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WO1997031963A1 - Amines polymeres et compositions polymeres epoxy reactives - Google Patents

Amines polymeres et compositions polymeres epoxy reactives Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1997031963A1
WO1997031963A1 PCT/US1997/002694 US9702694W WO9731963A1 WO 1997031963 A1 WO1997031963 A1 WO 1997031963A1 US 9702694 W US9702694 W US 9702694W WO 9731963 A1 WO9731963 A1 WO 9731963A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
amine
epoxy
emulsion
terminated
reaction product
Prior art date
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PCT/US1997/002694
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Dieter H. Klein
Hans Juergen Wessely
Karin C. Joerg
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The Dow Chemical Company
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Publication date
Application filed by The Dow Chemical Company filed Critical The Dow Chemical Company
Priority to EP97907737A priority Critical patent/EP0883639A1/fr
Priority to JP9531010A priority patent/JP2000505497A/ja
Priority to US09/117,007 priority patent/US6245835B1/en
Publication of WO1997031963A1 publication Critical patent/WO1997031963A1/fr

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D163/00—Coating compositions based on epoxy resins; Coating compositions based on derivatives of epoxy resins
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G59/00—Polycondensates containing more than one epoxy group per molecule; Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups
    • C08G59/02—Polycondensates containing more than one epoxy group per molecule
    • C08G59/04—Polycondensates containing more than one epoxy group per molecule of polyhydroxy compounds with epihalohydrins or precursors thereof
    • C08G59/06—Polycondensates containing more than one epoxy group per molecule of polyhydroxy compounds with epihalohydrins or precursors thereof of polyhydric phenols
    • C08G59/066—Polycondensates containing more than one epoxy group per molecule of polyhydroxy compounds with epihalohydrins or precursors thereof of polyhydric phenols with chain extension or advancing agents
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G59/00—Polycondensates containing more than one epoxy group per molecule; Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups
    • C08G59/18—Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups ; e.g. general methods of curing
    • C08G59/182—Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups ; e.g. general methods of curing using pre-adducts of epoxy compounds with curing agents
    • C08G59/184—Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups ; e.g. general methods of curing using pre-adducts of epoxy compounds with curing agents with amines
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G59/00—Polycondensates containing more than one epoxy group per molecule; Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups
    • C08G59/18—Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups ; e.g. general methods of curing
    • C08G59/20—Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups ; e.g. general methods of curing characterised by the epoxy compounds used
    • C08G59/22—Di-epoxy compounds
    • C08G59/226—Mixtures of di-epoxy compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G59/00—Polycondensates containing more than one epoxy group per molecule; Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups
    • C08G59/18—Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups ; e.g. general methods of curing
    • C08G59/20—Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups ; e.g. general methods of curing characterised by the epoxy compounds used
    • C08G59/32—Epoxy compounds containing three or more epoxy groups
    • C08G59/38—Epoxy compounds containing three or more epoxy groups together with di-epoxy compounds

Definitions

  • the invention relates to reactive epoxy polymer compositions emulsified in water comprising an emulsified reactive polymer curing composition and a polymeric epoxy emulsion.
  • the invention relates to a process for preparing such water emulsified reactive polymer compositions.
  • the invention relates to cured coatings resulting from further reaction of the water emulsified reactive polymer compositions on a suitable substrate.
  • Two-part epoxy resin based coating systems generally comprise a curable epoxy resin and a curing agent for the epoxy resin, and are commonly dispersed or dissolved in a solvent, primarily an organic solvent, to prepare coating compositions, for example, paints and floor sealants.
  • a solvent primarily an organic solvent
  • the use of such organic solvent-based coating compositions is discouraged on environmental grounds.
  • such cured epoxy resin-based coatings provide hard and abrasion resistant coatings which are resistant to, among others, hydrocarbons and aqueous media.
  • Water-based resin systems consisting of an epoxy resin and a curing agent dissolved or emulsified in water have been developed, and create less environmental and health concerns. The development of such systems is reviewed by Chou (Polymers Paint Colour Journal, Vol. 184, 1994, pp 413-417). Water-based resin systems are described in U.S.-Patent-4,289,826, in GB-A-1 ,533,825, and in GB-A-1 ,380,108.
  • Known two-part water-based epoxy resin emulsion coating compositions have significant disadvantages as described by Chou. In particular, the deficiencies of amidoamine adducts or modified polyamines which disperse liquid epoxy resin at the point of application is clearly described.
  • U.S. Patent 5,118,729 describes improved aqueous epoxy dispersions obtained by grafting an emulsifier containing polyoxyethylene residues by reaction on to a terminal epoxy-reactive group of the epoxy molecule prior to dispersion.
  • U.S. Patent 5,344,856 describes an emulsifiable epoxy resin composition which forms a water stable emulsion comprising the reaction product of a polyepoxide type compound with nominally difunctional C 1236 fatty acids, dispersed by means of the addition of a surfactant, wherein the surfactant comprises an alkyl aryloxy poly (propyleneoxy) poly (ethyleneoxy) ethanol or a C, 23 ⁇ hydrocarbyloxy poly (propyleneoxy) poly (ethyleneoxy) ethanol, wherein the hydrocarbyloxy moiety is the residue of a C, 236 fatty alcohol or C, 236 fatty acid: standard chain-terminating agents may be employed.
  • U.S. Patent 3,297,519 describes epoxy resins which are self- dispersible in water without further dispersing aids in a concentration up to 10 percent by weight.
  • the resins described are selected glycidyl ethers based on bisphenol-A containing tailored blocks of polyoxyethylene bridging the two bisphenol-A residues in the molecule. These products are used as components of paper finishes.
  • U.S. Patent 5,319,004 describes water dispersible hardeners for epoxy resins produced from the reaction of specific polyamidoamides with specific polyamines and specific adducts of polyepoxy compounds with polyalkylene polyether polyols.
  • WO-A-9501387 describes the preparation of self-dispersible curable epoxy compositions prepared by the reaction of an epoxy resin with a polyhydric phenol and an amine-epoxy adduct: the amine-epoxy adduct is a reaction product of an aliphatic polyepoxide and a polyoxyalkyleneamine.
  • the products described are asserted to require a catalyst to promote the amine-epoxy adduct reaction with the polyhydric phenol and epoxy resin, and the dispersion of the self-dispersible, curable epoxy resin is stated to require high shear in specially designed equipment.
  • Specific reaction sequencing is stated to be necessary in order to avoid post-addition of the amine-epoxy adduct to the epoxy resin Such post addition of the amine-epoxy adduct is said to lead to unstable aqueous dispersions.
  • DE-A-4405148 describes water-dispersible epoxy compositions derived from the reaction of aromatic epoxy resins, bisphenol-A and polyglycidyl ether polyepoxides, which resins may be cured with conventional amine curing agents for aqueous systems. Dispersion of the water dispersible epoxy compositions are stated to require high shear.
