WO1998057997A1 - PROCEDE DE PREPARATION DE POLYOLEFINES A UNE TEMPERATURE ELEVEE A L'AIDE DE Zr METALLOCENE - Google Patents
PROCEDE DE PREPARATION DE POLYOLEFINES A UNE TEMPERATURE ELEVEE A L'AIDE DE Zr METALLOCENE Download PDFInfo
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- WO1998057997A1 WO1998057997A1 PCT/NL1998/000350 NL9800350W WO9857997A1 WO 1998057997 A1 WO1998057997 A1 WO 1998057997A1 NL 9800350 W NL9800350 W NL 9800350W WO 9857997 A1 WO9857997 A1 WO 9857997A1
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- metallocene
- polymerisation
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- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title description 3
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000004711 α-olefin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 125000002877 alkyl aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- -1 tertiar-butyl Chemical group 0.000 claims description 16
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 150000001993 dienes Chemical class 0.000 claims description 11
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- LIKMAJRDDDTEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-hexene Chemical compound CCCCC=C LIKMAJRDDDTEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- KWKAKUADMBZCLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl heptene Natural products CCCCCCC=C KWKAKUADMBZCLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 5
- AFFLGGQVNFXPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-decene Natural products CCCCCCCCC=C AFFLGGQVNFXPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- HECLRDQVFMWTQS-RGOKHQFPSA-N 1755-01-7 Chemical compound C1[C@H]2[C@@H]3CC=C[C@@H]3[C@@H]1C=C2 HECLRDQVFMWTQS-RGOKHQFPSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- INYHZQLKOKTDAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-ethenylbicyclo[2.2.1]hept-2-ene Chemical compound C1C2C(C=C)CC1C=C2 INYHZQLKOKTDAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 3
- SJYNFBVQFBRSIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N norbornadiene Chemical compound C1=CC2C=CC1C2 SJYNFBVQFBRSIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000000026 trimethylsilyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])[Si]([*])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 3
- LWNGJAHMBMVCJR-UHFFFAOYSA-N (2,3,4,5,6-pentafluorophenoxy)boronic acid Chemical class OB(O)OC1=C(F)C(F)=C(F)C(F)=C1F LWNGJAHMBMVCJR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- PRBHEGAFLDMLAL-GQCTYLIASA-N (4e)-hexa-1,4-diene Chemical compound C\C=C\CC=C PRBHEGAFLDMLAL-GQCTYLIASA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- OJOWICOBYCXEKR-KRXBUXKQSA-N (5e)-5-ethylidenebicyclo[2.2.1]hept-2-ene Chemical compound C1C2C(=C/C)/CC1C=C2 OJOWICOBYCXEKR-KRXBUXKQSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000002902 bimodal effect Effects 0.000 description 13
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 12
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 11
- VXNZUUAINFGPBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-Butene Chemical compound CCC=C VXNZUUAINFGPBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 8
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene Natural products CC=C QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 125000004805 propylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 5
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 125000003454 indenyl group Chemical group C1(C=CC2=CC=CC=C12)* 0.000 description 4
- LFXVBWRMVZPLFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N trioctylalumane Chemical compound CCCCCCCC[Al](CCCCCCCC)CCCCCCCC LFXVBWRMVZPLFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- PBKONEOXTCPAFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene Chemical compound ClC1=CC=C(Cl)C(Cl)=C1 PBKONEOXTCPAFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- YBYIRNPNPLQARY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1H-indene Natural products C1=CC=C2CC=CC2=C1 YBYIRNPNPLQARY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000005033 Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000001338 aliphatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000012968 metallocene catalyst Substances 0.000 description 3
- CPOFMOWDMVWCLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl(oxo)alumane Chemical compound C[Al]=O CPOFMOWDMVWCLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 3
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- SDJHPPZKZZWAKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3-dimethylbuta-1,3-diene Chemical compound CC(=C)C(C)=C SDJHPPZKZZWAKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butadiene Chemical compound C=CC=C KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RRHGJUQNOFWUDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isoprene Chemical compound CC(=C)C=C RRHGJUQNOFWUDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JLTDJTHDQAWBAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-dimethylaniline Chemical compound CN(C)C1=CC=CC=C1 JLTDJTHDQAWBAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Heptane Chemical compound CCCCCCC IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000002723 alicyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000004369 butenyl group Chemical group C(=CCC)* 0.000 description 2
- 125000000484 butyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 2
- TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Octanol Natural products CCCCCCCC TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YWAKXRMUMFPDSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentene Chemical compound CCCC=C YWAKXRMUMFPDSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012429 reaction media Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003643 water by type Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- PMJHHCWVYXUKFD-SNAWJCMRSA-N (E)-1,3-pentadiene Chemical group C\C=C\C=C PMJHHCWVYXUKFD-SNAWJCMRSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PRBHEGAFLDMLAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,5-Hexadiene Natural products CC=CCC=C PRBHEGAFLDMLAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IGLWCQMNTGCUBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-methylidenepent-1-ene Chemical compound CCC(=C)C=C IGLWCQMNTGCUBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MVKNKYUEMVWBOK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-propan-2-ylidene-1,2,7,7a-tetrahydroindene Chemical compound C1C=CC=C2C(=C(C)C)CCC21 MVKNKYUEMVWBOK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UFERIGCCDYCZLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3a,4,7,7a-tetrahydro-1h-indene Chemical compound C1C=CCC2CC=CC21 UFERIGCCDYCZLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NLZUEZXRPGMBCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butylhydroxytoluene Chemical compound CC1=CC(C(C)(C)C)=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=C1 NLZUEZXRPGMBCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002943 EPDM rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005864 Sulphur Substances 0.000 description 1
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VCOKPLHNHKEXIO-UHFFFAOYSA-L [Cl-].[Cl-].CC1=CC=C(C)C2=C1C=CC2[Zr+2] Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].CC1=CC=C(C)C2=C1C=CC2[Zr+2] VCOKPLHNHKEXIO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000003342 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000004703 alkoxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000001118 alkylidene group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000001361 allenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001399 aluminium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000003368 amide group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229920006125 amorphous polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229940077746 antacid containing aluminium compound Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000004945 aromatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001797 benzyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- QNRMTGGDHLBXQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N buta-1,2-diene Chemical compound CC=C=C QNRMTGGDHLBXQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011951 cationic catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001767 cationic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000015271 coagulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005345 coagulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007334 copolymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- TVEFFNLPYIEDLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N deca-1,4,9-triene Chemical class C=CCCCC=CCC=C TVEFFNLPYIEDLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000004796 dialkyl magnesium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- HQWPLXHWEZZGKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylzinc Chemical compound CC[Zn]CC HQWPLXHWEZZGKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000113 differential scanning calorimetry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000003480 eluent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000219 ethylidene group Chemical group [H]C(=[*])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000003983 fluorenyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=2C3=CC=CC=C3CC12)* 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- AHAREKHAZNPPMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexa-1,3-diene Chemical compound CCC=CC=C AHAREKHAZNPPMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PYGSKMBEVAICCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexa-1,5-diene Chemical compound C=CCCC=C PYGSKMBEVAICCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002808 molecular sieve Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002950 monocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000001971 neopentyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C(C([H])([H])[H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- SSDSCDGVMJFTEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecyl 3-(3,5-ditert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCOC(=O)CCC1=CC(C(C)(C)C)=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=C1 SSDSCDGVMJFTEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002370 organoaluminium group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002978 peroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- PMJHHCWVYXUKFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N piperylene Natural products CC=CC=C PMJHHCWVYXUKFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003367 polycyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920005606 polypropylene copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002516 radical scavenger Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- VSZWPYCFIRKVQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N selanylidenegallium;selenium Chemical compound [Se].[Se]=[Ga].[Se]=[Ga] VSZWPYCFIRKVQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001542 size-exclusion chromatography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium aluminosilicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001131 transforming effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- VOITXYVAKOUIBA-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylaluminium Chemical compound CC[Al](CC)CC VOITXYVAKOUIBA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MCULRUJILOGHCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triisobutylaluminium Chemical compound CC(C)C[Al](CC(C)C)CC(C)C MCULRUJILOGHCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F210/00—Copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond
- C08F210/16—Copolymers of ethene with alpha-alkenes, e.g. EP rubbers
- C08F210/18—Copolymers of ethene with alpha-alkenes, e.g. EP rubbers with non-conjugated dienes, e.g. EPT rubbers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F210/00—Copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond
- C08F210/04—Monomers containing three or four carbon atoms
- C08F210/06—Propene
Definitions
- the invention relates to a process for the polymerisation of one or more ⁇ -olefins and optionally a diene to form a polyolefin at a temperature above 100°C with the aid of a catalyst system comprising a zirconium (Zr) -based metallocene.
