow cleaning

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