  • JP-A-H6-179801 describes water-based curable epoxy resin compositions prepared from an epoxy resin, a self-emulsifiable active organic amine curing agent and water. Ease of dispersion is obtained by choice of the curing agent. The application of the technology described to epoxy resins with an epoxy equivalent weight of less than 200 is asserted to yield coatings having good leveling and film forming properties.
  • EP-A- EP 0617726 describes a water-miscible or soluble amine- terminated resin useful as a curing agent for water-dispersible epoxy resins which amine-terminated resin is the reaction product of: 1 ) a polyamine component comprising one or more hydrophilic amine-terminated polyalkylene glycols, and, optionally, one or more hydrophobic polyamines; 2) a polyepoxide derived from a polyalkylene glycol or cycloalkylene glycol, and optionally hydrophobic polyglycidyl ethers, and, optionally, an amine extender having two active amine hydrogen atoms, and reaction products therefrom; 3) optionally a reactive diluent; and 4) optionally a catalyst for the reaction of an amine with an epoxy resin.
  • aqueous dispersions of emulsified reactive polymer compositions derived from epoxy resins with an epoxy equivalent weight greater than 350 and aqueous dispersed or dispersible curing agents, is generally difficult. Dispersions of such compositions containing no solvent, exhibit a viscosity higher than optimal. In particular, two- component pre-dispersed compositions are desired which cure at low ambient temperature to provide final coatings with good mechanical properties.
  • emulsified-reactive epoxy polymer compositions which can be produced in presently employed industrial reactors. It is also desirable that such reactive epoxy polymer compositions should be stable without addition of acid or a significant quantity of organic solvent, in order to optimize final coating properties. It is further desirable that such reactive epoxy polymer compositions should also accept and disperse the commonly used hydrophobic curing agents, which may be required in certain applications to allow economically attractive low ambient temperature curing while still providing final coatings with excellent mechanical properties.
  • the present invention provides a reactive polymer emulsion composition (I) preparable by: (i) reacting a) a polyoxyalkylenediamine (V) and b) optionally at least one further amine, with c) at least one polyepoxide (II), d) at least one polyoxyaikylene glycol diglycidyl ether (III), e) optionally a polyhydroxy hydrocarbon (IX), and f) optionally an advancement catalyst (XI), to produce an amine-terminated reaction product (VI), ( ⁇ ) emulsifying the amine-terminated reaction product (VI) in water to provide an aqueous emulsion (VII) of the amine-terminated reaction product; and (iv) dispersing or dissolving in the said emulsion (VII) an epoxy- terminated polymeric material to provide a reactive polymer emulsion (I).
  • the invention also provides a process for preparing a reactive polymer emulsion composition which process comprises: (i) reacting a) a polyoxyalkylenediamine and b) optionally at least one further amine, c) at least one polyepoxide, d) at least one polyoxyaikylene glycol diglycidyl ether, e) optionally a polyhydroxy hydrocarbon, and f) optionally an advancement catalyst, to produce an amine-terminated reaction product,
  • the invention provides an amine-terminated polymeric amino-epoxy adduct preparable by- ( ⁇ ) reacting a) a polyoxyalkylenediamine and b) optionally at least one further amine, with c) at least one polyepoxide, d) at least one polyoxyaikylene glycol diglycidyl ether, e) optionally a polyhydroxy hydrocarbon, and f) optionally an advancement catalyst, to produce an amine-terminated polymeric amino-epoxy adduct, and (ii) emulsifying the amine-terminated reaction product in water to provide an aqueous emulsion of the amine-terminated reaction product.
  • the invention is a coating composition comprising the cured product derived by curing the emulsified reactive epoxy polymer composition (I).
  • the emulsified reactive polymer composition (I) demonstrates good stability, wettability and viscosity characteristics. Furthermore, the coatings prepared from the emulsified reactive epoxy polymer composition (I) demonstrate good adhesion coalescence, flexibility, resiliency and toughness.
  • emulsion is used herein to indicate a stable mixture, wherein in the polymeric epoxy emulsion reaction product (VII) or the dispersion of curing agent (XII), the continuous phase is water and the dispersed phase is the emulsified reactive epoxy polymer composition or the curing agent (XII).
  • emulsifiable as used herein describes matter which is capable of forming a stable oil in water emulsion.
  • emulsified indicates matter present in the dispersed phase.
  • stable emulsion refers to an emulsion in which the dispersed components do not settle to the bottom and form a solid cake at ambient temperature for a period of six months at 23°C.
  • stable emulsion does not exclude compositions in which some settling of particles with time to form a soft deposit which is easily redispersible by agitation occurs. This six months emulsion stability at 23°C may be simulated in a test where emulsion stability over a four week period at 40 C C is observed.
  • reactive polymer is used herein to indicate a polymeric species capable of further chemical reaction by virtue of reactive-functional groups present within the polymer backbone, pendant to the polymer chain or terminal to the polymer chain.
  • polyepoxide indicates a compound which contains, on average, more than one epoxy moiety per molecule. Also included are partially advanced epoxy resins, that is, the reaction product of a polyepoxide and a polyhydroxy hydrocarbon compound wherein the reaction product has an average of more than one unreacted epoxide unit per molecule.
  • Polyepoxides polyglycidyl ethers of a polyhydroxy hydrocarbon
  • Such preparation is well known in the art. See Kirk- Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology 3rd Ed. Vol. 9 pp. 267 - 289.
  • the epihalohydrins correspond to Formula 1 wherein:
  • Y is a halogen, preferably chloro or bromo, and most preferably chloro;
  • R is hydrogen or C, .u alkyl, and more preferably methyl.
  • polyhydroxy hydrocarbon indicates a compound with a hydrocarbon backbone and on average more than one primary or secondary hydroxy moiety, preferably the average hydroxy moieties per hydrocarbon molecule is two or more.
  • Halogenated polyhydroxy hydrocarbon means herein a polyhydroxy hydrocarbon which is substituted with one or more halogens. The hydroxyl moieties may be bound to aromatic aliphatic or cycloaliphatic moieties.
  • preferred classes of polyhydroxy hydrocarbons and halogenated polyhydroxy hydrocarbons are the bisphenols; halogenated bisphenols; hydrogenated bisphenols; and novolac resins, that is, the reaction product of phenols and simple aldehydes, preferably formaldehyde.
  • the reaction product of phenol and an aldehyde, preferably formaldehyde is a well-known product, as is the process for its production. Such a product is commonly referred to as a novolac resin.
  • Preferred polyhydroxy hydrocarbons (IX) useful in this invention correspond to Formula 2 ⁇ ° H 1 wherein:
  • A is an aryl moiety; aryl moiety substituted with an alkyl or halo moiety; a polyaryl moiety wherein the aryl moieties are connected by direct bonds, alkylene, haloalkylene, cycloalkylene, carbonyl, sulfonyl, sulfinyl, oxygen, or sulfur, such poly aryl moieties being optionally substituted with one or more alkyl or halo moieties; or the oligomeric reaction product of an aldehyde and phenol;
  • u is greater than 1.