- a catalyst system comprising a zirconium (Zr) -based metallocene.
- a drawback of polymers with a narrow MWD is their poor processability and poor flow behaviour.
- the aim of the present invention is to eliminate the poor processability of such polyolefins through synthesis of polymers with a bimodal MWD.
- a bimodal MWD is a molecular weight distribution with two or more peaks as can be seen via Size Exclusion Chromatography in combination with Differential Viscosimetry (SEC-DV) .
- a broadened MWD, which contains a primary or main peak and one or more small secondary peaks, is also considered as a bimodal MWD.
- the invention provides a process for the polymerisation of one or more ⁇ -olefins at a temperature above 100°C with the aid of a catalyst system comprising a Zr metallocene, the process being characterised in that the Zr metallocene is a compound having the formula:
- R 1 is, independently of one another, H, an alkyl group with 1-10 C atoms, an alkylaryl group with 7-20 C atoms or an aromatic group with 6-20 C atoms,
- R 1 groups are H, methyl, tertiary butyl, neopentyl, phenyl or benzyl. H or a methyl (Me) group are preferably used as the R 1 group .
- the Zr metallocene (Formula 1) to be used in the process according to the invention consists of two ringsystems .
- Each ringsystem contains a 5-membered and a 6-membered ring.
- the two 5-membered rings are bound to the Zr atom.
- the ringsystems are indenyl groups .
- the ringsystems are tetrahydroindenyl groups.
- R 3 groups may themselves, too, form part of a ringsystem, so that fluorenyl groups can also be present in the Zr metallocenes of the present invention.
- the two ringsystems which may or may not be substituted, are bridged by an ethylene bridge.
- An ethylene bridge consists of two C-atoms that bind the two ringsystems to one another.
- the bridge may be bound to the 5-ring at two positions: at a 1 position or at the 2 position.
- the ethylene bridge is substituted with R 2 groups.
- An R 2 group can be H, an alkyl group with 1-10 C atoms, an alkylaryl group with 7-20 C atoms, an aromatic group with 6-20 C atoms and a silanylene group with 3-30 C atoms.
- R 2 is preferably independently H, methyl, phenyl or tri ethylsilyl.
- the ringsystems of Formula I are independently of one another substituted at different positions with R 3 groups.
- An R 3 group can be H, an alkyl group with 1-10 C atoms, an alkylaryl group with 7-20 C atoms, an aromatic group with 6-20 C atoms or a silanylene group with 3-30 C atoms.
- R 3 is preferably independently H, methyl, ethyl, isopropyl, tertiary butyl, trimethylsilyl or phenyl.
- a silanylene group is a silicon-containing group, -SiR 4 3 , which is bound via the Si atom.
- the silanylene group itself also contains three R 4 groups, which may be H, alkyl groups with 1-10 C atoms, alkylaryl groups with 7-20 C atoms, aromatic groups with 6-20 C atoms, halogenides, alkoxides with 1-10 C atoms and amido groups with 1-10 C atoms.
- R 4 is an alkyl group with 1-10 C atoms.
- the alkyl group of R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 or the silanylene group may be linear, branched and/or substituted and may or may not contain one or more atoms from any one of Groups 14, 15, 16 or 17 of the Periodic System as published in the Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 67 th edition, 1986-1987, inner front page, CRC-Press, Florida.
- Bridged ringsystems can form different stereoisomers. Both racemic and meso stereoisomers may occur. It is preferable to use a racemic Zr metallocene.
