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WO1997026993A1 - Chauffage - Google Patents

Chauffage Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO1997026993A1
WO1997026993A1 PCT/GB1997/000195 GB9700195W WO9726993A1 WO 1997026993 A1 WO1997026993 A1 WO 1997026993A1 GB 9700195 W GB9700195 W GB 9700195W WO 9726993 A1 WO9726993 A1 WO 9726993A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
sheet
heating
carrier
specimen
metallic
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/GB1997/000195
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Ian Alan Gunter
Original Assignee
Bjs Company Ltd.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from GBGB9601471.7A external-priority patent/GB9601471D0/en
Priority claimed from GBGB9603717.1A external-priority patent/GB9603717D0/en
Application filed by Bjs Company Ltd. filed Critical Bjs Company Ltd.
Priority to CA002244178A priority Critical patent/CA2244178C/fr
Priority to JP52665897A priority patent/JP3705606B2/ja
Priority to EP97901166A priority patent/EP0876218B1/fr
Priority to AU14510/97A priority patent/AU1451097A/en
Priority to AT97901166T priority patent/ATE197129T1/de
Priority to DK97901166T priority patent/DK0876218T3/da
Priority to DE69703381T priority patent/DE69703381T2/de
Publication of WO1997026993A1 publication Critical patent/WO1997026993A1/fr
Priority to GR20000402296T priority patent/GR3034671T3/el

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
    • B01L3/00—Containers or dishes for laboratory use, e.g. laboratory glassware; Droppers
    • B01L3/50—Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes
    • B01L3/508—Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes rigid containers not provided for above
    • B01L3/5085—Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes rigid containers not provided for above for multiple samples, e.g. microtitration plates
    • B01L3/50851—Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes rigid containers not provided for above for multiple samples, e.g. microtitration plates specially adapted for heating or cooling samples
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F33/00—Other mixers; Mixing plants; Combinations of mixers
    • B01F33/45—Magnetic mixers; Mixers with magnetically driven stirrers
    • B01F33/452—Magnetic mixers; Mixers with magnetically driven stirrers using independent floating stirring elements