  • u is from greater than 1 to 10, even more preferably from greater than 1 to 3, and most preferably, from 1.9 to 2.1.
  • More preferred polyhydroxy hydrocarbons and halogenated polyhydroxy hydrocarbons include those corresponding to Formulas 3 to 6:
  • R' is separately in each occurrence C,., 0 alkylene, C,. l0 haloalkylene, C 4 ., 0 cycloalkylene, carbonyl, sulfonyl, sulfinyl, oxygen, sulfur, a direct bond or a moiety corresponding to Formula 7
  • R 2 is separately in each occurrence C 1 3 alkyl or a halogen
  • R 3 is separately in each occurrence C, .10 alkylene or C 550 cycloalkylene;
  • Q is separately in each occurrence a tetra valent C 1 10 hydrocarbyl moiety
  • Q' is separately in each occurrence hydrogen, cyano, or a C, .14 alkyl group
  • a is in each occurrence 0 or 1 ;
  • n is independently in each occurrence from 0 to 4.
  • m' is separately in each occurrence from 0 to 3;
  • s is from 0 to 3;
  • t is from 1 to 5. Even more preferable polyhydroxy hydrocarbons are those represented by Formulas 3, 4 and 5.
  • R 1 is preferably C,.. alkylene, C 1 3 haloalkylene, carbonyl, sulfur, or a direct bond; more preferably a direct bond, propylene, or fluorinated propylene
  • R 2 is preferably methyl, bromo or chloro; and most preferably methyl or bromo.
  • R 3 is preferably C, .3 alkylene or polycyclic moiety corresponding to Formula 8
  • t is from 1 to 5 inclusive, preferably from 1 to 3, and most preferably 1.
  • m' is from 0 to 2.
  • m is from 0 to 2.
  • dihydroxy phenols include those which contain substituents that are non-reactive with the phenolic groups.
  • Illustrative of such phenols are 2,2- bis(3,5-dibromo-4-hydroxyphenyl) propane; 2,2-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl) propane; 2,2- bis(3,5-dichloro-4-hydroxyphenyl) propane; bis(4-hydroxyphenyl) methane; 1 ,1 -bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)-1 -phenylethane; 1,1 '-bis(2,6-
  • dihydroxy phenolic compounds are 2,2-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl) propane (bisphenol A), 2,2-bis(4- hydroxyphenyl) methane (bisphenol F) and 2,2-bis(4-hydroxy-3,5-dibromophenyl) propane.
  • Cycloalkylene as used herein refers to monocyclic and polycyclic hydrocarbon moieties.
  • haloalkyl refers to a compound with a carbon chain and one or more of the hydrogens replaced with a halogen. Haloalkyl also means compounds wherein all of the hydrogen atoms have been replaced by halogen atoms.
  • Alkylene as used herein refers to a divalent alkyl moiety. The polyepoxides useful in the invention preferably correspond to
  • the polyepoxides are chosen such that the reaction product (VI) is not significantly crosslinked.
  • Such highly crosslinked reaction products form gels and do not form good coatings. Some branching may be present as long as the reaction product (VI) does not form a gel.
  • the polyepoxides more preferably correspond to one of Formulas 10 to 13.
  • R, R', R 2 , R 3 , a, m, m', s and t are as defined previously; r is from 0 to 40. Preferably, r is from 0 to 10, and most preferably 1 to 5.
  • the symbols, a, m, m', r, s, and t may represent an average number, as the compounds to which they refer are generally found as a mixture of compounds with a distribution of the units to which the symbols refer.
  • reaction product (VI) If a polyepoxide corresponding to Formula 12 is used in the preparation of reaction product (VI), then s should be chosen such that the reaction product is not crosslinked to a stage that gel formation occurs. Preferably, s is from 0 to 2.
  • Polyoxyaikylene glycol diglycidyl ether (III) as used herein refers to a compound or a mixture of compounds which contains, on average, more than one epoxy moiety per molecule, and which may be prepared by reacting an epihatohydrin corresponding to Formula (1 ) with one or more polyhydroxy compounds or halogenated polyhydroxy compounds corresponding to Formula (14)
  • R 4 is separately in each occurrence hydrogen, methyl, halomethyl, or ethyl, with a proviso that if one R 4 on an alkoxy unit is ethyl the other must be hydrogen;
  • q is a positive real number of 1 to 400.
  • q is a positive real number between 20 and 350, more preferably between 40 and 300.
  • the symbol q represents an average number, as the compounds to which it refers are generally found as a mixture of compounds with a distribution of units to which q refers.
  • polyoxyaikylene glycol diglycidyl ethers (III) correspond to
  • R, R" and q are as defined previously.
  • reaction product (VI) the polyepoxide (II) used preferably corresponds to Formulas 10, 11 , or 12, and the polyoxyaikylene glycol diglycidyl ether (III) corresponds to the Formula 15.
  • the polyepoxide (II) used in reaction product (VI) is from 85 to 99.5 percent by weight of polyepoxides corresponding to Formulas 10, 1 1 , and 12, and 0.5 to 15 percent by weight of the polyoxyaikylene glycol diglycidyl ether (III) corresponding to Formula 15.
  • 85 to 99.5 percent of the polyepoxide used in reaction product (VI) corresponds to Formula 10 and 0.5 to 15 percent of the polyoxyaikylene glycol diglycidyl ethers (III) corresponds to Formula 15.
  • the amine composition (V) is present in sufficient quantity such that in combination with the polyoxyaikylene glycol diglycidyl ether (III) the polymeric epoxy reaction product (I) has sufficient hydrophilic-lipophilic balance that the polymeric epoxy reaction product (I) is water dispersible. Hydrophilic (poly)amines or hydrophobic (poly)amines may be present in the amine composition.
  • the polyoxyaikylene diamine (V) is a polyalkylene glycol terminated with primary or secondary amine moieties.
  • the polyalkylene glycol chains useful herein can comprise units derived from C 28 oxides, or C 28 glycols, including for example: ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, butylene oxide, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, butylene glycol, a butane diol (such as 1 ,4-butane diol), tetrahydrofuran, a propane diol (such as 1 ,2- or 1 ,3-propane diol) or a mixture thereof.
  • the polyoxyaikylene glycol chain is comprised of units derived from ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, a mixture of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide, or tetrahydrofuran and more preferably of units derived from ethylene oxide or a mixture of units derived from ethylene oxide and propylene oxide.
  • the arrangement of the different alkylene oxide units may be random or in blocks of the same alkylene oxide.