- the bimodality of the polymer obtained can be made visible with the aid of SEC-DV.
- the chromatogram from a polymer made according to the present invention clearly shows two or more peaks in the case of a bimodal polymer.
- the bimodality can also be described by determining the MWD. For example, an MWD ⁇ 3 is indicative of a unimodal distribution, while an MWD > 3 for polymers prepared with Zr metallocenes, as used in the process according to the invention, characterises a bimodal distribution.
- bimodal polyolefins can be obtained by carrying out a polymerisation of ⁇ -olefins with mixed catalysts. The mixing of different polyolefins that have first been separately prepared results in well-processable polyolefins, as described in US 3, 884,993.
- bimodal polymers are_ obtained at temperatures of > 100°C by using in the polymerisation a single Zr metallocene.
- the Zr metallocene needs to be activated with a cocatalyst.
- Activation means transforming the neutral Zr-metallocene to a cationic catalyst species that is active in the polymerisation of an ⁇ -olefin. This activation may be the replacement of an R 1 group in the metallocene by a different substituent, or the removal of an R 1 group, so that a cationic Zr metallocene is formed.
- Suitable cocatalysts are for example aluminoxanes .
- Aluminoxanes may occur as cyclic or as linear structures, as described in EP 646 604 A and WO 92 21685 A.
- Aluminoxanes can be prepared in the manner known from these patent publications; they are also commercially available. Methyl aluminoxanes produced by
- Witco, Ethyl and Akzo can be mentioned as examples of commercially available aluminoxanes.
- Use can also be made of organoaluminium oxides having the formula R 2 A1- 0-AlR 2 , where R is an alkyl group or an alkoxy group as described in WO 93 25591 A.
- cocatalysts for the conversion into cationic compounds are mentioned for example in WO 91 09882 A.
- These cocatalysts are compounds that contain a non-coordinating or poorly coordinating anion or form such anion in the reaction with the Zr metallocene.
- These catalyst systems have the advantage that smaller amounts of cocatalyst can be used, which can result in a considerable cost saving.
- Examples of such cocatalysts are tris-pentafluorophenylborate and dimethylanilinium tetrakis-pentafluorophenylborate .
- Particularly suitable cocatalysts for the Zr metallocene are aluminoxanes and pentafluorophenyl borates.
- the Zr metallocene and the cocatalyst can be etered into the reactor separately or they can first be premixed for a certain period of time.
- one or more metal alkyl compounds can also be added to the reaction medium.
- the metal alkyl compounds serve as scavengers: they capture polar contaminations in the polymerisation medium.
- metal alkyl compounds examples include trialkyl aluminium compounds, dialkyl aluminium alkyoxy compounds, dialkylaluminium halogenide compounds, alkyl lithium compounds and dialkyl magnesium compounds, etc.
- the components of the catalyst system can be used (entirely or partly) on a carrier or without a carrier.
- An advantage of a catalyst system deposited on a carrier is that a lower ratio of the cocatalyst relative to the active component can be used at the same catalyst activity. Catalyst systems deposited on carriers are used predominantly in gas-phase and suspension processes.
- the carrier to be used is any carrier known as a carrier for metallocene catalysts, for example Si0 2 or A1 2 0 3 .
- the invention relates to a process for the polymerisation of one or more ⁇ -olefins and optionally a diene.
- suitable ⁇ -olefins are ethylene, propylene, 1-butene, 1-hexene, 1-octene, l-decene and mixtures hereof. It is also possible to carry out a copolymerisation with different ⁇ -olefins and optionally with a diene.
- copolymers are rubbery polymers containing ethylene and a different ⁇ - olefin and a diene (EADM) .
- Propylene, 1-butene, 1- pentene, 1-hexene, 1-octene and 1-decene can be mentioned as suitable ⁇ -olefins that, besides ethylene, can be used as a monomer in the preparation of an EADM polymer. Mixtures of these alkenes can also be used, in which case propylene and/or butene-1 are/is preferable.
- dienes examples include: 1,3- butadiene, isoprene, 2, 3-dimethylbutadiene, 1,3,2- ethylbutadiene, piperylene, mycrene, allene, 1,2- butadiene, 1, 4, 9-decatrienes, 1, 4-hexadiene, 1,5- hexadiene and 4-methylhexadiene-l,4.