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to heating and more particularly to the thermal cycling of specimen carriers.
  • specimen carriers in the form of support blocks or platterns are used for various processes where small samples are thermally cycled.
  • a particular example is the Polymerase Chain Reaction method (often referred to as PCR) for replicating DNA samples.
  • PCR Polymerase Chain Reaction method
  • Such samples require rapid and accurate thermal cycling, and are typically placed in a multi-well block and cycled between several selected temperatures in a pre-set repeated cycle.
  • the present invention solves this problem by applying direct electrical resistive heating to a metallic specimen carrier.
  • the invention provides a method of heating a specimen carrier in the form of a metallic sheet and applying a heating current to said sheet.
  • the metallic sheet will be of silver which has a high thermal and electrical conductivity.
  • the sheet will generally have a thin section in the region of 0.3mm thickness, and may be in a form where a matrix of sample wells is incorporated in the sheet.
  • the metallic sheet may be a solid sheet or block of silver (which may have cavities forming wells)
  • a metallised plastic tray which may have impressed wells
  • deposited metal forms a resistive heating element
  • Another alternative is to electro form a thin metal tray (which again may have impressed wells), and to coat the metal with a bio-compatible polymer.
  • the plastic trays are conventionally single use disposable items.
  • the incorporation of the heating element into the plastic trays may increase their cost, but the reduction in cycling time for the PCR reaction more than compensates for any increased cost of the disposable item.
  • the bottom of the composite tray should be unobstructed when fan cooling is employed. If sub-ambient cooling is required at the end of the PCR cycles, either with a composite tray or a block, chilled liquid spray-cooling may be employed.
  • the boiling point of the liquid should be below the low point of the PCR cycle so that liquid does not remain on the metal of the tray or block to impede heating. This also allows for the latent heat of evaporation of the liquid to increase the cooling effect.
  • the heating current may be an AC current supplied from the secondary winding of a transformer. This allows cycling control to be applied to the primary circuit of the transformer (higher voltage, lower current) in a convenient way without encountering problems which arise when operating with high current devices .
  • the transformer may comprise a toroidal core having an appropriate mains primary winding and a single bus bar looped through the core and connected in series with the metallic sheet to form a single turn secondary circuit.
  • Figure 1 is a side elevation of a heating apparatus
  • Figure 2 is a plan view of the apparatus of Figure 1.
  • a metallic specimen carrier in the form of a multi-well block (1) measuring 110mm x 75mm and having 96 wells (2) disposed in a grid layout is formed in silver nominally 0.3mm thick. This is attached to bus bars (3) of substantial cross-sectional area.
  • the bus bars loop once through a transformer (toroidal or square), core (4).
  • the core (4) has a primary winding (5) appropriate for the mains voltage employed.
  • the transformer primary current is controlled using a triac device (6).
  • the triac device receives current from an AC source and is controlled by a temperature control circuit (7) which uses a fine wire thermocouple (8) soldered to a central underside region of the block to sense the temperature of the block.
  • the temperature control circuitry may be operated manually or by a personal computer (9).
  • Cooling of the block is by means of a fan (10) mounted under the block, blowing ambient air over the protruding well forms (2), the air being directed by the enclosure in which the block is mounted.
  • the fan is controlled by the same temperature control circuitry that drives the heater triac .
  • the measured performance of the example apparatus gives rates of change of temperature in excess of 6 degrees per second and over/under shoots of less than 0.25 degrees within the typical PCR working range of 50-100 degrees.
  • the described examples use a silver block with cavities, but metalised plastic tray inserts, or electro formed thin metal trays, as previously described, may also be used.
  • the system as described has several important advantages . 1.1
  • the block is heated directly with no requirement for heat transfer from an attached heat source. This is very efficient and taken together with the very low specific heat capacity of silver allows very rapid temperature changes.
  • Direct heating means that there is no thermal lag at all. Temperature control functions are immediate so that the block may be cycled in temperature with little or no over or undershoot. Temperature control is therefore inherently precise.
  • thermocouple is soldered directly to the block so as to provide close temperature measurement and control . Any other temperature measurement device may be used as long as it does not introduce significant sensor lag.
  • the temperature distribution around the surface of the block is dependent on the evenness of heating and the thermal conductivity of the block.
  • the thermal conductivity of silver is very high, and the distribution of heat energy around the block is dependent upon the distribution of the heating current. This may be regulated by varying the geometry of the multi-well block.
  • the large currents required may be easily produced and controlled since the block becomes part of a heavy secondary circuit of the transformer.
  • the cross- sectional area of the winding bars is made considerably larger than the cross-sectional area of the block so that significant heat generation only occurs in the block.
  • the current can be easily controlled in the primary winding (where the current is small), using thyristors, triacs or other devices.
  • the primary winding may be driven by a high frequency, switch mode, controllable power supply. This allows the same degree of control of the current induced in the secondary winding incorporating the block, but the high frequency allows the use of a more compact core in the transformer, and reduces inrush current surges when switching the current on and off.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Clinical Laboratory Science (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Hematology (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Apparatus Associated With Microorganisms And Enzymes (AREA)
  • Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analyzing Materials Using Thermal Means (AREA)
  • Resistance Heating (AREA)
  • Sorption Type Refrigeration Machines (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analysing Biological Materials (AREA)
  • Vaporization, Distillation, Condensation, Sublimation, And Cold Traps (AREA)
  • Investigating, Analyzing Materials By Fluorescence Or Luminescence (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention porte sur un procédé et un appareil permettant de chauffer des échantillons dans les coupelles d'un porte-échantillons métallique. On chauffe ce dernier directement en faisant directement intervenir une résistance spécifique. On peut utiliser une source de courant alternatif ainsi qu'un transformateur lorsque le porte-échantillon est monté en série, l'enroulement secondaire du transformateur étant à spire unique.
PCT/GB1997/000195 1996-01-25 1997-01-23 Chauffage WO1997026993A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (8)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CA002244178A CA2244178C (fr) 1996-01-25 1997-01-23 Methode de chauffage pour porte-specimens
JP52665897A JP3705606B2 (ja) 1996-01-25 1997-01-23 加熱
EP97901166A EP0876218B1 (fr) 1996-01-25 1997-01-23 Chauffage d'un porteur d'echantillons
AU14510/97A AU1451097A (en) 1996-01-25 1997-01-23 Heating
AT97901166T ATE197129T1 (de) 1996-01-25 1997-01-23 Erwärmung eines proben-trägers
DK97901166T DK0876218T3 (da) 1996-01-25 1997-01-23 Opvarmning af en prøvebærer
DE69703381T DE69703381T2 (de) 1996-01-25 1997-01-23 Erwärmung eines proben-trägers
GR20000402296T GR3034671T3 (en) 1996-01-25 2000-10-26 Heating