  • the polyoxyaikylene diamine requires sufficient alkylene oxide derived units so that polyoxyaikylene diamine and hydrophilic polyepoxides present render the final amine terminated resin water soluble or miscible.
  • the polyoxyaikylene diamine has an average molecular weight of from 200 to 4000, and more preferably of from 300 to 3000.
  • the polyoxyaikylene diamine useful in the invention corresponds to the Formula 16
  • R 10 is independently in each occurrence hydrogen, methyl or ethyl;
  • R" is independently in each occurrence a C 1 10 straight- or branched- chain alkylene, C 1 10 straight- or branched-chain alkenylene, or a C 5.
  • R 13 is independently in each occurrence a C,., 0 straight- or branched- chain alkyl moiety or hydrogen;
  • Z is independently in each occurrence oxygen or
  • X is independently in each occurrence a straight- or branched-chain C, 6 alkyl moiety; c is independently in each occurrence 1 or greater; b is independently in each occurrence 2 or 3; f is independently in each occurrence from 2 to 4; and h is independently in each occurrence 0 or 1 ; with the proviso that for each
  • R 10 is hydrogen
  • Z is oxygen.
  • X is a C 2.4 alkylene moiety.
  • R'° is hydrogen or methyl and more preferably hydrogen.
  • R" is a C 0 straight- or branched-chain alkylene moiety and more preferably a C 24 alkylene moiety.
  • c is from 2 to 6 and more preferably from 2.6 to 3.
  • b is 2.
  • h is 0.
  • polyoxyaikylene diamines are well known in the art.
  • preferred polyoxyaikylene diamines are the polyamines available from Texaco Chemical Company (Houston, TX USA) under the trade name JEFFAMINE, for example, JEFFAMINE D 400, JEFFAMINE D 2000.
  • the additional amines which may optionally or alternatively be present include amines containing at least one primary or secondary amine moiety which are capable of reacting with an epoxy resin.
  • the such polyamines correspond to Formulas 17 or 18
  • R 12 is independently in each occurrence cyclohexyl, substituted cyclohexyl, heterocydic or a C, ⁇ hydrocarbylene moiety, which may be substituted with a non-interfering substituent and which may contain one or more secondary amines, ether, amine or thioether moieties in the backbone.
  • R' 2 is preferably cyclohexyl, substituted cyclohexyl, heterocydic or a C 28 hydrocarbylene moiety, optionally containing amide or secondary amino moieties in the backbone.
  • R' 3 is preferably hydrogen or a C straight- or branched-chain alkylene moiety. In Formula 16, R' 3 is most preferably hydrogen.
  • R' 4 is preferably a C, 25 linear, branched, alicyclic or poiyalicyclic moiety. Examples of preferred amines include cyclic diamines such as isophorone diamine.
  • These polyamines are included in the composition in sufficient amounts to enhance the final mechanical properties of the coatings prepared upon cure. Attention to the hydrophobicity of the R 12 , R' 3 , R 14 substituents is necessary, otherwise they may overwhelm the hydrophilic character of the amine group(s), and other hydrophilic emulsifying moieties. The final resin may not be sufficiently emulsifiable in water.
  • Aqueous epoxy functional polymeric emulsion (VII) as used herein refers to a dispersion of epoxy-terminated molecules as particles in water in the size range typified as an emulsion prepared as described in this invention.
  • resin emulsions with small droplet diameters of a median value of about 1.5 micrometers.
  • a distribution of droplet diameters is obtained for the polymeric epoxy emulsion particles of from 0.8 to 7.0 micrometers.
  • Some settlement may occur on prolonged standing or when the emulsions are highly dilute. This settlement is easily reversible by thorough stirring at low shear, for example, hand stirring is sufficient for up to 20 liters.
  • epoxy functional species which are soluble or dispersible in the aqueous amine functional polymeric amino- epoxy adduct emulsion (VI) may be employed.
  • the polyhydroxy hydrocarbon (IX) means herein a compound with a hydrocarbon backbone and on average more than one primary or secondary hydroxy moiety, preferably two or more.
  • Halogenated polyhydroxy hydrocarbon means herein a polyhydroxy hydrocarbon which is substituted with one or more halogens.
  • the hydroxyl moieties may be bound to aromatic aliphatic or cycloaliphatic moieties.
  • polyhydroxy hydrocarbons and halogenated polyhydroxy hydrocarbons are the bisphenols; halogenated bisphenols; hydrogenated bisphenols; novolac resins, that is, the reaction product of phenols and simple aldehydes, preferably formaldehyde; and polyalkylene glycols.
  • the reaction product of phenol and an aldehyde, preferably formaldehyde is a well-known product, as is the process for its production. Such a product is commonly referred to as a novolac resin.
  • the emulsifiable composition comprising reaction product (VI) may further comprise a protic solvent (X), present in sufficient amounts to stabilize the emulsion in water.
  • a protic solvent (X) present in amounts of up to 10 weight parts, more preferably 0 to 5 weight, and most preferably from 0 to 1.5 weight parts of solvent per 100 weight parts of reaction product (VI).
  • Preferred protic solvents (X) include glycols based on alkylene glycols, and ethers thereof, alkyl or hydroxyalkyl-substituted benzenes, lower alkanols, ⁇ -butyrolactone, ⁇ -caprolactone and n-methyl pyrrolidone.
  • the preferred alkylene glycols are those based on ethylene, propylene, and butylene oxide.
  • the glycol ethers are alkyl ethers of such glycols.
  • Preferred glycols are those based on propylene oxide and butylene oxide, with preferred glycol ethers being C,. 4 alkyl ethers of propylene and butylene glycols.
  • the most preferred glycol ethers are the C 1 4 alkyl ethers of propylene glycol.
  • Examples of the preferred solvents are methyl ether of propylene glycol, benzyl alcohol, isopropyl alcohol, butyrolactone, ⁇ -caprolactone, n-methyl pyrrolidone, and xylene.
  • Catalysts (XI) which may be employed to facilitate the preparation of reaction product (VI) by advancement of the polyepoxide compound with the one or more polyhydroxy hydrocarbons are those known to those skilled in the art for the reaction of epoxy moieties with active hydrogen-containing compounds.
  • useful catalysts include zinc carboxylate, organozinc chelate compound, trialkyl aluminum, quaternary phosphonium and ammonium salts, tertiary amines and imidazole compounds.
  • the catalyst is generally employed in an amount of from 0.01 to 2; preferably 0.02 to 1 , most preferably 0.02 to 0.1 , weight percent based on the combined weight of the polyepoxide compound (II) and the optional polyhydroxy hydrocarbons (IX) used.
  • aqueous amine functional polymeric amino-epoxy adduct emulsion VI
  • aqueous epoxy fundional polymeric emulsion VII
  • the epoxy resin composition of this invention is contacted with sufficient curing agents to cure the resin.