- Alicyclic polyunsaturated compounds which may or may not contain a bridge group, may be mono- or polycyclic.
- Examples of such compounds are norbornadiene and its alkyl derivatives; the alkylidene norbornenes, in particular the 5-alkylidene norbornenes-2, in which the alkylidene group contains from 1 to 20, preferably from 1 to 8 carbon atoms; the alkenylnorbornenes , in particular the 5-alkenylnorbornenes-2 , in which the alkenyl group contains from 2 to 20 and preferably from 2 to 10 carbon atoms, for example 5- (2 ' -methyl- 2 'butenyl) norbornene-2 and 5- (3 ' -methyl- 2 ' butenyl) norbornene-2 ; vinyl norbornene , dicyclopentadiene and the polyunsaturated compounds of bicyclo- (2,2,1) -heptane, bicyclo- (2,2,2) -octane, bicyclo- (3 , 2, 1) -octane and bicyclo- (3 , 2 , 2) -nonane,
- the temperature of the polymerisation lies above 100°C. At temperatures lower than 100°C products with a narrow, unimodal MWD are obtained. Polymerisation can be carried out at a temperature above 250°C. The polymerisation above 250 °C will yield very low molecular weight polymers or oligomers . To obtain a polyolefin with a molecular weight (Mw) above about 10 kg/mol, polymerisation is preferably carried out at a temperature of up to 200°C.
- the polymerisation temperature influences the degree of bimodality. A higher polymerisation temperature has been found to result in a more bimodal polymer: the peaks observable in the chromatogram are further separated from one another, as a result of which the MWD also becomes larger. Those skilled in the art can readily determine through experiment what degree of bimodality should be set to obtain good processability.
- the pressure of the polymerisation is usually between 0.05 and 400 MPa. Preferably the pressure is between 0.05 and 10 MPa, so that the technical feasibility is relatively simple.
- the polymerisation time may vary between a few seconds and several hours. The polymerisation time is generally between a few minutes and 3 hours .
- the ⁇ -olefins can be polymerised in a known manner, in the gas phase and also in a liquid reaction medium. Both solution and suspension polymerisation are suitable in the latter case.
- Solvents known for a solution polymerisation can be used.
- aliphatic hydrocarbons such as hexane and heptane, or of mixtures of aliphatic hydrocarbons.
- the solvent may nevertheless contain small amounts of an aromatic hydrocarbon, for example toluene.
- MAO methyl aluminoxane
- toluene may serve as a solvent so as to be able to meter the MAO in solution into the polymerisation reactor.
- the polymer can be processed further in different ways. Both evaporation of the solvent and steam coagulation are suitable in the case of liquid-phase processes.
- the polymer's molecular weight can be set via techniques known to those skilled in the art, for example, as already mentioned, by choosing the polymerisation temperature.
- the molecular weight can also be varied by using chain length regulators, such as diethyl zinc and preferably hydrogen. Very small amounts of hydrogen already influence the molecular weight sufficiently.
- the process of the invention is suitable for producing polyethylene, polypropylene and also copolymers of various ⁇ -olefins, for example copolymers of propylene and butene-1, copolymers of ethylene and " propylene, copolymers of ethylene and butene-1, copolymers of ethylene and hexene-1 or copolymers of ethylene and octene-1.
- the bimodal copolymers generally contain between 20 and 90 wt.% ethylene.
- the copolymers may be semi-crystalline or even entirely amorphous.
- Amorphous polymers are polymers that contain no crystallinity above 25°C, measured with the aid of differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) . Products with an ethylene content of between 25 and 80 wt.% are preferred.
- An example of an amorphous copolymer is a polymer that consists of ethylene, propylene and a diene (EPDM) and has an ethylene content of between 40 and 70 wt.%.
- EPDM diene
- Such copolymers are suitable for many different applications, for example for manufacturing hoses, conveyor belts, sealing profiles. They can optionally be vulcanised by the usual methods (for example with the aid of substances yielding free radicals such as peroxides, or with the aid of sulphur) .
