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WO1997039261A1 - Piston composite destine a etre utilise dans des moteurs, des compresseurs ou des pompes endothermiques - Google Patents

Piston composite destine a etre utilise dans des moteurs, des compresseurs ou des pompes endothermiques Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1997039261A1
WO1997039261A1 PCT/EP1997/001969 EP9701969W WO9739261A1 WO 1997039261 A1 WO1997039261 A1 WO 1997039261A1 EP 9701969 W EP9701969 W EP 9701969W WO 9739261 A1 WO9739261 A1 WO 9739261A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
piston
skirt
cover
ring
seal
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP1997/001969
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Gianangelo Taschini
Original Assignee
Tecnomeccanica Treviglio Di Taschini Gianangelo
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Tecnomeccanica Treviglio Di Taschini Gianangelo filed Critical Tecnomeccanica Treviglio Di Taschini Gianangelo
Priority to AU27657/97A priority Critical patent/AU2765797A/en
Publication of WO1997039261A1 publication Critical patent/WO1997039261A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F3/00—Pistons 
    • F02F3/0015—Multi-part pistons
    • F02F3/0069—Multi-part pistons the crown and skirt being interconnected by the gudgeon pin
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
    • F16J1/00—Pistons; Trunk pistons; Plungers
    • F16J1/005—Pistons; Trunk pistons; Plungers obtained by assembling several pieces
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
    • F16J9/00—Piston-rings, e.g. non-metallic piston-rings, seats therefor; Ring sealings of similar construction
    • F16J9/04—Helical rings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05C—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO MATERIALS, MATERIAL PROPERTIES OR MATERIAL CHARACTERISTICS FOR MACHINES, ENGINES OR PUMPS OTHER THAN NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F05C2201/00—Metals
    • F05C2201/02—Light metals
    • F05C2201/021—Aluminium
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05C—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO MATERIALS, MATERIAL PROPERTIES OR MATERIAL CHARACTERISTICS FOR MACHINES, ENGINES OR PUMPS OTHER THAN NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F05C2201/00—Metals
    • F05C2201/04—Heavy metals
    • F05C2201/0433—Iron group; Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel
    • F05C2201/0448—Steel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05C—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO MATERIALS, MATERIAL PROPERTIES OR MATERIAL CHARACTERISTICS FOR MACHINES, ENGINES OR PUMPS OTHER THAN NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F05C2203/00—Non-metallic inorganic materials
    • F05C2203/08—Ceramics; Oxides
    • F05C2203/0865—Oxide ceramics
    • F05C2203/0882—Carbon, e.g. graphite