  • the ratio of (epoxy glycidyl ether) equivalents to equivalents of curing agent is from 0.5:1 and 2:1 ; more preferably
  • the emulsions of this invention may include pigments, dyes, stabilizers, plasticizer's and other conventional additives.
  • the formulation dispersion or emulsion in water has a solids level of from 40 to 80 percent, and most preferably from 50 to 70.
  • the emulsified reactive polymer compositions of this invention When used to form a coating, the emulsified reactive polymer compositions of this invention are contacted with a substrate. Water and any cosolvents used are then evaporated off to leave a coating. The coating will cure at ambient conditions in several days. Elevated temperatures may be used to speed up the cure of the coating composition. Such curing conditions are well known to those skilled in the art.
  • the coating composition may be contacted with the substrate by any means known in the art including spraying, pouring or roller-coating the formulation.
  • the quality of an applied and cured emulsified two-component epoxy binder system depends greatly on the quality of the emulsion, particularly on the droplet size and distribution. Emulsion quality particularly influences the film formation, drying time, water resistance, gloss, pigment binding capacity, yield, flexibility, adhesion and hardness.
  • emulsions In general it is preferable to produce emulsions with small droplet diameters of a medium value of about 1.5 micrometers. Usually a distribution of droplet diameter is obtained for the experimental emulsions of 0.8 and 7 micrometers. However, some settlement might occur on prolonged standing and when the emulsions are highly diluted. Therefore, thorough stirring of the emulsion is necessary before taking fractional amounts out of the container to avoid inconsistencies due to concentration differences.
  • this invention provides, as an aqueous dispersion, a blend of an aqueous amine-functional polymeric amino-epoxy adduct emulsion and an aqueousiy dispersed epoxy-functional composition.
  • this invention provides, as an aqueous dispersion, an amine-functional polymeric amino-epoxy adduct composition
  • an amine-functional polymeric amino-epoxy adduct composition comprising the reaction product of from 15 to 60 parts by weight, preferably 20 to 50 parts by weight, more preferably 25 to 45 parts by weight of one or more aromatic polyepoxides of average molecular weight greater than 250, from 5 to 50 parts by weight, preferably 7.5 to 45 parts by weight, more preferably 10 to 35 parts by weight of one or more polyoxypropylene diglycidyl ethers having an average molecular weight of 250 to 10,000, from 5 to 60 parts by weight, preferably from 15 to 50 parts by weight, more preferably from 20 to 45 parts by weight of one or more polyoxyalkylenediamines and from 10 to 90 parts by weight, preferably from 30 to 70 parts by weight, more preferably from 35 to 65 parts by weight of water, this adduct emulsion having an amino hydrogen equivalent weight (AHEW) of from
  • a further embodiment is a blend of this amino-epoxy adduct emulsion with an aqueous epoxy-terminated emulsion, which blend is a physically stable reactive emulsion: the mole ratio of amine terminated amino-epoxy adduct to aqueous epoxy terminated emulsion in the final product is from 0.8:1.0 to 1.0 to 0.8, preferably from 0.9:1.0 to 1.0:0.9.
  • the reactants are mixed over a period of from 10 to 180 minutes, preferably 15 to 150 minutes, at a temperature of between 50°C and 150°C, preferably 75°C to 120°C, without agitation and in the presence of a nitrogen blanket.
  • a controlled exotherm will occur.
  • a polyepoxide of epoxy equivalent weight (EEW) of between 350 and 1200, preferably between 400 and 1000, is prepared as described in the art by advancement of a liquid epoxy resin with a polyphenol in the presence of a suitable catalyst.
  • the partially advanced polyepoxide is cooled to between 70°C and 130°C, preferably between 80°C and 120°C, and utilized as one of the reactants for synthesis of the amine-terminated polymeric amino-epoxy emulsion described above.
  • hydrophilic or hydrophobic (poly)amines are blended with polyoxyalkylenediamines and further reacted as described above.
  • Further embodiments are cured coatings derived from the ambient cure of the aqueous emulsified reactive polymer compositions.
  • the stable aminic- terminated polymeric amino-epoxy adduct emulsion and an aqueousiy dispersed epoxy-terminated composition provide a stable emulsified reactive polymer composition, which, upon cure at a temperature between 5°C and 35°C, preferably between 10°C and 30°C, for a period of between 5 and 75 hours, preferably between 10 and 50 hours, at a relative humidity of between 10 and 100 percent, preferably of between 25 and 95 percent, provides a glossy cured film exhibiting good cure properties, good Pendulum Hardness resistance and good chemical resistance.
  • test methods used in evaluating cure characteristics and coating properties are also common in the industry and well known to those skilled in the art.
  • the specific test methods used are now referred to or described.
  • a rather low agitator speed of 2500 rpm were selected for the Dispermat FT (VMA Getzmann, Reichshof, Germany).
  • the curing agent and pigments were mixed at 2500 ⁇ m for 5 minutes.
  • milling was carried out under water cooling for 25 minutes at 2500 rpm.
  • the pigmented mixture was allowed to be stirred for another 5 minutes at 1000 ⁇ m.
  • Grindometer readings were taken from the pigment paste both after milling, and also on the following day in order to reconfirm the values. In some cases, air bubbles contained in the paste prevented an immediate measurement.
  • the average particle size of the pigment paste was ca. 10 micrometers.
  • Coatings were either drawn down with an Erichsen applicator (Erichsen, Hemer-Sundwig, Germany) or air-sprayed to a predetermined film thickness of 50 to 60 micrometers in a one-coat application for physical tests (curing rate, gloss, and flexibility). All chemical resistance tests were conducted on one coat applications of ca. 90 micrometers dry film thickness.
  • Erichsen applicator Engelsen, Hemer-Sundwig, Germany
  • Bonder steel 26 - 60 - 0C (190 mm x 105 mm x 0.75 mm) for physical tests.
  • Test panels were allowed to cure at ambient conditions (23°C/45 to 55 percent RH) on the following schedule prior to testing:
  • Cure under adverse conditions examines curing characteristics at 10°C and at very high humidity of ca. 80 percent RH (relative humidity). In this case panels are examined after removal from the test environment to determine any lasting adverse effects like flash rusting.
  • Through film drying time is a measure of the various stages and rates of film formation in the drying or curing of organic coatings for the purpose of comparing types of coatings or ingredient changes, or both.
  • the procedure followed is in principle covered by ASTM D1640-83, however here an Erichsen drying time recorder (Model 509, Erichsen, Hemer-Sundwig, Germany) is used. This is a recorder which pulls a needle with a constant speed over a glass bar on which a coating has been drawn.
  • This test monitors the resistance of a coating against MEK in the initial phase of cure as a function of the time elapsed after application. Coatings are prepared on steel and after the coating is tack free, the dry film thickness of the system to be tested and a reference system is determined. The dry film thickness should differ by not more than 10 percent.