- the invention will be elucidated with reference to some examples.
- the catalyst employed, racemic C 2 H 4 ⁇ Indenyl) 2 ZrMe 2 was synthesised according to EP 485 820 A.
- the cocatalyst (dimethylanilinium tetrakis- pentafluorophenylborate) was obtained from a commercial supplier. Trioctylaluminium (TOA) was used as a scavenger.
- TOA Trioctylaluminium
- the polymers ⁇ compositions were analysed with the aid of Fourier Transform Infra Red Spectroscopy (FT-IR) and their molecular weights and molecular weight distributions with the aid of SEC-DV.
- FT-IR Fourier Transform Infra Red Spectroscopy
- the FT-IR measurements give the compositions of the different monomers in weight percentages relative to the overall composition.
- Apparatus - Waters M150c Gel Permeation Chromatograph (GPC) with a DRI detector
- Viscotel Differential Viscometer (DV) Viscotel Differential Viscometer (DV) , model 100-
- Detectors in a parallel configuration with a heated line interface Detectors in a parallel configuration with a heated line interface (HLI) .
- LiChroma III pump pulse dampener (Viscotek) and high-sensitivity accessory (Waters)
- Boiling point spirit, ethylene, propylene, Zr metallocene, TOA (0.4 mmol/hour) and cocatalyst (0.4 mmol/hour) were continuously fed to a 1-litre steel reactor.
- the monomers and the dispersing agent had been freed of oxygen and dried beforehand, by successively passing them through a Cu-deoxo column and a column filled with 4A and 13X molecular sieves.
- a polyolefin based on ethylene and propylene was prepared in the reactor.
- the solution was continuously removed from the reactor and flashed, the catalyst system was killed with the aid of isopropanol and the polyolefin was stabilised with approx. 1000 ppm
- Irganox 1076 R The polymer was worked up and analysed.
- Examples I and II copolymers of ethylene and propylene were prepared at polymerisation temperatures above 100°C. Polymers with a bimodal MWD were obtained, with an MWD > 3.
- Comparative Experiment A a polymer with a comparable composition was prepared using the same catalyst system at a temperature of 60°C. A unimodal polymer with an MWD ⁇ 3 was obtained.
- Table 1 shows the polymerisation conditions of the Examples and the Comparative Experiment.
- Table 2 lists the polymer properties of the polyolefins obtained.
- Appendix A shows the SEC-DV chromatograms of
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Abstract
L'invention concerne un procédé de polymérisation d'une ou plusieurs α-oléfines permettant de former une polyoléfine à une température dépassant 100 °C à l'aide d'un système catalyseur comprenant un Zr métallocène, le Zr métallocène étant un composé représenté par la formule (I), dans laquelle R1 désigne, indépendamment, H, un groupe alkyle contenant de 1 à 10 atomes de carbone, un groupe alkylaryle contenant de 7 à 20 atomes de carbone ou un groupe aromatique contenant de 6 à 20 atomes de carbone R2 et R3 désignent, indépendamment l'un de l'autre, H, un groupe alkyle contenant de 1 à 10 atomes de carbone, un groupe alkylaryle contenant de 7 à 20 atomes de carbone ou un groupe aromatique contenant de 6 à 20 atomes de carbone ou un groupe sinalylène contenant de 3 à 30 atomes de carbone, n valant 4 ou 8.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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NL1006346 | 1997-06-18 | ||
NL1006346A NL1006346C2 (nl) | 1997-06-18 | 1997-06-18 | Werkwijze voor de bereiding van polyolefines bij hoge temperatuur met behulp van Zr-metallocenen. |
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WO1998057997A1 true WO1998057997A1 (fr) | 1998-12-23 |
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PCT/NL1998/000350 WO1998057997A1 (fr) | 1997-06-18 | 1998-06-17 | PROCEDE DE PREPARATION DE POLYOLEFINES A UNE TEMPERATURE ELEVEE A L'AIDE DE Zr METALLOCENE |