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB9601471.7 1996-01-25
GBGB9601471.7A GB9601471D0 (en) 1996-01-25 1996-01-25 Heating
GB9603717.1 1996-02-22
GBGB9603717.1A GB9603717D0 (en) 1996-02-22 1996-02-22 Heating

Related Child Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US09/815,696 Continuation-In-Part US6635492B2 (en) 1996-01-25 2001-03-23 Heating specimen carriers

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1997026993A1 true WO1997026993A1 (fr) 1997-07-31

Family

ID=26308521

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/GB1997/000195 WO1997026993A1 (fr) 1996-01-25 1997-01-23 Chauffage

Country Status (11)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0876218B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP3705606B2 (fr)
AT (1) ATE197129T1 (fr)
AU (1) AU1451097A (fr)
CA (1) CA2244178C (fr)
DE (1) DE69703381T2 (fr)
DK (1) DK0876218T3 (fr)
ES (1) ES2151241T3 (fr)
GR (1) GR3034671T3 (fr)
PT (1) PT876218E (fr)
WO (1) WO1997026993A1 (fr)

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2000025920A1 (fr) * 1998-10-29 2000-05-11 Hans-Knöll-Institut für Naturstoff-Forschung e.V. Plaque a plusieurs puits a parois ultrafines pour thermocyclage par bloc thermique
WO2001072424A1 (fr) * 2000-03-24 2001-10-04 Bjs Company Ltd. Chauffage de support d'echantillons
DE10028323A1 (de) * 2000-06-07 2001-12-20 Evotec Biosystems Ag Titerplatte
DE20101734U1 (de) * 2001-02-01 2002-06-13 EVOTEC BioSystems AG, 22525 Hamburg Probenträger
GB2370112A (en) * 2000-12-15 2002-06-19 Hybaid Ltd Multiwell sample plates
WO2003000419A3 (fr) * 2001-06-21 2003-05-08 Hybaid Ltd Plaque a puits a echantillons
WO2003022439A3 (fr) * 2001-09-10 2003-05-30 Bjs Company Ltd Chauffage de zones de porte-specimens
US6635492B2 (en) 1996-01-25 2003-10-21 Bjs Company Ltd. Heating specimen carriers
WO2012080746A1 (fr) 2010-12-17 2012-06-21 Ian Gunter Procédés et systèmes pour chauffage de pcr rapide
WO2013175218A1 (fr) 2012-05-24 2013-11-28 Bjs Ip Limited Pince pour chauffage rapide de pcr
WO2014140596A1 (fr) 2013-03-15 2014-09-18 Bjs Ip Limited Chauffage rapide de pcr

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP4574328B2 (ja) * 2004-11-10 2010-11-04 キヤノン株式会社 試料温度調整装置
US7632464B2 (en) * 2006-06-29 2009-12-15 Bio-Rad Laboratories, Inc. Low-mass sample block with rapid response to temperature change

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0058428A2 (fr) * 1981-02-18 1982-08-25 Eisai Co., Ltd. Immuno-essai enzymatique pour la mesure simultanée d'une pluralité d'échantillons et dispositif pour la mise en oeuvre de ce procédé
EP0603411A1 (fr) * 1992-07-01 1994-06-29 KATOH, Keiichi Dispositif ceramique de chauffage et de refroidissement
WO1995001559A2 (fr) * 1993-07-02 1995-01-12 Evotec Biosystems Gmbh Porte-echantillons et son utilisation
US5410130A (en) * 1994-04-20 1995-04-25 Ericomp, Inc. Heating and temperature cycling