  • the actual test is then performed as follows. The flat end of a 500 g hammer is covered with a piece of cotton-wool. The cotton-wool is soaked with MEK and a hammer is brought to one side of the panel. The hammer is moved back and forth over the whole coating, being one double rub. Care has to be taken not to put any additional pressure on the hammer.
  • Readings are made using a gloss meter (Type L, Dr. Lange, Berlin, Germany) and measured at 20 degree, 60 degree and 80 degree angles of reflection. Pendulum Hardness Development
  • This test method uses a pendulum damping tester as a measure of the rate of cure by means of hardness development of organic coatings that have been applied to acceptable plane rigid surfaces.
  • the test follows the proposal by ASTM D4366-84 method B: "Hardness of organic coatings by pendulum (Persoz) damping test.”
  • the cross-cut test is a simple empirical test to determine the adhesion of a one- or more-coat system on its substrate as well as the intercoat adhesion. This test was performed in accordance with ASTM D3359-83: "Measuring adhesion by tape test," method B. This method covers a procedure for assessing the adhesion of coating films to metallic substrates by applying and removing tape over cuts made in the film. In the examples described in this report TESAPACK 4124 tape is used. Resistance Against Slow Deformation/Erichsen Indentation
  • a piece of cotton-wool of approximately 1 cm diameter is saturated with the chemical against which the coating has to be tested.
  • the chemicals for this purpose were: deionized water, ethanol, xylene, toluene, gasoline, aqueous sodium hydroxide solution (10 percent weight.), aqueous acetic acid solution (10 percent weight), aqueous hydrochloric acid solution (10 percent weight) and aqueous sulfuric acid solution (10 percent weight).
  • the cotton-wool is covered with a glass lid of 50 mm diameter and a height of 30 mm which is sealed with silicon grease to the coating. Hourly or daily the appearance of the coating is judged by means of determining the degree of blistering, and discoloration,. The test is performed for one week. The results of blistering and visual surface test like color changes or softening have been monitored and rated on a scale of 0 (poorest) to 10 (best).
  • Tests were conducted in a salt-fog cabinet saturated with a fog from a 5 percent salt solution. Test temperature was 55°C. The panel was inscribed with the Greek letter lambda through to the substrate. Panels were examined after 500, 750 and 1000 hours exposure. Failure to protect the substrate is indicated by severe blistering or creepage from the scribe in excess of 6 mm. Humidity Resistance
  • Tests were conducted in a 40°C and 100 percent humidity cabinet. Examinations occurred after 550, 750 and 1000 hours exposure times. Failure to protect the substrate, was indicated by blistering.
  • a one litre, five-neck round-bottom glass reactor equipped with a nitrogen inlet, water cooled condenser and metal anchor design agitator driven by an electric motor was used.
  • a 250 mL dropping funnel was employed.
  • Temperature control was provided by a thermocouple, heating mantle and temperature controller.
  • EW epoxy equivalent weight
  • This resin was cooled to 100°C and a polyoxypropylenediamine with a molecular weight of 2000 (JeffamineTM 2000, Texaco Chemical Company , Houston, Texas, F, 62.5 g) was added under agitation. The reaction mixture was allowed to react at between 92°C and 95°C for one hour. Water (500.0 g) was continuously added over one hour with agitation while maintaining a temperature of at least 70°C, and the resulting emulsion stirred at 60°C for one hour before cooling to below 30°C and bottling.
  • a polyoxypropylenediamine with a molecular weight of 2000 (JeffamineTM 2000, Texaco Chemical Company , Houston, Texas, F, 62.5 g) was added under agitation.
  • the reaction mixture was allowed to react at between 92°C and 95°C for one hour. Water (500.0 g) was continuously added over one hour with agitation while maintaining a temperature of at least 70°C, and the resulting
  • the resulting emulsion (Example 1 ) had a solids content of 50 percent, a viscosity of 2000 to 8000 mPa.s at 23°C and an EEW of ca. 718.
  • Example 1 were employed. Diglycidyl ether of Bisphenol-A having an epoxy equivalent weight (EEW) of 180 (A, 141.6 g), bisphenol-A (B, 44.5 g), a polyoxyaikylene diglycidyl ether having an epoxy equivalent weight of 5450 and an ethylene oxide/propylene oxide mole ratio of 5:1 (C, 64.7 g), p-tert-butyl phenol (D, 7.6 g) and methoxypropanol (E, 4.2 g) were charged into the reactor and heated within 30 minutes to 80°C under a nitrogen blanket.
  • EW epoxy equivalent weight
  • This resin was cooled to 90°C and polyoxypropylenediamine with a molecular weight of 400 (Jeffamine 400 Texaco Chemical Company, G, 163.6 g) and isophorone diamine (H, 67.4 g) added under agitation. All heating was switched off, and the reaction contents cooled to about 70°C before an exothermic reaction took place which peaked out at 86°C. The reaction mixture was heated slowly to 120°C over 45 minutes, maintained at this temperature for 1.5 hours and cooled to 99°C over 15 minutes.
  • the resulting emulsion had a solids content of 55 percent, a viscosity of ca. 5000 mPa.s at 23°C, an amino hydrogen equivalent weight (AHEW) of ca. 315 and a pH of 11.4.
  • the polymeric amino-functional emulsion prepared as described above (267.7 g) was blended with the polymeric epoxy-functional emulsion prepared as described in Example 1 (618.1 g), tris-2,4,6-dimethylamino-methylphenol (Ancamine K54/ Anchor Chemical, 13.9 g) and water (100.3 g) to yield a water emulsified reactive epoxy polymer composition with a solids content of 50 percent and a viscosity of 4500 mPa.s at 23 C C.
  • the stoichiometric ratio of epoxy to amine hydrogen groups in the blend is 1 :1.
  • This water-emulsified reactive epoxy polymer composition described above was cured at room temperature to give clear coatings: the characteristics of these clear coatings as a function of cure time are shown in Table I.
  • Bayferrox 920 (Iron oxide, yellow) 7.90
  • Pendulum hardness 76 137 according to Persoz [s]
  • EW epoxy equivalent weight
  • This resin was cooled to 90°C and polyoxypropylenediamine with a molecular weight of 400 (Jeffamine 400 available from Texaco Chemical Company, G, 118.5 g) and polyoxypropylenediamine with a molecular weight of 240 (Jeffamine 240 available from Texaco Chemical Company, G, 118.5 g) added under agitation. All heating was switched off, and the reaction contents cooled to about 70°C before an exothermic reaction took place which peaked out at 90°C. The reaction mixture was heated slowly to 120°C over 45 minutes, maintained at this temperature for 1.5 hours and cooled to 99°C over 15 minutes.
  • the resulting emulsion had a solids content of 55 percent, a viscosity of ca. 3900 mPa.s at 23°C, an amino hydrogen equivalent weight (AHEW) of ca. 327 and a pH of 11.4.