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WO (1) | WO1998057997A1 (fr) |
Citations (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0260999A1 (fr) * | 1986-09-19 | 1988-03-23 | Exxon Chemical Patents Inc. | Polymérisation d'éthylène à haute température et haute pression |
EP0347128A1 (fr) * | 1988-06-16 | 1989-12-20 | Exxon Chemical Patents Inc. | Procédé de préparation d'élastomères éthylène-alpha-oléfine à haut poids moléculaire en utilisant un catalyseur métalocène-alumoxane |
EP0485822A2 (fr) * | 1990-11-12 | 1992-05-20 | Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft | Procédé de préparation d'un polymère oléfinique à haut poids moléculaire |
WO1994011406A1 (fr) * | 1992-11-11 | 1994-05-26 | Dsm N.V. | Composes d'indenyle et constituants catalytiques destines a la polymerisation des olefines |
EP0643078A2 (fr) * | 1993-09-13 | 1995-03-15 | Montell Technology Company bv | Procédé de préparation de polymères d'éthylène et produits ainsi obtenus |
EP0659773A1 (fr) * | 1993-12-21 | 1995-06-28 | Union Carbide Chemicals & Plastics Technology Corporation | Préparation de polyoléfines possédant des ramifications à chaîne longue par un procédé en phase gazeuse |
WO1995030698A1 (fr) * | 1994-05-06 | 1995-11-16 | Dsm N.V. | Procede de preparation d'un polymere elastomere a partir d'ethylene, d'une alpha-olefine et eventuellement d'un diene |
EP0702030A1 (fr) * | 1991-05-27 | 1996-03-20 | Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft | Procédé de préparation de polyoléfines à large répartition de poids moléculaire |
EP0709405A1 (fr) * | 1994-10-25 | 1996-05-01 | Tosoh Corporation | Procédé de préparation de polymères d'oléfines |
EP0745615A1 (fr) * | 1994-12-20 | 1996-12-04 | Mitsui Petrochemical Industries, Ltd. | Procede de production de polymere d'ethylene et polymere d'ethylene obtenu |
-
1997
- 1997-06-18 NL NL1006346A patent/NL1006346C2/nl not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1998
- 1998-06-17 WO PCT/NL1998/000350 patent/WO1998057997A1/fr active Application Filing
Patent Citations (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0260999A1 (fr) * | 1986-09-19 | 1988-03-23 | Exxon Chemical Patents Inc. | Polymérisation d'éthylène à haute température et haute pression |
EP0347128A1 (fr) * | 1988-06-16 | 1989-12-20 | Exxon Chemical Patents Inc. | Procédé de préparation d'élastomères éthylène-alpha-oléfine à haut poids moléculaire en utilisant un catalyseur métalocène-alumoxane |
EP0485822A2 (fr) * | 1990-11-12 | 1992-05-20 | Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft | Procédé de préparation d'un polymère oléfinique à haut poids moléculaire |
EP0702030A1 (fr) * | 1991-05-27 | 1996-03-20 | Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft | Procédé de préparation de polyoléfines à large répartition de poids moléculaire |
WO1994011406A1 (fr) * | 1992-11-11 | 1994-05-26 | Dsm N.V. | Composes d'indenyle et constituants catalytiques destines a la polymerisation des olefines |
EP0643078A2 (fr) * | 1993-09-13 | 1995-03-15 | Montell Technology Company bv | Procédé de préparation de polymères d'éthylène et produits ainsi obtenus |
EP0659773A1 (fr) * | 1993-12-21 | 1995-06-28 | Union Carbide Chemicals & Plastics Technology Corporation | Préparation de polyoléfines possédant des ramifications à chaîne longue par un procédé en phase gazeuse |
WO1995030698A1 (fr) * | 1994-05-06 | 1995-11-16 | Dsm N.V. | Procede de preparation d'un polymere elastomere a partir d'ethylene, d'une alpha-olefine et eventuellement d'un diene |
EP0709405A1 (fr) * | 1994-10-25 | 1996-05-01 | Tosoh Corporation | Procédé de préparation de polymères d'oléfines |
EP0745615A1 (fr) * | 1994-12-20 | 1996-12-04 | Mitsui Petrochemical Industries, Ltd. | Procede de production de polymere d'ethylene et polymere d'ethylene obtenu |
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