Definitions

  • This invention refers to a composite or modular piston for use on endothermic motors, compressors and pumps.
  • pistons are mainly formed by a cylindrical bell-shaped body with seal rings on its head.
  • the side surface forming the piston skirt is subject to heavy creeping inside the cylinder. As a result, many situations require to have this surface covered by special alloys to reduce wear and friction.
  • Fig. 1 is a diametral section view of a piston associated with a connecting rod small end and a piston pin, consisting of two parts with some piston seal rings enclosed.
  • - Fig. 2 is a diametral section view of a piston consisting of two external parts joined by a third internal part for the anchoring of a constraint piston pin of a connecting rod small end.
  • - Fig. 3 is a diametral section view of a piston consisting of various parts, joined by a common supporting piston pin of a connecting rod small end;
  • Fig. 4 represents a partially sectioned side view of a seal ring in a preferred embodiment of the invention, with closed turns;
  • Fig. 5 represents a schematic view being similar to Fig. 4, wherein the seal ring with closed turns is mounted on a piston, this latter being represented in section;
  • a piston 1 consists of a cover 2 and a skirt 3.
  • the cover 2 has two opposite projections extending lengthwise 4 over an arch of about 90°; which is enough for a hole 5 to house a piston pin 6 for the constraint of a connecting rod small end 7.
  • Said two projections 4 have an external cylindrical surface 9 coupled with the internal surface of the skirt 3 to provide for exact or slightly forced coupling.
  • the skirt 3 has a substantially radial hole 8, similar to the hole 5, suitable to house one of the two ends of the piston pin 6.
  • the cover is constrained both lengthwise and twistwise to the skirt 3. Since both parts are also coupled by the precision of their common cylindrical surface 9, the piston thus obtained will substantially be monolithic type; however, this has the advantage that before assembly both parts 2 and 3 will be able to enclose one or more seal rings 10 between two end flat plates 1 1 and 12 .
  • the continuity of the rings allows in fact stricter pressure tightness levels, since they can ensure a stricter roundness while the ring gap typical of the prior art can be removed.
  • said gaps have the purpose of generating centrifugal thrusts caused by the flexion pre-charge exerted by the cylinder walls on the retracted ends of the seal rings, this does not exclude that such a requirement is connected with the other need of retracting the single rings during their assembly stage for insertion in the slots.
  • Fig. 1 it can be easily understood how the cover 2 is obtained using a completely different material from the material used to manufacture the skirt 3.
  • the cover is directly in contact with combustion and operates in a high temperature environment, so it should form an isolating shield to avoid deflagration or combustion heat being dispersed over the motor structure instead of being converted to thrust pressures. Therefore, it can be manufactured in materials other than aluminum, but light and resistant. Ceramics would be an example of such materials.
  • the small surface of the projections 4 generating a thermal contact with the skirt causes a further difficulty for the thermal flow to dispersing surfaces, which means a general advantage for the thermodynamic output.
  • the skirt 3 operates at a low temperature, it can be manufactured with a very low friction alloy; according to the present state of the art, this material would not have been used as the same material would have been required for the piston head too.
  • a piston 13 has an internal structure 14 with diametral holes 15 to house a usual constraint pin 16 for a connecting rod small end 17.
  • Said internal structure 14 has a cover 18 anchored on its top and a skirt 19 on its lower part. These two parts define a circumferential slot wherein continuous seal rings 33 are housed, for instance according to the type mentioned above.
  • cover 18 and the skirt 19 have different materials to optimize their functions.
  • cover 18 and the skirt 19 be made of steel-sheet or equivalent material, their fastening to the internal structure 14 would be obtained by upsetting, i.e. by rolling appropriate areas 20 and 21, respectively.
  • the material of the internal structure 14 is elastomeric material, eg. polyurethane for spring manufacture, said anchorage may even be snap type by forcing the ring upsettings 20, 21 already available on the cover and the skirt inside the ring slots on the internal structure.
  • Such a spring snap fitting would obviously provide a flexible constraint suitable to withstand pull-off caused by inertial forces.
  • assembly of the piston pin on an elastomeric structure 14 or other material with suitable characteristics will reduce both the inertia forces on the piston pin and power forces progress related to fast combustion of the explosion stage.
  • the coupling between the cover and the skirt of the piston according to the invention could be obtained directly by means or a resilient material, being apt at reducing the vibrations between the said two components and the forces generated by the resultant of the connecting rod within the cylinder.
  • Said reciprocal fixing could be realized by means of an internal structure in an elastomeric material, for instance of the type which allows for a snap-fitting with the cover and the skirt.
  • a composite or modular piston 22 has an internal structure 23 on which a cover 24 is riveted on 25.
  • Said internal structure 23 comprises the holes 26 for the assembly of a constraint pin 27 for a connecting rod small end 28.
  • a spiral seal element with closed turns is represented, through a partially sectioned side view, for the use on the piston according to the present invention.
  • Said spiral seal element which is indicated as a whole with reference number 102, consists of a series of seal turns or rings; as it can be noticed, the end portions of the spiral have a shape which is different with respect to the central portion of the spiral.
  • the turns 103' being at the two ends of the spiral have an external diameter which is smaller than the diameter of the turns 103 of the intermediate or central portion of the spiral.
  • said thickness reduction is not limited to the end rings 103 ', but it can start already from the rings 103" being immediately adjacent to the end rings 103'. As shown, therefore, the reduced diameter portions of rings 103" defines, along with rings
  • FIG. 5 wherein the ring 102 is in view, while the relevant piston is represented in section.
  • the plate 105 of the cover 105A has a circumferential seat 1 16 and, similarly, a circumferential seat 117 is present in the skirt 106.
  • Turns 103' and the part of reduced diameter of turns 103" therefore realize their seal action on the walls of the circumferential seats 1 16 and 117, i.e. onto surfaces which are part of the piston 101, instead of the wall of the chamber within which the piston is inserted.
  • turns 103' can be interrupted at the end of the spiral even without the necessity of flattening their surfaces, inasmuch as this would not determine substantial seal losses or passages for oil or gas blow-by.
  • steps 115, and therefore of the extreme surfaces of the spiral, within the circumferential seats 1 16 and/or 1 17 eliminates the risks of piston seizures, which in the prior art are mainly due to the entrance of the ends of the traditional open piston rings in the ports being provided in the sliding wall of the chamber where the piston is inserted.
  • a first possible change of the spiral ring described with reference to Figs. 4 and 5 is represented.
  • the seal turns of the piston ring 102 being generally indicated with 103, are distinctly inclined with respect to the axis of the piston 101 , so that their surface can be advantageously bigger, while the distance between the piston and the relevant sliding chamber remains the same. In this way, it is therefore possible to have seal surfaces being wider and is also possible to increase the adhesion of the piston ring 102 on the wall of the sliding chamber, either during the compression and the combustion phase, in the case of combustion engine.
  • a spacer 118 having preferably the shape of a closed ring, is interposed between said two seal elements 102.
  • the spacer 1 18 is provided with opposite circumferential seats 119, substantially similar to the above mentioned seats 116 and/or 117, wherein the lower step 1 15 of the upper seal element 102, and the upper step 1 15 of the lower seal element 102 are inserted.
  • each end portion of the seal ring can be realized by a sort of tubular element, wherein a reduction of the external diameter is obtained; in this way, at least two parts having a different diameter could be defined, and therefore the cited step to be inserted within the suitable seat provided in the cover and/or the skirt and/or the spacers of the piston.
  • Said embodiment can obviously be realized only in the case of composite or modular pistons, where the recess for housing the piston ring is defined in the junction point between the cover and the skirt.
  • a further possible change is that of realizing the end turns of the piston ring, and eventually the adjacent turns, so as to define a plurality of steps, in order to increase the gas tightness; it is clear that, in this case, the seat being provided in the cover and/or the skirt and/or the spacers of the piston will have a shape suitable for receiving said plurality of steps. It is finally clear that the described elastic piston ring could be used on composite or modular piston being different with respect to the piston described in Fig. 1, without departing form the idea of mounting the elastic piston ring between two components (cover and skirts) which are then reciprocally joined.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Pistons, Piston Rings, And Cylinders (AREA)
  • Compressor (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un piston destiné à être utilisé dans des moteurs, des compresseurs ou des pompes endothermiques. Ce piston est constitué de plusieurs parties (2, 3) permettant l'assemblage d'anneaux (10) d'étanchéité entiers. L'invention se rapporte également à l'utilisation éventuelle de matériaux optimaux convenant plus particulièrement à chacun des domaines d'application dudit piston, afin de réduire le poids dudit piston et d'accroître son efficacité.
PCT/EP1997/001969 1996-04-18 1997-04-18 Piston composite destine a etre utilise dans des moteurs, des compresseurs ou des pompes endothermiques WO1997039261A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU27657/97A AU2765797A (en) 1996-04-18 1997-04-18 Composite piston for the use on endothermic motors, compressors and pumps