  • a polyglycidyl ether of bisphenol-A Epoxy Equivalent Weight ⁇ EEW
  • Polyglycidyl ether of Bisphenol-A having an epoxy equivalent weight (EEW) of 510 (A, 225 g) and a polyoxyaikylene diglycidyl ether having an epoxy equivalent weight of 5450 and an ethylene oxide/propylene oxide mole ratio of 5:1 (B, 75 g) were charged into the reactor and heated within 30 minutes to 110°C under a nitrogen blanket. Agitation was applied after the mixture was molten and the mixture stirred at 110°C for 30 minutes to ensure a homogeneous mixture is formed. The source of heat was removed. Polyoxypropylene diamine (JEFFAMINETMD400 from Texaco Chemical Company, AHEW 100, 200 g) were added under agitation.
  • the temperature of the reactor contents dropped to 90°C before an exothermic reaction set in which peaked at 125°C after 15 minutes. No external cooling was applied.
  • the reaction mixture was heated and held under agitation at 125°C for 90 minutes before cooling to 95°C.
  • Water (600 g) was added continuously over 90 minutes while maintaining the temperature between 75°C and 85°C.
  • a viscous emulsion is obtained which cannot be stirred if the temperature is allowed to fall below 60°C.
  • the resulting emulsion had a fine particle size of below 1000 Angstrom, an AHEW of ca. 925 and a viscosity of ca. 20,000 mPa.s at 23°C.
  • Example 2 A reaction sequence, reactants and equipment similar to those used in Example 1 were employed.
  • Isophorone diamine (A, 24.6 g) a polyoxyaikylene diglycidyl ether having an epoxy equivalent weight of 5450 and an ethylene oxide/propylene oxide mole ratio of 5:1 (B, 10.0 g), a polyoxypropylene diamine with a molecular weight of 2000 (Jeffamine 2000 available from Texaco Chemical Company, C, 16.0 g) and tnethylene glycol diamine (Jeffamine EDR 148 available from Texaco Chemical Company, 9.0 g) were charged into the reactor and heated within 30 minutes to 95 ⁇ C under a nitrogen blanket.
  • the polyoxyaikylene diglycidyl ether having an epoxy equivalent weight of 5450 had dissolved in the mixture and agitation was applied.
  • the reaction mixture was held at 95°C for 15 minutes, and the diglycidyl ether of bisphenol-A having an epoxy equivalent weight (EEW) of 180 (E, 40.4 g) was added under agitation at an addition rate which maintained the temperature at 95°C.
  • EW epoxy equivalent weight
  • the mixture was maintained at 95°C for an additional 30 minutes and water (100.0 g) was continuously added over with agitation while maintaining a temperature of between 55°C and 80°C.
  • a stable oil-in-water emulsion was formed, which was allowed to cool down during one hour under agitation to 45°C and then bottled.
  • the resulting emulsion had a solids content of 50 percent and an AHEW of 320.
  • Example 2 A reaction sequence, reactants and equipment similar to those used in Example 1 were employed.
  • a polyoxyaikylene diglycidyl ether having an epoxy equivalent weight of 5450 and an ethylene oxide/propylene oxide mole ratio of 5:1 B, 10.0 g
  • a polyoxypropylenediamine with a molecular weight of 400 Jeffamine 400/Texaco Chemical Company, C, 30.0 g
  • the polyoxyaikylene diglycidyl ether having an epoxy equivalent weight of 5450 had dissolved in the mixture and agitation was applied.
  • the reaction mixture is held at 95°C for 15 minutes, and the diglycidyl ether of Bisphenol-A having an epoxy equivalent weight (EEW) of 180 (E, 37.3 g) was added under agitation at an addition rate which maintains the temperature at 95°C.
  • EW epoxy equivalent weight
  • the mixture was maintained at 95°C for an additional 30 minutes and water (100.0 g) was continuously added over with agitation while maintaining a temperature of between 55 C C and 80°C.
  • a stable oil-in-water emulsion was formed, which was allowed to cool down during one hour under agitation to 45°C and then bottled.
  • the resulting emulsion had a solids content of 50 percent and an AHEW of 320.
  • Example 2 A reaction sequence, reactants and equipment similar to those used in Example 1 were employed.
  • Polyglycidyl ether of Bisphenol-A having an epoxy equivalent weight (EEW) of 510 (A, 116 g) and a polyoxyproylene glycol diglycidyl ether having an epoxy equivalent weight of 281 (B, 60.25 g) were charged into the reactor and heated within 30 minutes to 97°C under a nitrogen blanket. Agitation was applied after A was molten and the mixture stirred at 97°C for 15 minutes to ensure a homogeneous mixture is formed. The source of heat was removed.
  • EW epoxy equivalent weight
  • B 60.25 g
  • Triethyleneglycoldiamine (JEFFAMINE EDR 148 from TEXACO CHEMICAL COMPANY, Amino Hydrogen Equivalent Weight (AHEW) 37.5, 86.8 g) and polyoxypropylene diamine (JEFFAMINE D230 from TEXACO CHEMICAL COMPANY, AHEW 57.5, 86.8 g) were added under agitation. The temperature of the reactor contents dropped to 72°C before an exothermic reaction set in which peaked at 120°C after 15 minutes. No external cooling was applied.
  • the reaction mixture was held under agitation at 115°C for 45 minutes before an additional amount of polyoxyproylene glycol diglycidyl ether having an epoxy equivalent weight of 281 (B, 80.4 g) was added over 30 minutes while maintaining the temperature between 115°C and 125°C.
  • the reaction mixture was held at 120°C for an additional two hours before cooling to 35°C.
  • Water (430 g) was added continuously over a one hour period.
  • the resulting mixture had a solids content of ca. 50 percent, a fine particle size of below 1000 Angstrom, and an AHEW of ca. 280.
  • a polyglycidyl ether of bisphenol-A Epoxy Equivalent Weight ⁇ EEW ⁇ 240, 87 parts by weight
  • DOWANOL PM propylene glycol monomethyl ether
  • Talcofix DW900 available from OMNICHEM, 3 parts by weight
  • Liquid aromatic epoxy resins for example, the diglycidyl ether of Bisphenol-A having an epoxy equivalent weight (EEW) of 186 was easily emulsified in a 1 :1 epoxy/amine stoichiometric ratio into an emulsion of the polymeric amino- functional emulsion described above, without additional emulsifier.
  • the resultant water emulsified reactive epoxy polymer compositions furnished hard and glossy films if cured at temperatures of 10°C or higher. The effective pot life of such systems was ca. 3 hours. Comparative Example 8
  • Example 2 A reaction sequence, reactants and equipment similar to those used in Example 1 were employed. Isophorone diamine (A, 26.5 g), tnethylene glycol diamine (Jeffamine EDR 148/TEXACO CHEMICAL COMPANY, B, 9.0 g) and a polyoxypropylenediamine with a molecular weight of 2000 (Jeffamine 2000/TEXACO CHEMICAL COMPANY, C, 16.0 g) were charged into the reactor and heated within 30 minutes to 95°C under a nitrogen blanket. Agitation was applied.