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0058428A2 (fr) * 1981-02-18 1982-08-25 Eisai Co., Ltd. Immuno-essai enzymatique pour la mesure simultanée d'une pluralité d'échantillons et dispositif pour la mise en oeuvre de ce procédé
EP0603411A1 (fr) * 1992-07-01 1994-06-29 KATOH, Keiichi Dispositif ceramique de chauffage et de refroidissement
WO1995001559A2 (fr) * 1993-07-02 1995-01-12 Evotec Biosystems Gmbh Porte-echantillons et son utilisation
US5410130A (en) * 1994-04-20 1995-04-25 Ericomp, Inc. Heating and temperature cycling

Cited By (18)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6635492B2 (en) 1996-01-25 2003-10-21 Bjs Company Ltd. Heating specimen carriers
EP1000661A1 (fr) * 1998-10-29 2000-05-17 Hans-Knöll-Institut für Naturstoff-Forschung e.v. Plaque multi-puits ultramince pour le thermocyclage en utilisant un bloc de chauffage
WO2000025920A1 (fr) * 1998-10-29 2000-05-11 Hans-Knöll-Institut für Naturstoff-Forschung e.V. Plaque a plusieurs puits a parois ultrafines pour thermocyclage par bloc thermique
JP4965786B2 (ja) * 2000-03-24 2012-07-04 ビージェイエス カンパニー リミテッド 供試体キャリアの加熱方法及び装置
WO2001072424A1 (fr) * 2000-03-24 2001-10-04 Bjs Company Ltd. Chauffage de support d'echantillons
JP2003527873A (ja) * 2000-03-24 2003-09-24 ビージェイエス カンパニー リミテッド 供試体キャリアの加熱方法及び装置
DE10028323A1 (de) * 2000-06-07 2001-12-20 Evotec Biosystems Ag Titerplatte
GB2370112A (en) * 2000-12-15 2002-06-19 Hybaid Ltd Multiwell sample plates
DE20101734U1 (de) * 2001-02-01 2002-06-13 EVOTEC BioSystems AG, 22525 Hamburg Probenträger
WO2003000419A3 (fr) * 2001-06-21 2003-05-08 Hybaid Ltd Plaque a puits a echantillons
US6949725B2 (en) 2001-09-10 2005-09-27 Ian Alan Gunter Zone heating of specimen carriers
WO2003022439A3 (fr) * 2001-09-10 2003-05-30 Bjs Company Ltd Chauffage de zones de porte-specimens
WO2012080746A1 (fr) 2010-12-17 2012-06-21 Ian Gunter Procédés et systèmes pour chauffage de pcr rapide
US9168530B2 (en) 2010-12-17 2015-10-27 Bjs Ip Ltd. Methods and systems for fast PCR heating
WO2013175218A1 (fr) 2012-05-24 2013-11-28 Bjs Ip Limited Pince pour chauffage rapide de pcr
US9579657B2 (en) 2012-05-24 2017-02-28 Bjs Ip Ltd Clamp for fast PCR heating
US10315198B2 (en) 2012-05-24 2019-06-11 Bjs Ip Ltd Clamp for fast PCR heating
WO2014140596A1 (fr) 2013-03-15 2014-09-18 Bjs Ip Limited Chauffage rapide de pcr

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU1451097A (en) 1997-08-20
EP0876218A1 (fr) 1998-11-11
EP0876218B1 (fr) 2000-10-25
CA2244178A1 (fr) 1997-07-31
JP3705606B2 (ja) 2005-10-12
PT876218E (pt) 2001-03-30
DE69703381T2 (de) 2001-04-12
ATE197129T1 (de) 2000-11-15
DK0876218T3 (da) 2001-01-08
JP2000505889A (ja) 2000-05-16
CA2244178C (fr) 2008-10-14
DE69703381D1 (de) 2000-11-30
GR3034671T3 (en) 2001-01-31
ES2151241T3 (es) 2000-12-16

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