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT96BG000019A IT1287044B1 (it) 1996-04-18 1996-04-18 Pistone composito,ad uso di motori endotermici,compressori e pompe
ITBG96A000019 1996-04-18

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1997039261A1 true WO1997039261A1 (fr) 1997-10-23

Family

ID=11336436

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP1997/001969 WO1997039261A1 (fr) 1996-04-18 1997-04-18 Piston composite destine a etre utilise dans des moteurs, des compresseurs ou des pompes endothermiques

Country Status (3)

Country Link
AU (1) AU2765797A (fr)
IT (1) IT1287044B1 (fr)
WO (1) WO1997039261A1 (fr)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10352970A1 (de) * 2003-11-13 2005-06-09 Pfeiffer Vacuum Gmbh Dichtungsanordnung für ein Zylinder-Kolben-System
RU2315886C1 (ru) * 2006-04-18 2008-01-27 Темиров Иван Андреевич Составной поршень (варианты)
EP2639438A1 (fr) * 2012-03-13 2013-09-18 Wärtsilä Schweiz AG Piston et dispositif de distribution de lubrifiant pour moteur à combustion à piston alternatif
JP2021156205A (ja) * 2020-03-26 2021-10-07 本田技研工業株式会社 分割型ピストン

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE491444C (de) * 1928-04-20 1930-02-10 Carl Viktor Allenspach Abdichtung von Kolben
GB380800A (en) * 1931-06-18 1932-09-19 John William Howlett Improvements in and relating to pistons
US1965417A (en) * 1931-04-13 1934-07-03 Matthew G Kurth Piston and packing ring
US2221966A (en) * 1939-06-06 1940-11-19 Elder Frederick Assembled engine piston
GB705123A (en) * 1952-02-01 1954-03-10 Ramsey Corp Improvements in or relating to piston packing ring
US4440069A (en) * 1982-06-11 1984-04-03 Standard Oil Corporation (Indiana) Composite piston and process

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE491444C (de) * 1928-04-20 1930-02-10 Carl Viktor Allenspach Abdichtung von Kolben
US1965417A (en) * 1931-04-13 1934-07-03 Matthew G Kurth Piston and packing ring
GB380800A (en) * 1931-06-18 1932-09-19 John William Howlett Improvements in and relating to pistons
US2221966A (en) * 1939-06-06 1940-11-19 Elder Frederick Assembled engine piston
GB705123A (en) * 1952-02-01 1954-03-10 Ramsey Corp Improvements in or relating to piston packing ring
US4440069A (en) * 1982-06-11 1984-04-03 Standard Oil Corporation (Indiana) Composite piston and process

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10352970A1 (de) * 2003-11-13 2005-06-09 Pfeiffer Vacuum Gmbh Dichtungsanordnung für ein Zylinder-Kolben-System
RU2315886C1 (ru) * 2006-04-18 2008-01-27 Темиров Иван Андреевич Составной поршень (варианты)
EP2639438A1 (fr) * 2012-03-13 2013-09-18 Wärtsilä Schweiz AG Piston et dispositif de distribution de lubrifiant pour moteur à combustion à piston alternatif
JP2021156205A (ja) * 2020-03-26 2021-10-07 本田技研工業株式会社 分割型ピストン

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU2765797A (en) 1997-11-07
IT1287044B1 (it) 1998-07-30
ITBG960019A1 (it) 1997-10-18

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