  • Isophorone diamine A, 26.5 g
  • tnethylene glycol diamine Jeffamine EDR 148/TEXACO CHEMICAL COMPANY, B, 9.0 g
  • a polyoxypropylenediamine with a molecular weight of 2000 Jeffamine 2000/TEXACO CHEMICAL COMPANY, C, 16.0 g
  • the reaction mixture was held at 95°C for 15 minutes, and the diglycidyl ether of bisphenol-A having an epoxy equivalent weight (EEW) of 180 (E, 48.5 g) was added under agitation at an addition rate which maintained the temperature at 95°C.
  • EW epoxy equivalent weight
  • the mixture was maintained at 95°C for an additional 30 minutes and water (100.0 g) addition was attempted. Shortly after the water addition was started, a separate layer of water formed, and further addition of water was stopped. Increase or decrease of temperature, changes in agitation speed and further addition of water failed to produce an emulsion.
  • Isophorone diamine (26 g) was added to a three-necked glass flask equipped with a thermometer, an agitator and a condenser, and the contents were thoroughly agitated while maintaining a temperature of between 40 C C to 50°C.
  • Adeka resin EP-4200 (Asahi Denka Kogyo K.K., EEW 190, (10 g) the self emulsifying activated curing agent (7 g) and water (10 g) were mixed and cured.
  • the film performance was tested to give the following results. Film condition after 24 hours was "good”' pencil hardness was “H”' water resistance after 7 days of soaking was “good” and adhesion (mortar board checkerboard test) was 100/100.
  • the product amine polyepoxide adduct had 0.4 meq/gm of total amine and 0.33 meq/gm of epoxide which indicated that about 66 percent of the initial free epoxide groups had been reacted with the amine.
  • reaction mixture After the exothermic reaction subsides, the reaction mixture is maintained at 160°C for an additional hour followed by a 15 minute period at 190°C.
  • the reaction mixture is then cooled to 160°C and 14 grams of propyl CellosolveTM (trademark of Union Carbide Corporation) is added which immediately begins refluxing.
  • the reaction mixture is cooled to 100°C and analyzed.
  • the resultant self-dispersing resin present at 87.5 percent solids in propyl CellosolveTM, has 0.07 meq/gm total amine and an epoxide equivalent weight of 552 based on resin solids.

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Abstract

Cette composition polymère époxy réactive et émulsionnée peut facilement se disperser dans de l'eau et elle est notamment conçue pour être utilisée en tant que composition de revêtement qui peut être durcie à températures ambiantes. Cette composition émulsionnée incorpore un segment polyoxyalkylène hydrophile.
PCT/US1997/002694 1996-02-29 1997-02-21 Amines polymeres et compositions polymeres epoxy reactives WO1997031963A1 (fr)

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EP97907737A EP0883639A1 (fr) 1996-02-29 1997-02-21 Amines polymeres et compositions polymeres epoxy reactives
JP9531010A JP2000505497A (ja) 1996-02-29 1997-02-21 ポリマーアミンおよび反応性エポキシポリマー組成物
US09/117,007 US6245835B1 (en) 1996-02-29 1997-02-21 Polymeric amines and reactive epoxy polymer compositions

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EP1136509A1 (fr) * 2000-03-23 2001-09-26 Bakelite AG Durcisseurs de résines époxydes, procédé pour leur préparation et utilisation
WO2009036790A1 (fr) * 2007-09-21 2009-03-26 Henkel Ag & Co. Kgaa Compositions de primaires pour systèmes et revêtements de fixation par collage
WO2020234066A1 (fr) * 2019-05-23 2020-11-26 Basf Coatings Gmbh Dispersion de résine aqueuse et composition de revêtement aqueuse contenant la dispersion de résine

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WO1998025988A1 (fr) * 1996-11-20 1998-06-18 Sika Chemie Gmbh Produits d'addition d'epoxyde et d'amine utiles comme emulsifiants de resines epoxydes; dispersions de resine epoxyde a base aqueuse et leur procede de preparation
WO2014099666A2 (fr) * 2012-12-20 2014-06-26 Dow Global Technologies Llc Composition époxy
KR20190008547A (ko) 2016-05-10 2019-01-24 도요 고세이 고교 가부시키가이샤 염기발생제, 시제, 유기염, 조성물, 소자의 제조방법, 경화막 및 소자
EP3973008B1 (fr) * 2019-05-23 2024-06-05 BASF Coatings GmbH Dispersion aqueuse de résine et composition aqueuse de revêtement contenant ladite dispersion de résine

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EP0480379A2 (fr) * 1990-10-09 1992-04-15 McNEIL-PPC, INC. Matières de résines époxy hydrophiles utilisables pour la préparation des produits absorbant les fluides
WO1993012187A1 (fr) * 1991-12-17 1993-06-24 The Dow Chemical Company Resine a terminaison aminee hydrocompatible utilisee pour le durcissement des resines epoxy
JPH06179801A (ja) * 1992-12-15 1994-06-28 Asahi Denka Kogyo Kk 水性エポキシ樹脂硬化性組成物

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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EP1136509A1 (fr) * 2000-03-23 2001-09-26 Bakelite AG Durcisseurs de résines époxydes, procédé pour leur préparation et utilisation
US6410658B1 (en) 2000-03-23 2002-06-25 Bakelite Ag Polyepoxide/polyether mono- or polyamine precursor reacted with mono- or polyamine, epoxy resin-amine adduct and monoepoxide-amine adduct
US6646065B2 (en) * 2000-03-23 2003-11-11 Bakelite Ag Product of mono or polyamine and polyepoxide-amine precursor, epoxy resin-amine adduct, monoepoxide-amine adduct and epoxide thinner
US6653412B2 (en) * 2000-03-23 2003-11-25 Bakelite Ag Monoamine or polyamine reacted with polyepoxide/monoamine or polyamine precursor, epoxy resin and epoxide thinner
WO2009036790A1 (fr) * 2007-09-21 2009-03-26 Henkel Ag & Co. Kgaa Compositions de primaires pour systèmes et revêtements de fixation par collage
US9522974B2 (en) 2007-09-21 2016-12-20 Henkel Ag & Co. Kgaa Primer compositions for adhesive bonding systems and coatings
WO2020234066A1 (fr) * 2019-05-23 2020-11-26 Basf Coatings Gmbh Dispersion de résine aqueuse et composition de revêtement aqueuse contenant la dispersion de résine
US12252609B2 (en) 2019-05-23 2025-03-18 Basf Coatings Gmbh Aqueous resin dispersion and aqueous coating composition containing said resin dispersion

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